Reproduction of violets: how to propagate indoor violets at home? How to properly plant Saintpaulia

Landing in open ground

For sowing seeds in open ground, horned violets are most often used. It is quite unpretentious and got its name because of the spur on the flower petal, very similar to a horn. This perennial plant is grown as an annual under certain conditions.

Horned violet.

Seed planting is carried out in a lighted area, since it does not bloom well in the shade and the plant bush will be loose. The seeds of the horned violet are allowed to be sown immediately on the flower bed, or you can first grow seedlings and then plant them in the garden.

Timing

The timing of sowing violets in the garden depends on the method of cultivation, varietal characteristics and the region of cultivation.

When grown through seedlings

When growing Saintpaulia through seedlings, the seeds should be placed in containers with soil from February to April. Those violets that were sown in February will bloom earlier. It usually takes 10 to 13 weeks from sowing to flowering.

Covered with a film, the crops are kept at a temperature of 16-18 degrees, regularly moistening the substrate. After germination, containers with seedlings are transferred to a bright room with a temperature of +20 degrees. In phase 2 of true leaves of the culture, a pick is carried out, planting the plants according to the 5 by 5 cm scheme.

Saintpaulia seedlings are moved to the garden bed during May. The first time you need to shade them and water them well for better survival. Rooted plants are fed 15 days after planting.

When sown in a flower bed

In an open-air flowerbed, seeds of horned violets are sown from mid-August to mid-September. For sowing, you can use purchased seeds or seed material you have collected in your garden. Sowing works are carried out according to the following algorithm:

digging is done on a pre-fertilized flower bed, the soil surface is leveled;
make landing grooves of shallow depth;
seeds are distributed into the grooves, taking into account their germination;
sprinkle with earth on top of the grooves;
watering the flower bed from a watering can with a fine sieve;
mulch the soil with a layer of peat.

Growing violets outdoors.

After this podzimny sowing, seedlings should be expected next spring. Barely emerging seedlings will need protection from bright sunlight. If the seedlings are too dense, they should be cut down. The violet is placed in a permanent place in August.

After waiting for the rooting of the Saintpaulias, they remove the formed peduncles so that the plant does not waste energy on them and enters stronger in the next winter. Having safely survived the second winter, the horned violet will bloom fully.

Large-flowered hybrid forms of violets are cultivated as biennial plants. Seeds are sown in the garden after June 15, when the soil temperature is 17-20 degrees above zero.

The timing of sowing Wittrock violet seeds depends on the purpose of use:

If it is supposed to be grown as an annual crop, then sowing is carried out in the spring, when the soil warms up to +10 degrees. Seeds sown into the grooves are sprinkled with earth and covered with foil. Seedlings will appear in 8 days, and in the phase of 4 true leaves they are moved to flower beds;
With a two-year culture, sowing seeds is carried out in June in a nursery. Seeds are not immediately placed on the flower bed, since it is not known how many of them will sprout. With poor germination, bald spots may form on the flower bed.

How do seedlings appear?

The period after how many violets sprout depends on:

landing dates;
temperature conditions;
moisture content of the substrate.

Usually, seedlings can appear in 1-2 weeks.

Care of young sprouts

Young plants require appropriate care.They need to be watered regularly, shaded from direct sunlight, weeded and kept loose underneath.

In the phase of two true leaves, young shoots dive, giving them a large feeding area. And closer to autumn, the seedlings of Saintpaulia are moved to the flower bed according to the scheme 10 by 15 cm or 15 by 15 cm.They form inflorescences only the next year. Flowers are produced in large numbers and there will be many.

Picking violets.

Do I need to be seated?

It is impossible to transplant Saintpaulia immediately into a large pot. You need to wait until the diameter of its rosette is twice the size of the pot. It is at this moment that a plant transplant is possible.

Important! Even if the plant looks strong and is ready, in your opinion, for any changes, untimely transplantation can greatly slow down the growth of the flower and cause its death.

Correct breeding from a leaf

Another method of breeding violets is by cuttings, or simply growing from leaves. Growing violets from leaves also has its own characteristics:

The very first, so-called leaf pot, should be an ordinary glass of water. The idea is to develop a root system in seedlings. Boiled water is used to germinate the roots.
The first step is to disinfect the sprout, for this, a little potassium permanganate is added to warm water, a leaf is dipped into it, and settled for several hours. After the disinfection procedure, a new container or plastic cup is taken, pre-washed

Pour boiled water into a glass with the addition of activated carbon.

Note! A sprout is installed in a glass to a depth of about 2 cm. The cut should not touch the walls of the dishes, for this you will most likely need to fix it with something.
If the water starts to evaporate, do not forget to add it.

Depending on the variety of violets, the first roots may appear after 3 weeks.

Rooting of leaves into the soil takes place in a small container, covered by a third of shallow drainage and the rest of the earth. The cutting is planted to a shallow depth, so that oxygen would be available to the still weak root. The soil around the leaf is rammed and moistened, after which the glass is covered with a film and placed in a warm place with sufficient sunlight. In this form, the plant keeps until small leaves begin to appear at the cutting, which means that the rooting of the leaf was successful.

It is necessary to exclude the transplantation of the cuttings immediately after cutting into the soil, since the root system is not developed, and the soil is saturated with various bacteria and parasites.

From the video you will learn how to grow a violet from a leaf:

Signs, is it possible to grow violets at home

There are many signs about how the violet affects the fate of a person. For a superstitious person, choosing the right flower is not always easy. There are always both positive and negative signs.

Good omens:

prevent negative energy from entering the house;
red violet attracts money into the house;
purple helps calm the nerves;
drive ants out of their dwellings.

Bad omens:

an unmarried girl may be left without a groom;
survives from the home of men;
causes quarrels and scandals in the family;
takes away energy from a person;
violet-grave flower. Attracts misfortunes and troubles.

It depends on how much we believe in this or that omen whether it is worth buying a violet into the house or not.

Material selection

The further development of the flower depends on the chosen planting material, therefore, the choice of a leaf must be approached responsibly. If you look closely at an adult plant, you will notice that the foliage from the outlet grows in rows. If you start counting the rows from the bottom, then this will be the first row, from which it is better not to take the cutting. This is due to the fact that such specimens are quite old, so it will take a very long time to wait for the appearance of children.

Important! You should not take the central leaves of the rosette: small cuttings may not cope with rooting. In addition, cutting out the center can damage the growing point, which can adversely affect the plant.

The optimal cutting point is the second or third row when reading from the bottom. These leaves are young, but have already grown strong enough, so they will quickly take root and form children

In addition, cutting out the center can damage the growing point, which can adversely affect the plant. The optimal cut point is considered to be the second or third row when reading from the bottom. These leaves are young, but have already grown strong enough, so they will quickly take root and form children.

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When choosing a cutting, it is important to pay attention to the following aspects:

you only need to choose a healthy specimen, with a brightly colored surface;
it must be clean, free from damage and suspicious stains, no scratches or fractures;
fading specimens are not suitable for reproduction, the sheet must be elastic.

Violet stalk

If the leaf was brought from friends or acquaintances, it may wither during transportation. In this case, it is placed in a container with warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate for 2-3 hours. After that, the cutting should dry well.

When and how to transplant indoor violets and how to plant violets?

When violets are propagated through rooting of the leaf, the next important stage is to separate the babies from the mother's leaf and transplant them into separate pots so that young plants continue their growth and prepare for the first flowering.

After the appearance of children, it is important to determine the moment when young plants can be separated from the mother leaf and transplanted into pots. There is no exact time period that can be specified after what period the violets need to be transplanted into pots for independent development.

The readiness of children for transplantation should be determined by their size. In height, the leaves of the children should reach 3-5 cm and each young outlet should have at least two large leaves, but preferably 3-5. If the mother leaf of the violet has 1 baby, then it will develop faster than the leaf with a large number of children. Optimally, if the leaf gives 2-3 babies, then they get enough space and nutrition from the leaf, develop strong, they are easy to separate, transplant, they quickly take root and begin to grow on their own.

2. Before transplanting children, the plants do not need to be watered, since their roots are easier to separate in loose dry soil.

First, you need to carefully separate the mother's sheet from the babies. If the leaf is in good condition, separated with a bunch of roots, then you can put it back in a glass, and he will give a second batch of children, faster than rooting a new leaf

After separating the mother leaf, you need to carefully separate the rosettes of the young plants, so that each baby has a bunch of roots. The roots of violets are thin as hair, you do not need to remove the old soil from them, if it does not crumble by itself, it is better to plant violets with a small lump of earth

5. Violet babies should be planted with small pots or cups with a volume of 150-200 ml. At the first stage, plants have enough of this volume to develop until the second transplant. The pots must have drainage holes.

6. The soil for violets should be soft and loose. You can buy a special soil for Saintpaulias, it is also suitable for growing petunias, gloxinias, pelargoniums, primroses, streptocarpus, cyclamens. The soil for violets should have a slightly acidic reaction, its main part is lowland and high-moor peat.

When transplanting violets, the soil should be moderately moist, not wet or dry.

7.Having poured soil into a pot, it cannot be compacted or crushed. Having made a depression in the center, place violet roots in the hole and add earth to the base of the first leaves. In a small violet, you need to deepen the shortened stem to the base of the leaves so that the rosette does not dangle, but the growing point should remain at the top, otherwise the violet will rot.

8. After transplanting, the violet does not need to be watered on the first day.

It is better to water the transplanted plants on the second day, carefully along the contour of the pots so that water does not get into the center of small plants

9. Plants after transplanting should stand in a bright, but not sunny place. If the air humidity is low in the room, it is hot or the transplanted plants have few roots, then it is better to make a greenhouse for them by putting on transparent bags on top.

Transplant methods

At the preparatory stage, you should pay attention to the following:

it is advisable that the substrate is not too wet, since in this case it will stick to the fingers, and with dry soil, the root system can be easily damaged; it is best if the earthen lump is moderately moist;
if you are using pots that have already been in use, then pay attention to the fact that there is no salt deposit on their walls, and if there is one, the containers must be thoroughly washed;
it is advisable to give preference to a plastic pot, since moisture will linger in it much longer, respectively, you can water the plant less often.

And do not forget that the soil for violets should be loose and light so that moisture and air can freely penetrate through it. A special substrate can be found on the market or made by yourself by mixing turf, leaf and coniferous soil with chopped moss and river sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1: 0.5. You can also add a small amount of charcoal to this mixture. But you can make it even easier - add sand and a little peat to the usual soil.

So, we chose the pot, prepared the soil, now we need to figure out how to transplant a violet at home. Let's look at each of the methods step by step.

Complete soil replacement

With a complete replacement of the soil, adult plants are transplanted, which have begun to wilt due to soil acidification. The advantage of this method is that the old substrate, which has already lost all its nutrients, is completely replaced by a new one, rich in all the elements necessary for violet growth. In addition, during this procedure, you have the opportunity to inspect the root system of the plant and remove damaged and decayed parts. This process is carried out as follows:

We tilt the pot and carefully remove the plant from it along with a lump of earth.
Gently shake off the substrate, exposing the roots; where necessary, brush off the soil with your fingers.
We remove the lower leaves, which have already turned yellow, and old peduncles; the places of the cuts are treated with crushed activated carbon.
Cutting off damaged, rotten and old roots

Partial substrate replacement

If your violet is still young, then its transplant can be done with partial soil replacement. With this method, you can transplant an already rooted plant into a larger pot without damaging the root system.

We tilt the pot and carefully take the plant out of it along with a lump of earth.
Slightly shake off the ground - a small lump should remain on the roots.
We put drainage on the bottom of the new pot and pour a small amount of fresh substrate on top.
Place a violet root with an earthen lump in the center of the pot, fill the remaining gaps with a substrate.
We fill up the soil to the level of the lower leaves and send the plant to its usual place.
The next day, we start watering the violets and, as the earth subsides, we renew its volume.

Transplanting a blooming violet

Seeing this section, many novice florists immediately have a reasonable question - is it possible to transplant a blooming violet? Without the urgent need to disturb the plant during the flowering period, it is extremely undesirable, since the transplantation will suspend this incredibly picturesque process. But if you notice that the outlet has grown a lot, the soil has acidified or parasites have gotten in it, then you simply cannot do without this method. And it is carried out as follows:

We cut off all the buds and flowers - this technique will redirect the forces of the plant to subsequent rooting.
We tilt the pot and carefully remove the violet from it, trying to completely preserve the lump of earth that has formed around the roots.
We put drainage on the bottom of the new container, pour some fresh soil and install an earthen lump with a plant.
Fill the gaps between the walls of the pot and the earthen lump with fresh substrate.

Growing violets at home from scratch: where to start?

There are several ways to breed Saintpaulias:

seeds;
stepchildren;
sheet.

Whichever method you choose, first of all, you need to select high-quality planting material:

if these are seeds, then they should be processed before planting, for better germination. You should buy seeds from trusted breeders. Otherwise, you risk buying low-quality material;

Violet seeds.

if you decide to breed violets with stepchildren. Then they should be separated from the mother plant when the roots reach 1-2 cm

They can be rooted in water or directly in the ground;
when purchasing a leaf for breeding, pay attention to the plant from which it was taken. It should be healthy, without external damage.

ADVICE! Try to take planting material from a flowering plant, so there are more chances of getting a quality plant.

The baby must be kept in a greenhouse, periodically airing.

When 1-2 leaves appear, it is accustomed to normal conditions, for 2 weeks, opening the greenhouse for a while. It should increase each time.

When the greenhouse is completely removed, the baby can be transplanted into a pot and create certain conditions.

We select a place

It is imperative to take into account several important points on how to correctly position the violet:

light;
temperature;
humidity.

Indoor violets are best placed on the north, north-east and north-west windows. By placing the pots on other windows, the saintpaulia will grow well, but it must be protected from the sun.

The violet should be protected from direct sunlight.

IMPORTANT! Violets love a lot of bright light, but direct rays should not be allowed to hit the plant.

When deciding on which window it is better to grow violets, remember that at noon it must be shaded in any case. It can be a non-woven fabric folded in two tulle, blinds help well.

If you decide to close the glass on the windows from the sun, then this must be done so that the rays do not fall on the plant, about two-thirds of the window.

It is not necessary to cover the plant in the evening, the sun's rays at this time are not dangerous.

Decide where the apartment is warmer and where it is cooler. In which windows the sunlight always enters, and where it is rare. Where drafts occur during ventilation.

Different varieties of violets require different placement conditions. Accommodation is possible both on very light windows and in the shade. To prolong flowering, artificial lighting is used.

Lighting

In order for your violet to grow healthy and strong, it needs to be provided with enough light. It should be diffused, without direct sunlight.

Artificial lighting is possible. In this case, the optimal distance from the lamp to the plant is 15-25 cm.

The ideal lighting will be alternating between lamp and daylight.

Temperature

For small, immature plants, a comfortable temperature will be 24-26 ° C.Violets can painlessly tolerate short-term temperature changes, but sudden changes are destructive for them. The nighttime temperature should not be more than 6 ° C lower than the daytime temperature.

INTERESTING! For a blooming violet, the temperature should be slightly below normal.

Saintpaulias do not tolerate constantly elevated temperatures.

Humidity

An important indicator is the maintenance of humidity within 50-60%, especially during the heating season.

It is important to maintain optimal moisture for the violets. It is especially important to comply with these conditions in the early stages of development.

When the plant has not yet matured

It is especially important to comply with these conditions in the early stages of development. When the plant has not yet matured

Method 1. Violets leaf propagation

How to choose the right leaves for cuttings? For this, already formed and, of course, healthy plants are taken. If you select material from the center of the outlet, then it may not have enough strength to form strong enough roots. In the lower rows, the leaves are slightly outdated, which means there is a high probability of disease. Therefore, for breeding, medium-sized leaves are needed, preferably from the 3rd tier of the rosette.

Reproduction of violets with a leaf at home step by step:

On cut leaves with a sharp blade at a distance of 3-4 cm

from the sheet surface, carefully cut at an angle of 45 °.
To form roots on the leaves, they are placed in a container of water.
It is important to use not only clean water, but also soft water. Suitable rainwater, from melted snow, well
If it is tough enough, which is typical for a water supply network, then the roots may not appear at all.
Small jars, cups, and other containers (preferably made of dark material) are filled with water.
So that the leaves of the cutting do not come into contact with water, the container is first covered, for example, with thick paper, and fixed

A hole is made in such a cover, sufficient so that only the lower part of the cutting is in the water, and no more than 2 cm.
If, for some reason, the stalk began to rot, then it is cut to healthy tissue and placed in another container.
During evaporation, water is added to the container.

The cuttings should be placed in a warm and bright place, but not in the sun. In a few weeks, the first roots will appear. The method of propagating a violet with a leaf is the most popular among flower growers. As soon as the rooted leaves of the violet "grow" up to about 2 cm, you can start transplanting it into the earthen mixture. How to do this, and what kind of soil is needed, we will consider a little later.

Method 2. Breeding violets with peduncles

To preserve all the delights of varietal violets (the shape of petals and leaves, their amazing shades), you need the following rooting method.

The most powerful and beautiful peduncle is selected from the outlet. At a distance of 1.5 cm

from the leaves of the bracts, it is carefully cut off, the flowers are removed. Then, in order to prevent, all sections are lightly sprinkled with charcoal powder.
In a container (preferably transparent), the peduncle is placed on a layer of dry moss of 2 cm, and on top by 2-2.5 cm

sprinkled with soil (about its composition a little later). You need to deepen it up to the stipules.
The top layer is moistened, while the peat layer must remain permanently dry. A transparent container will allow you to comply with this condition and regulate watering.
To create a greenhouse effect, the pot is covered with a bag, which is removed for watering. Everything is placed in a warm and bright place. It takes a long time (a month or more) to wait for young leaves to appear in the axils.
As soon as new roots are formed and rosettes appear, the package can be removed, accustoming the plant to normal conditions. Watering is still not necessary often, only the top layer.
A rosette of 4-6 leaves can be transplanted into a pot.

Violet care

In order for the plant to constantly bloom and be a decoration of the windowsill, it is necessary not only to observe the listed conditions for plant growth, but also to know other rules for growing violets.Caring for her consists in timely watering, feeding, transplanting. Basically, these rules are not particularly difficult, and the violet is not "ranked" as a capricious plant.

In addition, by the appearance of the saintpaulia, you can determine what the plant does not like. For example, watering with cold water can cause brown spots on the leaves. Direct sunlight causes leaf burns, pale yellow spots appear on them. Improper watering and low air humidity can cause uniform yellowing and death of leaves. Rotting in the middle of the outlet indicates improper watering methods or excessive moisture. Considering the above, florists can easily adjust the methods of caring for the violet, thereby creating favorable conditions not only for the growth of the plant, but also for its flowering.

Post-transplant care

After about 2-4 weeks, roots appear on the transplanted cuttings. When they grow 2 cm, they are transplanted into a plastic cup. When the cuttings are germinated in the ground, this period is reduced.

It is very important to provide favorable conditions for survival and further growth. Violets are light-loving plants

The most comfortable home pet will feel on the east-facing window.

It is not recommended to choose west and north. On the northern windows, you can never wait for flowering at all. But on the south side, the plant will need shading, since the leaves can burn out from too bright light.

It is better to place flower pots on the windowsill because of the love of violets for natural light. If such conditions cannot be created, then the place must be equipped with fluorescent lamps.

Attention! Direct sunlight is not recommended. They have a detrimental effect on Saintpaulia, as well as draft and cold.

For uniform formation of the rosette, the container must be gradually rotated in order for the foliage to unfold towards the light source. But it is undesirable to change the location in the room itself: the plants are very painful to this.

Watering violets, as well as other indoor flowers, is necessary depending on the humidity in the room. If the house is humid, then watering is reduced to once a week. In dry rooms, watering is carried out two to three times a week. Air humidity changes depending on the season. This must be taken into account when watering.

With proper care, violets bloom very beautifully.

Violet does not like excess moisture. Therefore, it is recommended to pour water into the sump. In this case, the plant will take the required amount of liquid on its own.

Irrigation water should not contain heavy salts. It is recommended to defend it, and the temperature should be room temperature. The leaves are periodically washed with running water, but they cannot be wiped off in order to avoid damage to the hairs. The foliage dries naturally. During this time, the sun's rays are not allowed - otherwise, a burn may occur. Therefore, such water procedures should be done in the evening or at night. By morning, the leaves will have time to dry completely.

As you can see from the above, rejuvenating violets at home is a painstaking process, it requires patience. But if the plant is provided with good conditions, its splendor will certainly delight everyone around.

Conclusion

If you know how it multiplies and how to properly breed violets, then increasing your home collection will not be difficult.

Even without breeding experience and lack of special knowledge about how indoor violets are bred, you can easily get your own flowering bush.

In saintpaulia, roots germinate rather quickly, it grows and blooms quickly. However, you must have at least a general idea of what you can get if you propagate a violet, otherwise you may be disappointed.

On our website you can read the most detailed information about violets: photos, all varieties and names, how to propagate them and much more.