Landing rules
Chrysanthemum is a thermophilic and photophilous flower. For a beautiful lush flowering, it requires a lot of sunlight. Even in partial shade, the chrysanthemum refuses to bloom. They are planted in a slightly acidic soil that allows water to pass through well. During the digging of the soil for planting, it is necessary to add organic fertilizers to it - a bucket of manure, peat or compost per square meter.
You should not be zealous - too much organic matter leads to rapid growth of leaves, and the flowers will be small.
Plants can be planted in spring or autumn at least two weeks before frost. For planting, holes or trenches are made, the distance between seedlings is up to half a meter.
Perennial chrysanthemums are transplanted every three to four years. The transplant is usually done in the spring and is accompanied by dividing the bush. This is one of the ways chrysanthemum propagates. In addition, the plant can be propagated by seeds, cuttings or layering.
Conditions for growing perennial chrysanthemums
The varied palette of colors in autumn is largely due to the Korean small-flowered chrysanthemums, affectionately called "oaks" by the people.
Chrysanthemums belong to the Asteraceae family. It is a rhizome plant with a height of 25 to 100 cm.
As you can see in the photo above, garden perennial chrysanthemums have juicy green, dark and decorative leaves.
Flowers at the end of flowering stems of a wide variety of colors, their diameter is from 3 to 9 cm. Both leaves and flowers exude a pleasant aroma of freshness. Blooms from August to frost.
The main advantage of chrysanthemums is their cold resistance. The growth of shoots in them begins at + 2 ... + 6ᵒС, and the formation of buds - at + 9 ... + 10 ° C. During the growing season, plants tolerate a short-term drop in temperature to -3 С, but the buds die already at 0 ° С. In late autumn and winter, chrysanthemums can withstand temperatures of -10 C. After autumn frosts, they are able to "retreat" and continue flowering again.
When planting perennial chrysanthemums, remember that these cold-resistant plants cannot tolerate high temperatures. If temperatures rise above 25ᵒ in May, chrysanthemum flower buds are laid late. They also have a negative attitude towards elevated temperatures during the budding period.
How to grow a perennial chrysanthemum in your backyard? These plants are demanding for light and are considered a light-loving culture, moreover, with a short daylight hours. The transition of a plant to flowering depends on the intensity and quality of light. The light should be intense, but the daylight hours should be short. Chrysanthemums usually do not bloom in the shade. However, plants experience such requirements for light only in the second period of their life, during the transition to the generative stage. During the period of growth of vegetative organs - shoots and leaves, that is, in spring, light is needed not only intense, but also long-lasting. Then the growth of chrysanthemums is striking in its intensity.
Flowers are undemanding to soil. A necessary condition for growing chrysanthemums is medium and heavy loamy soil with good aeration and a high content of organic matter, that is, the soil should be fertile and moisture-consuming, which is best combined in black soil.
In the garden for chrysanthemums, you need to find a sunny place with permeable fertile soil. The land is prepared in advance. After all, you are planting a perennial plant. In the fall, the site must be dug onto a shovel bayonet with the preliminary introduction of humus and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. In the early spring, the land is raked and planted.
Features of growing chrysanthemum Multiflora
Chrysanthemum Multiflora occupies a special place among the abundance of species.The group includes many different varieties, differing in color, size, shape. Representatives bloom for a long time in different periods.
The Chinese globular chrysanthemum is a garden crop with many small flowers. The variety is intended for garden decoration, creating original compositions. The bush dissolves petals very early, in early August. The flower does not need pruning, the artificial formation of a beautiful crown, these moments are genetically incorporated in it. You can make Chrysanthemum Multiflora perfect by simply pinching the top. The only drawback is poor frost resistance. Many varieties freeze out, even when covered.
Like all chrysanthemums, Multiflora is photophilous, prefers to constantly be in the sun. Do not plant a plant near fences and hedges that violate equivalent lighting. The soil for the bush is prepared in the fall, humus, ash are brought in, dug up. In the spring, the procedure is repeated.
Garden chrysanthemums - planting and care
It is recommended to plant the plant from late May to mid-June. Until autumn, the bushes will have time to take root and get stronger. And then they will not be afraid of any winter frosts.
Landing features
Chrysanthemums love sunny areas. The plant requires a lot of light to set flower buds. Even in partial shade, chrysanthemums will not bloom.
The soil must be rich in organic matter. Therefore, during digging, one bucket of manure, compost or peat must be added to one square meter of soil. You don't need to add more organic matter, otherwise only leaves will grow rapidly on the bush, and the plant will bloom with very small flowers.
When planting a garden chrysanthemum, it is recommended:
- For large bushes, the distance between the holes should be at least 50 cm, and for small bushes - 25 cm.
- It is recommended to add drainage or sand to each hole.
- When planting, the plant cannot be deeply deepened into the ground.
- Near large, tall bushes, you must immediately install a support.
- The leaves of the plant can be sprayed with Epin to help it adapt better. "Kornevin" is also suitable, with a solution of which the bush is watered.
- If frosts are still expected, then the young bush should be covered with nonwoven material at night.
Care rules
When caring for a garden chrysanthemum, special attention should be paid to watering it, since the plant depends on the level of soil moisture. You need to water the bushes in a timely manner, otherwise the flower will throw off all the buds
The amount of water for watering one bush depends on its characteristics. Plants with small, stiff leaves can be watered less frequently than bushes with soft, large leaves that evaporate a lot of moisture.
Chrysanthemums respond well to feeding. For this, complex mineral fertilizers containing magnesium and potassium, and organic in the form of humates are used. During the active growth of green mass, the plant is fed with nitrogen.
Caring for garden chrysanthemums involves forming a bush. It must be pinched and trimmed regularly. For the first time, the top of the plant is removed when the central shoot grows to 10 cm. After a while, when the lateral shoots grow up to 10 cm, they also pinch the crown. After that, the bush grows to bloom.
During the period when the chrysanthemum blooms, faded and wilted buds should be regularly removed from its bush. This way the flowering period can be extended.
If you want to get big beautiful flowers, you can make a total pruning of side shoots. As a result, only one stalk and one peduncle will remain on the bush. All the forces of the plant will go to the formation and growth of the flower.
Winter garden chrysanthemum care
In order for a plant planted in the garden to bloom as beautifully and profusely next year, you need to make sure that it overwinters well.
In frosty winters, even cold-resistant varieties require shelter.Therefore, after the end of flowering, the stems of the bushes are cut to the ground. The plant is huddled and covered with fallen leaves.
Chrysanthemums with large flowers are afraid of freezing temperatures. Therefore, they need to be dug out together with an earthen lump and planted in a suitable container. Plants are stored before planting in the spring in a room with a temperature of 0-5 degrees. Caring for them consists in rarely watering an earthen coma, which should not dry out.
Growing features
To grow chrysanthemums in your area, you need to provide them with comfortable conditions for growth, development and flowering.
Seat selection
Regardless of the variety and color, all garden chrysanthemums are light-loving plants, therefore they need to be planted in a sunny place, preferably on a hill where there are no drafts and surface passage of groundwater.
Autumn flowers love soil loose, well-flavored with organic matter and always with a neutral level of acidity. Loamy soil with a low content of peat and sand is best suited for planting them.
The plot is prepared in the fall - 1 sq. m. 5 kg of manure and 1 kg of wood ash are introduced, then they are dug up.
The choice of planting material
The quality of flowering and plant health will depend on the correct planting material. Choose healthy bushes for planting with several green shoots and strong roots of uniform color.
On the surface of foliage and roots there should be no signs of disease and pests. The stalks must be intact, without cuts or breaks.
Landing scheme and rules
Depending on the variety, a different scheme for planting street chrysanthemums is used:
- undersized bush flowers are planted at a distance of 35-40 cm;
- medium-sized - 50 cm;
- tall - 65-70 cm.
They tear out the planting holes about 40 cm deep. A small layer of drainage from small stones or pieces of broken brick is laid on the bottom. This will prevent stagnation of water in the soil and subsequent root rot.
The wells are spilled abundantly with warm water, then the roots are lowered, sprinkled with soil and trampled. Plants are watered abundantly - 1 liter for each specimen and covered with garden soil to prevent rapid evaporation of moisture.
Immediately after planting, the plants are pinched to stimulate the lateral stalks.
