Growing Turkish carnations (32 photos): planting with seeds and care in the open field for a garden perennial carnation. What to do if faded

Turkish carnation in landscape design

It is very beneficial to make a rabatka from the plantings of a Turkish carnation - this lush plant spreads out with a thick umbrella and hides the soil well under it. Such a flower bed can contain both varieties of the same flower petals, and a combination of burgundy, red, pink, purple, white varieties.

To use the Turkish carnation in landscaping, it is not necessary to reproduce the flower only in the open field. These perennials grow and thrive in pots and ornamental urns that adorn the terraces or porch of your country house.

If you dreamed of stealing your flower garden with an elegant and unpretentious flower, your choice should fall on the perennial Turkish carnation. Growing a plant is not a big deal, and flowers will delight you with their appearance for a long time without frequent transplants.

Main types

There are a lot of them. Let's consider the most popular and famous ones. All of them are attractive in their own way, and are an adornment of any flower bed.

Chinese

The plant is perennial. Its height ranges from 15 cm to half a meter.
Stems are knotty, linear leaves are dark green, curled.
Flowers of this species are located at the top of the stem singly. There are white, burgundy, pink shades, you can see various two-tone options. The sizes of flowers are different, the more there are on the bush, the smaller they are.
The shape of the edges of the petals is rugged. A distinctive feature is a light edging along the edge of the petals.
Flowering begins in early June and ends at the end of July, sometimes lasts until mid-August.
Varieties: Paifait, Black & White, Imperial, Snezhana, Telstar.

Undersized

It is a creeping plant or small bush. The height is only from 10 to 15 cm.The diameter of the flowers is no more than 1.5 cm.
You can plant it directly in open ground in the second half of May. Up to 50 seeds are sown per 1 m2. You can also grow in seedlings, after the appearance of 3 - 4 leaves, the sprouts are planted in a pre-prepared place.
Such varieties are known as the Red Flower (Turkish selection) with bright red inflorescences of a rich tone and Shrub Carnation, which is a perennial plant with flowers of various colors from white to bright pink. The petals on the flowers have a double structure.
Deltoid, which is also called a herb, as it is sown like ordinary grass, but does not spread like a feathery carnation, can also be attributed to the undersized.

Plumose

Perennial. The stem is straight, several flowers are formed on it during the flowering period.
The height is about 40 cm. The homeland of this species is the Central and Southern part of Russia.
In the first year, only a strong stem grows, in the second year you can already see a lush and bright flowering, the flowers have a pleasant aroma.
The buds appear in early June and flowering lasts at least 4 weeks.
Famous varieties: Balaton, Terry carpet mix, Fabulous patterns, Pleiade.

Terry

The plant is perennial, forms a dense turf, consisting of numerous shoots.
Leaves are linear, have a dark green color with a bluish tinge.
The structure of the peduncles is geniculate, with few leaves. Their height is 30 - 50 cm. The flowers are fragrant, up to 3 cm in diameter. Petals with jagged edges, fringed.
Today you can find a lot of garden forms and varieties of terry carnations. Among them: Scottish, Remontant, dwarf terry carnation Lillipot Mix - a miniature variety 25 cm tall with abundant flowering, which lasts the entire summer season.

Also, terry varieties can be found in species such as Turkish, Chinese garden carnations. In addition to the above, the species Shabo and the Dutch carnation, which appeared thanks to the work of breeders, are especially popular, and Polevaya, Alpine (Lush) are also known.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

In landscape design, Turkish carnation is used quite often. The ease of caring for this flower, combined with its incredible beauty, plays a big role in this. Use cloves to create spectacular borders. Can carnations in landscape design and play the role of a lawn and serve as ground cover plants. Bright caps between the tiles of the sidewalks, framed by the steps, and decorate the retaining walls will look great.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

This flower is often used to decorate alpine slides. In addition to colorful flower beds, you can diversify your landscape design with original monochromatic duets, for example, in a combination of red carnations with blood-red geraniums.

In addition, this flower can be planted in pots and decorate terraces and rooms with small flower beds.

This flower also looks great when cut in bouquets, both as a solo plant and in combination with other flowers.

It all depends only on your imagination. And if you do not have enough inspiration - look at the photos with these beautiful flowers, perhaps they will help determine the best place for carnations in the flower garden.

The Turkish carnation is one of the most unpretentious garden flowers to care for, which pleases anyone, even the most capricious grower, with its bright saturated beauty.

Other types

Amur carnation (Dianthua amurensis Jacq.) It is found in the Far East, in Primorye and Priamurye, where it grows on dry open slopes, pebbles and forest edges. Perennial with gray-green foliage Peduncle height up to 55 cm, usually 25-30. Stems are numerous, branched, ascending, leaves are linear. Flowers up to 4 cm in diameter, 1-3 at the ends of the branches, pale lilac-pink, with a dark ring in the center. Blooms from mid-June for more than one and a half months. Looks good on slides and even lawns.

Cretaceous carnation (Dianthus cretaceus Adam.). Grows in the Caucasus (Transcaucasia and the Greater Caucasus) in alpine and subalpine meadows. Perennial with leaf rosette. Stems are numerous, with single flowers on the tops and lateral branches, 20-25cm high. The flowers are white with a pleasant scent. Propagated by seeds, which ripen in the second half of July and early August.

Carnation bearded, Turkish carnation (Dianthus barbatus L.) One of the oldest flowering plants. Homeland - Southern Europe. Usually bred as a biennial, although the plant is perennial. The leaves are large, the stems are erect, numerous flowers on very short pedicels form a corymbose inflorescence with a large number (from 15 to 40) flowers. Flowers in wild forms of different shades of red, less often white with a faint odor. Numerous varieties have a variety of colors, there are double ones. Duration of flowering of an individual flower is 3-4 days, in cut it costs 7-8 days. Very demanding on the quality of the soil and light. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively - by cuttings, dividing the bush. In order for the species to grow like a perennial, in August young long shoots are covered with earth, leaving tips with 2-4 pairs of leaves on the surface. The height depends on the variety and ranges up to 65 cm.There are dwarf border varieties with a height of 15-20 cm.

Chinese carnation (Dianthus chinensis l.). It grows wildly in China and Korea, it was introduced into the culture a long time ago and has numerous varieties. Annual up to 30-45 cm tall with beautiful large flowers of various colors. The flowers are located at the ends of the branches in small bunches. Blooms from July to late autumn. Prefers light loamy soils and medium humidity. There are numerous hybrids in culture. There are spectacular hybrids with a bearded carnation.

Garden carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Wildly found in Southern Europe. Perennial with fragrant flowers. The leaves are glaucous, the stems are straight, branched in the upper part. Form a sprawling bush up to 60 cm tall. In culture, only hybrids.

The main line of hybrids "Shabo" with flowers of white, pink, red and purple shades. Terry flowers. Usually grown as a biennial.

"Grenadine" - a line of hybrids of greater height, flowers are single, fragrant, 3-4 cm in diameter. Flowering from mid-June 40 days. Biennials.

Hybrid carnation (Dianthus x hybrida). A huge group of varieties of complex origin. Basically, the results of crossing garden and pinnate carnations with other species. As a result, perennials with a height of no more than 30 cm were obtained with simple and double flowers, mainly white, pink and red in color and varying degrees of doubleness with a strong odor. Varieties are propagated by cuttings and dividing bushes.

Knapp carnation (Dianthus Knappii (Pant.) Ash & Karnitz ex Borbas) is the only wild carnation with yellow flowers. A perennial, almost half-shrub, forms a tall, disheveled bush. Inflorescences of two bunches of flowers at the top of the stem, surrounded by bracts. Flowers 2 cm in diameter. It blooms from the second half of June for 40-45 days. There are varieties.

Carnation carnation (Dianthus carthusianorum L.) Grows wild in Western and Central Europe. One of the oldest cultivated species. Evergreen perennial 50-70 cm tall, stems not branching. Flowers are dark pink or purple in capitate inflorescences of 6-14 pieces, surrounded by bracts. Blades of petals with sharp teeth, dark pink or purple. Blooms from June 55-65 days. Very unpretentious.

Carnation mound (Dianthus collinus) Grows wild in Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia. Semi-shrub with pubescent stems and leaves. The flowers are clustered at the ends of the branches in 2 loose bunches. The petals are deeply toothed, pink with dark spots. It blooms for 1.5-2 months from the beginning of July. Drought-resistant, winter-hardy. Height during flowering up to 80 cm.

About growing carnations - in the article Carnations: growing and reproduction.

Photo: Natalia Zamyatina, Rita Brilliantova, Maxim Minin

Possible pests and diseases of the Turkish clove

If you follow all the rules of care, and the growing conditions are normal, then the probability of plant disease is small, and insects very rarely harm the flower. However, troubles can still happen. But what can a Turkish carnation get sick with?

Diseases that can affect the plant:

Fusarium is a fungal disease that destroys the vascular system of plants. With this disease, the leaves of a carnation begin to turn yellow evenly, wither, but not fall off. The stem of plants becomes reddish or brown. The flowers of a carnation do not bloom completely or remain in the bud at all. The root part of the stem and the root system begin to rot. With this disease, the soil must be treated with a fungicidal preparation 2 times with an interval of two weeks, and diseased plants must be immediately destroyed.
Rust is a fungal disease. It affects the leaves, petioles and stems of the plant. Brown swellings with yellow spots appear in these areas. The stems begin to dry out and break. The disease is most often caused by high soil moisture, a large amount of nitrogen and a lack of potassium. Cloves must be treated with Bordeaux liquid, HOM solution.
Mottling is a disease that can appear in the spring. Spots appear on the leaves that do not have clear contours. The flowers of the plant are deformed. Currently, there is no cure for this disease, so diseased plants will have to be destroyed.

As for pests, most often the Turkish carnation is attacked by a bear and earwig, which damage the roots of the plant.Seedlings suffer most from these pests. In the summer, concentrated soap solution, which is poured into the aisles, can save you from the bear.

Garden turkish carnation

Description

This is a low-growing, spreading plant. The stems are divided into flowering and non-flowering, the first ones are higher and more branched, the second are more tall, narrow leaves. The five-petal flowers of this modification of the carnation are small, the color of the cultivated grass may depend on the species, it is diverse: all tones are scarlet, purple, azure, snow-white. At the base of each petal there is a dark line, repeating the sinuous shape of the edge of the petal, this makes the flower very beautiful.

A wild watch of dark scarlet color. The flower is called a "watch" for its habit of joining petals at sunset, in principle it is also covered in rain. Small seeds are in capsules, ripen in September. Herbal carnation blooms all summer and is undemanding to care for, in fact, for this reason, it is often used for decorating purposes.

In the natural environment, he prefers sunny and dry places, loves areas of the suboceanic climate. Wild grass can be found in the European part of Russia in zones with a mild climate, in some regions of Siberia. She creates rich thickets that attract bees with her personal gentle sweet scent.

According to legend, Louis IX, who was later classified as a saint, with the help of a herb carnation, cured his warriors-godparents of the plague during the siege of the city of Tunisia. This was during the last Crusade, in 1270. It is worth noting that the king himself died of the same disease.

Landing in open ground: what you need to know?

Many gardeners are interested in the question: when to plant a carnation in open ground? Are there any difficulties here?

Planting carnations in open ground should be in late May or early June. A distance of about 20 centimeters is maintained between the bushes.

Most plant species love sunny areas, but they can live in partial shade. If you plant a carnation in the sun, it will be compact, its flowers will be brighter in color, but it will bloom less.

The soil on the site should be neutral or slightly alkaline. Fertilizers should be in moderation. Watering should be organized in moderation, so it is impossible for the soil to be too moisture-permeable, groundwater close to the surface is also unacceptable.

As for caring for a plant in open ground, it is necessary to constantly remove weeds, prevent drying out or abundant moisture in the soil, apply humus or complex mineral fertilizer during growth and flowering. Stunted flowers need to be cut, leaving a stem up to 12 centimeters in size. If the carnation has a thin and long stem, it is tied to a support.

Popular varieties of cloves:

a feathery carnation, characteristic of the European part of Russia, with a bush height of up to 15 cm and flowers of white or lilac color, the flower is renewed every 3 years;
Chinese carnation, most commonly grown as an annual. Gives very lush and beautiful flowers;
bearded carnation (Turkish) - biennial, frost-tolerant, able to grow both in the sun and in the shade, ideal for cutting. The flowers are double and fragrant;
carnation grass with small and simple flowers, with a stem up to 40 centimeters, flowering begins in mid-summer and ends in early autumn. It tolerates frost perfectly (lives without shelter under conditions up to -40 degrees);
Carnation Shabo is a biennial with large flowers. Mainly grown for cutting.

Growing carnations at home is not a problem. This plant is a good choice, both for decorating a flower bed and for transforming a home environment. A variety of types of carnations will allow you to find something just for yourself, especially since the flower is unpretentious and does not require the creation of difficult conditions.

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How to plant?

Having chosen and prepared a suitable place, it is permissible to proceed to direct landing. This procedure largely depends on the specific variety of plants selected. Seedling carnations usually move into open ground in the form of seedlings in early May. If we are talking about annual varieties, then they can be sown in the form of seeds.

The process of planting carnations consists of several stages.

If you are sowing seeds in open ground, then this should be done in May, when the ground finally thaws and the danger of frost has passed.
Small grooves must be made on the bed prepared in advance. Depth up to 0.3 cm is sufficient.
Next, they need to be thoroughly moistened.
If, when cultivating the land, no fertilizing was added to it, then they must be added during planting. It is better to use complex mineral formulations, but fresh manure will not work.
Now you can sow the seeds carefully. It is not worth sowing them too thickly.
Sprinkle soil over the grooves.
Seedlings will appear in 2-3 weeks. They will be very fragile and vulnerable, they will need competent care, compulsory shelter for the winter.
If you are planting grown seedlings, then in the garden you will need to make small holes for planting. There should be about 20 cm between the seedlings, as well as between the beds.
Before planting, it is required to lay out a drainage layer in the holes, especially if you are planting representatives of perennial varieties. Carnations do not tolerate moisture stagnation at the rhizomes. In the role of drainage, it is allowed to use gravel or small pebbles.
Carnations planted this way will bloom the same year.

How to take care of it properly?

Carnation Shabo is a hardy perennial, but it is not easy to grow it, because, like any plant, it requires attention and care. Only with proper care will it delight you with lush and long flowering. Therefore, beginners should familiarize themselves with the step-by-step instructions, which describe the rules for caring for this beauty.

Watering

Watering should be abundant and systematic. If it's a dry summer outside, you can water your carnation twice a week. If it rains periodically, the number of waterings can be reduced to one. And if it is inclement rainy weather, the plant need not be watered at all. Moistened soil should be loosened immediately. This will protect the roots from oxygen starvation, and the plant will grow strong and healthy.

Top dressing

A week after planting in open ground, the plant must be fed with nitrogen fertilizer (15 g per 1 sq. M). When the first ovary appears, mineral fertilizing is introduced - a mixture of ammonium nitrate and potassium sulfate (15 g per 1 sq. M).

Fertilizers

To maintain flowering and the formation of new buds, complex mineral fertilizers should be applied every three weeks.

Transfer

To transplant a plant from the soil into a pot, you should carefully dig it up, place it with an earthen clod in a pot or flowerpot and take it home. The Shabo carnation can also be located on an insulated veranda, terrace or loggia. It is allowed to leave it on the glazed balconies. It is not recommended to put it in the basement - this light-loving plant may not survive wintering in complete darkness. Every two years, the plant is transplanted to another place, otherwise the flowering stops.

Preparing for winter

If it is supposed to leave the plant for wintering in the open field, the gardener will have to perform a number of simple operations. When the carnation has faded, you should cut the bushes by a third and at the same time remove the faded buds.The shoots must be carefully tilted and sprinkled with a layer of soil (about 20 cm). From above, cover the cloves with a layer of straw or hay 50 cm thick. Such a “blanket” will help the plant survive the winter cold. It is removed in the spring after the snow melts. And when the frosts pass, you can free the shoots themselves. The bushes should be carefully examined and any damaged shoots should be removed.

The Shabo carnation is not an easy crop to grow. But the time and financial costs will not be in vain: the beauty of the plant, its lush flowers and exquisite aroma will make you forget about all the twists and turns.