Astilba varieties with photos and names
Only 10 to 12 species of astilbe are cultivated. But many hybrid varieties of this plant were born thanks to breeders. Today there are about 200 varieties. The most popular are such hybrid groups as Arendsii Hybrida, Japanese hybrids Japonica Hybrida, Astilbe Chinensis and its varieties, and Astilbe simplicifolia.
Astilba Arends
There are 40 species that were born thanks to the selection of the main species - David's astilba, with other species. Sprawling vigorous bushes can reach a height of one meter. Their shape can be pyramidal or spherical, the leaf plates are dark green. The terminal inflorescences can be colored lilac, pink, white or red. Flowering lasts longer than other species from July to August for 30-40 days. It has been cultivated since 1907. G. Arends created the best varieties of it. The most popular are astilba Gloria, Diamant, Weiss Gloria, Rubin, Glut, etc. The bush of Diamant can reach 0.9 meters in height, and Weiss of Gloria, Amethyst and Rubin - 0.8 meters. The inflorescences of Weiss Gloria and Gloria are diamond-shaped, and Gluta, Diamond and Rubin are paniculate.
Chinese astilba
The height of the bush can vary from 100 to 110 centimeters. Basal leaf plates have long petioles and a large size, and small glossy openwork stem leaves have short petioles. The length of dense inflorescences is from 30 to 35 centimeters. The color of small flowers, as a rule, is lilac, but white and pink are found. It has been cultivated since 1859. There are dwarf forms (var. Pumila hort.), Their height is 15-25 centimeters, as well as forms with conical inflorescences var. Taquetii. Such plants thrive in well-lit areas. The most effective varieties are: Astilbe chinensis taquetii "Purpurlanze" - an amazing lilac color, Astilbe chinensis "Vision in pink"- pink, Astilbe chinensis (Pumila Hybrida)" Vision in Red "- dark purple.
Japanese astilba
The height of compact bushes does not exceed 0.8 meters. Glossy leaf plates are most often ornamental. White or pink flowers are collected in paniculate inflorescences. Flowering begins earlier than in other species, while even dried inflorescences will be a wonderful decoration of the garden and will last until late autumn. Cultivated since 1837 G. Arends is the creator of the first varieties. Modern varieties are resistant to cold, and they also take root well. The most popular are: Deutschland (Astilbe japonica Deutschland) - white, Rhineland (Astilbe japonica Rheinland) - with beautiful pink flowers, Europe (Astilbe japonica Europe) - an elegant plant with light lilac flowers, Montgomery (Astilbe japonica Montgomery) - its fluffy paniculate inflorescences are colored burgundy or deep red.
Astilba common
Hybrida and Thunbergii Hybrida reacts extremely negatively to low air humidity and heat. The height of the bushes can vary from 20 to 50 centimeters. Very beautiful inflorescences give the plant airiness. The most spectacular varieties: Praecox Alba - with loose white inflorescences, Bronze Elegans - the variety got its name from bronze leaf plates with pale pink inflorescences, Straussenfeder - 0.9 m bush height, and coral inflorescences, Professor van der Wielen - has white inflorescences and belongs to the Thunberg hybrids.
By the timing of flowering, daylilies can be divided into groups:
- very early (RR) - the beginning of flowering occurs in the second decade of May - the first decade of June. These are mainly remontant varieties (Stella De Oro, Little Wine Cup), which bloom several times during the growing season;
- early (P) - the second decade of June ("leprechauns Lacce", "Summer Dragon");
- mid-early (SR) - bloom in the third decade of June - the first decade of July (Cosmopolitan, little Missy, Pandora s Box, Siloam Double Classic, Barbara Mitchell, Border Music);
- middle (C) - the second-third decade of July ("Balls of Red", "Bambi Doll", "Chicago Picotee Queen", "David Kirchhoff");
- mid-late (SP) - the first-second decade of August ("Apache Tears"):
- late (P) - the third decade of August (California Sunshine, Idas Braid).
According to the height of the peduncle, daylilies are divided into:
- dwarf (peduncle below 30 cm),
- low (30-50 cm),
- medium (50-90 cm)
- high (over 90 cm).
From undersized varieties for our conditions we can recommend: "leprechauns Lace", "Oolay", "Siloam Robbie Bush", "Siloam Double Classic", "Siloam Cinderella", "Bambi Doll"; Little Missy. They are used in curbs, in the foreground of mixborders, in rock gardens and rockeries, in mini-gardens, as a pot culture and for decorating roof gardens.
According to the diameter of the flower, they are divided into undersized, tall and medium-sized daylilies are divided into miniature (flower diameter less than 7 cm), small-flowered (7-12 cm), large-flowered (12-16 cm) and giant (more than 17 cm)
Another important quality is the simultaneous disclosure of 2-6 flowers, such daylilies are characterized by greater decorativeness ("Amason Amethyst", "By Myself", "New Love", "Apache Tears", "George Cunningham"). Depending on the shape, they are distinguished rounded, triangular, star-shaped, arachnid, orchid-shaped, informal flowers with a smooth, wavy, corrugated or super-corrugated edge of the petals
The round flower shape was achieved by breeding varieties with a wide blade of petals (Fantasy Dancer, Jovial, Instant Friendship, Navajo Princess). New varieties have arachnid Su spiders - "Sister Spider", "Spider Miracle") and orchid ("Something", lemoine Bechtold) flower forms. Terry varieties are very decorative ("Balls of Red", "Double River", "longfield" s Twins ").
Depending on the shape, they distinguish round, triangular, star-shaped, arachnid, orchid-like, informal flowers with a smooth, wavy, corrugated or super-corrugated edge of the petals. The round flower shape was achieved by breeding varieties with a wide blade of petals (Fantasy Dancer, Jovial, Instant Friendship, Navajo Princess). The new varieties have arachnid Su spiders - "Sister Spider", "Spider Miracle") and orchid ("Something", lemoine Bechtold) flower forms. Terry varieties are very decorative ("Balls of Red", "Double River", "longfield" s Twins ").
According to the color of the daylily flower, there are:
- monochromatic (from yellow to apricot, red, purple, pink, brown),
- two-tone ("Abstract Art")
- two-color ("Trans Halls") varieties of daylily.
The pattern on the perianth lobes gives a special decorative effect to the daylily flowers. The following terms are used to characterize it:
Eye - the color of the spot in the pharynx, which differs in color from the main one. For example, a green eye on a red background emphasizes the red color - such daylilies (Radio let, Seatle Slaw) are used in landscaping with green herbs. The yellow eye, on the contrary, "suppresses" the red color, therefore, such hybrids ("Art Festival") are combined with golden hosts and evening primrose.
"Watermark" - a spot in the pharynx that is dark on a light background or light on a dark background.
"Hoop" - a different color in the throat above the eyelet ("CustardCundy", "Moonlight Masquerade", "Summer Dragan;" Pookie Bear ").
Halo - the color of the hoop differs from the main color in intensity ("Antarctica", "little Red Warbler").
Midline - a different midvein color ("El Rosario", "Cherry Lace").
Picoti - the flower has a border of a different color ("Chicago Picotee Queen", "larrys Obsession").
The contrasting venation of the vein is darker or lighter than the main tone "Haidee").
Strokes - strokes on the petals of a darker color ("Emerald Joy").
The flowers of some varieties flicker in the sun, and also distinguish between "diamond" and "gold" dust.
Especially appreciated are hybrids with corrugated and super corrugated edges ("Fairy Tale Pink", "John Peat").
You can also read in more detail about some varieties of daylilies in this, earlier entry - Growing and varieties of daylilies
Daylily species - description
In culture, mainly 8 species are grown. Since 1567, a brown-yellow daylily has been known in Europe
(N. fulva), which has run wild in southern and western Transcaucasia, Central Europe, the Mediterranean, Iran, China, Japan, and North America. This species has a powerful creeping rhizome. Being self-sterile, it is characterized by high rates of vegetative reproduction. It has light green tough leaves (up to 100 cm long and 3.5 cm wide). Young leaves remain green until severe frost. Peduncles up to 120 cm tall, significantly exceed the leaves and bear from 12 to 20 flowers. Flowers 10 cm in diameter, yellow-orange, reddish inside, with a brick-red tint and a dense network of veins. The saws are black.The semi-double form of Kwanso has recently been referred to as the "Kwanso" variety, its doubleness is often accompanied by variegation.
The yellow daylily (H. lilioasphodelus = H. flava) is widely used in hybridization. Plants have a compact rhizome, thin bright green leaves up to 80 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. Thin, branchy peduncles up to 80 cm in height in the upper part bear 6-10 flowers. The flowers are lemon yellow, yellow or slightly golden on the inside, slightly greenish outside. The perianth is funnel-shaped, with lobes bent back and a long tube. The species has many forms. Siberian and East Asian plants especially differ among themselves, not only in morphological characteristics, but also in the rhythm of development. In culture, early-flowering and larger-flowered forms obtained from Siberia are often found.
It is close to the yellow daylily, but below it (up to 45 cm tall), the small daylily (N. minor) with very narrow leaves and few-flowered peduncles barely exceeding the leaves. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter, pale yellow, painted on the outside in a reddish-brown color, especially distinct on the buds. It has been known in culture since 1759.
Since 1866, the Middendorf daylily (N. middendorffii), named after the Russian botanist of the 19th century A.F. Middendorf. The species has been successfully used in hybridization and is the ancestor of many valuable varieties. It has many forms common in the Far East, Northeast China, Korea and northern Japan. Middendorf's daylily is distinguished by non-branched peduncles up to 50 cm high, light green leaves up to 40 cm long. Flowers up to 10 cm in diameter, uniformly orange-yellow, almost sessile, collected in 3-5 pieces in a funnel-shaped head with a short tube.
Slightly similar to the aforementioned species of Dumortier daylily (N. dumortieri). Differs in slightly curved leaves and 2-4-flowered peduncles, not exceeding the leaves or hidden in them. The flowers are small (5 cm in diameter), painted on the outside in a red-brown color. The species has been used by gardeners and breeders in hybridization since 1830. Named after the Belgian botanist V. Dumortier.
Since 1890, the Thunberg daylily (N. thunbergii) has been widespread in the culture. It has thin, intense green (before frost) leaves about 2 cm wide. Peduncles are numerous, thin, erect, up to 110 cm tall, strongly branched at the top. Flowers about 8 cm in diameter, lemon yellow. The perianth is broadly funnel-shaped with a long tube. The species is named after the Swedish explorer of the flora of Japan and South Africa K. Thunberg.
Daylily lemon yellow (N. citrina) has been known in culture since 1902. Differs in nocturnal flowering type and strong aroma. It has multi-flowered, strong peduncles up to 120 cm high, strongly branched at the top. The perianth is pale lemon yellow, narrowly funnel-shaped, somewhat curved, with a long tube. The leaves are dark green, long (100 × 3 cm), turn yellow quite early in autumn. The species has a number of valuable hybrids that bloom during the day.
The least winter-hardy species in our country is the orange daylily (N. aurantiaca). It has winter-green leaves and does not stop growing in the southern regions throughout the year. It has been used in culture since 1890. The flowers of the orange daylily are somewhat asymmetrical, up to 12 cm in diameter, orange with a brownish-red tint along the entire inner surface of the perianth.
Bush height classification
Most often, the usual daylilies are rather tall plants. However, through the efforts of breeders, very miniature varieties have been obtained. Below you will find varieties of daylilies with photos and names, depending on the height of the bush.
Large varieties
Daylily Frans Hals. The color of the petals is as close as possible to natural, but the breeders managed to achieve an amazing combination of yellow and orange colors, which is not found in natural conditions.
The height of the bush reaches one meter, and the diameter of the flower is about 12-15 centimeters.
Bonanza is an amazingly beautiful yellow corolla, the middle of which is a rich wine color. Differs in resistance to droughts, frosts, diseases and pests, does not require special care.
It is worth noting that it prefers to grow only in sunny areas, since the flowering will not be abundant in the shade. The height of the bush can exceed one meter
The height of the bush can exceed one meter.
Medium sized varieties
Night Embers is perfect for connoisseurs of rich colors and unusual shapes. The bushes of this daylily reach 75 centimeters; on graceful peduncles, stunningly beautiful corollas 12-14 cm in diameter bloom.
The amazing combination of raspberry-purple and pleasant yellow heart gives the plant a velvety charm. Light corrugated edges complete the sophisticated image of a noble and quivering creature.
Lacy Doily. Bushes of luxurious, delicate salmon flowers grow up to 60-80 centimeters. The middle of the terry corollas with corrugated edges is lemon yellow or light greenish.
Resistant to frost and other adverse climate changes.
Miniature varieties
Traditionally, daylilies are considered to be large plants, but the achievements of modern breeding have led to the emergence of truly tiny representatives of the group, whose height does not exceed 30-40 centimeters. These include:
Stella D'Oro - Gold Star. The diameter of the star-shaped, rich yellow corolla is only 6-7 centimeters.
The very compact size will not prevent this delicate creature from delighting the owner with a long and abundant flowering, which begins at the end of June and continues in waves until late autumn.
Pardon Me. One of the most attractive daylily species. The green mass with strong peduncles rises to a height of about 40-50 cm. The main attraction of the variety is the cherry-lemon color of the buds.
The flowering period begins in July and lasts until September. No special care, frequent transplantation is required. Sorry Mee is a great neighbor for any undersized flower crop.
Pandora's box. Contrasting shades of lime bud, creamy edging petals and cherry pith. The height of the profusely flowering bush reaches 50 centimeters.
The flowers are 10 cm in diameter, and their delicate, subtle aroma creates an exquisite atmosphere of a summer garden.
Little Anna Rosa is a sophisticated and delicate plant suitable for even the most romantic natures. One of the most common dwarf varieties, the touching buds of which are eye-catching.
The height of small bushes barely reaches 40 cm, and small flowers are only 8 cm in diameter. Blooms twice in the summer season:
- the first time - in the last days of June,
- the second - at the end of July-August.
Semi-evergreen variety. Sheds leaves only after the onset of cold weather. In the spring, one of the first pleases with fresh green foliage.
Delicate pink petals are slightly corrugated at the edges, on the top three there are clearly visible white rays along the central line.
Flowering classification
Below you will find varieties of daylilies with photos and names, grouped according to the flowering period.
Average terms
The classification system classifies those plants that bloom around the middle of the season (plus or minus 1-2 weeks) as such varieties. These varieties include:
Catherine Woodbery. Terry corollas are usually highly valued, but an attractive feature of this variety is the surprising combination of colors: a smooth transition from a greenish neck to delicate lilac petals.
The diameter of simple flowers is 12 to 16 centimeters. Flowering begins in mid-summer. The spectrum of colors of this quivering plant depends on the place of growth:
- in the sun, the petals have yellowish-pink tones,
- in partial shade - exquisitely lilac.
Double River Wye - terry variety with yellow petals. The opened 13-centimeter buds live only 16 hours, but during this short period, which, fortunately, falls on the daytime, manages to fill the garden with a delicate, noble aroma.
The green mass retains its rich color from early spring to late autumn. It begins to bloom in July and ends in September.
Bestseller. 14-centimeter corollas of a noble lilac-pink hue fill the space with their fragrance from the second half of July to mid-August.
The petals are distinguished by a fancy frill with a greenish-yellow border. A dense green bush grows up to 70 centimeters.
Red Rum (Red Rum) belongs to a very rare group of daylilies - red shades. Therefore, it causes a real stir among gardeners. Blooms profusely from July to August. Half-meter peduncles with 10-centimeter flowers rise above the green mass.
Simple corollas seem to glow from the inside. Such an illusion is created by a greenish neck and yellow, almost sunbeams radiating from it.
Late varieties
Daylily Longfields Pearl. Sometimes hybrid varieties may resemble gladioli or lilies more than their direct ancestors. This hybrid also belongs to such. The yellowish-creamy buds look like delicate lilies.
The greenish tone of the neck smoothly transitions into a creamy shade at the edges of the corolla, the diameter of which is about 10 centimeters. This handsome man blooms from early August to mid-autumn, and in the conditions of central Russia - until the first frost.
Requires regular watering and weeding. It is recommended to remove flowers after wilting and replant the bush every 6-7 years.
Daylily varieties blooming all summer
A distinctive characteristic of some varieties is their ability to bloom profusely several times per season. These hybrid forms include:
Burgundy Love is a tetraploid plant with a dark cherry-colored corolla. The so-called "dormant" variety, which is sensitive to any climatic changes. Because of this, repeated flowering can be expected.
Fully blossomed buds are 15 centimeters across. The edges are slightly corrugated, which gives the petals extra charm. The central line is pastel, the core is yellow.
Black Stockings is a novelty among a huge variety of varieties. Differs in repeated flowering, although the first (and main) wave occurs in the second half of summer. Domestic gardeners have yet to appreciate all the advantages of Black Stockings.
It attracts attention with buds, the diameter of which, when fully opened, reaches 15 centimeters.
It resembles a purple-purple garden lily with a yellow core. At its deepest, you can see the lime tones.
The edge of thin and delicate petals is bordered by a sophisticated ruffle gathering.
Mildred Mitchell (Mildred Mitchell) is distinguished by two-fold flowering and unpretentiousness, which does not require unnecessarily painstaking care. The first flowering period begins in June and lasts about a month, the second - by the beginning of autumn.
Its duration is about the same as the first one. Lush shrubs with narrow leaves are crowned with several pinkish-lilac buds (2-4 pieces), reaching 18 cm in diameter.
Mildred Mitchell is rightfully considered a hybrid form-record holder for the size of the corolla.
Particularly impressive is the fact that the height of the plant itself is small - 60-70 cm. The throat is lemon-colored, a small lilac spot is noticeable in the middle, the corrugated edges are painted in the most delicate tone of pink. A thin, white or silvery smear runs along the center line.
'Frans Hals' variety
This variety has also rightly earned the title of one of the most luxuriant representatives of garden daylilies and the most vibrant and hardy representative of the genus among the two-colored varieties. It is a much larger plant, reaching a height of 1 meter. The main characteristics of the Frans Hals daylily are time-tested decorative qualities, abundance of flowers and super-reliability.
Daylily, variety 'Frans Hals'. Perryhill nurseries
Throughout the summer, ‘Frans Hals’ flaunts tirelessly with very variegated flowers, daring and modern graphic. The unique coloration is a combination of a light uniform gold on the petals and a very bright brick orange with a yellow central broad stripe on the top. The yellow throat visually emphasizes the contrast, which only enhances the illusion of superimposed triangles.
Daylily, variety 'Frans Hals'. 99roots
But the bold color is not the only advantage of this daylily, because Frans Hals also differs in the size of flowers, sometimes reaching more than 15 cm, and surprisingly dense, lush and elegant clumps of greenery that adorn flower beds no less than luxurious flowers. The leaves are narrow, forming such dense and compact sods that they look good even in curbs.
Daylily description
The height of the peduncle in tall daylilies is 1-1.5 m. They successfully fulfill the "position" of a tapeworm against the background of a velvet lawn, visually unite around themselves plant compositions in various styles (naturgarden, country, coastal mixborders), emphasizing the merits of merbenniks, meadowsweets, geleniums , marsh irises, black cohosh and geraniums. In the ceremonial flower beds, they are harmoniously combined with phlox, astilbe, lilies and luxurious decorative leafy crops.
Medium-sized daylilies are good in garden compositions where expressive "fountains" of foliage are required.
Miniature daylilies, with peduncles no higher than 30–40 cm, with not large, but numerous flowers, are suitable for creating borders and flower beds along paths. They are organic both at the foot of a rocky hill and in a rockery.
In the palette of daylilies there are about fifty shades and countless combinations. Orchid, clove, oyster, creamy, caramel - all kinds of shades exist! But there is no snow-white color yet, all "white" ones have a yellow or greenish tint at the base.
The daylily flower blooms one - rarely two days. Therefore, breeders achieve the most abundant flowering, increasing the number of flower stalks and buds. The flowering of varieties is usually stretched for a month, since more than 30 buds open sequentially on each peduncle. There are only a few varieties with flowers that do not close at least a full day, they are called “long flowering” varieties and are not very diverse in colors.
For the Russian climate, it is better to choose varieties with an early and medium flowering period, which develop faster and have time to prepare well for wintering.
Tall daylily. Alo konsen
‘Stella D’Oro’ variety
It blooms almost continuously and is distinguished by very short pauses between flowering waves, the boundaries between which are almost invisible. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, the daylily of this variety is able to bloom from May to October, when the autumn cold begins to be felt in the garden.
Daylily, cultivar 'Stella de Oro'. fostersnursery
Unfortunately, this plant is quite modest in size and will not exceed 40 cm, but the beauty and abundance of flowering, and most importantly, its duration fully compensate for this shortcoming.
Lush, surprisingly beautiful and elegantly drooping leaves in rather loose, but surprisingly wide and graceful clumps of this plant ideally emphasize the beauty of the golden, almost round shape of cheerful flowers with a beautiful edge.
Daylily, cultivar 'Stella de Oro'. US Rt 40
The flower reaches 6.5 cm in diameter, but they appear larger due to the dense arrangement of petals in almost solid-looking flowers. This daylily is good both in borders and in flowering compositions.
Daylily diseases and pests
Thrips. This insect, very small, is an adult - a little more than a millimeter, and the larvae are even smaller, pale yellow in color, almost indistinguishable by the naked eye. They hibernate in the ground, in the roots, and in spring, when the temperature rises to 10-12 degrees above zero, thrips begin their destructive activity. They rise on the leaves of the daylily, and when buds appear, they penetrate inside them and suck the juice from both the leaves and the petals, mercilessly deforming them.
With the onset of autumn, thrips leave flowers and, with the first frost, go to the roots to winter. A surge in the number of this pest is always timed to coincide with hot and dry summers, when the flowering of daylilies could be most impressive.
Wrestling. If a thrips lesion is found, it is best to cut the damaged peduncle at the root and burn it. If the leaves are damaged, then do the same with them. In autumn and spring, treat the land around the bush with an insecticide. Even the simplest Intavir helps, although newer drugs give better results. Naturally, do not leave plant residues in the flower beds - the remaining thrips can winter there.
Lily mosquito. The adult lays its eggs in the buds. The hatched larva begins to feed inside the bud, spoiling and deforming it. Visually, the bud looks crooked, underdeveloped, paler than other buds not marked by the presence of this larva. Usually a negligible number of buds on the plant are damaged. If found, the buds should be removed and burned.
Root rot. In the spring, at the beginning of the growing season, when the time comes for the rapid growth of the aerial part of the plant, this growth stops, the leaves that have already appeared by this time turn yellow, become brittle, and when you try to slightly pull on them, they are easily pulled out of the ground.
Wrestling. Dig up the plant, cut out all diseased parts with a sharp knife, then rinse in a pink solution of potassium permanganate KMgO4. Treat the cut sites with any fungicide, and dry. Dry well, for two days, then plant back in the ground, naturally, in another place. It is not worth planting daylilies in the previous place for at least a year. Of course, you should not expect flowering from such a daylily in the next couple of years.
Daylily rust is a terrible fungal disease, not yet known in our country. One of its intermediate hosts (rust has a very complex, multi-stage development cycle) is patrinia, a relative of our valerian.
The beauty of these plants deserves the attention of any gardener! We wish you success in growing daylilies!
