How to grow an anthurium from a cutting without leaves how to grow an anthurium from a cutting without leaves

By dividing the bush

This method is used only if the mother plant has reached the age of 3-4 years. The division of the bush and the planting of shoots are performed in the middle of spring, and step by step this process looks like this:

half an hour before the start of the event, the mother bush is spilled abundantly with water;
the plant is removed from the substrate, shaken slightly, excess soil is removed and the roots are carefully unraveled;
if during untangling some of the root processes were damaged, then the wounds are immediately sprinkled with activated charcoal or cinnamon;
it is necessary to divide the plant in such a way that on each of their parts there is a growth point and at least one leaf;
decayed and severely damaged root processes must be removed, leaving only healthy and viable ones;
before rooting the shoots, they are left for 50-60 minutes in the open air for easy drying of the roots;
the shoots should be planted in such a way that the roots are buried exactly to the depth at which they were located in the old pot, being part of the same plant;
too tall shoots are tied to a support, which should be stuck into the substrate in advance - before the flower is planted;
for 2-3 months new plants are sprayed weekly with "Epin", "Kornevin" or "Heteroauxin".

Principles of grafting

Cuttings cut from anthurium give roots very quickly. As soon as the young roots reach a length of several centimeters, we plant the new plants in a container in a permanent place and grow them, observing all the care requirements.

Reproduction in this way consists of several stages:

one leaf with a small piece of stem is separated from the mother bush, there should be a growth point on it;
planting material should be 5-10 cm long;
the stem is dried in the open air for several minutes;
for better rooting and reduce moisture loss, the leaf itself is usually removed;
the prepared stalk is placed in moss, perlite, peat-sand mixture or simply in water;
covered with plastic and placed in a warm, shady place.

Answering the question of how to grow anthurium, you need to know that in some species, even just a leaf can be rooted. In this case, cut off the leaf plate with a small piece of the stem. The sheet is twisted with a tube and fixed with a thread, an elastic band. All this is placed in a small pot (glass) with moss or perlite; only a third of the leaf tube should protrude from the soil. Planting is watered and covered with a film or jar. The pot is placed in a warm place (about 25 ° C) in the shade. Such a greenhouse must be aired daily and sprayed with warm, settled water. In such conditions, the plants develop rapidly, and after about 20 days a sprout can be seen in the center of the tube, and after another month, the young anthurium must be planted in its permanent place of "residence".

During this period, it is better not to fertilize the plants: a small root system cannot assimilate nutrients, but it is possible to get a root burn. In this case, decay of the root system may occur.

Division of an overgrown bush

Reproduction of anthurium at home involves the use of both simple and complex methods. The easiest way to propagate "male happiness" is to divide an existing bush. Very often, the procedure is combined with a transplant. With this method, flowering occurs either the next year or in the current season. When separating, remember that the root system of anthurium is quite fragile, and you need to work very carefully so that the roots do not suffer.Experienced flower growers give such advice: you do not need to use a knife when transplanting a flower, you need to try to keep the earth on the roots. Sometimes it is necessary to plant flowering specimens, then it is necessary to cut off all flower stalks even before carrying out the manipulations. This will greatly facilitate the adaptation period for anthurium, reduce the risk of diseases, as well as the loss of moisture and nutrients.

When transplanting, you can reduce the height of the plant by cutting out the tallest stems (they can also be used to grow new anthuriums). It will even benefit the flower and make the transplant easier. They always try to preserve the aerial roots as much as possible, they supply the plant with the missing substances during the recovery period and the growth of a new root system after transplantation.

The detached shoots are immediately planted in a pot in a permanent place.

It is important to ensure that the growing point is above the soil surface. A new grown plant is provided with the same care as for adult specimens: sufficient light, warmth, moderate watering

With this method, the survival rate is 100%.

What if the plant does not take root?

If the flower has hung leaves, in in this case you can sprinkle the plant with epin and place under a plastic bag for a week. If the leaves began to turn yellow, most likely the plant:

overcooled;
receives little light;
receives too much water, which causes its root system to rot;
excessive use of fertilizers (burns appear in the root system).

Depending on the cause of the yellowing, you must either put the anthurium in a warm, bright place without drafts, water less and less often, or pour water around the edges of the pot, or remove the top dressing for a while (about a month).

Mineral fertilizers cause great harm to the root system of anthurium - they leave burns.

Anthurium is picky, but it multiplies easily, quickly acclimatizes and takes root, the main thing is to properly care for the plant. Reproduction in a vegetative way, more specifically by planting, not only results in several healthy offspring, but also significantly rejuvenates the anthurium.

Rooting apex

How to propagate anthurium using the top of the flower? Often, with age, the plant stretches, loses its decorative effect, ceases to bloom. To restore anthurium and obtain new planting material, a method such as rooting the top is used.

On an aged plant, the upper part of the stem is cleaned of dried leaves, scales, and carefully wrapped with a thick layer of moist moss. An impromptu plastic wrap bandage is created over the moss pillow. This prevents moisture from evaporating. New roots form quickly enough in such a warm and humid environment. At this point, the top of the flower is cut below the bandage and planted in a separate pot. The new plant already has roots and is ready for independent existence.

The remaining part very quickly develop lateral shoots, which are also used for reproduction, but more often form a new flamingo flower on the old root system.

These are the main methods of vegetative propagation of anthurium. It is not difficult to grow and propagate anthurium at home, it does not require special knowledge, but only a little practice. Only you must always remember about the danger of the appearance of rot with this method of reproduction. Places of cuts, damaged areas of roots must be treated to prevent putrefactive, fungal diseases. For processing, finely ground coal is most often used. Amateur flower growers began to use ground cinnamon for such purposes; it also has the necessary disinfecting properties.

The main thing to remember is to maintain optimal conditions and take the necessary care: high humidity, warmth, well-lit, but not sunny place.

How to propagate anthurium at home

Anthurium began to populate the window sills of flower growers since the end of the last century. This representative of the flora cannot be confused with another houseplant thanks to the original business card - the ear of a flower is surrounded by a kind of petal-veil, the surface of which seems to be covered with wax.

Most often there are bright red inflorescences, however, other, more exotic colors are known - pink, orange, purple and even blue.

Anthurium propagates at home quite simply - cuttings with aerial roots, young shoots or stem suckers are used for this. As a result, several young seedlings can be obtained from one bush, which will soon please with flowering.

Preparatory work

It is best to use a special soil for epiphytes or Aroids as an earthen mixture. Orchid substrate with a small amount of charcoal and turf soil is also suitable. You can prepare the ground for anthurium yourself according to one of the following schemes:

3 parts of leaf humus, 1 part of fertile turf, 1 part of perlite or vermiculite;
10 parts of coniferous, sod land and peat, 5 parts of fine river sand, 2, 5 parts of charcoal and coniferous bark;
Equal parts of peat, coconut fiber and shredded sphagnum moss.

Since the roots of anthurium are superficial, it is not recommended to transplant it into a large container. It is better to take a small pot, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the old one by about 2-3 cm - it will become an ideal "home" for the main bush.

As for young shoots, 200-300 ml bowls or plastic glasses are suitable for them. As you grow, you will need to change the capacity to a larger one.

The soil for planting anthurium must be disinfected - such a measure will destroy possible bacteria, fungal spores or weeds that may be in the "living" components. Steaming in the oven or microwave for half an hour will help to ensure the cleanliness of the substrate.

A drainage layer and holes for draining excess water are a prerequisite for the normal growth and health of anthuriums, so this point should not be neglected. Buy pots with a prepared bottom, and use expanded clay, fine gravel or red brick as drainage.

Other ways of reproduction of anthurium

If necessary, you can propagate anthurium in one of the following ways:

Layers. Part of the shoot is freed from dried scales and foliage, wrapped in wet sphagnum moss and covered with an impromptu bandage from a plastic bag or film. When roots begin to appear in the moss, the shoot can be cut and transplanted into a separate pot according to the standard scheme;
Seeds. The seed is either purchased from the store or prepared independently by pollination (for the ears of plants of different varieties) for 4 days for maximum productivity. Seed ripening lasts from 8 to 12 months, and at the end of the period the fruit changes color. The seeds are extracted, soaked in a light solution of potassium permanganate and dried for 3 days. Then they need to be sown in small bowls, covering 2-3 cm of soil. After careful watering, the container is covered with a transparent bag or glass and placed in a warm, bright place. The first shoots will appear in a few weeks;
Roots. During transplanting, it is necessary to separate the strong and healthy roots from the stem. Then they need to be placed in clean sand, perlite or vermiculite and kept constant light moisture. After 40-60 days, the roots will take root, and after another month they can be transplanted into a substrate for adult anthuriums.

Reproduction of anthurium in a vegetative way (by leaf, shoots, shoots or layering) is suitable for beginner flower growers, but experienced indoor plant lovers can experiment and sow seeds.Thus, it is often possible to grow new hybrids, the analogues of which cannot be found in the photo on the Internet.

Disadvantages and advantages of this method

The main advantages when growing anthurium from seeds have already been indicated in the previous subheading. Summing up, we can say that this method of reproduction comes to the rescue when other methods are not suitable for one reason or another. However, in addition to advantages, this method also has some disadvantages. Such as:

seeds that are ordered from other countries, in most cases, may be of poor quality, moreover, they quickly lose their germination;
in order for indoor flowers to grow from seeds that have not lost the characteristics of the mother plants, seeds from varietal specimens should be used (seeds from hybrids are not able to accurately produce an analogue of the mother plant);
this method of obtaining offspring is quite energy-consuming, and also requires a lot of time.

Please note that the flowering of seedlings occurs when the plant reaches the age of two, while specimens propagated by cuttings are able to bloom during the first year of life.

How to propagate anthurium at home?

The genus Anthurium belongs to the aroid family, which unites about 500 species of evergreen perennial herbaceous plants. Their homeland is South and Central America. Due to its spectacular and almost continuous flowering, anthurium is highly appreciated by florists and has long been grown at home.

The flower gained its popularity not only due to its decorative qualities. It is easy to grow and reproduces easily. Vegetative propagation is distinguished by a special variety, which makes it possible to obtain a new plant from a leaf, a cuttings, a lateral process and by dividing a bush.

At home, 3 types of anthurium are grown: Anthurium Crystal, cultivated since 1875, Anthurium Andre, Anthurium Scherzer and their hybrids. Indoor species have a number of common features:

1. Strongly shortened succulent shoots, from which air roots extend, absorbing moisture and oxygen from the air.
2. Long-petiolate (50-150 cm), large (from 5-10 cm to 1 meter), heart-shaped or broadly lanceolate leaf blades with a dense leathery surface. They are painted in vibrant shades of green. Some species have leaves with light veins or ornaments.
A spectacular cob-shaped inflorescence surrounded by a bracts or veil. It is to him that the anthurium owes its name, which means "a flower with a tail":
- The ear is formed by many small beige or yellow buds located along the straight or fancifully twisted axis of the inflorescence.
- The bedspread has a round or heart-shaped shape and reaches a length of 15-20 cm. It is distinguished by a leathery surface, painted in bright shades of red, blue, yellow, green and even black. There are varieties with a multi-colored bedspread. As the buds open, the coverlet folds back, taking bizarre shapes.
4. After pollination, in place of the flowers, fruits are formed - berries of a red or orange hue, each of which contains 2 seeds.

Anthurium care is determined by its origin and vegetation characteristics. Being a tropical plant, the flower needs to observe a certain temperature and light conditions, close to natural conditions, high humidity of air and soil. When grown indoors, it has a pronounced dormant period in autumn and winter.

Caring for the plant is simple and consists in observing the following requirements:

Lighting. Anthurium needs good lighting, but does not tolerate direct sunlight. Lack of light leads to leaf deformation and lack of flowering.
Temperature range: a comfortable summer temperature is 20-25 ° C, winter - 18-20 ° C. The flower does not tolerate drafts.
Watering is infrequent, but abundant. During active growing season, the soil is moistened 1 time in 3 or 4 days, during the dormant period - 1 time per week. Irrigation water should be soft. It is imperative to control the presence of moisture in the sump: stagnant water provokes the occurrence of fungal diseases and the growth of mold.
Top dressing. In spring and autumn, the flower is fed: mineral and organic fertilizers are applied once every 2 weeks.
Transfer. The plant does not need frequent transplants. They lead to a strong overgrowth of the root system and green mass to the detriment of flowering. Young forms are transplanted annually, an adult - no more than 1 time in 3 years.

Breeding by side offspring

Over time, the bush grows in breadth due to the formation of layers. This method is used by culture in the natural environment. You can also multiply anthurium (male happiness) at home without negative consequences for the maternal specimen, combining the operation with a transplant into a new container. In this case, several independent plants are obtained at once, capable of blooming almost immediately.

It is good if there are aerial roots on the lateral shoots, which help to receive nutrition and moisture.

Step-by-step execution of work:

Water the room anthurium abundantly the day before.
Wash and disinfect the container, make the soil yourself or purchase ready-made.
Knock on the walls of the flower pot, pull out the bush along with a lump of earth.
If a transplant is not planned, it is enough to carefully separate the children along with the roots, and fill the vacated space with soil. Otherwise, the procedure is similar to dividing a bush.
The resulting seedling must have a hidden growth point, at least one leaf and well-developed roots.
Plant in a nutritious substrate, water, put in a warm, bright place.

Reproduction of anthurium by side shoots

Anthurium, like any other houseplant, requires periodic replanting. It helps not only to preserve the decorative appearance of the flower, but also to obtain a new planting material. The thing is that the anthurium bush grows in 2-3 years, forming young shoots. It is optimal to transplant with the simultaneous division of the bush in the spring, from March to May.

Planting anthurium begins with freeing the root system from the old substrate. To do this, the plant is watered abundantly, removed from the pot, and then all the soil that is inside the root bunch is removed. At the same time, you need to try not to damage the aerial roots - in the future they will help young plants to feed and temporarily replace the poorly developed root system.

Young seedlings can be obtained by carefully separating or cutting off the shoots from the edge of the bush. When using any tool, it must be disinfected by wiping with alcohol or doused with a solution of potassium permanganate. Ideally, in addition to the growth point and a pair of large leaves, the shoots have small roots - such planting material has good vitality.

After the bush has freed itself from young shoots, it is planted in a prepared pot, after having previously treated the cuts with crushed activated carbon. The following manipulations are carried out with seedlings:

If there are only root rudiments on the shoot, its lower part is placed in wet perlite or sphagnum moss to grow the root system for 7-14 days;
Young seedlings with strong root shoots are planted in small containers in previously prepared and sterilized soil, without deepening the growth point;
The pots are placed on a windowsill with a lot of light, but with no direct sunlight (shaded if necessary);
Watering is carried out after the upper layer of the substrate has dried in small portions of settled water at room temperature.

After rooting, young seedlings need the same care as an adult plant. Top dressing is recommended to be introduced 2-3 months after planting, using complex fertilizers.

Young plant care

Standard care for a young, newly planted plant is very simple, but it involves observing the following rules:

along with other tropical inhabitants, anthuriums need sufficiently bright, but diffused lighting;
do not allow direct sunlight to hit the aerial part of the plant, therefore it is best to place the ornamental culture indoors on windows facing the west or east side;
when placing a flower pot with a plant on the southern windows, artificial shading is used with light curtains or a self-made gauze screen;
anthuriums grow and develop very well when placed on stands for flowers, standing at a distance of a meter from the southern windows, covered with tulle curtains;
anthuriums with decorative foliage have sufficient shade tolerance, therefore, even when located on northern windows, they develop quite well;

in winter, with insufficient natural light, anthuriums may need to organize additional lighting with a phytolamp with a power of 25-35 W;
in spring and summer, it is recommended to provide a decorative culture with a temperature regime within 20-25 ° C, and in the autumn-winter period, the temperature should not fall below 18 ° C;
anthuriums do not tolerate even a slight draft, therefore, when choosing a location, this fact must be taken into account;
when growing anthurium, the plant needs to create an optimal moisture level and strict adherence to the irrigation scheme;
watering should be abundant, but not too frequent, and on hot days it is required to water the plant about three times a week with warm and settled water;
all excess water accumulated in the pan after watering must be drained off, since stagnant moisture in the soil of the flower pot can cause rotting of the root system;
for irrigation measures, soft and warm water is used, and tap water must be defended for a couple of days and softened with a few drops of citric acid;

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

Vegetative propagation methods have one important advantage in comparison with seed germination: an adult plant capable of blooming can be obtained in just a few months. In addition, caring for tiny seedlings requires tremendous attention, otherwise fragile seedlings may die.

In the case of rooting a cutting, everything is much simpler.

When reproducing and carrying out other manipulations, it should be remembered that anthurium, like most representatives of its species, is a poisonous plant. When anthurium juice comes into contact with the skin, symptoms characteristic of allergic reactions occur: itching, irritation, redness. If accidentally ingested, the juice can cause serious poisoning.

Attention! When carrying out any operations with the plant that can cause damage, it is imperative to use rubber gloves. After completing the work, hands should be thoroughly washed.

Pot selection

Material

Anthurium prefers plastic or glass, since these substances are not hygroscopic, and, therefore, do not allow air and heat to pass to the roots (there is no heat during the day, and the soil remains long at night), unlike natural materials.

Plastic and glass do not allow the roots to "grow" into the walls of the pot, which will inevitably lead to breakage and injury during transplantation.

The size

The pot for anthurium should not be spacious, since its roots will develop freely without intertwining in cramped dishes, and the plant will be busy developing new lands, and not flowering. The pot should be wide: aerial shoots require access to the ground for rooting.

In appearance, the anthurium container should resemble a bowl - shallow and wide.A prerequisite: the presence of drainage holes and drainage material (expanded clay), which will fill the pot by a quarter of the volume. For a young plant, you can take a pot with a diameter of 8 - 10 cm.

Anthurium belongs to the Aroid family, and like all representatives of this family, anthurium is poisonous. The sap of the plant, getting on the skin and mucous membranes, can cause allergic reactions (redness, itching, rash). Therefore, it is imperative to remember: before proceeding with the reproduction of this plant, you must wear gloves, and at the end, wash your hands thoroughly with water.

How to prepare for planting?

The lateral process, strong, without visible damage, should be separated from the mother plant.
If it was not possible to successfully separate the shoot from the mother plant, and the roots are broken off or are very weak, then before planting the shoot in a separate container, you can try to root it in wet moss, sand or perlite. A prerequisite for any type of rooting is the subsequent mandatory placement of the plant in a mini-greenhouse: for the development of the root system, high temperatures and humidity are required.
These conditions can be achieved by placing the container with the scion in a plastic bag, a plastic food container with a tight-fitting lid, or in a cut-open plastic bottle.

With the appearance of strong roots, the greenhouse can be removed

But it is also important to remember that such a greenhouse should be opened daily for ventilation, otherwise the shoot may simply rot.

Step 1: removing the plant from the pot

In this situation, it is important to remember that anthurium has a fragile root system that is very easy to break. In addition, in addition to the main roots, the plant has air roots, which also require careful handling.

To replace the pot and soil with a plant, you can use two methods:

Transshipment;
Transfer.

1. The transshipment method is relevant if the anthurium is healthy and the quality of the soil is good, but the root system of the plant has filled the entire space of the pot.

Important: If you are using the transfer method, the diameter of the new pot should be approximately three centimeters larger than the diameter of the old container. The transshipment method is undoubtedly more gentle for the plant, since after it the anthurium tolerates stress more easily, does not actively shed foliage

The transshipment method is undoubtedly more gentle for the plant, since after it the anthurium tolerates stress more easily and does not shed foliage so actively.

If you plan to leave the newly acquired plant in store soil, take into account the peculiarity of the soil when watering. As a rule, peat-coconut substrate is used in plant maintenance stores. Such an earthen mixture retains moisture well inside, but looks dry from above. Thus, it is necessary to water the anthurium that grows in such a substrate when the soil in the pot dries out by a third.

Transfer technology.

The day before the procedure, the anthurium must be watered, this will make it easy to get the earthen lump from the pot and preserve it as much as possible.
To remove the earthen lump from the pot, you need to put the container on the surface and knock on the walls

Use a wooden stick that can be pressed through the drainage holes on the earthen ball.
If the roots of the plant are healthy, you can remove the topsoil a little and remove the drainage layer.
If the roots of the anthurium are too long and have grown into the drainage, they are pruned.
Before planting a plant in a new pot, it is important to make sure it fits in height. You can use a ruler for this.
Then drainage is poured onto the bottom of the new container to the height of a third of the pot.
After that, a little earthen mixture is poured and lightly tamped

A plant is installed on it.
Then the earthen mixture is poured into the pot in a circle so that the roots are thoroughly covered with soil. In the process of planting, the soil is crushed by hand.

Tip: if the anthurium is large, you can pour the earth into the pot with a teaspoon, this will not damage the leaves.

2. Method

Reasons why a transplant is needed:

The soil has lost its original qualities due to improper feeding;
Shop soil of poor quality;
Any signs of root disease.

Transplant technology.

The plant must be watered to make it as easy as possible to take it out of the pot.
You can remove the earthen lump from the container in the same way as during transshipment.
Next, you need to carefully examine the root system of the anthurium.
If damaged roots are found, they should be cut off, the remaining roots should be treated with medications.
If you plan to plant the anthurium in the original pot, be sure to wash the detergent container and treat it with a fungicide.
Then we pour drainage on the bottom of the pot, a little soil, install the plant and sprinkle it with soil to the required level.

Important: all gaps between the roots must be carefully filled with an earthy mixture.

It is impossible to water the plant immediately, the first watering is done when the soil dries out a few centimeters deep.

Transplanting a plant also requires further care of the plant, which consists in providing the anthurium with optimal air temperature, humidity and lighting.

To do this, the pot with the plant is placed in a transparent plastic bag and kept at a temperature of at least 22 degrees. To prevent the anthurium from suffering from a lack of light, place a lamp above it. The optimum is a lamp with a power of 25 watts, cold spectrum.

Important: after transplanting, in no case disturb the plant again and do not change the location of the pot.

If mold suddenly begins to appear on the soil, it must be removed immediately and watering limited, since the fungus is formed due to excess moisture. The trunk of the anthurium can be wiped with a napkin soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and the soil in the pot can be sprinkled with crushed coal.

Seed propagation

In the natural environment, all epiphytes, which include anthurium, are able to reproduce by growing aerial roots, cuttings, side shoots and seeds. Indoor species can also reproduce in any of these ways, of which the most painstaking and ineffective is propagation by seeds.

This method does not enjoy much success among gardeners and is used very rarely, which is due not so much to a low percentage of seed germination, but to the likelihood of losing most of the varietal parental traits. This is especially true for hybrid varieties obtained by crossing different species. However, among breeders, growing from seeds is more practiced, although most of it is due to a purely scientific interest.

Usually the seeds are purchased from flower shops, but you can also use your own collection material. It should be borne in mind that after six months the probability of their germination becomes extremely low. In this connection, the harvested achenes must be sown within 3 months.

If it is not possible to purchase seeds from the store, you can try to grow them yourself. This procedure will require two flowers. As soon as one of them blooms, a brush with soft bristles is carried over the cob, thus collecting pollen. Then it is very carefully shaken off onto a piece of paper and put into the refrigerator. After the second plant blooms, using a cotton pad, the harvested pollen is distributed with light movements along the cob in different directions.

It is recommended to carry out the procedure during daylight hours with sufficient bright lighting and an air temperature of at least +24 degrees.Then, over the next 4–5 days, "control" pollination is carried out in the same way, after which they leave the flower alone and begin to observe.

If, after 4 weeks, the ear begins to grow in size, then the cross-pollination process has been successful and fruit can be expected to appear. Their full maturation time is usually 9–12 months. The signal that they need to be collected will be a darkened color and the impression that the fruits are about to fall out of the inflorescence. After harvesting, the upper shell is removed from the fruit, the seeds are removed and dried in the open air for 3 days. Sow them as quickly as possible, preferably within 2-3 weeks.

The seed sowing process is as follows:

the seeds are soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate and spread on a napkin to remove excess moisture;
further, they are evenly distributed over the surface of the wet substrate and sprinkled on top with the same earth;
the thickness of the soil layer above the seeds should be 3 mm;
then the containers are covered with glass or foil, provided with bottom heating, a temperature of +25 degrees and a bright diffused light.

Watering is carried out as the substrate dries up, using a spray bottle. If everything is done correctly, then the first single shoots can be expected after a week. Mass germination usually begins after 15 days, and after a month the first leaves appear. It is during this period that the glass or film is removed and the young shoots are planted.

Shoots with 3 leaves are planted in separate glasses with a diameter of 7-10 cm, using the same substrate as for seedlings. From this moment, the plants are transferred to general care, not forgetting to water and feed on time. The first flowers on anthurium grown from seeds appear after 3 years.