Canna (62 photos): what are these flowers? Description of canna and red canna plants. Do I need to dig cannes in the garden for the winter? Growing at home and outdoors

Growing cannes in the garden: photos and rules for caring for plants

How does the cultivation of cannes begin in the garden on a personal plot? That's right, with the choice of a variety and variety suitable for this.

To begin with, you should choose a suitable place and decide on the assigned design tasks. You need to know that the decorativeness of a plant is not limited to the period of its flowering.

There are varieties and varieties with leaves that are unique in their decorative qualities.

There are rich purple and burgundy leaves, which, together with stems resembling bamboo, will be a great decoration for any garden.

Growing cannes in the garden has only one significant drawback. The buds give absolutely no scent. Well, the difficulties in organizing wintering also affect inexperienced growers.

Despite this, the cultivation of cannes is constantly gaining popularity - after all, having once planted these magnificent tropical flowers, you want to contemplate this splendor just endlessly.

In this regard, many are trying and not unsuccessfully to grow a culture in indoor conditions. In this case, the flowering will be simply endless.

Look at the cannes flowers in the photo - they deserve the work and effort that will have to be made in the process of growing and caring for plants:

Proper care of plants when growing cannes in the garden makes it possible to achieve continuous flowering from early July until the first snow falls.

Adult plants are absolutely unpretentious: they are not affected by diseases and pests, they perfectly tolerate a short-term drop in air temperature, and are drought-resistant.

The rhizome with tubers deserves special attention. It grows rapidly, developing in width, therefore, for harmonious growth and development, the culture requires significant space for its planting.

At the beginning of vegetative development, a powerful central stem, which resembles a bamboo, grows rapidly. It can reach a height of 3 meters. It contains a deciduous mass with a leaf length of up to 80 cm.

After 60 days, the first buds appear. Their standard size is 8-10 cm in diameter. The predominant color is red. Yellow shades are less common, the rarest color is white.

We will consider the rules for caring for plants in more detail later in the article. In the meantime, look at a photo of cannes flowers, which can decorate any garden if grown correctly:

How to care for cannes after planting

In general, caring for cannes, like for any plant, comes down to loosening, feeding and watering, as well as freeing the area where the canna grows from weeds.

Kanna loves enough plentiful watering with warm water, and quickly decays when the soil dries out. Canna has beautiful not only a large flower, but also wide large leaves.

It is through these leaves that moisture evaporates quickly, and in case of a lack of it, the plant dries quickly. Therefore, watering with warm water is one of the components of canal care.

Waterlogging will not lead to anything good either. Canna is very susceptible to fungal diseases, which are provoked by just excess moisture. In this case, the infection quickly affects the healthy tissue of the flower, and it does not respond well to treatment.

As soon as you see the first signs, immediately remove the infected part of the plant, otherwise it will die completely. Therefore, in regions with lingering rains in the spring, cannes do not grow very well.

Make sure that the soil in which the cannes grow does not dry out to form a crust. To avoid this, after each watering or just after rain, the soil must be loosened.The thick leaves of the canna evaporate a lot of moisture, without which the plant cannot exist.

If you see such a disease on your plant, immediately remove the infected part of the flower. In no case should water stagnate in the soil. Watering should be intensified during flowering - during this period, the flower needs more water.

Cannes love light soil, so frequent loosening of the flower is very much to its liking. In this case, it is advisable to remove weeds that interfere with the growth of the flower.

In the summer, the canna, even planted on a thick layer of organic matter, needs feeding, moreover, with mineral fertilizers.

Dry fertilizer can simply be scattered around the plants after the next watering, and then gently loosen the soil. It is desirable to loosen the soil in the field of each irrigation, this will help to avoid the appearance of a dry crust.

It is necessary to remove the fading inflorescences from the canna, this will give you the opportunity to form a new one. With this care, the canna will bloom all season almost continuously, releasing more and more new flower stalks.

When the flowering is over, it is advisable to spud the canna stalks, and high enough, this will protect the rhizomes and the neck of the flower from early frosts.

In early September, watering cannes should be gradually reduced and completely stopped by the time the rhizomes need to be dug up.

As you can see, caring for cannes is not very difficult, although this flower requires some attention to itself.

Cannes planting process in open ground

Many self-respecting gardeners who are actively involved in growing a wide variety of flowers on their land have cannes. These are very beautiful flowers that have large bright flowers.

Depending on how early the planting of cannes in open ground was carried out, flowering can last from the beginning of summer until the onset of the first frost.

The flowering period depends on the variety. In order for the flower to please its flowering for more than one year, it must be dug out of the soil for the period of winter cold and kept at a special temperature in a suitable room.

Cannes care is quite simple. In addition, this plant is resistant to disease.

1. Site selection and soil preparation

In order for the flower to grow fully, to please with its flowering, it is necessary to choose the right place for planting it. In the process of choosing a suitable soil, it is necessary to build on the fact that the plant loves heat very much, and also does not react well to cold.

Therefore, it is better to choose a place that is constantly exposed to the sun's rays. With a lack of sunlight, the color of the foliage will become pale, unnatural, in addition, the volume of the flower itself will be much less than when there is enough heat.

The flower should be exposed to sunlight for about 6 hours. You can even conduct an experiment, that is, time the clock.

For 6 hours, the selected place should be illuminated by sunlight

It is also important that there are no drafts here.

Cannes do not like the cold, so it is imperative to choose the right time period for planting them outdoors. Most often this is the end of May, but if there is a risk of frost, then it is best to wait a little with the disembarkation.

Having chosen a place for planting a plant, it is necessary to properly prepare the soil for the planting itself.

Preparation includes the following steps:

Digging up the area of soil around the cannes planting site.
Removal of weeds, rhizomes that could remain from plants previously growing in this area.
Fertilization with special organic or inorganic substances.
Abundant watering.

It is very important that by the time of planting the soil has time to warm up as best as possible.

2. Preparing a plant for planting in open ground

As soon as the place is selected, and the soil is prepared for planting in the correct way, it is necessary to prepare the plant itself for planting. To begin with, it is recommended to turn light germination of the plant.

The germination procedure is carried out as follows:

Take clean sawdust or peat, place in a shallow, spacious container and place in a room with room temperature.
Moisten the prepared material with water.
Evenly place cannula roots on the surface of the moistened material.
With the gradual drying of sawdust or peat, re-moisten them.
Withstand the roots until the first shoots appear.
Clean the root system from dry and damaged areas.
Division of the root.

3. Procedure for planting in open ground

Digging a hole. The optimal hole depth is considered to be a depth of 7 centimeters.
Watering the wells with clean water. The water temperature should not be cold. It is best to use water at room temperature.
Insulation of the bottom of the hole. It is carried out by placing a small layer of compost, manure or fertilizers on the bottom of the formed hole. Manure will provide the right amount of heat for full growth, and will also enrich it with useful substances. If necessary, you can use special fertilizers.
A layer of compost or manure must be sprinkled on top with a small amount of soil and the irrigation procedure must be repeated.
Place the root system of the plant in the hole, sprinkle with earth. It is not worth tamping the soil from above, you can only press down slightly with your hands.

If not one canna is planted in the ground, but several at once, then it is necessary to adhere to the distance between plants from 30 to 70 centimeters. This is necessary because the flower will gradually grow and very soon reach large volumes and you need to adhere to the correct interval so that they do not interfere with each other.

In addition, if you plant a smaller plant very close to the canna, then it will not be able to fully develop and bloom, since it will be constantly shaded by a large flower.

Cannes planting in the garden

Before planting, the rhizomes are divided - this work can begin in late March - early April. The rhizomes are carefully examined, the spoiled ones are removed, only healthy ones with 1 - 2 buds are left. After that, they are placed for germination in a greenhouse or boxes that are stored at home or on a loggia. When the sprouts stretch up to 8 cm and leaves are formed on them, they are separated from the rhizome and planted in pots one or more at a time, choosing containers of the appropriate size. The soil mixture is made up of leafy earth or a mixture consisting of greenhouse soil and rotted manure, in a ratio of 1: 2. The pots are placed in a warm, sunny place where the temperature is 17-19 ° C. Landing is carried out only when the threat of recurrent frosts has passed. The most optimal temperature for plant development ranges from 5 to 23 ° C. The soil should be well warmed up, loose, light and nutritious.

Planting holes are dug 60X30 cm in size. Rotted manure is laid on the bottom with a layer of 20-30 cm. A mixture of earth and humus, and pebbles are poured on top. After that, the soil is moistened, the rhizome is laid in the pit, deepening it by 15 - 20 cm, and covered with rotted manure. After planting, the plant is watered abundantly with warm water.

When planting, it is important to take into account that canna flowers in the garden should be planted at a distance of 50 - 90 cm from each other and other plants, since they grow quickly and take up a lot of space. With dense planting, the distance can be 30 - 40 cm

Usually, the garden canna begins to bloom 1.5 - 2.5 months after planting. It is recommended to cut the first inflorescences, this will contribute to the development of the root system and a good growth of new rhizomes.

Types and varieties of cannes

In cannes, everything admires - and growth, and habit, and leaves, and, of course, magnificent flowers. But, in order: Indian canna is a powerful plant with large decorative leaves, up to half a meter long, of different colors - from the usual light green to brown-purple striped. Canna flowers are large, interesting in shape and of various colors, have staminodes - modified stamens, transformed into petal-shaped formations.The flowers are collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, which retain their attractive appearance for about a month, and the flowers themselves live at the same time for 3-4 days, replacing one another.

There are 3 main groups:

Orchid-shaped cannes. Large plants up to 2 m high, with green or green-violet wide leaves and flowers similar to orchids. The height of the flowers is about 15 cm, the staminodes are wide, have a corrugated edge.

Cannes Crosey. Plants with a height of 60 cm to 1.5 m with green or purple leaves covered with a bluish bloom. The flowers are up to 10 cm high, the edges of the staminodes are slightly bent, resembling gladioli in shape.

Deciduous small-flowered cannes. Tall plants, reaching 3 m in height, have large green, greenish-purple and pure purple leaves and rather small flowers in comparison with the general habitus. Their size does not exceed 6 cm, staminodes are narrow tongues.

Some of the famous varieties:

‘Amerika’ - plant 120-140 cm high, red flowers up to 12 cm in diameter and up to 35 cm high. Dark purple leaves. It begins to bloom in July. Sometimes it bears fruit.

‘Andenken an Pfitzer’ is a plant up to half a meter high, bright orange flowers with purple dots at the base, inflorescence height 30-35 cm. Brownish-green leaves. It begins to bloom in July. Does not bear fruit.

'Clara Bulsson' - plant up to 120 cm high with orange-red flowers, inflorescences 23-27 cm high, purple leaves. Bears abundantly.

‘Louis Kayeux’ - plant up to 110-130 cm high, pink flowers, 35 cm inflorescences. Leaves are green. Blooms in July. Does not bear fruit.

‘President’ is a plant up to a meter tall, flowers are collected in inflorescences 30 cm long, leaves are dark green. Begins flowering in July. Does not bear fruit.

‘R. Wallase 'is a plant about 1 m high. The flowers are light yellow with reddish specks, collected in inflorescences 20-25 cm long. The leaves are green. Blooms, like all cannes in July, does not bear fruit.

Indian Canna (Canna Indica) _photo

The subtleties of growing at home

A perennial can also be grown at home. Those varieties that are recommended for apartment maintenance originated from Indian Cannes. To cultivate a plant as a pot plant, you should choose varieties and species that are suitable in size for planting in containers. Often the culture is planted as an accent in the flower arrangement of the winter garden.

You can grow a flower in a pot, or you can take a bush in the country and plant it in a tub - usually such sprouts adapt well to room conditions. When planting, consider the following points:

before planting, it is recommended to treat the garden soil with an insecticidal solution to reduce the likelihood of insect damage to the plant;
pick up a spacious pot where the rhizome can fit freely and develop well;
do not forget to organize high-quality drainage in the container to prevent rotting of the root system;
use fertile, permeable soil for home maintenance.

The seeds are enclosed in a dense shell, which is recommended to be softened before sowing. To do this, the planting material is irrigated with boiling water, placed in a thermos with warm water and soaked for 3-4 hours. Some growers place the seeds on a battery for 12 hours instead.

Sowing is carried out in February at a room temperature of 22-23 degrees. The first shoots will hatch in 20-30 days. The picking of sprouts should be carried out after the formation of 3-4 true sheets.

Indoor plant care is somewhat easier than growing it outdoors.A flower planted in a pot does not need to be sprayed, weeded, fertilized or loosened. The container must be kept in a well-lit place, and when watering, use settled water. Watering is carried out as needed. When growing at home, dust should be systematically removed from the leaf plates - this is done with a damp, non-coarse cloth.

Even after flowering, the shrub looks impressive thanks to its unusual foliage. During this period, the culture needs special care. So, for good rest, you should smoothly reduce the frequency of watering, and then completely stop moistening the soil. The leaves are cut at a level of 10-15 cm from the base of the bush. Next, the pot is removed to a cool dry place. In the spring, the plant is removed and the rhizome is cut into several lobes, followed by planting. Thus, the flower propagates at home.

Diseases and pests

Canna is resistant to most flower ailments, but some diseases are still worth fearing.

Gray rot appears in conditions of high humidity and low temperatures and appears as brown spots covered with spores. The cause of the disease is a violation of the rules of agricultural technology (excessive watering with cold water).
Rust also develops from excessive soil moisture. The leaves are covered with brown spots and fall off. The cause of the disease is too much watering.
Cucumber mosaic appears in a threadlike pattern on the leaves. Infected foliage releases substances that attract pests, and therefore the diseased plant must be removed.

As for pests, the cannes are annoyed by aphids and slugs. The first can be removed with soapy water, and the second can be collected by hand and the ground around the flower can be mulched. The plant is also susceptible to attacks by spider mites, scale insects and nematodes, which will help to cope with any insecticide.

Storage conditions Cannes

Here, if you wish, you can either transplant the plant into a flower pot, or you can simply save the plant cut. The difference is that when transplanting Cannes, you do not need to do unnecessary manipulations with the plant.

But if you are going to store Cannu in closed boxes, you will have to cut it to a height of 20 cm and dry it a little. The box where you will store the dried rhizomes will need to be filled, in equal proportions, with well-mixed sand, peat and sawdust. This whole mixture will need to be slightly moistened, and after that, the dried rhizomes should be placed there.

As we said above, you will need to place the box in a dark, cool place.

A cellar is one of the ideal options.

If you need more detailed, visual information on how to grow, store and care for Cannes - you can watch the following video.

Features and description of the plant

Canna is a monoculture, the only member of the Cannes family. In nature, it can be found in South and Central America, India, Indonesia and China.

The flower of the plant has thin and erect stems, which sometimes reach three meters. The leaves are of an oblong or lance-like type, rather large, can reach up to 80 centimeters in length and up to 15 in width.

The plant acquires its beautiful appearance as it blooms. The main color of the buds is red, although breeders were able to breed varieties with white, yellow, orange and pink flowers, as well as with two-color petals - with a border or speckled. The flowers can grow up to eight centimeters in diameter, they are bisexual, asymmetrically located on the flower arrow, and also form a single inflorescence - a brush or a panicle.

The disadvantages of the plant include the fact that when grown in open ground, it negatively tolerates severe winters and does not have a scent. Among its main advantages, florists distinguish:

ease of growing and care;
rapid growth and development;
rarely affected by disease;
helps to decorate the summer cottage until the end of autumn.

If insects managed to pollinate the buds, then large brown seeds grow on the plant. It is they who are used for the further reproduction of the flower.