Description of the types of erythronium
The most popular types of Pagoda Kandyk are listed below.
American
This species is native to the subtropics and central parts of the United States and Canada. Flowers grow in the mountains. The bulb is shaped like an egg. The leaves reach a length of 20 cm and a width of 5 cm. There are small brown spots on the leaves. The length of the peduncle is approximately 0.3 m. The petals are bright yellow in color. Sometimes there is a purple tinge.
Whitish
This species blooms in central parts of Canada and the United States of America. It bears a resemblance to the American species. The petals can be pink, purple, or blue.
Whitish appearance
Multi-stem
Grows in the temperate zones of the United States. The places of its distribution are light forests and moist rocks. The leaves are inversely centered. The flowers are yellow-cream in color with an orange base. The peduncle has one to three flowers.
Henderson
It grows in the state of Oregon in light forests and dry meadows. It appeared in Europe in 1887. The bulb has an oblong shape and short roots. There are dark brown spots on the leaves. The shoot reaches a length of 10-30 cm. There are one to three flowers on a bush.
Henderson's view
Mountain
Grows in the northwestern United States. Prefers alpine meadows. The bulb is oblong. The stem reaches a length of 0.45 m. The leaves are in the shape of an egg, they are strongly tapering towards the base. The flowers are pale pink. The bract is orange.
Lemon yellow
Grows in the warm temperate parts of the United States. Found in mountain forests. There are spots on the leaves. Stem height 10-20 cm.
Note! The flowers are pale yellow in color. When they wither, they take on a pink hue
California
Grows in the forests of California. The leaves have a blunt oblong shape. There are spots on their surface. The length of the leaf is up to 10 cm. The stem reaches a length of 0.35 m. The flowers are white-cream tones. The following varieties are popular among flower growers:
- kandyk Erythronium White Beauty (White beauty). Erythronium White Beauty has snow-white flowers with a dark brown ring in the middle. The perianth leaves are similar to the Chinese pagoda;
- Harvingtone Snowgood. The flowers are creamy with a yellow base.
Large
It grows in the steppes of the USA and Canada. Also found in forests and mountains. The roots are short, with a bulb on them. Stem length from 0.3 to 0.6 m. Leaves are oblong, lanceolate. Their length is 0.2 m. There are from one to six flowers on the stem. The petals are pale yellow. The most popular varieties of this type:
- white - snow-white petals;
- golden - yellow flowers;
- Nuttalya - red anthers;
- Rubens - pink-red petals.
Close-up view
Oregonum
It grows in the subtropics of the Pacific coast of the USA and Canada. The length is from 0.1 to 0.4 m. There are spots on the leaves. They are oblong. Perianth leaves are white-cream in color. A distinctive feature - it loves moisture. Famous varieties of this species:
- wrapped white-flowered - white petals;
- wrapped Johnson - dark pink color of the buds;
- wrapped white - white-cream flowers.
Tuolumni
Kandyk Tuolumni Pagoda grows only in the Sierra Nevada. Reaches 0.3-0.4 m. The leaves are green, 0.3 m long. The flowers are yellow with a golden tint. The most famous varieties:
- Pagoda - yellow-lemon buds;
- Congo is a hybrid that is created by crossing the inverted and Tuolumni species. The flowers are yellow with a grayish tint.
Siberian
Grows in the southern part of Siberia and Mongolia. The bulb is shaped like an egg. Stem 0.12-0.35 m. Petals of pink-lilac color. Brownish leaves with a green pattern.
Caucasian
Found in the mountain forests of western Transcaucasia. The bulbs are ovoid-cylindrical. Stem length 0.25 m. There are specks on the leaves. The perianth is yellowish or white.
Caucasian view
For your information! Poorly tolerates frost.
European
Grows in subtropical and warm temperate zones of Europe. The color of the stem is pale pink. Its height is 0.1-0.3 m.Petals are white, pink, purple. There is one flower on the stem. The variety is frost-resistant.
Japanese
It grows in the Kuriles, Sakhalin, Karelia and Japan. Bulbs are cylindrical-lanceolate. Stem 0.3 m. Leaves are oblong. Their length is 12 cm. The bud is purple-pink.
Hybrid
These are varieties that are obtained by combining several species. The most famous among them:
- White knight - snow-white flowers;
- scarlet - flowers of a rich crimson color;
- White canine - pale yellow buds.
Structure and appearance
Life cycle
Sporangial phase with glutinous contents
The slime mold has two phases to its life cycle: an actively feeding plasmodial stage and a reproductive sporangial stage.
The plasmodial phase is mobile and is multi-nucleate, formed by the fusion of single cells and typically amoeboid in its movements, through cytoplasmic streaming.
The sporangial or aethalial phase of this slime mold is spherical, elongate or globular, 50 to 80 mm, and is at first highly glutinous in appearance, resembling small slug eggs. Later a smooth white and silvery surface develops, which eventually splits to expose a brown spore mass beneath. An aethalium is a term relating to slime molds, referring to the relatively big, plump, pillow-shaped fruiting body, formed by the aggregation of plasmodia into a single functional body. The term comes from the Greek for thick smoke or soot; so named from the smokelike spores.
Spores
The spores are brown, subglobose or ovoid, punctate (spotted), 5–7 µm in size and dispersed by wind and rain until only a few delicate threads of the sporangium remain, resembling soft foam padding.
Insect associates
A slime mold fly, Epicypta testata, is known to lay its eggs within the spore mass and puparia can be seen with their tips protruding. The adult fly lays its eggs within the plasmodial phase, feeding upon it and the larval phase then hatches as worm-like larvae which pupate and then hatch, carrying and dispersing some of the spores which have stuck to them.
Types of clerodendrum
In total, more than 300 varieties are registered in the genus, but not so many are used in indoor floriculture.
Clerodendrum of Mrs. Thompson (Thompson). The most popular type is the deciduous ligneous vine with thin, smooth shoots. Dense dark green foliage grows up to 12 cm in length. The leaf plate swollen between the veins has an oval shape with a pointed end. In March-June, loose clusters on long peduncles rise above the vegetation. White, bell-like bracts surround small scarlet buds. Long white or creamy stamens peep out from the center. Outwardly, the flower is very similar to a moth with long antennae.
Mrs. Thompson's Clerodendrum
Clerodendrum Ugandan. The evergreen vine grows shoots up to 2 m in length. They are covered with broad-lanceolate dark green leaves, between which loose panicles with bluish-purple small flowers grow. The stamens on these flowers are especially long and blue in color. The lower petal is enlarged, it has a darker shade. The variety requires brighter lighting and abundant watering.
Clerodendrum Ugandan
Clerodendrum is brilliant. An evergreen shrub with long, curly stems. Leaves on it grow oppositely or in whorls of 3 pieces. An almost rounded leaf plate reaches 8 cm in length and 6 cm wide... The edges of the leaf are wavy, the base resembles a heart. From the axils of the foliage, short peduncles with dense brushes of scarlet-red buds grow. In favorable conditions, it blooms all year round.
Clerodendrum brilliant
Wallich's Clerodendrum (Prospero). On long flexible branches of a reddish-green hue, large dark green oval leaves grow. Their length is 5-8 cm. Large inflorescences with snow-white flowers bloom between them. The bush itself is quite compact, but capricious. He needs long daylight hours and high humidity.
Wallich's Clerodendrum
Clerodendrum Filipino. The variety, which is still rare for our country, is distinguished by an intense aroma of flowers, in which notes of vanilla and jasmine are mixed. In the evening, the smell intensifies. A dense corymbose inflorescence blooms on a long peduncle. The buds look like tiny (up to 3 cm in diameter) roses. The width of one inflorescence reaches 20 cm, so it really resembles a bouquet. Shoots are covered with wide-oval dark green velvety leaves. Flowering begins from the second year of life.
Clerodendrum Filipino
Clerodendrum bunge. The Chinese species grows especially rapidly. The plant grows light green broad-oval leaves, which are collected in whorls. Beautiful spherical inflorescences of small pink buds bloom on the stems. From a distance, the flower looks like fireworks. Flowering continues throughout the summer.
Clerodendrum bunge
Clerodendrum specialosum (finest). A spreading bush up to 3 m high consists of branched tetrahedral shoots.This evergreen plant is covered with large, heart-shaped leaves with short soft hair. They grow on reddish petioles. From June to September, purple inflorescences with a darker, lilac-red corolla delight.
Clerodendrum specialozum
Clerodendrum inerme (unarmed). An evergreen shrub with long vines covered with oval emerald leaves with a prominent central vein. It blooms with white, moth-like flowers with long purple stamens. An interesting variety inerme variegated. It is distinguished by lighter (light green) spots on the leaves, which create an exquisite marble pattern.
Clerodendrum inerme
Clerodendrum Schmidt. A shrub or small tree is distinguished by dense shoots and bright green oval leaves with a wavy edge. During the flowering period, many brushes are formed on drooping peduncles. They carry snow-white flowers. They exude a pleasant sweetish aroma.
Clerodendrum Schmidt
Types of kalata with photos and names
Below will be described those types and varieties of calathea that are most popular with flower growers.
Calathea bachemiana
This species, whose homeland is Brazil, is considered the most unpretentious of all. The bush has no stems. The length of the leathery lanceolate leaf plates is about 40 centimeters, they are painted in a silvery-green hue, and they are decorated with a dark green pattern, which is located along the central vein.
Calathea makoyana
The homeland of this species is also Brazil, the bush can reach a height of about half a meter. The length of the wide-oval foliage is up to 20 centimeters, and the width is about 10 centimeters. The front surface of the plate is white, almost transparent; it is decorated with deep green veins and pale red spots, as well as a pattern consisting of dark green stripes.
Calathea picturata
Oblong leaf plates in length reach about 20 centimeters, they have a strip of greenish color along the edge, and the median vein is painted in the same shade. The central part of the plate is dark green.
Calathea leopardina
The height of such a stemless bush can vary from 0.4 to 0.5 m.The shape of the greenish leaf plates is oval-lanceolate, their width from 3 to 4 centimeters, and the length is from 10 to 12 centimeters. They are decorated with dark green elliptical specks, which are interconnected by a median vein.
Decorated calathea (Calathea ornata)
The native land of the species is the Colombian humid forests. A low-growing bush reaches a height of only 15 centimeters. The oval foliage is about 20 centimeters long and about 5 centimeters wide. The front greenish-yellow surface of the leaves is decorated with lines of pink and silver shades, and the seamy surface is purple. The species has such varieties as: Calathea ornata roseolineata and Calathea sanderiana.
Calathea crocata
The front surface of the foliage is dark green, and the back is almost brown. If you provide the species in indoor conditions with a long daylight hours (about 10 hours), then in January-February the bush will bloom. Appearing spectacular inflorescences can be colored orange or deep yellow.
Calathea warscewiczii
The species has a spectacular velvety foliage, which has a greenish pattern on the front surface along the central vein, while its underside is purple. During flowering, very showy white, cream or pink inflorescences are formed.
Calathea striped or zebra-like (Calathea zebrina)
A plant native to the tropical part of Brazil. The shape of the leaf plates is elliptical, they reach 40 centimeters in length and up to 15 centimeters in width. The seamy surface of the leaves is pale red, and the front is dark green, and it is decorated with greenish feathery stripes.
Calathea veitchiana
The height of the bush is about 0.9 m.Smooth foliage has an oval shape, it reaches about 30 centimeters in length and up to 10 centimeters in width. The dark green upper surface of the plate is decorated with greenish-yellow stripes, and the purple lower surface is decorated with yellow stripes.
Calathea rufibarba
The species received this name, because on the seamy surface of the monophonic foliage and on the petioles there is a pubescence of a red color. Elongated leaves have a slightly wavy edge. There are varieties:
- Blue Grass - both foliage surfaces are green;
- "Wavestar" - the seamy surface of the foliage has a lilac color.
Florists also cultivate such species as: Calathea Litze, Orbifolia, "Queen of Maui", Lubbers, medallion (roseopicta), wonderful (lanceolate), etc.
Pteris species
Pteris Cretan (Pteris cretica)
The most common type of such fern is called Pteris cretica (Pteris cretica). Cirro-dissected leaflets at it reach a length of half a meter and have from 2 to 6 pairs of segments. In nature, he prefers to grow in the forest, on rocks or river banks. Many garden forms are available.
Pteris longifolia (Pteris longifolia)
Its feathery, dark green leaves have 20 to 30 pairs of feathers. The leaf blade is slightly longer than the petiole. In the wild, it is found in forests, as well as on slopes or rocky cliffs.
It is outwardly very similar to the Cretan pteris, however, it has a darker color of foliage.
It has very long leaves (up to 1 meter long), which are dissected and have straight petioles.
Pteris multifida (Pteris multifida)
The plant has many very narrow, dark green leaves. The length of the petiole is about 30 cm.At its end there are five narrow lanceolate leaves up to 45 cm long. Varieties for indoor cultivation:
- Variegata - there is a double white stripe at the top of each leaf;
- Cristata - each leaf in the upper part is wider and combed;
- Tenuifolia - there is a gray stripe in the center of the leaves.
Pteris tape (Pteris vittata)
The plant forms a tall and spreading growth. The fronds 70-100 cm long have a drooping shape. Cirrus-dissected long leaves are arranged alternately and are colored dark green.
Pteris dentata (Pteris dentata)
The delicate light green plant consists of feathery, folded leaves. The length of the leaf is 30-80 cm, and the width is 20-40 cm. The blades are perpendicular to the petiole. The fern grows rapidly and is highly decorative.
Caring for pteris at home
Illumination
It is recommended to choose a well-lit area, but the fern needs shading from the direct rays of the sun. You can place it in a small partial shade. Pteris can also grow in the shade, but its leaves will not be as decorative.
Temperature regime
In the warm season, a temperature in the range of 20 to 22 degrees is quite suitable for him. In winter, it can withstand a drop in temperature up to 10-13 degrees. It should be borne in mind that variegated forms must be protected from a temperature drop of less than 16 degrees. The plant does not like drafts.
Humidity
Loves high humidity, like all ferns (with the exception of pellets). In this regard, pteris should be regularly sprayed with lukewarm and soft water.
How to water
For irrigation, you need to use exclusively settled water. In the warm season, you need to water abundantly, and in the cold - in moderation, but you should not forget that the substrate must always be slightly moistened. Make sure that there is no stagnation of water in the soil, as this can lead to the formation of rot on the roots. Excess liquid should quickly leave the pot.
Top dressing
You need to feed the plant from May to August 2 times a month. To do this, use a liquid fertilizer for decorative deciduous indoor plants (take ½ part of the recommended dose).
Transfer
It is necessary to transplant in the spring and only when necessary, for example, when the roots no longer fit in the pot. You need to use slightly acidic or neutral ground.
Earth mixture
For planting, a soil mixture consisting of leaf, sod, humus and peat soil, as well as sand, taken in equal proportions, is suitable.
Pests and diseases
The scale insect can settle, less often - aphids and mealybugs. It is not recommended to touch the delicate leaves of pteris, as they are quite easily damaged.
Crested Crested Care in the Garden
When growing a corydalis in a garden, it should be watered, weeded, fed, loosened up the soil surface and protected from pests and diseases in a timely manner. But it should be borne in mind that different types of care requirements and preferences may differ.
How to feed and water
In the first spring weeks, when the beginning of the growth of the corydalis is noted, as a rule, the soil is quite moist from melt water, so the plants will not need to be watered. After the earth dries out, the plants will need to be watered systematically. It should be noted that alpine and desert species should be provided with moderate watering, since they react negatively to stagnant moisture in the root system, while a short drought does much less damage to the plant. It must be remembered that any of the corydalis species reacts extremely negatively to stagnant water in the soil, in this regard, the land on the site must be well-drained. When the bushes are watered, you need to loosen the surface of the site, while removing the weeds. To reduce the number of weeding, watering and loosening, the surface of the site must be covered with a layer of organic mulch.
Only forest species of corydalis need feeding, while compost or leaf humus should be added to the soil during digging before planting. Also in spring, you can mulch the surface of the site with organic matter.
After the bushes have faded, their parts located above the ground turn yellow over time, and their dying off is observed. To remember where they grew, you need to mark each bush by sticking a peg next to it. This culture is distinguished by a fairly high resistance to frost, so it does not need shelter for the winter. However, it should be borne in mind that the Chinese Corydalis can die if the air temperature drops below minus 23 degrees.
How to transplant and propagate
It is recommended to transplant this primrose during the period of its rest. But even during the flowering period, the corydalis bushes tolerate this procedure quite well. However, when transplanting, a part of the flowering bush located above the ground can come off quite easily, in which case the tubers will begin a dormant period earlier than usual. They move the bushes to a new place along with a lump of earth.
For the reproduction of such a plant, seeds, tubers, and also the method of dividing the rhizome are used. On the rhizomes, tubers are formed only on the corydalis of Kashmir and Bush. You can divide the rhizome in the spring, as well as from the middle to the end of the summer, and they do this during plant transplantation. When dividing a bush, it should be borne in mind that each delenka must have a renewal bud and a part of the rhizome. When planting delenoks, they are buried in the soil by 5-15 centimeters (depending on the size of the tubers), while a distance of at least 10 centimeters should be kept between the holes. But it should also be borne in mind that this breeding method is not very popular with gardeners.
Unripe corydalis seeds should be sown. So, they should be painted black, but the boxes should still be green. Try to pick the pods in time, otherwise, when they are fully ripe and open, the seeds will spill out onto the surface of the site, where ants will quickly drag them away. The seeds remain viable for 7 days, so there is no need to tighten them with sowing. Seeds are sown in containers, which must be filled with a moistened substrate.Then they are transferred to a shaded place and make sure that the soil mixture is always slightly damp. Seedlings can be planted in the garden after spring comes. Corydalis grown from seeds bloom for the first time after 2–4 years (depending on the species).
Diseases and pests
Corydalis are highly resistant to disease, so they rarely get sick. If there is stagnation of water in the root system, then this can cause the development of a fungal disease.
Any culture can become infected with a viral disease, no matter how bad or good you care for it. Bushes affected by such a disease should be removed from the soil and destroyed, and the area where they were grown must be spilled with a solution of potassium manganese, which must be strong enough
To cure a plant affected by a fungal disease, it must be sprayed with a fungicide solution.
Of the pests, mice and moles pose a danger to the corydalis. To get rid of them, bait with poison must be placed on the surface of the site in several places.
Planting seeds
Growing your own plants from seeds is a reliable and economical way to get a foreigner into your own garden.
At the end of summer, ripe seeds are selected without mechanical damage. They are placed in prepared grooves up to 5 cm deep, at a distance of 5-7 cm, covered, tamped and watered. Before the start of frosts, crops can be left uncovered, they are quite resistant to not very large frosts. In the spring, the first shoots will appear, by April they should reach 4-5 cm, if this has not happened, then the plant has not received enough moisture and nutrition. In the first year, the kandyk forms bulbs no more than 5 mm, in the second - up to 8 mm, only in the third year they become cylindrical and sprout independently into the ground. Erythronium grown from seeds blooms for the first time in the fifth or sixth year.
Watering and feeding kandyk
At the very beginning of spring, when the kandyk begins to grow actively, the earth has not yet dried out from melt water, therefore it should be watered no earlier than in May, and then in the case of a dry spring. Periodically, after rainfall or watering, it is advisable to slightly loosen the ground around the plant and remove weeds.
There is no need to apply top dressing in the first year, the plants that were made during planting are quite enough. Starting from the second year, the site where the planted kandyk needs to be mulched with organic fertilizer - peat or plant humus. Kandyk responds well to mineral fertilizing for flowers.
Diseases and pests
Kandyk, in general, is not susceptible to diseases, and moles and mice can be attributed to pests. Often the seeds of erythronium are picked up by ants and pecked by birds, but they can hardly be attributed to pests. To keep the population of erythroniums on your site, it would be wise to place them in different parts of the garden. To combat rodents, special traps are well suited, and for a bear, you can dig holes, put fresh humus there, where insects will definitely come to lay their eggs. After which it will be easy to destroy them.
Kandyk honey
Kandyk is a great early honey plant. The plant's nectar contains fructose, glucose, minerals, enzymes, acids, a complex of vitamins and other useful ingredients. Honey smells very good and has unique healing properties. It is taken for coughs, fever, it helps to lower the temperature. This honey is used in cosmetology to make antiseptic honey water. It softens and moisturizes the skin, nourishes it with beneficial substances.
What is the use of kandyk?
The beneficial properties of kandyk bulbs could not fail to be noticed by traditional medicine.
They contain antispasmodics and alcohols. With the help of fresh kandyk bulbs, seizures, including epileptic seizures, are relieved. The leaves are endowed with a general strengthening effect, fight aging, they are used to prevent impotence. In addition, the leaves are rich in enzymes, dietary fiber, minerals and vitamins.A decoction of kandyk leaves is used to rinse the hair to strengthen the hair follicles.
Home care
Despite its exotic origin and unusual appearance, Thomson's Clerodendrum does not require special care at home.
This plant is hardy and resistant to negative factors. To grow and bloom a flower requires conditions as close as possible to natural conditions, which means it needs:
- bright sunlight (we place the plant on the windowsill from the south or southeast side);
- air temperature in summer - 20-25 degrees, in winter - 10-15;
- high air humidity (supported by spraying);
- do not leave the plant near heating appliances in winter.
Clerodendrome is required to have an annual transplant and regular watering. Sand must certainly be present in the composition of the earth.
Note: The forced rest period of Clerodendrum Thompson is from October to March. Since mid-spring, the plant needs additional fertilizing with special complex fertilizers .. Read more about caring for Clerodendrum here.
Read more about caring for Clerodendrum here.
Clerodendrum, although it belongs to ornamental deciduous plants, boasts beautiful flowers.
If you want to replenish your collection with decorative blooming flowers, pay attention to our articles about Azalea, Akalifa, Acacia, Anthurium, Balsam, Begonia, Verbena, Gardenia, Gerbera, Hibiscus, Wisteria, Gloxinia, Hortensia and Clivia
Pruning
Adult clerodendrum plants need to be pruned regularly. This will help not only maintain the beautiful shape of the plant, but also contribute to the abundant flowering.
The most preferable time for this procedure is spring, the period before full growth begins. Stems are formed by one third.
Young plants cannot be formed. Occasionally, the edges of the stems are cut off from them. This procedure increases branching.
Using pruning, you can get a decorative standard tree or an amazing branchy bush.
Watering
When watering this plant, do not overfill the soil. In this case, the root system can rot. Wait for the top of the earth to dry slightly before watering again.
However, the plant does not tolerate drought, especially during the period of active growth. In winter, watering is reduced to a minimum. It is necessary to take the water settled, soft, without any chemical impurities.
Important! This representative of the flora needs frequent spraying. But if the vine has partially or completely dropped its leaves during the dormant period, then spraying should be stopped.
Landing
Clerodendrum prefers nutritious, slightly acidic soils. The plant grows best at 4.9-6.6 pH. For planting, use purchased soil for home flowers. You can take soil for roses and mix it with soil for violets or azaleas.
If you make the substrate yourself, you need sod and mineral leaf land. A small amount of humus, peat and fine-grained sea sand is added to it. There must be small drainage holes in the bottom of the pot.
Pebbles, shells or small sea stones are poured at the bottom. Cover the drain with a small layer of earth. A plant is placed in the center. Cover with soil and water abundantly.
Transfer
The plant can be transplanted in early spring, before it begins to actively grow. The new pot should be deeper and larger in diameter than the previous one.
Young specimens are transplanted every year as the root system fills the container. Adults - once every 2-3 years. To fortify the soil and increase its nutritional value, you can replace the top layer, well, and do not forget about fertilizers.
In the autumn period, feeding should be reduced to a minimum. In winter, during the dormant period, clerodendrum is not fed.
Temperature
The most optimal temperature for flower growth in the summer is 19-24 ° C. In winter, he needs a cooler room (14-16 ° C).
At this time, he begins a dormant period and begins dropping leaves. If you do not follow these wintering conditions, the plant will not bloom.
Important! You can not install a flower next to radiators and other heating devices. The dry air can make the plant very sick.
Lighting
The flower loves bright natural light. Optimum illumination 2900-4000 lux. When the sun is too bright, the liana is shaded by other plants. With a lack of light, bud formation may slow down, and the leaves may begin to turn yellow.
Different plants require different growing conditions. You can choose those of them that suit the conditions of your house or apartment, if you familiarize yourself with our materials from the sections on decorative deciduous, decorative flowering, cacti, bulbous, palms and succulents.
