Passionflower

What does it look like

Passion flower has over 400 species. Edible passionflower is the most common of them. Passionflower is an ampelous (climbing) plant, so a hanging pot will become the most comfortable home for it. The stalks of the wildly climbing passionflower fall out of the planter like yeast dough rising in a saucepan. Their luscious green color fits perfectly into the interior decoration of the house. And flowers, which have a completely cosmic look and strong aroma, become the real pride of an amateur florist. You can judge the beauty of a plant by the characteristics from the table.

Table - Appearance and features of passion flower

How to properly care for room passionflower

In order for passionflower to please with beautiful flowering and fruits, you need to know how to properly care for homemade passionflower. Her homeland is tropical forests, so you need to try to recreate the necessary conditions for her.

Passiflora (passionflower) - Passiflora caerulea is often grown as a houseplant.

Indoors, it does not grow as fast as in nature, but pleases its owners with a beautiful flowering. Because of it passion flower is appreciated by lovers of exotic plants, but such flowers "live" no more than a day. Therefore, regardless of the number of buds formed on passionflower, they are not removed.

To grow passionflower from a seedling at home, you need to choose the right soil mixture. It should consist of turf, peat and sand. You can purchase a begonia mix that will also work for the young root system of passion flower.

The bottom of the pot is covered with a drainage layer: if there is no ready-made drainage purchased, you can create it yourself. To do this, you need to mix small pieces of foam with perlite. Drainage from equal proportions of expanded clay, pebbles and rubble is also suitable. Such a layer at the bottom of the pot should be at least 3 cm.

An ideal place for a passionflower flower in your usual home conditions is on the windowsill of a window that faces south. The plant does not tolerate stagnant air, so in summer you can take it out into the garden or leave it on the balcony. For passionflower, this is the ideal location: it requires a lot of air and light all year round. But passiflora is damaged by drafts and sudden temperature changes. An exotic plant does not like extreme heat, so it is undesirable to place it in a room with a temperature above + 29˚С.

Caring for amazing passion flower in an unsuitable home environment is not limited to maintaining the correct temperature and lighting control. Passion flower stems need a reliable support on which they can trail. Shoots several meters long are best guided on trellises. They should be directed in time in the right direction of growth, because the stems quickly become stiff.

Another nuance that you should pay attention to is watering: in summer it is plentiful, in winter it is limited. Watering in winter should be rare, little by little, so that the earthen lump does not dry out

In the summer heat, the humidity of the air around the plant is increased by spraying: in dry weather and high temperatures, it is necessary daily.

Correct planting and the necessary care for passionflower at home is complemented by top dressing: from March to August it should be fed weekly. You can apply not only organic fertilizers, but also mineral additives

Please note that the soil must be moist. Additives should not come into direct contact with plant roots

It is important not to overdo it, because passion flower is very sensitive to the amount of nutrients in the substrate.

Young plants definitely need a transplant: passion flower grows, and the root system needs a more spacious container. This procedure is an integral part of the cultivation and care of exotic passionflower. It allows you to renew the soil, remove rotten root areas.

She must be given pruning: before transplanting, all shoots should be cut out, except for two or three. The transplant is carried out in the spring. Old plants are transplanted occasionally, young ones annually. A plant can be considered an adult after 6-8 years of its growth.

At the same time, you should not choose the size of the container for the plant "in reserve": if the pot is too large, the passion flower can begin to grow foliage and root system, and you will have to forget about flowering this year.

How to grow passionflower from seeds at home

Propagation of passionflower is possible with the help of cuttings and seeds. If you do not have an adult plant yet, then the seed method is for you. Sowing passionflower seeds is simple but can take a long time. All species germinate in different ways: from several weeks to even a year.

Popular varieties:

• Alata red - winged passionflower, it is also called the Brazilian passion fruit. It has deep red petals topped with a purple and white crown. It rises pretty quickly.
• Maestro is an edible passionflower with highly decorative lilac-white flowers.
• Sweet grandilla - ligulate lilac-white flowers and sweet fruits.
• Giant grandilla - red-purple flowers with a wavy crown.

How to plant passionflower seeds:

1. The first thing to do is to prepare your seeds by softening their dense shell. To do this, rub them with sandpaper or a nail file on all sides.
2. Then soak the seeds in acidic juice, hydrogen peroxide or Epin's solution for a day.
3. Prepare the soil - mix equal parts seedling soil with vermiculite (or sand) and peat.
4. Pour soil into the germination container.
5. Dip the seeds into the soil by about 1 cm.
6. Cover with clear plastic or glass.
7. Moisten the soil with a spray bottle.
8. When shoots appear, remove the shelter.
9. When 2 true leaves appear, the seedlings dive into separate pots.

Secrets of fast seed germination

• The optimum temperature for germination is + 20-25 degrees.
• The soil should be moderately moist at all times.
• Ventilate the seedlings often, remove condensation from the glass.
• A 12-hour daylight is required, additional lighting may be required.

Further care

Place young plants on a sunny windowsill. A tropical guest needs a lot of light. The temperature in summer should be about + 22-25 degrees, and in winter not lower than + 13-15. Regular watering is required, without stagnant moisture, as well as spraying.

The first year the plant forms the main branch. Even a small liana already needs support. In the second year, 2 or 3 lateral shoots are also attached to the support. The rest of the shoots are pruned every year. Buds will form on young shoots.

The flowering of passion flowers grown from seeds depends on the variety - after 1-3 years. And the fruits can appear from the age of two.

Passion flower in the garden

Although passionflower is a thermophilic tropical plant, it can be grown outdoors. But you have to follow the comfortable conditions for her.

Choose the right passionflower varieties for your garden. In the garden, incarnate and blue passionflower will feel best. They can withstand temperatures as low as -15.In the southern regions, the tropical beauty can hibernate in the garden. In the middle lane - wintering should take place indoors. Other types of passion flower also need to be transferred to the house for the winter.

Next to the liana, it is necessary to place a support along which it will climb.

Water passionflower regularly from spring to autumn, spray with warm water in summer. Lack of water and fertilizing directly affect flowering. For lush flowering from March to August, special fertilizers for flowering plants should be applied every 14 days. You can also alternate mineral fertilizers with organic matter.

To make the heat-loving passionflower feel good in the garden, keep an eye on the temperature. In summer, it should not be lower than 18 degrees. On the winter is transplanted into a pot and transferred to a room with a temperature of about 10-15 degrees. In this case, it is not necessary to water the vine during the dormant period. You can also bring the pot into the house. At room temperature, it should be watered once every 10 days. Prune in early spring to stimulate new shoot growth and abundant flowering.

Spectacular passion flower will become the highlight of any landscape design in the country. With its help, you can create a tropical or Mediterranean atmosphere. Plants planted in open ground look good, as well as in pots displayed near a house or a terrace.

Try decorating your garden or home with this exotic beauty. Until next time, dear friends.

Conditions of detention

Location in the house and temperature

Basically, passion flower is grown as an ampelous plant. In conditions of apartment cultivation, the plant requires a lot of light. Therefore, it would be best to place it on a window facing the south side of the house.

Since passionflower is a vine, it is necessary to provide supports so that the plant can grow upward. It is highly undesirable to direct its growth along the “lower” level, since in this case the number of formed deciduous sinuses (and with them flowers) will be extremely small.

Plant in the open field

The temperature for keeping a plant is one of the most important growing conditions. You can water and feed the plant relatively haphazardly, you can place it in the shade, you can not prune it, and so on, but the temperature regime must be strictly observed.

This has two important aspects:

1 Passionflower is a seasonal plant. It can tolerate some decreases in temperature during the dormant period (some species even survive frosts). However, such temperature changes during active growth are very dangerous for the plant.

2 The plant has a kind of "corridor" in the values ​​of permissible temperatures. Both excessive cooling and too much overheating are equally destructive for passionflower.

The temperature in summer for the normal growth of passion flower should be within + 18-24 ° C. During this period, a drop in temperature to + 15 ° C or its excess above + 25 ° C leads to a significant slowdown in plant growth and withering of part of its leaves.

If you go beyond these values ​​even more (below + 10 ° С or above + 30 ° С), then the plant in most cases cannot be saved.

Homemade passionflower

In winter, the "temperature corridor" can drop by about 5-8 ° C, that is, the comfortable temperature for the plant will be in the range from + 12 ° C to + 18 ° C.

The plant does not like drafts, as well as daily temperature drops. In summer, it is recommended to take it out into the open air, but it should be remembered that the difference between day and night temperatures should not exceed 5-8 ° C.

Soil and container

The plant needs a small pot, the size of which, as a rule, does not change throughout the life of the flower.

You should not use a large container, since the growth cycle of passionflower follows a very simple algorithm: first the roots, then the leaves corresponding to these roots in the first few axils, and only at the end the further growth of the stems upward and the formation of flowers and fruits.

A large pot can significantly postpone the moment of meeting the first passionflower flower. Ceramic pots with a volume of 1.5 to 2.5 liters are optimal.

At the bottom of the pot there is a drainage with a height of about 1.5-2 cm

It is also advisable to use trays for pots, as the watering of the plant will be abundant.

The soil for the plant can be any, however, more preferable is slightly acidic or neutral. Its composition is standard for most tropical plants;

The following components are taken in the same proportion:

• turf land
• leaf land
• peat
• sand

You can also use commercially available soil for succulents, violets, and so on. The use of soil formulations like soil for orchids is not recommended in this case. Lianas, unlike orchids, have a slightly different feeding system.

Air humidity

Air humidity when growing passionflower must be high. It is necessary to regularly spray the plant with water from a spray bottle with water. You can place the plant near water sources (for example, in the kitchen, or near an aquarium), or use artificial air humidifiers.

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How, when, how much is

In tropical countries, granadilla ripens twice a year: a bountiful harvest begins at the end of the rainy season, which should be taken into account when buying fruits during an overseas vacation. You can find fruits in supermarkets all year round, but they are unlikely to be as tasty. The reason is simple: it is difficult to deliver them ripe without damage or spoilage. It is not recommended to eat the peel: to keep the fruit longer, it is treated with chemicals. Peeling passion fruit is easy: with a sharp knife, you need to make a continuous incision 3-5 mm deep along the entire fruit in order to divide it into 2 halves. It is most convenient to eat the pulp with a teaspoon, without separating it from the seeds. They are soft and easy to chew without causing discomfort or harm to the stomach. Sour varieties can be flavored with sugar or honey. The original way of using it is with pepper and salt. This is how granadilla is eaten in the Philippines and Thailand.

You can eat the fruit at any time of the day: its pulp pleasantly refreshes without leaving a feeling of heaviness. However, it is worth considering the effect of drowsiness that the seeds give: if your body is sensitive to it, you should use passion fruit in the evening, as a light sleeping pill and sedative.

Description of passionflower, plant species

Passion flower belongs to thermophilic cultures, because its habitat is tropical and subtropical climate. You can meet the plant in Peru, Australia, Asia, less often - in the Caucasus. Passiflora is an annual as well as a perennial herb and a climbing shrub.

Depending on the species, the leaves are whole or lobed. Passiflora has very large flowers with a rich color, which have a pleasant aroma. The beautiful and unusual flowering of passionflower for our latitudes can be seen in the photo.

Most species have special glands that produce fluid. This substance attracts ants, which scare away caterpillars. After flowering, fruits grow on the stems - passion fruit or granadilla.

Blue passionflower

This specimen is an evergreen vine, which can be found in the Andes, which are located in the southern part of Argentina. Flowers on a plant are arranged singly and can reach a diameter of about 10 cm. The blossoming flower exudes a delicate pleasant aroma.

Blue passionflower has gained immense popularity due to its unpretentiousness and endurance.

Many growers grow this variety precisely because of its amazing aroma. Orange fruits ripen on the liana, the length of which varies within 7 cm. The deciduous part is colored bright green. In good light, you can see that the leaves are cast in a blue tint.

Passionflower Smelly

Passionflower Smelly is a perennial creeping variety. Its thin stem is covered with yellow sticky pubescence.The plant got its name from the leaves, which exude a faint unpleasant aroma. The smell intensifies when the leaves are damaged or when they are rubbed. The flowers are colored light cream or white. The diameter of one flower can reach 6 cm. The fruits of the plant grow up to 3 cm in length. The color of the fruit ranges from red to light orange.

Only ripe fruits can be eaten, because unripe ones are considered toxic.

The leaves of the plant contain flavonoids that have a detrimental effect on some species of butterflies. The caterpillars of these butterflies can infect most passion flowers, but it is the Smelly species that is bypassed. Leaves and stems can poison not only caterpillars, but also animals.

Passionflower Reed

Passion flower Reed (sweet granadilla) is a tree-like vine with small edible fruits. Ovoid fruits can grow up to 8 cm in diameter. It is this species that is widespread in cooking.

The fruits of the plant taste good and contain a large amount of vitamins.

The shoots of the plant are cylindrical, smooth, and can grow up to 4 m per season. The whole leaves are broadly oval in shape and reach about 10 cm in length. The diameter of the flower varies from 5 to 10 cm. The petals are colored pink or white.

Passionflower Incarnate

The flower grows well in indoor conditions, and at warm temperatures - in the garden. The stems are curly, like those of a liana, and can grow up to 10 m. The color of the flowers depends on the variety, but purple specimens are most often found. The fruits have a sweet and sour taste and a yellow-green color.

The incarnate species is distinguished by a high content of substances useful to humans, therefore it is used in both traditional and folk medicine.

Passionflower Bat

This species belongs to the rare and unusual varieties of passion flower. The plant grows well and forms fruit both at home and in open soil. A medium-sized liana has shiny leathery leaves, the shape of which resembles the wings of a bat. On the leaf, variegation begins from the center in the form of light strokes and spots. The leaf grows up to 15 cm long. The flowers of the plant are small, up to 3 cm. The petals are yellow.

The main advantage of the Bat is considered to be beautiful leaves, because the flowers of the plant are small and have a dull color.

Passionflower Edulis

The homeland of the thermophilic liana is considered to be Brazil, where the plant lives in the open field. The flower is also called "crimson granadilla". Passiflora edulis is notable for its short stature, because its maximum height is 5 m.

Most often, this species is grown as a fruit plant.

Already in the second year after planting, the vine forms tasty fruits. Egg-shaped fruits range in color from green-yellow to deep purple. For example, the Maestro variety has reddish-brown fruits. The lilac-white flowers of the variety reach 12 cm in diameter.

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Botanical description of Passiflora

Passiflora (Passiflora) is a herbaceous plant or climbing evergreen shrub from the Passionflower family. In the wild, the plant can be either annual or perennial with lignified shoots.

The leaf plates are simple, whole or lobed, dark green in color. On the stem of Passiflora, large axillary flowers bloom on long stalks. The flowers are star-shaped. Their diameter reaches up to 10 cm. The flower consists of five petals - according to the number of wounds of Jesus Christ, the same number of sepals. They also have large bracts, and in the center there is an ovary with three stigmas.

Around the ovaries there are five stamens with large anthers. The color of the flowers is bright. They exude a pleasant aroma, but they have a very short lifespan. Flowering occurs in July.

After flowering, a fruit is formed and begins to ripen, the length of which is 6 cm. The fruit is not only tasty, but also very useful. The fruit is known to many as the tropical passionfruit.

Passionflower is growing rapidly. Many growers grow it as an ampelous plant.

Passionflower incarnata

Conditions of detention

Passionflower is an exotic plant for Russia. This inhabitant of humid subtropical forests needs certain conditions for development, flowering and fruiting.

Lighting

Passionflower prefers well-lit places. It grows better in the sun than in partial shade. He is not afraid of direct light. Shaded areas are contraindicated for him.

Lighting Features:

1. In the summer, it is useful to take the liana to fresh air. It is advisable to place it in a sunny and warm place.
2. In winter, the vine needs additional lighting. It can be created by placing a phytolamp next to the plant.
3. The best place for the location of the creeper is the east and west windows. They are evenly illuminated during the day, but there are no scorching rays on them, as on the southern windows.
4. A little shade is allowed, but to the detriment of flowering. Shading reduces the intensity and density of the bloom.

During the cold period, the plant receives little light and gradually gets used to such conditions. When warmth comes, and daylight hours increase, it is necessary to gradually accustom the passionflower to more intense and prolonged lighting. If the plant is exposed to the sun without preparation, it will get sunburn.

Temperature

Passion flower is thermophilic, but does not like heat and dryness. It grows best at moderate temperatures. The optimum range is from +20 to + 25 ° C. In winter, the plant adapts to more severe conditions. During this period, the liana has enough temperature from +13 to + 18 ° C.

Humidity

Liana comes from the subtropics, so it loves high humidity. She is uncomfortable in dry air. To meet the needs of passionflower in a humid environment, it is periodically sprayed with water. Spraying is especially needed in winter, when the house is heated.

To raise the level of humidity, porous materials are placed in the pallet - peat, moistened expanded clay or other porous materials. It is not permissible that the bottom of the container in which the liana grows comes into contact with the water flowing into the pan.

In the dry air, the South American liana is sick and withers away. The growth of stems, whiskers and leaves is slowed down, and the inflorescences fall off.

Attention! Passionflower should be sprayed and watered with water at room temperature. Cold water liana is contraindicated.

Types and photos of passionflower flowers

Traditional passionflower is a tropical plant brought to us from the African and South American latitudes. This is essentially a tall, liana-like plant, which, as a support, can pick up a hedge or another larger and stronger tree for further growth.

The green stems of some varieties of passion flower have important healing qualities: some are able to treat some liver diseases, others relieve eye diseases, and still others act as an effective natural laxative. In broad medical circles, the real benefits of the beautiful passion flower of the incarnate are recognized for maintaining health, which is used in the manufacture of certain medicines.

The passionflower genus consists of 500 subspecies. Some subspecies of passionflower can successfully develop in the open field, they can freely withstand severe frosts up to -15, are quite suitable for breeding in the middle lane. All unique passion flowers are massive tree-like lianas, which, even in the usual apartment conditions, are able to develop with a maximum height of 5-7 meters, and in the wild, their growth can reach 10 meters.

Gorgeous blue passionflower, in the common people the Cavalier Star, as a cultivated plant is most often found on the most beautiful coast of the Black Sea. Its gorgeous flowers, either bluish or classic white, bloom continuously from spring to late autumn.

Blue passionflower flower: photo

Healing passionflower incarnate has earned its worthy vocation in official medicine. Its green stems with small, poorly developed fruits are dried and used as a medicinal raw material. It is this flower that is found in many safe herbal sedatives. The ripe fruits of this magnificent flower are quite edible, in size they are very similar to the fruits of the apricot, this quality is associated with the second unique name of this unusual plant - delicious "apricot liana".

Flower of passionflower passionflower incarnate: photo

Beautiful fleshy red passionflower, purple granadilla (passionfruit), is famous for its incredibly tasty fruits, otherwise they are called the fruits of true passion. A small amount of tender pulp of ripe fruits is added to fruit jams, lightweight yoghurts, natural juices. Generally, grenadilla means pear.

Passion flower fleshy red (granadilla purpurea): photo

The non-standard passion fruit is also a wonderful passion flower with a gorgeous yellow tint. Its green leaves are similar to the noble laurel plant, but it is capable of producing excellent fruits annually with delicate, white flesh, which have a unique sweetish flavor. Sweet passionflower is a fruit plant used for artificial vertical gardening.

Flower and edible fruits of passionflower (yellow passionfruit): photo

A non-standard variety of passion flower - apple-shaped passion flower, in common people received the name chulyupa. The passionflower plant has round, edible fruits.

Passion flower apple (chulyupa): photo

Unusual banana passionflower is able to delight many with its size, because with normal care it can grow up to 40 meters high. Her fruits have a similar shape to a banana.

Banana passionflower: photo

The smelly passionflower gets its name from the unpleasant, repulsive odor that its devastated leaves are capable of exuding. It has large cream-colored inflorescences and original yellow fruits that can be eaten directly.

Edible fruit of passionflower (stinking passionflower): photo

How to grow indoor passionflower and plant propagation (with video)

Passionflower blooms well in warm sunny rooms; in cool, non-sunny rooms, it turns into an ornamental deciduous plant. In winter, when growing passionflower, you need to provide the plant with enough light, and also make sure that the plant does not overcool.

Air circulation is also very important and helps to avoid rotting and fungal diseases. If possible, use a small fan at all times, both in winter and summer.

Accommodation. The home flower of passionflower is thermophilic and photophilous, it needs a bright, sunny room. For normal growth, passionflower should be placed in a bright, sunny room without drafts. However, in winter, it is advisable to place the plant in a cool room with a temperature of at least 4-5 ° C. In summer, it is useful to take it out into the air (in a slightly shaded place).

Rest period. In autumn, indoor passionflower should be prepared for rest: cut the lashes, leaving only shoots 20-30 cm high. In winter, watering is reduced, but the earthen coma should not be allowed to dry out. The soil should always be slightly damp.

The soil. The land is preferable poor (as for cacti), with good drainage. Recommended mixture: 1 part cactus soil, 1/2 part sand, 1/2 part fine expanded clay.

A suitable substrate is sod and compost soil, humus and peat (1: 1: 1: 1).

Passionflower is an easy-to-care plant. It is enough to adhere to the rules: do not flood, do not allow the soil to dry out until the leaves wither (this can lead to the dropping of buds and leaves), a lot of sun and feeding with a minimum nitrogen content.

Watering the plant. When caring for a passionflower flower, watering is required abundant in summer, sharply limited in winter, but the soil lump should always be slightly damp. In winter, the plant is often sprayed.

Watering should be done as the soil dries up, preferably daily in summer, and every 3–7 days in winter (depending on the size of the pot, temperature and humidity). Rule of thumb: the cooler, the drier. Spraying has a very beneficial effect on plants, increasing the breathable surface of the leaf and encouraging flowering.

The young flower buds of the indoor passionflower plant often fall off from indoor or greenhouse plants. Sometimes this is due to the high dryness of the air or due to the red spider mite, which loves dry air. To care for passionflower correctly, as advised by experienced flower growers, it is imperative to spray the top and bottom of the leaves or use a moisturizer. This will help you have healthy plants. If the soil in the pot begins to dry out quickly, place it on a pallet of damp sand and water the sand when watering the plant.

Top dressing. For a passionflower grown at home, weekly feeding is useful during the growing season. However, an excess of fertilizer leads to foliage build-up and cessation of flowering.

Transfer. Young plants should be transplanted annually in spring, and adults should be transplanted every three years into a soil mixture consisting of equal parts of peat, humus and sod land.

Pruning. In the fall, the lashes must be cut at a height of 20-30 cm

When caring for a passionflower flower at home, pruning should be done very carefully and only when really urgently needed (for example, the plant has grown too large and does not fit on the windowsill)

Reproduction. Cuttings at a temperature of 20-21ᵒС in spring and summer, rarely seeds. For propagation of passionflower, you can cut off a piece of the stem even with one leaf and root it in water.

Around the gazebo, you can plant cuttings or young plants of passionflower at the end of May - in a month the whole gazebo will be entwined with an exotic liana, and you will get a wonderful resting place that will fill you with energy and self-confidence.

The main pests that interfere with the cultivation and care of passionflower are spider mites and thrips. Excessive soil moisture in the cold season leads to root rot.

This video shows how to grow passionflower at home:

Reproduction

Like many other plants, passionflower can reproduce in two ways.

Propagation by cuttings

In the spring, the passion flower has new shoots, then it is recommended to cut them off. It is necessary to measure five centimeters from the bud of the plant and cut off only the middle shoots. Choose cuttings that have a few small leaves on the surface. It is recommended to treat the cut of shoots with any means intended for the effective formation of the root system. At the next stage, we take a small container and fill it with drainage.

A specially prepared soil mixture can be poured over the drainage. It is necessary to make holes in it for cuttings. A small number of leaves on the shoot should be concentrated at the same level with the ground. After planting, the plant needs to be watered and a small greenhouse should be made for it, covering it with a special film. It is removed every week to ventilate the plant. The plant takes root only under the condition of moist soil and the required temperature (+20 degrees). The greenhouse cover is removed within 30 days after planting.When the root system is fully strengthened, the passionflower can be transplanted.

Features of rooting passionflower cuttings at home are given below.

Propagation using seeds

March is the most suitable time for planting. Seeds from my own plant have a very poor germination rate, so it is recommended to buy them in specialized stores. Before the sowing process, the seeds need scarification. This process violates the integrity of the shell, which in the future will allow the passion flower to germinate faster. To carry out this process, you can take sandpaper.

Next, you need to take a small container, put the seeds there and fill them with milk. In some cases, orange juice can also be used. Seeds that have floated to the surface should be thrown away, since nothing will germinate from them. After the seeds have absorbed the liquid, they are pressed into the prepared, moist soil. After disembarking, the container is covered with any material and placed on a well-lit windowsill. The optimum temperature for normal germination is + 22-25 degrees. The cover can be removed after the first shoots appear in the container. To strengthen the plant, it is transplanted into renewed soil.