Indian chrysanthemum care
Planting and caring for Indian chrysanthemums does not require special professional skills in floriculture. Basic rules for keeping flowers:
- As soon as the seeds that have been planted in the open ground are slightly stronger and release the so-called eighth leaf, they must be "pinched". This contributes to the development of branching.
- The flower loves the bright sun, so you need to plant it in an area where there is no shade.
- Abundant watering will only benefit. Lack of moisture makes the appearance of the buds less attractive, and the stems from this become lignified. For irrigation it is necessary to use only settled or rainwater. It must be poured to the very root, preventing drops from falling on the leaves. Watering can be done every day, especially if the weather is hot.
- Chrysanthemums are fed with mineral and organic fertilizers, for example, ammonia nitrogen. The first feeding should take place no later than 6-8 weeks after planting the chrysanthemum. You need to use solutions that are poured out at the root.
- If the winters in the region are snowy and frosty, then it is better not to dig out the plant. And, if the weather is rainy and alternates with frosts and thaws, then it is better to transplant the flower into a pot and transfer it to the house.
It will not be difficult for beginners and experienced gardeners to provide such care. And the plant, in turn, will delight them with bright and variegated flowering.
Indian chrysanthemum is a small perennial plant that is very often found in summer cottages and gardens. Proper care will allow you to enjoy yellow, fluffy flowers for a long time.
Indian chrysanthemum is a plant that gives a special beauty to the autumn backyard and gives pleasure to its owners.
Indian chrysanthemum is a perennial plant that belongs to the Astrov family.
The main characteristics of the plant
How to deal with pests and diseases of chrysanthemums
Chrysanthemum is not distinguished by good immunity to diseases, therefore, it requires special attention during the growing season. In order not to put flowers at risk, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the foliage, stems, take preventive measures in a timely manner, and take care of the soil
If it was not possible to avoid defeat, it is important to recognize it correctly, to apply the most effective methods of struggle to eliminate it. Chrysanthemums may have the following diseases:
- Septoria - leaf spot. First, yellow spots are formed, gradually darken to black. First of all, the diseased areas are cut off. The whole bush is treated with fungicides.
- Rust. Pale patches form on the surface of the greenery. Affected leaves are removed, healthy ones are thinned out for better ventilation. The plant should also be treated with fungicides.
- Withering leaves. The fungus enters the plant through the soil, blocking the supply of nutrients. All infected areas are removed, the soil pH is raised to 7.0.
- Powdery mildew. The leaf is covered with a whitish dotted bloom. The affected plant material is removed, the bush is treated with antifungal drugs.
- Mosaic. Chrysanthemum infected with a virus has a stunted appearance, yellow leaves. It should be removed by the root, in the future, actively fight weeds on the site.
In addition to diseases, various organisms can cause harm to the chrysanthemum. The most dangerous are leaf nematodes, aphids, spider mites. Unsegmented worms attack the root system. You can fight them only by completely removing the plant along with the surrounding soil. The spread of parasites will prevent spring mulching.In hot weather, the danger to chrysanthemums is caused by aphids, which feed on the juice of young shoots. You can remove it with a strong jet of water, then the bush should be treated with insecticides, copper-soap solution.
Medium varieties of chrysanthemums
These chrysanthemums bloom in October. They are also subdivided into subtypes based on flower sizes.
Medium large-flowered varieties
The needle-like shape of the Anastasia variety flower attracts attention with its bright color - white, yellow, green or light pink. Bud size 18-20 cm
The Ping Pong variety is distinguished by large globular flowers on a long peduncle. It is good to use it for bouquets.
The Orange variety has an interesting spherical shape of bright yellow flowers in a size not exceeding 20 cm.
The Polizadena variety attracts attention with its spherical white or yellow flowers 17–20 cm in diameter
The Regina variety is distinguished by its large white flowers, similar to balls up to 18 cm in size.
Recent Entries
Chainsaw or electric saw - what to choose for the garden? 4 mistakes when growing tomatoes in pots that almost all housewives make Secrets of growing seedlings from the Japanese, who are very sensitive to the earth
Snowdon flowers are bright, white, spherical and very large. Their size can be up to 24 cm.
The Chita variety with large spherical pink-white flowers is ideal for bouquets. The size of the buds is 20 cm.
Medium mid-flowered varieties
The Sterling variety, despite its decorative effect, is very unpretentious, winters well.
The Milka Lilac variety has very bright flowers, the bush reaches 60 cm.
The Gazelle variety is very abundant and blooms for a long time from October to November.
The Crimean variety Valentina Tereshkova has large leaves and bright pink flowers up to 15 cm in size.
The Safina variety is distinguished by needle-like yellow-orange flowers up to 16 cm in diameter. Looks very unusual, winters well.
Spherical flowers of the Tom Pierce variety are red-golden in color, their size is 15–17 cm.
In the Eleanor variety, the flowers outwardly resemble gerberas, the color is pink, yellow or white, the size of the bud is 16 cm.
Medium small-flowered varieties
Knopa blooms very luxuriantly. Up to 160 flowers open on the bush at the same time.
Flowers of the Amadea variety resemble a simple white or lilac chamomile. It looks very beautiful on the bush, blooms until November.
The Amazonka variety is distinguished by flowers in the form of a small lilac chamomile.
The Bacardi variety has a peculiarity in abundant flowering, the buds themselves look like white chamomile, less often pink.
The variety Grand Pink on the bush simultaneously blooms 150 "daisies" of blue or lilac color.
Monna Lisa flowers can be white or pink and resemble chamomile.
The amazing flowers of the Sabo variety also resemble chamomile, but of an interesting lilac-white color.
Lorna Dunk is characterized by long flowering and cold resistance.
An overview of the practical and persistent chrysanthemum Bacardi
general characteristics
Chrysanthemum varieties Bacardi belongs to tall shrub plants, its stems grow up to 1.2-1.5 m, while they do not break due to their strength and flexibility. But they are tied up so that the plant does not lose its presentation (leaves and flowers do not get dirty with earth, the stem remains straight). Graceful carved leaves, divided into several parts, are painted in a rich dark green color, they perfectly set off not too large flowers of white, pink, cream, maroon or bright yellow color.
A simple non-double flower has the shape of a chamomile - the middle with a diameter of up to 1.5 cm is surrounded by petals, so that a fully blossoming flower most often has a diameter of 6.5 cm.The middle is green or yellowish-green, the petals are quite strong, florists sometimes paint them in other unexpected colors even stick on sequins. Cut flowers adorn the interior for several weeks. The bush can be grown in a flowerbed or at home in a pot, caring for it is traditional.Chrysanthemums love nutritious water and breathable soil, neutral or sour, a lot of sun, average air temperature.
In the garden, they are planted on an open lawn slightly on a hill, at least not in a hollow or lowland, in order to avoid possible stagnation of moisture. If the soil is heavy, it is worth digging a larger hole, laying out a drainage layer, and already prepared (corrected) soil on it. In the spring, the bushes must be pruned so that they grow lush, form many shoots. In summer and autumn, sanitary pruning is done, and with the beginning of the formation of buds, their number is normalized, pinching off the extra ones.
You need to moisten it moderately, not letting the earth dry out completely, in the spring you can apply nitrogen or, better, complex mineral fertilizers, and in the summer you no longer need to give nitrogen, only potassium. At the end of summer, you can feed the bushes with a potassium-phosphorus mixture to improve flowering and help to get through the winter easier. If the winter is expected to be harsh, then a frame made of wire or wooden slats can be arranged over the plant, and an insulating material (non-woven fabric or something similar) can be laid on it.
At home, you need to plant the chrysanthemum in a large pot, replant annually. The most comfortable air temperature for Bacardi is +17 ° C. Heat will slow down flowering, may cause yellowing of leaves, slow down growth
Chrysanthemums respond well to feeding with infusion of bird droppings, but it must be very much diluted (20: 1), watered carefully on damp ground
Video "Chrysanthemum care"
In this video, you will hear helpful tips for caring for chrysanthemums.
White chrysanthemum in shape resembles a chamomile, only it has a green center, and the petals are larger. Formal bouquets are formed from such pearl-white flowers framed with dark green leaves on strong stems, they are often used for a bride's bouquet. If the number of buds on the stem was controlled, the extra ones were removed, then the flower turned out to be large - 6.5–7.5 cm in diameter. If not, then on one branch there are 5-7 smaller flowers, they look more delicate and touching.
Pink
The rose petals look unusual, especially with a yellowish-green center. If a monochromatic bouquet is diluted with a few white flowers, the pink will shine brighter. Some florists prefer to artificially add brightness and sparkle: mother-of-pearl is applied to the petals, sparkles are glued. The structure of the petals withstands this treatment.
The flowers of the Bacardi Cream variety look even more unusual - the delicate creamy color of the petals with dark green leaves form an unusual bouquet. Delicate pastel bouquets of cream, pink and white flowers are often made. Sometimes brighter notes are added to them: red, burgundy, yellow, blue.
A bouquet looks great with a combination of three colors: pearl white, cream and burgundy.
Bacardi Sani
The yellow flowers of the Bacardi Sani variety look very joyful and bright. The solid color bouquet simply radiates the energy of the sun. Single flowers are sometimes used for bracelets or wreaths, creating living decorations for the corsage of a festive dress.
Landing
When growing Bacardi, the same technologies are used as for other representatives of chrysanthemums.
Seat selection
They choose a place for planting chrysanthemums that is sublime, warm and light, so that there is no stagnation of water in the root system. In addition to these conditions, the planting site must be protected from winds and illuminated by sunlight for at least 6 hours a day.
Soil requirements
Chrysanthemum grows well on loose, moisture-permeable, fertile soil. If the soil in the garden is dense and poor in nutrients, then rotted manure should be added before planting the cuttings, but without abuse. Otherwise, the stems will become too tall and look bad during flowering. You can add some coarse sand to the soil or sawdust as drainage.
Timing
Chrysanthemum seedlings and bushes are usually planted in spring, when the ground warms up to 12-14 ° C to a depth of 15-20 cm. In the southern regions, flower seedlings are planted after spring frosts in early April. In the Urals and Siberia, the time of planting flower seedlings falls on the beginning of June.
Landing scheme
Chrysanthemum seedlings are planted in a checkerboard pattern, leaving a distance of 40 cm between them. At the same time, it is necessary to compact the soil around the plants so that the plant shoots do not stretch out, and the flowering is abundant.
Caring for Bacardi consists of watering, feeding and forming bushes.
Watering
Chrysanthemum loves abundant watering, since the root system of the flower is close to the surface of the earth. From a lack of moisture, the shoots can become lignified, the inflorescences will lose their splendor and attractiveness. When watering in rain or settled water, add 2 drops of ammonia, pour the water under the roots of the plants.
After watering, the soil around the bushes is loosened; to retain moisture, you can mulch.
Top dressing
For the normal development of chrysanthemum bushes, it is necessary to systematically feed them by introducing organic and mineral fertilizers into the soil at least 3 times during the period of growth and flowering.
Like any plant, at the beginning of the growing season, chrysanthemum needs nitrogen. For the purpose of enrichment with this important element, ammonia nitrogen is better introduced; after fertilization, the bushes quickly build up green mass.
To stimulate the splendor of chrysanthemum buds, they are fed with potash and phosphorus fertilizers.
It is recommended to feed using liquid nutrient solutions, applying them under the root of the bushes on the second day after watering or after rain. The first feeding is done two weeks after planting in open ground, using a solution of azophoska and ammonium nitrate. Take 20 g per 10 liters of water.
From organic fertilizers, you can use a weak solution of mullein or chicken droppings.
Chrysanthemum loves a lot of sun, grows well and blooms profusely at an average temperature.
Bush formation
In order for the chrysanthemum bushes to look well-groomed, beautiful and lush, they must be shaped. The main method of formation is the use of pinching, which is carried out at the beginning of summer. The method consists in the fact that the upper part of the shoots is pinched until flower buds appear. As a result, a bush with a lush crown is formed, which has up to 40 inflorescences.
After this procedure, the bushes take on a beautiful shape, bloom profusely and for a long time.
The interval between pinching and flowering is about a month. In addition to pinching, stepchildren, which emerge from the axils of the plant, are removed from large-flowered varieties. Shoots and side buds are regularly removed in summer.
Wintering
In order for the chrysanthemum to endure the winter well in the open field, it is necessary to timely prepare for the frost period, starting from the end of August or the beginning of September. To increase the plant's immunity and resistance to frost, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are introduced into the soil.
The first autumn frosts will not harm the chrysanthemum, it will only get stronger. With the onset of cold weather, the bushes must be cut off at a level of 10 cm from the ground, after which they are spud. This procedure will help protect the roots of the plant from low temperatures.
Daisy chrysanthemums
Asia became known for the first time with daisy chrysanthemums. They not only decorated gardens, but were also eaten.
Chamomile variety
They are perennial plants with umbrella-shaped inflorescences. Flowers are double and non-double. They are distinguished from the field chamomile by the larger and more spectacular flower size.
There are different shades:
- Pink,
- Purple,
- Red,
- Yellow,
- Cream.
Additional Information. In chrysanthemum varieties Maiden inflorescences also resemble chamomile. This is one of the most compact chrysanthemums that can be grown at home.
Inga
Inga Chrysanthemum is a Korean variety. Shrub, up to 70 cm in height. The flowers are yellow in color, with tubular petals and feathery along the edges.
Camilla
Camille Chrysanthemum is a terry bush. Inflorescences with a bright yellow core reach 5 cm in diameter. Very similar to chamomile. It stands after cutting for about 6 days.
Lacemaker
Chrysanthemum Crugevnica is an unusual Korean variety. Non-double, with petals that resemble the shape of a spoon. Convex yellow core. It blooms in October, the shrub rises 55-70 cm in height.
Prosseco
Chrysanthemum Prosseco is a bouquet bush. The flowers are medium-sized, milky-colored petals, the core is greenish in color, up to 6 cm in diameter. If cut, it can last 2 weeks.
Zembla
Chrysanthemum Zembla is considered a large-flowered terry beauty. It is cultivated as bush and single-headed. You can decorate the garden with Zembla, and landscape design, and a cozy home atmosphere.
Zembla
In the garden, it can reach a meter in height, at home - about 30 cm. The flower petals are tongue-shaped, on one branch - up to 3-4 buds. The most popular are yellow inflorescences.
Additional Information. One-headed chrysanthemum also includes Chrysanthemum Magnum, Gagarin, Peter, Momoko and Baltic chrysanthemum. They are ideal for cutting, can last up to three weeks, and they can very easily endure cold without moisture.
Often the word "mix" is put with the name Zembla, since it has a huge variety of varieties that differ in the outflow of petals.
Chrysanthemum keeled
The keeled chrysanthemum belongs to the groups of annual chrysanthemums, which also includes the crowned, sowing and multi-stemmed species.
Keeled tricolor
Has characteristic features:
- The leaves are arranged in turn
- Fruits - in the form of achenes with a fly,
- Inflorescences in the form of a basket up to 4 cm in diameter,
- Flowering begins in June and lasts until the end of August.
Diseases and pests
Chrysanthemum has many diseases and pests. Many of which infect plants if the conditions for the growth of a flower are not observed.
Bacterial cancer
Diseases:
- gray rot (the appearance of brown spots with pubescence);
- powdery mildew (white bloom on leaves, stems);
- rust (the appearance of brownish chlorotic spots on the foliage, thinning of the stems);
- bacterial cancer;
- leaf spot;
- verticillary wilting (fungal disease, penetrating through the roots causes yellowing and death of leaves).
To prevent the onset and development of diseases, observe the watering regime, do not overfill the bushes, but also do not overdry them. Rust is fought with fungicides. Plants affected by cancer must be urgently removed from the site and destroyed. Adding Fitosporin to the water for irrigation will help prevent the development of rot. Treatment with Previkur will help to cope with the abundant development of microorganisms and prevent their negative influence. Treatment with copper-containing preparations (Bordeaux liquid) prevents the development of fungal diseases.
Meadow bug
Pests:
- aphid;
- spider mite;
- snails;
- caterpillars;
- miner mole;
- chrysanthemum nematode;
- meadow bug.
Soaping treatments help get rid of aphids. Ordinary flea drops for animals have a wonderful effect against aphids (4 drops per glass of water). Mites and aphids do not like high humidity.
It is very important to destroy aphids before flowering, there will be no aphids from the flowers. A solution of baby shampoo (1 hour
l. 10 l). In order to prevent chrysanthemums, you can spray with phosphamide.
If the plant is affected by a nematode (blackening of the lower leaves), it must be urgently removed and burned. In the future, to reduce the risk of re-infection, chrysanthemums should not be grown in this place for several years. Formalin soil treatment can be used as a preventive measure against nematodes.
Caterpillars love to devour chrysanthemum buds. It is better to prevent unpleasant consequences in advance by treatment with insecticides (Fitoverm, Aktara, Iskra). Preventive spraying with tobacco, garlic infusion repels dangerous pests.
Slugs and snails cause significant damage to plants. They spoil its appearance by eating leaves and flowers. To combat them, it is better to use gentle methods: scattering egg shells, setting traps with beer, manual collection.
Chrysanthemums are often affected by viral diseases:
- mosaic;
- dwarfism;
- aspermia.
These viruses cause deformation and development of plants, change the color of the leaves. There is no way to cure the affected bushes, they are destroyed.
Flower propagation
Overseas flowers from the south can be propagated in many ways. There are three ways:
By dividing the bush. The bush is divided in the spring after all frosts. In order for the flowers to throw out inflorescences well, the bushes are divided every three years.
The plant is carefully dug up, the roots are cut, and the bush is divided into small bushes, which are planted in the prepared holes and watered
- Seed. Sowing is done at the end of spring. Each future plant is assigned a hole, the distance between them should be at least 25 cm. 3-4 seeds are buried in the hole. And at the end of summer, you can wait for the first flowers.
- Cuttings. Reproduction of bush chrysanthemum in this way is best done. A stalk with 4-5 leaves 5-8 cm in size is cut under the leaf pattern. The stalk sits in the prepared container. When the root system appears, it is advisable to transplant the cuttings into separate pots. Only after the frost has passed, young chrysanthemums are planted in open ground.
Not all species grow on personal plots, there are flowers that feel comfortable in the house.
