Main types and varieties with photos and names
Among gardeners, Gaillardia varieties, which are both perennial and annual, are very popular.
Gaillardia beautiful (Gaillardia pulchella)
Gaillardia beautiful is most popular among flower growers among annual varieties. The bush of this flower grows sprawling. At the tops of thin and rather high peduncles there are inflorescence baskets, which in diameter can reach from 6 to 7 centimeters. The color of the reed petals is very effective. So, it changes from red-purple or pink-purple at the base to yellow at the tips of the petals. Tubular flowers have a very showy color, namely: brown-red. Such a plant has several fairly common varieties:
- Painted (pict) - has very large inflorescences that can be double or semi-double. Such inflorescences-baskets can be painted in different colors, namely: deep red or yellow-red (two-color).
- Lorenza - terry inflorescences-baskets have a very large spherical shape. These inflorescences include yellow-red or yellow tubular funnel-shaped flowers with a serrated limb.
The most popular varieties:
- Red Plume - the inflorescences-baskets of this variety are terry. They include tubular funnel-shaped flowers, they have a terracotta color.
- Yellow Plume - spherical terry baskets are composed of yellow tubular flowers.
Also, varieties such as Lolipups and Jayeti are quite popular in culture. But one-year-old Gaillardia dull-toothed (Gaillardia amblyodon) does not enjoy such a great love of gardeners.
Gaillardia spinous (Gaillardia aristata)
Gaillardia spinous is a perennial that is relatively popular with gardeners. The homeland of such a plant is North America. Straight shoots are bent at the bottom, and on the surface they have dense pubescence. The height of such a bush can vary from 30 to 75 centimeters. The shape of the leaf plates can be oval, oblong or lanceolate. They are whole-edged or toothed, and there is pubescence on their surface. Stem leaves are sessile, and basal leaves are petiolar. Single baskets reach 12 centimeters in diameter. They include variegated and very bright reed flowers, which are most often painted in yellow, orange or copper-red in various shades. The tubular flowers are purplish yellow. Flowering begins in June. It has been cultivated since 1812. Garden forms of this type are united by one name - large-flowered Gaillardia (Gaillardia grandiflora). The most popular varieties are:
- Mandarin - there are reed yellow-red flowers.
- Wirral Flame - there are reed red flowers with yellow edging.
- Dazzer - the tips of the reed flowers are yellow, and at the base they are dark red.
Gaillardia hybrid (Gaillardia hybrida)
This species was born due to the crossing of beautiful Gaillardia with other types of Gaillardia. Shoots reach a height of about 0.8 m. Flowering begins in June-August. Baskets-inflorescences can be semi-double, simple and double, and in their color there are predominantly yellow, red and brown color shades. The most popular varieties:
- Primavera is a short, compact bush in height can reach about 25 centimeters. In total, up to 8 peduncles can form from one rosette, on the tops of which there are large (about 12 centimeters in diameter) inflorescences.
- Arizona San - a dwarf bush in height can reach only 20 centimeters. It blooms very luxuriantly and for a long time from the beginning of the summer period to the very frost.
- Zonne - in height the bush reaches from 0.5 to 0.6 m. The color of the reed flowers is golden yellow, while the tubular ones are dark yellow.
Also, sometimes such a perennial species as Gaillardia lanceolata is cultivated.
Gaillardia - thousands of sunshine. Views. Care.
Diseases and pests
Pyramidal lilies often suffer from fusarium. This ailment is carried by fungal spores and insects. It gets to the flowering organism through the roots and develops actively. The disease can be recognized by decay of the root system, the appearance of yellow, brown spots and depressed ulcers. High temperatures and humidity levels are considered to be the cause of Fusarium disease.
And also to the common ailments of this representative of the flora include gray rot, which is manifested by brown spots, which subsequently merge together.
Sclerocial rot can be recognized by the appearance of colorless blotches and black spots on foliage. If these spots turn yellow, then we can talk about the appearance of lily rot.
Penicillosis leads to root rot and decay of the flowers of the culture. This bacterial disease, like fungal infections, can be eliminated with the help of fungicides. A good effect is observed when using substances with a formalin base.
In some cases, lilies can suffer from attacks from street parasites. Onion leaf beetles, potato scoops, and onion root mites can kill a flower. In the fight against parasites, you can use insecticides, as well as preparations based on ash, "Karbofos", "Keltan".
Each garden owner wants to make his site beautiful and well-groomed, so he tries to plant original plant species on it. The pyramidal lily is called the queen of flowers, and this title is well deserved. Few representative of the flora can compare with it in attractiveness and brightness.
For an overview of one of the varieties, see the next video.
Majestic lily tree: planting and care
To breed a luxurious culture on your site, you should familiarize yourself with the basic rules for growing this miracle flower. For example, the type of soil and the location of the plant affect its height. Flowering frequency - from top dressing. Successful development is associated with lighting, pruning and protection from the winter cold. Consider these important points carefully before planting and caring for a lily tree in the garden.
Choosing the right soil
When equipping a summer cottage, few people think about the type of soil that is under their feet
But when it comes to planting plants, you have to pay attention to it.
Practice shows that the lily tree loves soil with a neutral or slightly acidic composition. In addition, it must be:
- fertile;
- loose;
- well drained.
If necessary, gardeners correct the situation by introducing special fertilizers or drainage. They also plow the land deeply so that the plant takes root in a new territory.
The basis of life is a secure landing site
Settling on the ground, people chose areas where there was enough moisture, sunlight and heat. It never occurred to anyone to settle in the desert, although it is very spacious there. Similarly, the lily tree will not take root in an area where there are no main sources for its life.
Although the culture loves an abundance of light, direct sunlight hits the surface of the leaf plates. In addition, the lily does not tolerate drafts. Therefore, the flower is planted near buildings, fences or gazebos.
In the southern regions, it is advisable to grow the plant in areas that are exposed to direct sunlight for 6 hours.
For the successful care and planting of a tree lily, it is important to take into account the humidity of the site. If the groundwater is shallow, the ground will be constantly wet
Stagnation of water adversely affects the bulbs of the plant, which ultimately leads to its death. If such a problem is excluded, you can safely plant a luxurious flower.
Simple task - planting a lily tree
The plant's gigantic size suggests that its roots are deep in the ground. Therefore, for planting the bulbs, holes are dug, the width and depth of which should be at least 50 cm. In addition, the maximum distance between flowers is about 1 m. If this fact is ignored, adult plants will suffer from a lack of light and moisture.
The bottom of the holes is covered with drainage using the following materials:
- gravel;
- broken brick;
- a mixture of sand and small stones.
The prepared layer is covered with humus mixed with soil or compost. The wells are in this state for at least 7 days so that the soil can settle. When the period is over, the bulbs are planted in the traditional way and sprinkled with soil.
Planting a lily tree is best done in the fall. Depending on the region, this can be done in late September or early October.
To provide the bulbs with reliable wintering, the surface of the site is covered with fallen leaves or needles. If a little snow falls, gardeners additionally throw it on the place of planting flowers. In early spring, when the greenery appears, they carefully observe it in order to save it from frost.
Some summer residents propagate the giant lily using seeds that are harvested after the flowering period. Cylindrical bolls appear on the tops of the shoots. If they are not ripe due to weather conditions, they are carefully cut with a knife along with a piece of the shoot. Then placed in a dry place. As soon as they are ready, they are immediately sown, otherwise the material will lose germination.
Outdoor Growing and Care Secrets
Perennial Gaillardia belongs to unpretentious decorative crops. With minimal maintenance, the herbaceous shrub will bloom for a long time and brightly.
Requirements for soil and planting site
Outwardly, the Gaillardia flower resembles the sun. Accordingly, the plant loves active sunlight. A well-lit area is suitable for planting and growing crops. The presence of shade negatively affects the decorative qualities of the plant.
We do not recommend planting a crop in an area open to the wind. Draft and wind can break the thin stems of Gaillardia.
Author's advice
The flower loves a light, loose and fertile substrate. The ideal environment is a mixture of peat, perlite and a small amount of clay. The acidity level of the soil should be in the range of 5.8–6.4 pH.
Growing from seeds
Seeds are sown in February or at the very beginning of March. Large crop seeds are spread evenly over the surface of the pre-moistened substrate. The crops are sprinkled with a thin layer of vermiculite and covered with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect. The container with crops is moved to a warm and well-lit place, but the light should be diffused.
The flower can be grown from seed
Planting seedlings in the ground
After 7-15 days, the first shoots begin to break out of the ground. The sprouts are periodically ventilated and watered. Planting seedlings in open ground is performed in late August - early September. The site for planting is pre-fertilized. 1 m² of land requires a bucket of rotted compost, a handful of superphosphate and a little crushed wood ash.
When planting, a distance of 20-30 cm is maintained between the holes. At the end of the transplanting, the plot is watered. Towards the middle of autumn, the plants are sprinkled with peat and dry opal foliage.
Reproduction
Seed propagation is used mainly for growing annual crops. Perennials are most often propagated by vegetative methods.
The easiest option is to divide the mother bush. The procedure is carried out in early spring or autumn, when all the flower stalks will fade. The soil under the bush is abundantly moistened to soften the earthen lump. The dug out bush is divided into several equal parts. The planting of the obtained divisions is carried out immediately, otherwise the percentage of plant survival is significantly reduced.
Breeding scheme by dividing the bush
You can propagate the culture by root cuttings. The bushes that have reached the age of five dig in along the perimeter. The largest and healthiest-looking roots are separated, cut into several pieces and rooted in mini-greenhouses. Transplant into open ground is carried out the next year.
Watering and feeding
Gaillardia has a high drought tolerance threshold. However, with a lack of moisture in the soil, the flowering of the crop worsens. Young bushes are watered often and abundantly, adults moisturize as the upper layer of the substrate dries.
Flowers are fed with multicomponent mineral compositions. In the spring, preference is given to nitrogen-rich preparations. In the summer and at the end of flowering, the culture is fertilized with potash and phosphorus agents.
Pruning, garter
Tall varieties and hybrids need to be tied to supports. Thin stems can sag and fall off under the weight of the inflorescences.
Cropping of the culture is carried out at the end of flowering. Removal of faded buds is recommended during the growing season. Such manipulations make it possible to prolong the flowering of a herbaceous perennial.
It is better to cut off faded inflorescences immediately.
Perennial wintering
Gaillardia tolerates winter well. Perennials are sheltered only in those regions where little snow falls in winter. It is also recommended to insulate young perennial bushes for the winter. Peat, hay, straw, spruce twigs, pine spruce branches are used to shelter a garden culture.
Perennial Gaillardia does not like sudden changes in temperature. For this reason, the plant is often insulated with non-woven covering materials that maintain proper air circulation.
