Polyanthus rose: care and cultivation in the open field

Stockrose landing

Choosing a place to grow Stockrose.

Despite the fact that the plant is an unpretentious plant, but if you want to achieve abundant and long flowering, as well as for the flowers to be bright in color and large in size, several conditions must be met. The place for growing the plant must be sufficiently illuminated, possibly light partial shade. the absence of drafts is important. The plant is not suitable for waterlogged soil and the proximity of groundwater. This can lead to decay of the root system and the fact that the plant may die.

Planting in clay soil is not allowed. the best option is fertile light, well-drained soil, with the addition of sand.

It is also important to know when to apply fertilizer. If you overdo it with them, then rapid growth of the plant can occur, the appearance of large leaves, flowering can become weak

We are engaged in breeding.

For growing a plant, it is best to resort to the seed method. But its use is possible in different ways.

Stockrose Cathers

We plant seeds in open soil.

Planting can be done in autumn or spring. when to do this is a decision of the gardener himself. In any case, several conditions must be met: Seeds must be planted to a depth of about 3-4 cm. When planting several plants, it is necessary to maintain a distance of 30-40 cm. The plant does not have a high degree of germination (no more than 70%). For this reason, it is best to plant several seeds in each hole. You need to wait for the first shoots 15 days after the sowing. In the spring, the planting of seeds is left for May, when the soil has finally warmed up. However, the plant will begin to bloom only after a year. If you sow the seeds in the fall, you will be able to enjoy abundant flowering as early as the next summer. In the spring, the seedlings should be protected from the onset of frost at night, covered with jars or other means. the onset of thaws can also harm the plant. But if you manage to preserve the seedlings, then you will be able to observe the flowering throughout the summer period before the onset of winter frosts.

We use seedlings for reproduction.

Using this method of reproduction, you can get flowering in the year of planting in open soil. of course, if you can fulfill all the necessary conditions for growing seedlings. The timing of planting seeds for seedlings falls on the end of February to mid-March. Seeds must be planted in separate pots. The sprouts can be very easily damaged by transplanting. The air temperature for growing seedlings should be within +18 degrees.

Watering is necessary only after the soil has dried.

Seedlings of miniature varieties can be planted in flowerpots, floor pots, which you can leave in the garden or at home.

Plant seedlings in open soil only after the threat of winter frost has passed - mid-May.

Seeds and planting

First you need to collect the fruits. Those that have not yet matured to the end are best suited. As a rule, they are still covered with a slight blush. The seeds in them are not yet ripe, however, it is the material collected under such conditions that demonstrates the best indicators of germination.

Then, with a sharp knife, each fruit is cut into two halves, from which the seeds are extracted.Each seed must be separated from the pulp, which will further prevent germination. Don't be surprised if the seeds vary in color and size.

Further, all the collected material must be soaked for 20 minutes in a solution of hydrogen peroxide for disinfection. This will further reduce the chance of mold growth during stratification. It is normal for bubbles to form around the seeds. After that, the seeds are laid out on a substrate soaked in peroxide and covered with the same material. Use paper towels or cotton pads as a backing.

The material together with the substrate must be placed in separate bags so that the hydrogen peroxide does not evaporate quickly. Each bag should indicate the variety of rose from which the seeds were collected and the date. After that, they are sent to the refrigerator (+4 - +5 degrees) for the stratification process.

During this period, the seeds should be checked at least once every 3-4 days in order to prevent the appearance and spread of mold on them in time. This will require re-treatment with hydrogen peroxide. After 1.5-2 months, the first seedlings appear. Each such seed should be immediately placed in a separate pot, container or peat tablet. The surface of the substrate is mulched with perlite, which prevents the appearance of the "black leg". With the help of artificial lighting, it is necessary to provide a 10-hour daylight hours. Watering at this stage is carried out as the soil dries out. With such care, real leaves should appear soon.

A couple of months after planting, the first buds grow, which will stand closed for a very long time. It is worth noting that it is rather difficult to draw a conclusion on the first flowers, therefore, to decide the fate of the plant, you will need to wait for the second flowers.

Further, it all depends on the gardener. If the resulting rose satisfies the decorative requirements, then it can be placed in the garden. When removing roses from seeds gave weak bushes with thin shoots and low decorative properties, it is better to get rid of them right away. Therefore, seeds should be germinated in large quantities in order to increase the chances that a beautiful designer rose will be obtained.

More about growing roses: home bush and garden bush.

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Growing at home

Polyanthus roses are one of the few types of roses that grow well indoors. Still, usually roses prefer open ground - the room is too dry for them.

After buying a flower, give it time to adapt. Moving is stressful for him, he has to acclimatize. Then transplant into your pot. Better to do this in March.

Do not place the pot in direct sunlight. The best option is a southwest or southeast window. Maintain temperature and humidity in the room. If dry, spray the flower twice a day with water.

From October to February, the rose is dormant. Don't be alarmed when she starts shedding foliage - this is a natural process. Move the rose to a cool, ventilated area. Remove from the light and water from time to time, otherwise the plant will not recover well in the spring.

To awaken a rose, you need to start watering it regularly, as well as pruning. It is necessary to cut out weakened and broken shoots - leave a maximum of 5 strong shoots and from 3 to 6 buds.

After pruning, take out again to a cool place until the first leaves appear. Then place the rose in a permanent place in a warm room, on a lighted balcony. Further care for an indoor flower is the same as for a ground flower.

Plant propagation methods

This type of roses multiplies very easily, for example, cuttings take root as quickly as possible in a new place, with proper care, their survival rate will be 90%. In addition, rose seedlings can be obtained by seed.

Cuttings

For grafting, you need to select strong green shoots about 15 cm long, and you need to cut them off with a very sharp knife, since there should be no protrusions or fibers on the cut. Some gardeners recommend soaking the cuttings in a growth stimulant solution for a day before planting.

After that, the cuttings are placed in a container with clean and moist soil, and to evaporate the moisture, the container is covered with glass or film. In order for the cuttings to germinate, you can use as a substrate:

• peat;
• perlite;
• sand;
• sawdust.

Peat absorbs water very quickly, but also dries quickly, therefore it is very important to monitor the moisture level, since the cuttings can die very quickly after a short drying of the soil. Perlite perfectly absorbs water and gives it to plants when needed, while, unlike peat, no microorganisms start up in it

You can use wet sawdust only when germinating roses that have been treated with fungicides, in addition, they may contain a large amount of microflora harmful to flowers.

But sand is not the best substrate for germinating cuttings, since it is easy to overmoisten it, because of which the root system will experience oxygen starvation. In addition, it is best to calcine the sand before use to get rid of possible microorganisms.

When the first roots appear, the cuttings are transplanted into a deeper container. Roses are planted in a permanent place the next year.

Preparing rose seeds

Rose seeds from unripe fruits have better germination and growth strength, so you need to collect the fruits of the varieties you like at the end of summer, until they are fully ripe. Dry or rotten fruits are not suitable for planting. Carefully cut the pods in two and select the seeds, completely freeing them from the pulp. The seeds of roses are not dried, but washed for 20 minutes in a solution of hydrogen peroxide using a sieve. This is done to decontaminate and protect the seeds from mold. The shape and color of seeds from the same fruit may vary, but this is not considered a defect. From the seeds obtained, roses can be grown in two ways: at home and in the garden.

How to grow a rose from seeds at home?

To grow a rose from seed, you need to be patient and be very careful. Under natural conditions, rose seeds undergo stratification in the soil throughout the winter, so you should create similar conditions for your seeds.

• Prepare a seed bed from cloth napkins, paper towels, cotton pads, or any other material that can retain moisture. We moisten the substrate with a solution of hydrogen peroxide, place the seeds on it in one layer and cover with the second one with the same substrate.
• We place the entire structure in a plastic container or plastic bag and put it in the lower part of the refrigerator (vegetable section), where the temperature is kept within 5-7 ° C. Stratification lasts about 2 months under your constant supervision, periodically ventilate the contents of the bag, inspect the seeds and moisten the substrates if necessary.
• Sprouted rose seeds are placed in seedling pots or peat tablets. The most optimal temperature in the room for growing a rose from seeds is 18-20 ° C. To protect the seedlings from the black leg, it is necessary to provide the sprouts with good lighting for 10 hours, and it is advisable to mulch the soil surface in pots with a thin layer of perlite.
• Delicate rose sprouts require moderate watering, but excess moisture can lead to the death of seedlings.
• To ensure the development of the root system, the first buds must be cut off.

The whole process of growing a rose from seeds at home will last until spring.

Pots with seedlings should be taken out to a lighted, calm place, but avoid sunlight, gradually increasing their time in the fresh air.
In open ground, roses are planted in May in pre-prepared pits or trenches with fertile loose soil.

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Growing a rose from seeds in the garden

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Some experienced flower growers, having a large amount of seed, prefer to grow roses from seeds in a simpler way, entrusting stratification to nature.

• Prepared in the above described way, rose seeds are sown in August in a trench with loose fertilized soil, without deepening, but sprinkling them with a small amount of soil 0.5 cm.
• If autumn is dry, spray the garden bed and cover with any covering material to retain moisture in the upper layer.
• In the northern regions, for the winter, the garden bed is covered in the usual way: with leaves, hay and a covering canvas, throwing snow on top if possible.
• The shelter is removed in April and shoots are expected to appear. But if there is a threat of return frosts, then a low greenhouse is arranged over the garden.

Growing a rose from purchased seeds

The modern market offers seeds of Chinese, polyanthus, border and other varieties of roses. But not always grown specimens correspond to the varieties declared by the producers.

In order not to disrupt the natural course of cultivation, it is advisable to buy rose seeds at the end of summer.

• Soak the seeds for several hours in water with the addition of a growth stimulant to increase the energy of the seeds for faster germination.
• Spread the seeds on moistened soil in seedling pots or a box, sprinkling with wet sand on top with a layer of no more than 0.5 cm, slightly compacting.
• Spray the surface of the soil with a spray bottle and place the pots in a plastic bag filled with air.
• Leave the pots for two weeks at a room temperature of 18-20 ° C, and then put them in the basement or refrigerator, where the temperature does not rise above 7 ° C.

Stratification lasts 1.5 - 2 months, sometimes sprouts appear during this period, the main thing is not to miss the moment of emergence of sprouts. When sprouts appear, the pots are placed in a bright, cool place. For the prevention of "black leg" seedlings are additionally highlighted. In April, after hardening, the finished rose bushes are planted in the usual way in open ground.

Care

Healthy development and lush blooming require proper care

In order for a rose to bloom beautifully and magnificently, to be strong and healthy, it must be properly looked after. Let's consider in more detail the basic rules of care.

Watering

Rose watering

Drought and waterlogged soil are not particularly scary for a rose. But you do not need to over-water the flower. Lush flowering will be only with moderate watering.

Watering is necessary if the surface layer is noticeably dry. More frequent watering (1 time / week) is required during the period when the first buds appear and until the end of flowering. When the rose has bloomed, watering is stopped to prepare it for the winter period.

Fertilizers

Fertilizer for roses

Top dressing is applied from the onset of the spring period. Ready-made mineral compositions can be used, as well as a self-prepared chicken manure solution. It is diluted 1:20 and infused for 1 week before use.

Important: Nitrogen fertilization is applied with great care. Its overabundance leads to abundant growth of greenery and poor flowering.

Pruning

Pruning a rose

It is necessary to form a rose bush. Pruning is carried out in several stages:

• at the beginning of the growing season
• throughout its length

They begin to cut the plant with the onset of spring when the first leaves appear. Pruning is subject to last year, with diseases and damage to the branches.

Old foliage also breaks off. Removing healthy branches that grow towards the center will avoid excessive density of the green mass. To make the bushes of a beautiful shape, 1/3 of the length of all branches is removed.

Pruning the top of the bush will give it a lot of branching and lushness.Throughout the growing season, faded buds and old branches are cut off.

Wintering

Shelter spunbond for the winter

Even with good resistance to low temperatures, polyanthus roses need additional protection for the winter. If you do not cover them and the temperature drops below -5C, they may not withstand the onset of cold weather.

The formation of the shelter begins in the middle of autumn, when the rose has already faded. Before sheltering, the flower must be cut off. Dried buds are removed from it, all shoots that are broken and sick.

It is necessary to cover in dry weather conditions, otherwise condensation will appear on the material. For protection, you can use a box that is suitable in size, backfilling with sawdust, fallen leaves.

The covering layer must be good, then the plant will be in a comfortable environment. Also, for a shelter, a frame installation can be constructed and a spunbond, dense agrofilm can be pulled over it.

Shelter should be kept until spring. With the onset of warm sunny days, the protective material opens gradually. This will ventilate the plant and prevent it from overheating and rotting.

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Growing a rose stock from seeds at home

Sowing seeds for seedlings at home is carried out from late March to early April, in greenhouses - at the end of February - early March. In open ground, seeds are sown in early June or late August.

Since this variety of roses has a rod-shaped root, it is recommended to sow the seeds in separate containers so as not to damage it during transplantation. Peat pots are best suited for this purpose. The pot is filled with soil, moistened with a spray bottle and the seed is buried in it by 10 mm. The containers are covered with polyethylene to create a greenhouse effect.

The pots are placed in a room with a temperature of + 19-21 degrees. Every day, the polyethylene is removed for a short time to ventilate the seedlings. The first shoots will appear in 14-16 days. If the seeds were nevertheless sown in a common container, they should be thinned out, leaving a distance between the shoots of 4 cm.Only well-developed seedlings should be left.

Care

Before transplanting to a permanent place of growth, the following care is taken for the seedlings:

1. Watering is carried out regularly, but in moderation. Excessive moisture will lead to root rot.
2. Loosening of the soil is performed after each watering to prevent stagnation of moisture in the soil and the formation of a crust on the surface of the soil, which prevents the penetration of oxygen.
3. Ventilation of the room is carried out daily, however, care should be taken that there are no drafts.
4. Hardening is performed two weeks before transplanting seedlings to a flower bed. To do this, in good weather, the seedlings are taken out into fresh air. Initially, the time spent on the street seedlings should not exceed two hours. The time is gradually increased. Before transplanting, leave containers with plants outside overnight.

Growing a rose stock outdoors

To grow a rose stock in open beds, you must choose the right site. It should be well lit and protected from drafts. The site is prepared in advance by digging and fertilizing it. It is not advisable to plant the rose on sandy or clay soil.

In the prepared soil, planting holes are made with a depth of 20-30 mm. The interval between the holes is 50 cm. Two seeds are placed in each hole. It is covered with a thin layer of soil, slightly compacted and watered moderately. The first shoots will appear 14 days after planting. When two true leaves appear on the seedlings, it is necessary to thin out, leaving the most developed seedling.

Care

For young seedlings, the following care measures must be taken:

1. Watering is performed as the topsoil dries up. The plants are watered sparingly, being careful not to fall on the leaves.
2. Plant feeding is carried out for the first time after planting the seeds. For this, universal fertilizers are used. The second top dressing is applied in August.
3. You need to tie the plant up when it grows up to 150 cm. Wooden pegs are driven in next to the plant as a support. Soft ropes are used for the garter.

Growing from seeds at home

Far from all varieties produce seeds suitable for further cultivation. So, this method of propagation is not applicable to hybrid polyanthus roses: plants grown from seeds inherit the characteristics of the original varieties, and not the hybrid that gave rise to them.

Here are some of the polyanthus roses grown by seed:

• miniature;
• brown (from the genus of rose hips);
• spiny;
• canin.

In addition to these, there are several more species that give full-fledged seeds, but they are less common. There is no need to wait for the full ripening of the capsules: seeds from immature ones have better germination. Therefore, towards the end of summer, the boxes are forcibly opened with a knife.

To remove the seeds, the pulp inside the capsule is carefully separated.

The shape and size of the seeds, even taken out of the same box, can be very different, this is normal. Only dried up and rotten ones are rejected. Without drying, the seeds are placed in a sieve and washed with hydrogen peroxide: disinfection and prevention of fungal damage.

Before sowing the material, it is stratified. This is the name of the exposure of seeds at a certain temperature, which is very important for their further development and even successful flowering.

They do it like this:

• take a material with good absorbency - a paper towel or thick cloth - and soak it with hydrogen peroxide;
• lay out the seeds on the material and cover with the same sheet on top;
• the resulting "sandwich" is placed in a plastic container;
• put the box in the refrigerator away from the freezer.

The storage time in the refrigerator is approximately 2 months. During the entire period, the substrate under the seeds is kept moist (saturated with ordinary water). When the sprouts hatch, the seeds are removed from the refrigerator and proceed to the next stage.

Sprouted material is planted in miniature pots filled with peat substrate. You should not wait for all seeds to germinate in the refrigerator: as soon as the sprout has appeared, the seed is planted. If this is not done, the young sprout will die in the cold.

For germination, it is important to provide the following conditions:

• temperature: + 20C (only small deviations are allowed);
• duration of daylight hours: 10 hours (for short days, add artificial lighting);
• regular ventilation.

Planting in open ground is carried out in the second year, that is, the first spring-summer seedlings are carried out in pots.

If the latter were initially very small, the plants are transplanted into larger containers after about 3 weeks. In the first year with the arrival of spring, on sunny days, the pots are taken out to the balcony, subjecting the seedlings to hardening. Some gardeners run the risk of planting rose bushes as early as the 1st year. This should be done at the end of May, when the soil has already warmed up enough.

More viable, strong and lush, the plant is obtained by stratification in vivo. But this process is risky and requires sufficient experience. Novice gardeners are advised to resort to it only when there is an excess of seed, since some of it is likely to die.

Natural stratification is carried out as follows:

1. in the fall, trenches are dug on the site and filled with loose fertile soil;
2. they lay seeds in the soil and sprinkle them on top with it - a layer 0.5 cm thick;
3. in dry weather, the trenches are sprayed with water and covered with polyethylene - it prevents moisture evaporation;
4. closer to winter, trenches are insulated: they are covered with straw, hay, dry leaves or spruce branches;
5. in April, the insulation is removed.In northern latitudes, cold nurseries are arranged above the trenches: a frame is installed and covered with polyethylene. This protection will prevent the roses from freezing during a cold snap.

When the plants grow enough and get stronger, they are planted in the beds.

Before taking the shoots of the rose into the open air, it is advisable to mulch the soil with perlite, a layer 1 cm thick - this is protection against diseases.

Propagation by cuttings

In most cases, roses are propagated by cuttings. To do this, it is necessary to choose green shoots from a healthy plant, the size of which should be about 15 cm. They must be cut off with a very sharp knife. In this case, the cut should be very even, there should be no protruding fibers on it. Before planting, the cuttings are soaked in a growth stimulant solution according to the attached instructions. Next, the cuttings should be placed in a container with a clean, damp substrate. And to reduce the evaporation of moisture, the container must be covered with a plastic bag or lid. For germination of cuttings, you can use perlite, coconut fibers, peat, sand or sawdust.

When the first roots appear on the handle, they must be transplanted into a separate pot. For further cultivation, the plant will need bright lighting, as well as a large amount of nutrients.

You can also plant young plants in a temporary bed.

However, you should pay attention to the fact that direct sunlight and overdrying of the soil should be avoided. You should also mulch the planting and cover it with transparent material.

In the hot season, the temperature under the film can rise sharply, so it is best to use agrofiber for shelter. Young plants are planted in a permanent place only the next year.

Growing a polyanthus rose from seeds

Such roses can be grown on their own from seeds. It will be cheaper and will not be difficult if certain rules are followed. In addition, many seedlings can be obtained in this way.

The seeds of these plants are considered to be tugovidny. Preparation should be started in early December in order to get seedlings in late winter or spring. It is preliminarily recommended to rinse them for about 10 minutes with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and then hold them under running water. This will ensure decontamination. Further, the seeds should be in a damp cloth for 10-12 days.

Get a large container or tray of cells and seedling soil. Seeds must be planted one at a time in each cell to a depth of 5 mm. Moisten the ground, cover with plastic

It is important to keep the soil moisture and temperature around 18 degrees until the crops appear (about 2 months). Then the film is removed

Every 2 weeks it is necessary to add fertilizing from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The sprouts also need to maintain temperature, humidity and light levels.

By the summer they will be still too weak, so they are grown on the balcony or in a sheltered place on the site, and by autumn they are returned to the windowsill.

The best varieties and their characteristics

Here is a description of the most common varieties of polyanthus roses.

Animo

An almost fiery shade of rose, with yellow petals prominent at the core. An unopened elongated bud turns into a beautiful double rose, rather large - about 6-7 cm. A medium-sized bush looks picturesque throughout the summer season.

Wing Ding

Small roses blooming with an unusually rich red color. Bushes of medium height, no more than half a meter, sag under the weight of a huge number of incredibly bright buds and glossy leaves. They have a light pink scent. They bloom twice over the summer, until the onset of real cold weather.

Garden scent

This variety is of Russian selection. A miniature, almost dwarf bush does not exceed 30 cm, it is grown not only as a perennial for alpine slides and a rose garden, but also as a potted plant for the home. Easily wins primacy among its fellows in the abundance and variety of flowering.Double and semi-double flowers practically shower the bushes so that the foliage is not visible. To preserve all the characteristics, it is preferable to grow from seeds by seedlings.

The Fairy

Quite tall bushes with rich green foliage adorn the garden from early spring, first with a riot of greenery, then with luxurious flowering. Small buds in inflorescences have 20-30 pieces. Unpretentiousness, easy care, continuous flowering, light aroma.

Polyantha Rose Royal Minueto

Gorgeous roses with a distinctive color transition. Bushes of medium height up to half a meter with glossy leaves and inflorescences of several buds.

Border King

A low, abundantly flowering plant, often used in landscape design, in city parks and squares. It withstands temperature changes well, is not afraid of frost.

Manou meilland

An unpretentious rose for beginners, does not require special care, as it is distinguished by its endurance and frost resistance. Dark pink flowers have a scent, which is quite rare for polyanthus roses. Bloom until frost.

Bright flowers that attract admiring glances. A strong plant, requires timely pruning.

Angel wings

Representative of indoor polyanthus roses. A miniature rose, only 25-30 cm in diameter, with a bud diameter of no more than 10 cm, has a weak aroma. Semi-double flowers of very delicate shades from white to almost lilac. Propagated by seed, even without the stratification required for other varieties. Has a good germination capacity. Interestingly, the "angelic" rose blooms within a few months after planting. Loves bright lighting, but cannot stand high temperatures. To create a comfortable environment, frequent spraying and gentle maintenance is required. Gentle watering, in winter it stops altogether so that the plant can rest.