Use in traditional medicine
The European bather has not been studied by official medicine as a medicinal plant. The antitumor properties of substances have long attracted scientists from all over the world to this culture, but the effect of these substances on the human body has not been studied.
European swimsuit poisonous plant! The use of a drug based on this plant requires caution, both with its internal use in treatment, and with its external use. Particular care should be taken when using the roots of the swimsuit, as it can damage the nervous system
A contraindication in the use of a European swimsuit is pregnancy, lactation and childhood. In case of allergic reactions, you should immediately stop using the drug based on this plant.
It has been proven that the roots and flowers of the European swimsuit have antibacterial, diuretic, choleretic, decongestant and anti-inflammatory properties. The plant contributes to a decrease in the tone of smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract and gallbladder, and can also cause a slight expansion of the liver vessels.
Varietal variety
The European swimsuit is represented by two subspecies:
- Garden. It has pale yellow flowers up to 5 cm in diameter.
- Large-flowered. It has brighter and larger buds. This plant reaches 0.8-1 m. Its decorative effect is enhanced by the diamond-shaped and sharp-toothed shape of the leaf lobes. Weak buds consist of 10-20 sepals. It blooms in late spring and early summer.
- The Asian bather (hot or light) is even more pungent in color in comparison with the European "relative". At the peak of flowering, the petals combine reddish-scarlet shades. The flowering itself lasts until mid-summer. The buds reach 5 cm in diameter. This swimsuit forms a stem with multiple shoots. Height - 50-80 cm. This is one of the most attractive types of culture. He has many varieties, including terry.
- The Altai bather is represented by both ordinary (up to 0.9 m) and undersized (up to 20 cm) varieties. All have rather large flowers: up to 6 cm. The stem is branched or simple. The sepals are golden yellow with red hues. In the middle are purple anthers.
- Ledebour's Bath is the largest and most winter-hardy type of culture. On a stem with a height of 0.6-1 m there are flowers with a diameter of 6-8 cm. Flowering occurs at the end of June and July. Among gardeners, varieties are common:
- Lightball. Height - 60 cm, color - light orange.
- Goliath. Height - up to 1 m, large buds, 7 cm, rich orange hue.
- Orange King. Height - up to 60 cm, flowers have a dark orange tint.
- Lemon Queen. 70 cm in height, flowers are composed of yellow-lemon sepals.
Modern botany has developed a special group of the cultural swimsuit. It includes garden forms of plants with large and bright flowering. The most demanded subspecies are:
- Orange Princesses - bright orange;
- Goldkvel - bright yellow;
- Canary Bird - pale yellow;
- Fire Globe - orange-scarlet sepals and orange nectaries;
- Erlist of Oil - dark yellow sepals and pale yellow nectaries;
- Alabaster is pale cream.
Features of care in the garden
Growing a flower swimsuit is not difficult even for a novice florist.
What conditions does a swimsuit like
Much depends on the climatic zone in which this perennial is grown. But in most of the territory of Russia, the lights prefer a weak shade. In open areas, unless the soil is too dry, this perennial does well.
What is the plant afraid of
During the growth period, the plant is afraid of a lack of moisture, so you need to provide the troll flower with regular watering. In addition, the light does not like transplanting, the bushes can grow in one place for at least 10 years. He also has a bad attitude to digging up the earth around the bush, since the root system is growing rapidly. These perennials produce a lot of adventitious stones, and digging can damage them.
Watering
To grow a healthy and beautifully flowering plant, the fire should be watered regularly between March and July so that the soil is moist. In the period from August to September, the frequency and intensity of watering is reduced.
Mulching
This technique is optional when growing lights. But it saves the owner of the garden and garden from weeding at least this site, and even protects the soil from drying out, so you should not give it up.
Important! The rules are the same as for other plants. Humus or a mixture of sand and peat is poured onto the bush
Loosening
The weak point of this plant is that it does not like stagnant groundwater, which is why it requires regular loosening and good drainage of the soil.
Top dressing
All varieties of the European swimsuit develop well without requiring special care. Nevertheless, in order to improve the resistance of the troll flower to unfavorable environmental factors, experts advise treating with ash. This is done in early spring. Then, at the beginning of active growth, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers will be required. And only then, for better flowering, complex fertilizers are used.
Transfer
This perennial does not like transplants, and unless absolutely necessary, you should not bother him. But if the bushes grow too quickly, they are divided into several parts and transplanted.
Leotard application
The plant has a choleretic effect, with the help of it you can expand the hepatic vessels, and also reduce the tone, which is characteristic of the biliary system, the gastrointestinal tract. The herb of the swimsuit has been used for a long time as a medicine for the treatment of cancer. Such an infusion will help from scurvy, for this you need to take the flowers of the bikini, one teaspoon is enough, a glass of boiling water. Insist everything until two o'clock. Then strain, drink up to 4 times a day.
For the treatment of scabies, it is recommended to use such a recipe, for this you need to take a finely chopped root of a plant, a glass of boiling water, strain the infusion two hours later, drink up to 7 times a day. If a person is worried about angina pectoris, you need to brew a tablespoon of finely chopped bikini leaves in a glass of boiling water, everyone will insist up to three hours. You need to drink three times a day. In cases of cardiac edema, you need to brew such an infusion, for it you will need a tablespoon of swimsuit flowers, a glass of boiling water.
Decoctions based on flowers, herbs are one of the best choleretic agents, with their help you can cure edema, liver diseases. Altai folk healers recommend drinking a decoction based on flowers in cases of jaundice. Outwardly, hemorrhoids are treated with a decoction from a swimsuit, for this they take baths and make lotions.
Caring for a swimsuit in the garden
Transplanted young bathers need to be systematically watered and protected from direct sunlight for the first four weeks. Bushes at the age of 2-3 years, growing in sunny areas, have a height of about 0.5-0.6 m. If the swimsuit is planted in a shaded place, then by this time its height may be 0.8-0.9 m, at the same time, both leaf petioles and shoots grow longer. But it should be borne in mind that a bush grown in a shaded place blooms less abundantly, and the color of its flowers is not so saturated. If, for a flower, an area located in the shade is chosen, then its development and growth takes place more slowly, while in this case it reaches its maximum value only at 6 or 7 years.Lack of light has an extremely negative effect on the splendor of the flowering, as well as on the color of the flowers, which becomes very pale.
How to water and feed
Both young and adult bushes should be watered systematically and abundantly, especially in a dry and hot period. You need to water the swimsuit with settled warm water, which should be heated by the sun, and this is a prerequisite. Experienced gardeners recommend placing a large container on the garden plot in a well-lit place, in which water will collect during the rain. After the rain has passed or the plant is watered, it is imperative to loosen the soil surface, while pulling out all the weeds.
During watering, the plant can be fed with a urea solution (for 10 liters of water, 1 tsp. Substance). It also reacts well to feeding with Agricola or Nitrofoska, while the solution should be prepared in the same way as the urea solution. You need to feed the flowers during the opening of the buds, as well as before they bloom.
How to propagate and transplant
This crop can be grown from seeds, but this method of propagation is not very popular among gardeners. As a rule, such a plant is propagated by dividing the curtain, it is carried out 1 time in 5 years in the last days of August or in the first days of September. Healthy and well-developed bushes are suitable for dividing, the age of which should be 5-6 years
Such bushes are distinguished by a large amount of vitality, which is very important for such a plant, since it does not tolerate transplantation well. These shrubs tend to tolerate transplant stress much more easily.
The parent bush is removed from the soil, residues of soil must be removed from its root system, after which it is thoroughly washed. After that, with a very sharp disinfected knife, the bush is cut into several parts, it should be noted that each division must have several rosette stems with roots. Places of cuts are subjected to processing with wood ash or a solution of potassium permanganate. Then, parts of the bush must be immediately planted in the holes, which must be prepared in advance, a distance of 0.3 to 0.4 m should be kept between them. they need to be removed. Young leaf plates will grow back after half a month.
Wintering
This culture is highly resistant to frost, therefore, it is not necessary to cover the bushes for the winter. In September or October, the leaf plates of the bush should die off, after which they are removed in such a way that only petioles, reaching 20-30 mm in length, rise above the surface of the site. These petioles will be able to provide protection to the bud located in the middle of the outlet. A peduncle will grow from this bud next year.
Diseases and pests
This plant has a very high resistance to diseases and pests. However, although it is rare, the plant still gets sick. Most often, it is improper care that causes fungal infections of the bushes, for example: smut or septoria. If the plants get sick, then as soon as this happens, it is necessary to cut off the affected parts of the bush or dig up the entire plants and destroy them, the surface of the soil and flowers must be sprayed with a fungicidal preparation
It is important to understand why the infection occurred and try to eliminate any deficiencies in care.
Leotard use
Bathers are planted in separate groups among the lawn, in the curbs, at the foot of the alpine hills. Flowers planted in a shady garden, under trees, among a lawn look especially good.
Low-growing forms are suitable for rocky hills, taller ones look beautiful near water bodies, on the edges, in ridges, in groups at the corners of lawns.
This culture is planted in a flower bed both singly and in combination with other perennials.Swimsuits look harmoniously and brightly next to the dolphinum, cornflower, primrose, irises, catchment, edelweiss, spirea, marigolds and other colors of blue, purple, yellow and orange shades.
Bathers are used to create interesting variegated compositions, planting undersized varieties in the foreground against the background of tall perennials, which bloom at the same time as this culture. A beautiful ensemble is obtained by planting a swimsuit near a lilac bush.
After flowering, the bush loses its decorative effect.
These plants are also good for cutting. They do not fade for a long time if they are immediately placed in water.
You can find out even more useful information about the features of growing and using a swimsuit by watching the video below:
