Popular types and varieties of spathiphyllum

Description of varieties of spathiphyllum for breeding

In nature, there are about 45 varieties of "White Sails". Some of them take root well on the windowsills of apartments, others can be used to decorate a summer cottage or a house plot. Some species enjoy special love "among the people". Let's list some of them.

Spathiphyllum "Sensation"

This variety is one of the most common. It does not require special conditions of detention, tolerates moderate lighting well, feels great on the windowsill of the "northern" window. A popular hybrid variety was bred by Dutch breeders specifically for decorating the interior of living quarters.

An indoor flower can reach one meter. Leaves grow up to 80 centimeters. They are located on elongated petioles. As the leaf grows, it bends slightly under its weight. Its dark green corrugated edges look very pretty. When "Sensation" begins to bloom, a long peduncle appears, topped with an inflorescence. As it blooms, the pale green leaf of spathiphyllum gradually darkens, and then almost merges with the leaves.

"Cupido"

This variety was created specifically to serve as a decoration for the room. It reaches a height of 50 centimeters. Wide leaf plates have a rich green color, they are located on tall thick petioles.

During the flowering period, up to ten peduncles can bloom at the same time. A yellow ear surrounded by a snow-white, pointed at the end of the bedspread looks very effective.

"Alana"

This decorative variety is widely used in the design of offices, housing, verandas and loggias. She has no stem. Reaches a height of 50 centimeters.

Glossy dense leaves are directed upwards. The ear of the inflorescence covers the white leaf of the flower, on the inside of which there is a raised green vein. Gradually, the bract inside changes its color to green. Alana blooms usually in April for 3-4 weeks. With proper care, the plant will produce flower stalks twice a year.

Chopin

This variety is unpretentious. It not only serves to decorate an office or living space, but also perfectly purify the air in the room. This species was brought to the territory of Europe from South America. There he grew along the banks of forest reservoirs. The shrub is low. He practically lacks a stem. It seems that the leaf mass begins to grow directly from the soil.

The dense leaves are oval with a slightly pointed top. The short peduncle ends in a white veil flower that emits a delicate aroma. This type does not require special conditions of detention, therefore it is widely used as a "green decoration" of premises.

Wallis

The flower got its name in honor of Gustav Wallis, who was the first to discover spathiphyllum bushes in tropical forests. Breeders use it to develop new ornamental varieties. Plant height does not exceed 40 centimeters. Long, pointed at the ends of the leaves are located on high petioles.

This species blooms from early spring to late autumn. During this period, the green bush is covered with numerous flowers, the size of each of them does not exceed five centimeters. White "bedspreads" gradually change their color to a green tint. The white ear of the flower is smooth. In the process of maturation, it acquires a creamy color, which turns into green at the very end of flowering.

About the author: Vladimir Petrovich Efremov

Chief agronomist of the Limited Liability Company "Association of Peasant (Farming) Farms" Kuznetsovskaya "", Ilovlinsky District, Volgograd Region.

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Below are photos and names of the most famous phalaenopsis species.

Phalaenopsis is pleasant

Filipino species Phalaenopsis pleasant (Phalaenopsis amabilis). Leaves are elliptical, oblong, up to fifteen inches long and three and a half inches wide, evenly dark green above and purple below. Inflorescence up to a meter long, arcuate, simple or branched, green with a purple spot, with numerous flowers. Sepals and petals are white, often with a delicate tide, dorsal sepals are oblong, lateral sepals are ovate-falcate. The petals are rhomboid with a narrowed claw, about twice as wide as the sepals. The three-petal lip is colored yellow and marked purple at the base and along the base of the side petals.

Phalaenopsis equestris

Phalaenopsis equestris, a species native to the northern islands of the Philippines and southern Taiwan. Mature plants have a leaf length of 6-10 inches. Inflorescences are long, straight, curved, often branched on larger plants. There are 4-30 flowers on the inflorescence. The inflorescences bloom in half sequentially, the ends of the inflorescences continuing to grow and bloom for months or years. Phalaenopsis equestris produces many cakes (kidneys) from the base of the plant and the nodes along the inflorescences or the top of the inflorescence. Cakes can form large, dense plant specimens. The flower color is white or light pink. The plant will flower better at intermediate temperatures, loves warmth and moisture. In winter months it may miss flowering, instead of producing inflorescences, forms cakes. Popular cultivar Phalaenopsis equestris Graz.

Phalaenopsis Schiller

Phalaenopsis Schiller is a native of the Philippines, on the island of Luzon south of Quezon City and on the eastern coasts of nearby islands. Grows high on tree branches in tropical forests, at an altitude of 0-457 m.

A large, fast-growing epiphytic plant with thick, short stems entwined with compound leaves, bearing fleshy, elliptical, oblong-elliptical, obtuse leaves. Leaves 15-46 cm long, dull, dark green with grayish-white marble on the upper side and purple spots on the lower.

Phalaenopsis Schiller blooms in spring on a branched peduncle, more than 90 cm long, inflorescences from 3 to 250, delicate, fragrant flowers. Flowers 8-9 cm in diameter. The inner frills are wide, with a delicate texture; the petals can be white, pale pink, lilac-pink or deep pink-purple with white edges. The lip has the shape of an anchor, the lateral areas in crimson color have carmine dots. Flowers vary in color and shape.

Phalaenopsis Sandera

Phalaenopsis sanderiana - species from the Philippines, grows at sea level up to 450 meters. The species was discovered in 1882 by Robelin, sent the plant to Sander, a famous orchid collector, who gave the species its name. The graceful and slender flowers are about 8 cm in size, hanging in a cascade on an inflorescence 60 cm long.The color can vary from white to pinkwhite and pink with purple shade. It usually blooms from late spring to early summer.

Phalaenopsis Stewart

Phalaenopsis Stewart is from the Philippines. It is found in the north and northeast of Mindanao near Lake Mainit, in the provinces of Agusan and Surigao, in the Talakogon and Agusan valleys. Usually grows near water, close enough to the ocean. The height of natural habitats ranges from 0 to 1500 m.

Phalaenopsis Stewart, fast-growing epiphyte with short stems, elliptical-oblong, fleshy, obtuse leaves. Leaves 30-46 cm long, soft. The upper side is silvery gray, the bottom is crimson.

Phalaenopsis Stuart blooms in winter and spring on a peduncle up to 90 cm long, up to 100 weakly fragrant flowers are formed on the inflorescence. The flowers are usually 5-10 cm in diameter, the size varies, more flowers reduce the size. The flowers are durable, have wide petals with a delicate structure. Flowers from white to cream with a gray-yellow lip.The lower half of the inner curl and the tube-shaped petals have purple spots.

Popular varieties: Pico Chip, Nobilis, Sogo, hybrid phalaenopsis stuartiana var. Nobilis.

Home care

Seat selection

It is advisable to grow the plant on windows facing the north, east or west side. Spathiphyllum Sweet needs good lighting, but not in direct sunlight.

What should be the soil?

The flower prefers loose, nutritious soil with a neutral pH. To prepare the soil, mix the following components in equal proportions:

• peat;
• humus;
• river sand;
• leafy and sod land.

Landing

Planting events are carried out in late February - early March.

Procedure:

1. Lay drainage at the bottom of the container and cover with nutritious soil.
2. Scatter the planting material in the form of seeds over the surface of the earth, deepening a little.
3. Spray the soil with water from a spray bottle, cover the planting with polyethylene.
4. Take off the shelter every day for ventilation.
5. The first shoots are formed after 10 days, then remove the film, and rearrange the container to the illuminated place.
6. As soon as 2-3 leaves are formed, make a pick.

Temperature

In summer, during the flowering of the spathiphyllum suite, temperature indicators should be 22-24 degrees Celsius, and in winter - 16-17 degrees.

If the temperature drops to 13 degrees, the flower will slow down.

Watering

Use only settled water for humidification. The flower prefers abundant watering, which should be done 2-3 times a week. Pour water gently so that it only hits the soil.

It is also important to spray, otherwise the leaves will begin to dry. You need to do this 2 times a day.

In winter, moisten the soil once a week.

Top dressing

Apply nutrient formulations from March to September. Mineral complex preparations are used. The solution should be weakly concentrated - 1 g per 1 liter of water. Water the flower thoroughly before and after this procedure.

Apply top dressing every 2 weeks. For good and long-term flowering, use fertilizers with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus.

Pruning

After flowering, be sure to cut the peduncle, otherwise it will absorb nutrients. Carry out pruning as close to the rhizome as possible. Dry and diseased leaves of the culture are also subject to removal. Treat all cut sites with crushed coal.

Transfer

Similar events are held in the spring, when the rhizome has grown over the entire pot. Since the roots are fragile, then use the transshipment method, removing only a small part of the soil from the root system. If the rhizome begins to rot, then clean it up.

Take the pot a little larger than the previous one, be sure to take care of the drainage. During the rooting period, reduce watering, and also cover the flower with polyethylene and air it 2 times a day.

Subsort of this species

Compact

Spathiphyllum compacta has a single color of leaves. Its leaf does not have a longitudinal vein in the center, which stands out in a lighter tone against the background of a bright green leaf. The compacta blooms profusely, three large white flowers with a pointed end bloom at the same time (you can learn about white spathiphyllums and the peculiarities of their cultivation here).

Variegated

This rare variety of spathiphyllum is also called adorable. The flower reaches a height of 40-60 cm. The leaves are wide, large, in the center have a light longitudinal vein. "Spathiphyllum variegated" is distinguished by its aroma, which manifests itself in the morning.

Dominoes

The "variegated spathiphyllum" variety includes the "domino" variety. A distinctive feature of this variety is randomly located spots and stripes over the entire surface of the leaf. This gives the flower a variegated decorative effect.

Picasso

The "Picasso" variety differs from other varieties by the presence of large white spots on the leaf blades. The flower itself is white in the shape of a sail.

Dahlia classification

It is difficult to navigate in a huge number of varieties, so growers divide them into groups.For classification, characteristics are used: the size and shape of the inflorescence, the height of the bush.

Grouping by inflorescence size

All types of dahlias are divided into 5 groups according to the diameter of the inflorescences. The smallest baskets do not exceed 10 cm, and the largest ones reach 30 cm.

Giant

The size of the baskets is 25 cm and more. Care for these species is special. In order for the inflorescences to reach the required size, lateral shoots and lower leaves are removed from the leaf sinuses.

Large

Large-flowered dahlias, such as Dana, Vancouver, Kelvin, are characterized by an average height of the bush (1-1.2 m) and large baskets with a diameter of 20.3-25.4 cm.

Average

Varieties with baskets from 15 to 20 cm belong to the group of medium-sized inflorescences. They are in great demand among flower growers. They are planted in 1 or 2 rows, forming a hedge, they are covered with nondescript garden structures and fences. For the new collection, you can purchase varieties:

• Lucky;
• Edinburgh;
• Akita;
• Madame Peak.

Small

Unpretentious varieties with small baskets 10-15 cm are no less relevant. There are excellent small dahlias of domestic and Dutch selection on sale. They are not inferior in beauty to large-flowered dahlias.

Miniature

Mini dahlias are adorable. They are used to decorate balconies, loggias, terraces. Compact bushes, covered with small baskets (less than 10 cm), beautifully frame garden paths and flower beds. The Vancouver variety with miniature inflorescences is popular among flower growers.

Grouping by height

Classification of varieties according to the height of the bush is very important for flower growers. Professionals to create a flower garden make accurate calculations, build drawings. Lovers proceed from the varietal characteristics and the recommended planting scheme.

Tall curbs

Tall dahlias with bushes above 1.2 m are planted in mixborders, rabatki, tapeworms. They are planted in the center of the flower bed, near the hedge. This group of plants requires support during flowering.

Medium curb

Medium-sized varieties include dahlia varieties with bushes 0.8-1 m high.The most popular varieties of this group are:

• Calvin Floodlight with large (30 cm) yellow baskets;
• Genova, its inflorescences (15 cm) are painted in lavender color;
• Abundantly blooming Yellow Jill with brown-red baskets (15 cm).

Stunted curb

Low bushes up to 60 cm high and dwarf dahlias (20-40 cm) are grown in flower beds and in containers. The Dutch variety series Gallery is represented by 19 dwarf varieties with double baskets of yellow, lilac, salmon colors. The series deserve attention:

• Melody;
• Mignon;

Flower beds

Low-growing species are planted along the edge of the flower beds: pompom and annual, propagating by seeds. Summer residents plant old popular varieties on flower beds, such as Merry Guys. New items with double and semi-double inflorescences of different shades are suitable for a collection flower bed:

• Claire de Luna;
• Myrtle Folly;
• Table Dancer.

Lilliputians

The Liliput Dahilas group unites low-growing varieties, in which the height of the stems does not exceed 30 cm. The flowers of this group of dahlias have different shapes. Lilliputian varieties are popular with gardeners. Compact bushes decorate the borders of park paths, rabatok, flower beds.

Diseases and pests

Alan's spathiphyllum is quite resistant to diseases, but among the pests that infect this plant, the following are distinguished:

• Spider mite. Located on the inside of the leaves. To eliminate the pest, a soap solution is used, after clearing the leaves from the cobwebs. In addition, you can use onion broth, for the preparation of which they take 100 g of raw materials and 5 liters of water.
• Aphid. It is located on the inside of the leaves, which causes them to dry and curl. To combat, a solution of nicotine sulfate is used (1 g of the product per 1000 ml of water).
• Shield. Covers foliage with dark spots. The culture is treated with soapy water, adding tobacco and kerosene.

Occasionally, the plant is affected by viral and bacterial diseases. In case of severe damage, the flower is discarded.

Alana's spathiphyllum is a well-known decorative type of flower, distinguished by its attractive appearance and unpretentious care. Occasionally, a plant is affected by diseases and pests, which can be prevented by observing all the rules of agricultural technology.

Home care

Before starting a vine at home, novice flower growers wonder whether syngonium is poisonous or not. The answer to this question is unambiguous - the plant really has a certain degree of toxicity, therefore, when working with it, you need to take care of the means of protection for the skin of the hands. In addition, care must be taken to ensure that pets and small children do not have access to the flower and do not eat it.

On specialized forums, experienced florists leave their reviews about this evergreen perennial and share the secrets of how to properly care for it. There is almost unanimous opinion that caring for a vine is not difficult if you know how to do it correctly.

Site selection and lighting

Since the vine grows in natural conditions in the shade of the forest, the most favorable place in your house will be a window facing the east or west side for it. In summer, the plant can be rearranged to the north side. But the southern windows are completely unsuitable for syngonium - here the plant will be overdried, and too bright sun exposure will discolor the color of the leaves.

Temperature

The best temperature regime for keeping a flower can be considered the range from 20 to 25 degrees in the spring-summer period and at least 16-17 degrees in the winter season. You can correct the temperature background by frequently spraying the air around the vine and its foliage itself, as well as placing the plant pot on a pallet with moistened expanded clay.

Watering and fertilizing

For watering the plant, you should use water that has settled at room temperature, you can also spray the plant with the same water. Despite the fact that the vine loves moisture, watering it should be moderate. Watering is necessary when the topsoil dries up. Excessive moisture and sour soil, as well as lack of water, can destroy syngonium. In spring and summer, the plant should be watered abundantly, and excess water from the sump should be removed immediately. In the autumn-winter period, watering must be reduced.

It is advisable to apply fertilizers during watering in spring and summer to enhance the growth of vines. In winter, the plant has a dormant period, so there is no need to feed it. Fertilizers are applied any (but not containing calcium) at intervals of 1-2 times during each month. After rooting, young plants begin to feed only 1-2 months after planting.

Transfer

Evergreen liana requires loose and light soil for unhindered access of air and water to the root system. The composition of the soil for syngonium includes peat, leaf humus, coarse river sand, moss and turf. All components are taken in equal amounts and mixed. When transplanting, a drainage layer is placed on the bottom of the pot. In addition, a vertical support must be immediately installed in the container and only then the plant is planted.

Usually the vine tolerates the transplant well, but at the same time it is best not to disturb the earthen lump - it is only necessary to remove the dead or damaged roots. After you have planted the plant, it must be watered abundantly with water.

Garter

Tying up a fast-growing plant is necessary to give it a decorative look. As a rule, the garter is carried out around the vertical support installed in the pot. For this, a special floristic wire is used. It is necessary to carefully adjoin the plant to the support so as not to damage its shoots and leaves. Sometimes, instead of a garter, the plant is simply braided around the support, directing its growth in the right direction.

How to pinch?

In order for your syngonium to look beautiful, it is necessary to regularly form the crown. This can be done by pinching.Its essence lies in the fact that each young shoot must be pinched at the level of 5 or 6 leaves. Sometimes pruning is used to form a compact bush. In this case, the grown shoots are shortened to the required length, and the cut material is rooted and again planted in a pot to the main plant.

Bloom

It very rarely happens that the syngonium blooms. Its inflorescence looks like a small ear surrounded by a pale green veil. After a while, the color of the bedspread becomes pinkish. The life of a flower is very short and is only 3 days.

According to gardeners' reviews, syngoniums look especially good at a young age, so it is advisable to periodically update the plant by propagating it by cuttings. Liana can stretch out from a lack of light - in this case, plant renewal is also necessary in order to preserve the decorative effect of your flower.

How to propagate?

Cuttings

It should be carried out in the spring or summer. Procedure:

1. Cut off the leaf rosette and place in water. You can use raw sand. Wait for the roots to form.
2. If they are already formed, then you can carry out direct planting in the ground.

By dividing the bush

It is better to divide the spathiphyllum bush in the spring. The separated part of the plant should have 3 strong leaf rosettes and part of a healthy rhizome.

Deepen the strips to the same depth as in the previous pot. Before dividing, saturate the roots with water, wash them and untangle them. Then clean and powder the sections with crushed charcoal.

Seeds

Procedure:

1. Planting material in a container with wet soil, which consists of sand, peat. Cover the seedlings with plastic.
2. Maintain soil moisture by spraying.
3. Open the film every day, no seedlings are formed.
4. Place them in separate containers when 2-3 leaves are formed.

Lily - description, structure, characteristics. What does a lily look like?

Lilies have a bulb, which is a shortened stem and consists of separate, adjacent scales, which are modified leaves. During the growing season, nutrient reserves are deposited in them. Scales are different in size, shape, location. In summer, they grow from the center of the bulb. The outer scales die off periodically. Depending on the species, they are the size of a grain of oat (in the oat lily (L. avenaceum)), and they are up to 10 cm in diameter (in the Henry lily (L. Henryi)). Usually the number of scales is 8-40 pcs., But sometimes there can be 100-120 pcs., As, for example, in the bulb of Kesselring's lily (L.

From the base of the bottom of the bulb, the main or sub-bulbous roots grow, for the most part perennial. With their help, the plant is kept in the ground and feeds. These types include pure white lily (L. candidum), tiled lily (L. testaceum), etc.

Most lilies have stem or supra-bulbous roots. They grow from a short underground part of the stem and serve to nourish and absorb moisture from the surface layer of the soil, and also help keep the stem upright. Such roots die off in the fall along with the stem. This group of lilies is called stem-root. Its representatives are Lily regale (L. regale), lily Henry (L. Henryi), special lily (L. Speciosum), etc.

The stem of the lily is smooth, sometimes pubescent, brownish or green in color. Its height can reach 2 - 2.5 m in oriental lilies and their hybrids, and in some wild species only 15-20 cm.

The stem is covered with sessile leaves. Their placement and shape are different depending on the type of plant. Lily leaves can be whorled on the stem, i.e. several leaves depart from one node, as, for example, in the curly lily (L. martagon), and alternately, that is, one at a time, like in the drooping lily (L. cernuum). Often these two forms can be combined: at the bottom of the whorl, and to the top of the leaflets are located in a spiral. The leaves are linear or lanceolate with longitudinal venation. Their width ranges from 2 to 6 cm, and their length from 2 to 20 cm.Usually, the leaves are larger in the lower part of the plant, and decrease towards the top. The color of the lily leaves is varied: from light green to dark purple. Their surface can be glossy or pubescent. In many species of lilies, mini-bulbs, called bulbs, are formed in the axils of the leaves, for example, in the lanceolate lily (L. lancifolium). When they hit the ground, they sprout.

Photo by: Nadiatalent, Public Domain

The main specific features of lilies are the shape, color and size of their flowers. The size of the flower is determined by its diameter and height. The smallest flowers in wild lilies - from 2 cm in diameter, the largest - in golden (L. auratum), beautiful (L. speciosum) lilies and their hybrids - up to 30 cm.

Lily flowers are collected at the top of the stem in inflorescences, numbering from 5 to 35 or more flowers. Occasionally there are 1-2 flowers. The types of inflorescences can be as follows:

• racemose
• paniculate,
• umbrella,
• corymbose.

The lily flower consists of 6 petals, 6 stamens with large elongated anthers and a pistil. In shape, flowers are:

• tubular,
• cupped (or goblet),
• funnel-shaped,
• star-shaped (star-shaped),
• turbid,
• bell-shaped,
• flat.

In addition, as a result of crossing different types of lilies, many hybrids have appeared, in which the shape of the flower is a mixture of classical forms, for example, star-shaped flat.

The color of the petals of a lily flower can be very diverse, and as a result of hybridization, the color palette has expanded even more. Lilies come in yellow, orange, red, pink, lilac, apricot and intermediate tones. There are distinct specks on the petals, differing in number, color, size, shape and density of placement. Hybrids have been bred that do not have specks, for example, Connecticut Meid, elegant lily (Narjadnaja). Specks are varietal traits of the genus, as is the color of anthers, pollen, filaments, pistil and stigma.

Some types of lilies, such as long-flowered and oriental lilies, have a pleasant aroma, most tubular lilies smell harsh, and many Asiatic ones do not smell at all.