Reproduction of tiarella
Thiarella can be propagated by cuttings, dividing the bush, or using seeds.
By dividing the bush
Tiarella can be propagated every three or four years with overgrown shrubs. It is best to divide the bushes before flowering, because they have time to prepare for winter and withstand the cold perfectly. Powerful bushes are divided into several parts with a growing point using a sterile sharp knife. They are placed in light nutritious soil with the addition of peat for rooting. The holes are dug out with a diameter of thirty by thirty centimeters.
Cuttings
Propagation by cuttings involves cutting stem cuttings that germinate in a nutrient soil. As soon as they sprout and grow a little, they can be planted in a permanent place. In spring, propagation by rosettes with several young leaves is also popular. The rosette is cut from the mother plant and rooted in soil consisting of a mixture of peat and sand. The planting is shaded and watered periodically.
Seeds
Tiarella can be grown through seeds
The plant can be propagated using seeds, but this method is less reliable, since it does not give one hundred percent confidence in the preservation of the varietal traits of the mother plant. In open ground, seeds are sown in late March or early April. Since the seed is very small, it is mixed with sand.
In the garden, they choose a site for growing from seeds. They are deepened by only one or two centimeters and sprinkled with a small layer of sand. A greenhouse is formed over the seeds, covering them with polyethylene. As soon as the first shoots appear, the greenhouse is removed to avoid overheating of young shoots.
The soil must always be kept moist for the seeds to develop actively. After the seedlings grow up, the seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place, leaving a distance of twenty-five to thirty centimeters between the plants.
Seedlings are grown from seeds at home. They are sown in late winter - early spring in special containers filled with soil for flowering plants, which is purchased at a gardening store. Drainage holes must be made in the container through which excess moisture will escape.
Seeds are scattered over the surface of the soil, lightly pressed with a palm and sprinkled with a small layer of sand. After planting, they are watered (you can use a spray bottle to spray water). A greenhouse is made over the container, which is aired every day.
After emergence, the greenhouse is removed. With the appearance of true leaves, the seedlings are seated in separate cups and watered periodically. With the establishment of warm weather, the seedlings, after hardening, are planted in open ground when the night frosts have passed.
Seedlings are planted in open ground after the threat of return frosts has passed
Peculiarities
Features The description of the genus Lantana (Lantana), which received its name thanks to the Swedish naturalist Karl Linnaeus, comes down to a systematic classification. This perennial belongs to the Verbenaceae family. Wild species, and there are many of them at the moment (from 140-170), mainly grow in the territories of Central and South America, and for some species the habitat is Africa and Southeast Asia.
Its flexible, fast-growing stems with a compacted upper layer are light green in color; in some species, thorns are present on the surface of the shoots. Short-petiolate leaves with a predominantly green color are located on the stems opposite each other or in a spiral order.The leaf blade is small (4–5 cm), predominantly oval in shape with a serrated edge and clearly defined veins, very similar in appearance to a nettle leaf. In most species, the leaves are tough, with a rough surface to the touch, but there are varieties with smooth leaves.
The plant has a rather long and beautiful flowering. The flowers are small, the corolla diameter does not exceed, as a rule, 4–5 cm, collected in inflorescences. In wild-growing forms, in one inflorescence, flowers with different colors of petals can be observed. White, yellow, orange and scarlet flowers on their thin pedicels are quite tightly adjacent to each other, forming a very beautiful multi-colored ball. The variety in the color of the petals is associated with the degree of maturity of each flower: the more time passes from the day the bud is dissolved, the darker the petals acquire.
Lantana is famous not only for its color-changing petals, but also for the specific aroma emanating from the leaves of the plant. From the slightest contact, the glands located on the surface of the leaf plate are triggered, and the surrounding space is immediately filled with a spicy aroma. Not everyone will like this aroma, because in addition to the pleasant notes of lemon and mint, it also contains the smell of camphor and the subtle aroma of onions.
Types and varieties of daisies with photos and names
Gardeners cultivate 2 types of daisies: annual and perennial. There are not very significant differences in planting and caring for perennial and annual daisies.
Annual daisies (Bellis annua)
Plants belonging to this species are recommended for growing at home, while they can be an excellent decoration for a balcony or terrace. They can also be grown in rockeries.
Perennial daisies are more popular with gardeners, in this regard, breeders paid more attention to them, thanks to which many different varieties were born
Perennial daisy (Bellis perennis)
The height of the bushes is 0.1–0.3 m. The basal rosette consists of spatulate or oblong-ovoid leaf plates. In the second year after the appearance of seedlings, the bushes form a large number of leafless peduncles, on the surface of which there is pubescence, while they reach a height of 0.15–0.3 m. The inflorescences of the basket reach 80 mm in diameter, they can be colored pink, white or red. On the periphery of the baskets there are large reed or tubular flowers, while in the middle there are yellow-golden small tubular flowers. Seeds are flat, small, oval. This species reproduces well by self-sowing, friendly seedlings that appeared in the spring, if desired, can be used as seedlings.
All numerous varieties of perennial daisies are divided according to the structure of the inflorescences-baskets into tubular and reed ones. In both groups there are varieties with double, semi-double and simple inflorescences:
- Simple inflorescences. They consist of 1-3 rows of reed or tubular colored flowers. In the middle there is a disc, consisting of tubular small yellow flowers.
- Semi-double inflorescences. They consist of colored reed flowers arranged in 4 rows. The middle is yellow and consists of small tubular flowers.
- Terry inflorescences. They include many colored reed flowers, while they almost completely cover the middle, consisting of tubular yellow flowers.
Also, varieties are divided according to the size of inflorescences-baskets: small - 20–40 mm across; medium - 40-60 mm; large - from 60 mm and more.
The best varieties:
- Robella. In diameter, large double inflorescences reach 50 mm. The inflorescences are quite dense, consisting of tubular folded flowers of salmon-pink color. This species was awarded a gold medal at the Fleroselect competition.
- Rob Roy.Small red inflorescences grow on miniature bushes, reaching 10–20 mm in diameter.
- Bella Daisy. This early flowering variety was also awarded the Fleroselect award. In diameter, the double basket reaches 20-25 mm, it has a rich pink color.
- Pomponette. On the bush there are small pompom-shaped inflorescences that are outwardly similar to buttons.
Not so long ago, variety series of daisies began to appear, they include varieties that have many common features, but differ in the color of the baskets. The most popular are the following:
- Tasso series. The varieties have short shoots with very dense pompom-shaped inflorescences-baskets, which consist of tubular flowers. They reach 40 mm in diameter and can be colored pink, salmon pink, red and white. And there is also a pale pink variety with a darker middle.
- Speedstar series. Plants begin to bloom in the year of sowing. White or carmine semi-double inflorescences have the middle of a rich yellow color. A variety with pink inflorescences has a white rim around the yellow center.
- Rominette series. In diameter, densely double inflorescences reach 20 mm, they can be colored red, pale pink, white or carmine pink. The bush reaches a height of only 15 centimeters.
Types and varieties of eschinanthus with photos and names
In the wild, you can meet about 200 species of Aeschinanthus, but only about 15 species are grown at home. Below will be described those species and varieties that are most popular with flower growers.
Eschinanthus marble
This species has spectacular foliage, the surface of which is decorated with white streaks. The seamy surface of the leaf plates is painted in chestnut color, they reach a length of about 10 cm. The bush looks great in a hanging planter. The flowers are nondescript and have no decorative value. Their green tubes, on the surface of which there are brown spots, do not look very impressive against the background of bright foliage.
Aeschinanthus the beautiful
This plant is most popular with flower growers. This shrub has stems that reach about 50 centimeters in length. The length of the fleshy oblong leaf plates is from 10 to 12 centimeters. They have an emerald color, and against their background, red flowers look very impressive. Flowers on the tops of the branches are collected in 10-12 pieces in racemose inflorescences. The orange-red corolla has a tube, ending in a bend, which is divided into 5 parts, similar in appearance to the lobes. On each of the limbs there is a brownish-red speck, shaped like a crescent.
Aeschinantus the Beautiful
Some flower growers consider Aeschinanthus beautiful and Aeschinanthus beautiful to be the same species. However, these plants have significant differences. Aeschinanthus has beautifully slightly smaller foliage and a red border runs along the edge. The stems are also pale red. The diameter of a deep red flower is about 60 mm, while the throat of the corolla has a pale pink color.
Eschinanthus Twister
This spectacular plant has unusual curved stems and foliage. Outwardly, they look like beautiful curls. Its glossy waxy leaf plates are dark green. The flowers are reddish-orange in color and grow on the tops of the branches and in the leaf axils.
Eschinanthus Mona Lisa
This plant differs from those listed above in that it is much easier to grow it at home, since it is undemanding in care. The hanging branches have dark green leaves with a well-defined median vein. At the tops of the stems, dense racemose inflorescences are formed, consisting of deep red flowers.
Eschinanthus Lobba
Originally view from the island of Java.On flexible pale red stems there are small oval leaves of a dark green color, their seamy surface is painted in a paler shade. At the tops of the stems during flowering, brushes are formed, consisting of deep red flowers with a yellow tube.
ESCHINANTUS, plant growing rules. The Gesneriev family.
Catnip care
The cattleman does not require special care, so even an inexperienced gardener will be able to grow him in his garden plot.
How to water
A newly sown or planted catnip must be watered. It is then watered regularly for several weeks. While the bushes are young, it is recommended to water them once every few days. Adult bushes need additional moisture only during prolonged drought, while watering should be abundant. Remember not to allow stagnation of liquid in the soil, as this can lead to the death of the flower.
Gray-leaved varieties are highly drought tolerant. But still, if it has not rained for a very long time, then it is better to water the bushes.
Top dressing
Such a herbaceous plant does not need additional feeding. If there are a lot of nutrients in the soil, then this will have an extremely negative effect on the growth of the bush. If the soil on the site is too scarce, then compost mixed with soil can be added to it. Also, after the first wave of flowering and pruning, the bushes can be fed with complex fertilizer, thanks to which they will again please with lush flowering.
Pruning
At the end of the first flowering, the stems are recommended to be cut. After a very short time, they will grow back, after which the second wave of flowering will begin. Some varieties can bloom until autumn.
Since this plant reproduces easily by self-seeding, timely pruning helps to prevent it. However, varieties belonging to the Fassen group do not form seeds.
It is recommended to collect foliage a few days after rain or watering, since at this time it is the most fragrant.
Wintering
Faded bushes in autumn are shortened by 2/3 of the height. This will help them get through the winter better and activate the growth of the bush in width. Since the plant is relatively winter-hardy, it is recommended to cover it for the winter only in the coldest regions. The area is covered with spruce branches or covered with felt covers. Remove the shelter immediately after the frost has passed so that the plant does not rot.
Varieties
Cultivating wild species is not an easy task, and it takes a lot of time for a plant to get the necessary traits. Despite the fact that the genus lanthanum has many species, few were suitable for breeding. One of these species is spiny lantana. Also, this type of perennial shrub, reaching a height of one and a half meter in nature, is called vaulted lantana or camara (Lantana camara). Thorny lantana got its name not by accident: its erect shoots with a lignified top layer are completely covered with small thorns. The foliage is colored deep green. The leaf plate with small denticles along the edge has an ovoid shape, in which the outer tip is slightly pointed. The front side of the plate is rough to the touch, and the inner side hidden from the eyes is covered with soft whitish "villi".
The plant is characterized by a paniculate type of inflorescence. The diameter of the corolla in flowers is no more than 5 cm. During the flowering period, which lasts from May to October, the plant forms beautiful lush "balls" of flowers of different colors. At first, buds appear with yellow or pink petals, and only over time, the color of the petals changes to orange, and then to red. The ripe berries formed after the petals fall off have a blue-black color.
The cultivar "Lyubava" is created on the basis of vaulted lantana. Its main characteristics are not much different from its progenitor.Green stems strewn with thorns, faceted on 4 sides, oval leaves with a greenish-gray tint, and medium-sized flowers that form inflorescences-balls. During the flowering period, the color of the petals changes from orange to pink or scarlet. Some breeders have bred hybrids with monochrome inflorescences. For the variety "Samantha" the character is lemon-yellow color of the inflorescences, and for the hybrid "Golden Apple" the flowers have a bright golden hue. White color of flowers with a slight accent in the form of a small yellow speck in the center is characteristic of the variety with the beautiful name "Naida".
Montevidean lantana (Lantana montevidensis) is somewhat different from Camara. The stems of this species are flexible and curly, and the lignification of the upper layer is observed only closer to the base. Ovate leaf plates are slightly smaller than those of the prickly species of lantana, their length does not exceed 3 cm. The flowers are smaller in comparison with the camara, the diameter of the corolla is within 2-3 cm, collected in spherical inflorescences, in which purple lilac and pink tones. Flowers with yellow or white color are much less common.
Variegated lantana (Lantana variegata), in contrast to the previous species, has a slightly different leaf color. Its leaf plates are variegated: pale green, whitish and silvery specks are scattered in a chaotic manner over the entire surface. To obtain such changes in the color of foliage, plants of this species undergo artificial modifications, which almost always affects the resistance of the species, which means that the resulting hybrids will be more demanding in care.
Bouvardia bridle at home
Over the years, the popularity of this plant decreases. However, it is not capricious and taking care of it is not so difficult.
Illumination
Needs good and diffused lighting. In order for the bouvardia to develop and grow normally, it needs lighting from 3000 to 3900 lux.
Temperature regime
In summer, moderate temperatures of 20 to 25 degrees are recommended. In winter, the plant needs rest, but only if it does not bloom in winter. During the dormant period, it is placed in a cool place of 10-12 degrees, it is impossible to get colder, as this may freeze the leaves.
How to water
During intensive growth, the plant is provided with regular moderate watering. It is recommended to water only after the top layer of the substrate dries out to a depth of 2 or 3 centimeters. Make sure that there is no stagnation of liquid in the soil, as this can provoke the appearance of rot on the shoots and the root system.
With the onset of winter, watering should be reduced, but at the same time, it is not necessary to allow the leaves and stems to be lethargic.
Water the plant with settled and soft water at room temperature, in which there is no chlorine.
Humidity
High humidity is not needed. However, for hygienic purposes, it is recommended that you regularly arrange a warm shower for the plant, which will help remove accumulated dust and dirt from the foliage.
Pruning
In order for the bush to be more lush and bloom more abundantly, it is necessary to carry out a systematic pinching in the 1st year of life. And in autumn or spring, before the period of intensive growth begins, you need to cut off all the shoots by ½ part.
Earth mixture
Suitable soil should be nutrient-dense and have good water and air permeability. For planting, a commercially available universal soil for indoor plants is also suitable, but it is recommended to add a small amount of vermiculite or perlite to it. The soil mixture can be made by hand, for this you need to mix peat, sod and leafy soil, as well as sand in a ratio of 2: 4: 1: 1.
Fertilizer
Top dressing is carried out during the period of intensive growth 2 times a month. To do this, use a complex mineral fertilizer or universal fertilizer for indoor plants. In winter, it is forbidden to apply fertilizers to the soil.
Transplant features
The disadvantage of such a plant is that it has abundant flowering only in the 2nd year of life. Moreover, in all the following years it will not be so abundant, or the bouvardia will not bloom at all. In this regard, experienced flower growers advise replacing this plant once every 2 years with a young one. Transplant is carried out only for young bushes that are one year old. This procedure should be carried out in the spring, and the flower should be placed in a larger pot.
Reproduction methods
It is very easy and simple to propagate bouvardia using cuttings. Apical stems are used for grafting. A cut cut should have 2 or 3 internodes. Rooting is quick and easy, and even a simple glass filled with clean water can be used.
By dividing the overgrown bush, you will also propagate the bouvardia. But in this case, the plant will not be renewed and therefore the flowering problem will not be solved.
Diseases and pests
Most often, such a plant gets sick with root rot. Its appearance, as a rule, is facilitated by the stagnation of liquid in the substrate with too much watering. While you are planting the plant, it is necessary to make a sufficiently high and good drainage layer in the container for preventive purposes. They simply get rid of a bush affected by root rot, because it is impossible to cure it, while it is recommended to cut it in order to get young plants.
Also, quite often such a plant suffers from leaf chlorosis. The cause of this disease is inappropriate water used for irrigation. To fight this disease, as well as for preventive purposes, it is necessary to feed with iron chelates.
The flower is resistant to pests, but aphids can settle on it. To get rid of it, the foliage should be thoroughly rinsed by arranging a warm shower in the bouvardia.
