Hoya: description, planting, care and reproduction

Keeping in nature and at home

Hoya is an inhabitant of the tropics. And at home, she kept the habits acquired in nature. She still tends to the sun, prefers moist rather than dry air and a fairly high temperature. Just about the winter temperature for hoya, flower growers often disagree. The traditional point of view is that the hoya prefers a cool wintering, + 12–16 C. But the practitioners assure us that the hoya has a wonderful winter at moderate 18–20 degrees and even higher. Most likely, both are right. For some varieties, such as succulent leaf carnose, coolness will be beneficial. Only then should the humidity be low. And the tender hoya bella wants to live in warmth even in winter. So when creating a climate for your hoya, take into account the natural conditions to which she is accustomed.

Table: conditions for hoya

To stimulate flowering, it is recommended to arrange a bath for hoya.

Important nuances of caring for a plant at home

Hoya is deservedly considered a rather unpretentious plant, but care for its different species varies slightly. Therefore, you need to know exactly which variety you own.

Watering

Hoya is a rather large tropical plant, but it categorically does not tolerate excess moisture. Most species need moderate watering (except for linear). If the leaves of the hoya are dense, similar to succulent, the topsoil should dry out 2-3 cm between treatments. Varieties with thin, hard or pubescent leaves are constantly kept in a slightly moist state.

Fertilization

Hoya is fed only during the active growing season, from early spring to mid-autumn. Any complex fertilizers for flowering indoor plants or special products for succulents are suitable. It is watered with a nutrient solution twice a month. The composition must necessarily contain nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium. After each procedure, it is advisable to loosen the soil in the pot.

Since hoya spends a lot of energy on flowering and building up green mass, it needs regular feeding.

Indoor flower pruning

The question of whether pruning hoye is needed, each grower decides for himself. The only rule is that in no case cut off the "hemp" remaining in the place of fallen flowers. Next year, it is on them that new buds are formed.

Vine shoots can be twisted around the supports. When grown by the ampel method, they are periodically shortened to the desired length. It is useful to cut off every third lash by about half in the fall - the flowering will be more abundant.

To stimulate branching, bushy hoyi are pinched annually, removing 2-3 upper growth buds on each shoot. The first time the procedure is carried out after the appearance of the fourth leaf. If a crown of a certain configuration is formed, all the lashes that violate the harmony are cut off.

The hoya sprawling in different directions looks rather untidy

Bloom

To stimulate flowering, a pot of hoya is dipped in water heated to 30–40 ° C for 2–2.5 hours in late spring and early autumn. Then the substrate must be dried well. If you are “bathing” the entire plant, reduce the procedure time to 25-30 minutes.

The abundance of hoya blooms often depends on ensuring a cool wintering

Dormant period

Providing the opportunity to "rest" in winter is a guarantee of abundant flowering for the next year. The beginning of the dormant period is evidenced by a slowdown in the growth of the vine. This usually happens when daylight hours are reduced.

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In the presence of additional lighting, hoya can do without winter "rest". Otherwise, the plant needs to be kept cool (if it is not beautiful hoya), reduce watering and refuse feeding. The lack of moisture in winter leads to the fact that the vine blooms more abundantly the next year.

Signs and superstitions associated with a flower

Back in the 70s of the last century, many indoor plant lovers were fond of growing Hoya, and now this flower is undeservedly forgotten, most likely, this is due to the multiple superstitions that "hover" around her. So from some sources you can find out that Hoya scares off men. Others tell us that she is an energy vampire, and no other plant can grow next to her, and also that quarrels and scandals are frequent guests in the house where Hoya grows. So you can probably say about any indoor flower growing in a house where not everything is safe.

It is more pleasant to read other signs: it is known that the Hoya plant will provide your family happiness, for this you just need to put a flower in the bedroom, and peace and quiet will settle in your house forever.

In fact, everyone decides for himself which flowers he likes, grow them himself or just admire, here only his own taste and sympathy matter.

Hoya in home floriculture

In order to plant this flower at home, you need to choose it in size. Many types of hoya grow to a large size. But you can also choose those that fit easily on the windowsill.

The plant can simply be hung or placed in a specific place, and the branches will curl around the pot. While the plant is young, then its stems are flexible and elastic, but then they can break if you try to bend them.

This flower is easy to care for to grow at home. In any case, this plant will always reward with its decorative appearance, which will be so as long as it is properly cared for.

Problems when growing hoya

• The lack of flowering in hoya indicates a lack of lighting;
• Falling leaves occurs with severe waterlogging, hypothermia of the root system in winter, or if the plant has changed its place of growth;
• Slow growth in combination with the pallor of the foliage indicates a lack of nutrients in the soil, which occurs with insufficient fertilization and depletion of the soil;
• Leaf spot indicates sunburn, or with an excess of light;
• The fall of flowers and flower buds occurs when the indoor air is too dry or when the plant is moved;
• Rolling leaves, drying occurs when the sun is too bright.

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Features of outdoor care

In order to get a beautiful and flowering plant in the garden, you don't need to do something special. Outdoor care is no different from home care. It is necessary to observe the light regime, watering and feeding. After reproduction, you can plant the plant in open ground and carry out the same care as in the room.

• The main thing when planting is to choose a place with good lighting, but without direct sunlight.
• Keep track of the watering of the plant, not forgetting about feeding.
• Also spray, which Hoya loves very much.
• Check the appearance of the plant to avoid disease and pest infestation.

Hoya diseases and pests

Hoya does not get sick too often, and pests avoid it. But a plant with weakened immunity due to errors in care can become sick or surrender to parasites. Root nematodes, scale insects and mealybugs can harm him, and from ailments rot caused by fungi is especially annoying.

Table: who is hurting?

Hoya varieties for growing at home

This is an amazing, unpretentious plant, numbering several dozen species and giving a large field of activity for breeding and growing indoors.

The most common are the following types of plants:

• Hoya is beautiful (Noya bella), its leaves grow densely on hanging shoots, and each flower seems to be a miracle of jewelry art.

• Hoya kerrii, this species has stems with thick, fleshy leaves, heart-shaped. "Valentine" - this is how this type of Hoya is often called.

• Hoya carnosa (Hoya carnosa) or fleshy, has oval, small thickened leaves, white with pink flowers, collected in a large rosette. In order for this plant to develop well, it needs support. Also, varieties of fleshy Hoya are suitable for growing in an apartment: Hoya Carnosa Tricolor, Hoya carnosa Variegata, Hoya compacta.

Each of the listed species is beautiful and unique, indoor Hoya is always attractive, whether it is a period of rest or flowering. If you decide to grow Hoya, then communication with her will give you many pleasant minutes.

Hoya at different times of the year

This plant blooms even in winter. If you want to make such beauty in yourself, then you need to prepare a flower for this already in September. For this, a container with a plant is placed on the east side.

At the beginning of winter, the flower is watered very little, and as a result, flowers appear on the plant. The most ideal temperature for this period of time is 15 degrees Celsius.

There are also such types of hoya that do not like the coolness, they include multiflora. If the temperature is below 20 degrees, then it loses leaves and flowers.

As a rule, winter for hoya is an opportunity to rest, and at this time it is better to water and fertilize less. It blooms in the warmest seasons, just when it needs constant care. And all this time the flower needs light.

Diseases and pests

As with the rest of home vegetation, this ivy most often suffers from improper care and inappropriate conditions. Less commonly, it is overcome by various pests and infections.

Fungal diseases

If the hoya is infected with phytopathogenic fungi, then it stops growing, and the foliage turns yellow and withers, and in addition, depending on the type of pathogen, other symptoms of the disease appear:

• Powdery mildew - occurs as a result of excessive moisture. A light waxy bloom appears on the foliage, which quickly covers the entire vine. Having found a lesion, the florist must immediately remove the infected parts of the flower.
• Sooty fungus is a secondary parasite that settles on the secretory fluid secreted by other insects. The fungus covers the leaf blades with a film, which is why the plant cannot fully breathe.
• Rust - orange or reddish spots and edging appear on the vine.

Hoya can be saved from these diseases if you react in a timely manner. A set of measures will be required:

It is important to immediately cut off all affected areas of the flower.
The next step is to transplant the plant into another pot with new soil.
Hoya should be treated with fungicidal preparations, it can be Topaz, Bordeaux liquid, sulfur or copper compound.

Rot infestation

They develop with a constant content of the flower in the cold, an excess of nitrogenous substances and overflow. Most often it occurs with excess moisture in an earthen coma: roots rot - soften and acquire an unpleasant rotting smell. Then the whole flower also perishes. If the rot initially affects the root system, then it is impossible to save the vine, it remains only to propagate it by cuttings.

If the rot has affected the aerial part, then emergency assistance is required - the removal of rotten parts and the processing of the sections with activated carbon powder.

Infectious diseases and pests

Experienced flower growers have faced such troubles as infections and harmful insects at least once. As a rule, one should act according to the circumstances, but there are general recommendations:

Infection with bacteria

Lead to wilting of the flower, yellowing and falling foliage. And also spots appear on the plates. It is not difficult to cure a pet: it should be kept in dry air and treated with solutions with copper compounds.

Harmful insects

Regardless of the variety, they all disrupt the access of nutrition to the plant, because of which the vine stops growing and sheds its foliage. These can be nematodes, spider mites, suckers, whiteflies, worms. The latter are especially dangerous, since a sooty fungus can take a liking to their sticky secretions, further worsening the condition of the plant.

In most cases, it is required to transplant the hoya into a new soil mixture, which it is advisable to pre-disinfect. In addition, it is recommended to water and spray the flower with special preparations: Aktofit, Aktara, Appolo, etc.

If the owner immediately reacts to the changes that have arisen, with rare exceptions, the vine can be cured and reanimated.

Hoya breeding

Liana is propagated by stem cuttings, layering, less often by seeds.

For successful rooting, the hoya stalk must have at least 2 pairs of leaves; it is recommended to cut it between the nodes.

Wax ivy takes root without problems both in water and in the ground, on average, the roots appear after 3 weeks. The main condition for the successful production of a new hoya specimen is a stable air temperature of at least 20 ° C.

Hoya lobbii.

Liana successfully reproduces by layering. To do this, a small incision is made on the shoot, covered with sphagnum moss and wrapped in plastic wrap. Within a week, roots form on the cut, after which it can be cut off, the cut site is sprinkled with activated carbon and planted in a separate container as an independent plant. Layers can be rooted even easier by digging in or covering with moss.

In order for the plant to please with flowering as soon as possible for reproduction, it is recommended to take parts of flowering hoi.

Botanical description and appearance

In nature, it grows in the humid forests of the tropical islands of Indonesia, the Indian subcontinent and Australia. It has the shape of a bush. A young plant growing upright with thin curly leaves. The length of the leaves is no more than 10 centimeters, the width is up to 6 centimeters, and the color is emerald.

On the leaves, venation is clearly visible, which appears only on mature, wide leaves. The flowers resemble an umbrella. They appear on peduncles more than 5 centimeters long. The plant has elongated, miniature emerald-colored pedicels. Each umbrella consists of 16-22 flowers.

The petals are sharp and curved back. Has an amber-white shade. The inside is snow-white with small spots of pink color. The plant also has a small root system.

Care

In the period from spring to late autumn, the flower must be provided with moderate lighting, avoiding prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. The best windows for wax ivy are east or west facing windows. In the case of "southern" windows, shading or moving into the interior of the room will be required, and with windows facing north - additional artificial lighting, otherwise you can not wait for flowering. The temperature regime in the summer months should be between + 19-26 ° C. During the winter period (dormant period), you should not allow a prolonged drop in the air temperature in the room where the flower grows below +16 ° C, while the air can be dry, but you should not forget about periodic spraying, carried out twice a month , warm settled water using a spray bottle.

The plant requires a good nutritious soil and regular nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, which are carried out immediately after the end of the dormant period at intervals of twice a month, by watering with liquid fertilizer into the already moist soil (no matter what the roots burn).

The plant blooms profusely from early July to early November. Hoya's flowers are fleshy, with waxy petals, collected in inflorescences, shaped like a ball or umbrella, pink, white, yellowish or red, emitting drops of thick sticky secretion during flowering. After the plant has faded, the pedicels are not cut off, due to the fact that flowers will continue to form on them.

In order for "wax ivy" to bloom profusely, you need to select a small pot in which the roots would fill the entire space. When choosing a freer container, the plant begins to intensively increase the green mass to the detriment of flowering. But in one case or another, the pot must have a good drainage system with large holes at the bottom to prevent root rot.

When watering a flower, certain rules must be followed, one of which is to prevent excess moisture.Hoya's root system loves loose soil, breathable, and watering should be done only when the topsoil is dry to the touch. Watering in the summer months is carried out about once a week. Water should be softened or settled, at room temperature.

Twice a year, an adult plant must be freed from all supports and clothespins and put under a shower with warm water and watered abundantly while thoroughly wetting an earthen lump. As a rule, after such a procedure, Hoya begins to grow rapidly. The duration of growth and development of a plant can be tens of years.

Growing

There are some peculiarities when breeding this flower:

• Hoya loves light, so it is advisable to keep it on the south side. But at the same time, it is impossible for her to stand in direct sunlight for a long time. It is necessary to create a shadow, otherwise burns will appear on the leaves.
• If the hoya has enough light, then flowers can soon be seen on it. In the event that buds have appeared, then it does not need to be moved to another place.
• It is better to protect this plant from drafts and sudden temperature fluctuations. Also, you can't keep it cold. If the temperature is less than 10 degrees, then the flower will die.
• It will be good for the hoya if the soil where it is located is fluffy and light.
• In order for the plant to develop normally, it must be constantly fed with fertilizers.
• The soil should not be completely dry, as soon as it dries up, it must be watered immediately.
• This plant loves to be sprayed.

Home care

Lighting

The place for the plant should be well lit. The flower normally perceives direct sunlight

However, this does not mean that caution is in the way here. Burns may occur from direct exposure to ultraviolet rays on the plant.

Therefore, at noon, you need to provide the flower with diffused lighting. To do this, it is enough to shade the window with paper, tracing paper, tulle or in any other way.

The east or west side is perfect for the plant. There will be insufficient light on the north side and may not bloom. If the plant was in a shaded place before it appeared in your house, then you do not need to immediately put it in a well-lit place. It is necessary to increase the amount of light falling on it gradually.

Watering

Summer watering should be moderate as the soil dries out, do not let it dry out. And in winter you need to water even less. The plant has an excellent ability to tolerate a lack of moisture well. But its overabundance can be disastrous for him.

It is best to use rain or melt water.

Before using tap water, it must be defended. Be sure to soften hard water before watering with peat or oxalic acid.

Temperature

Not sensitive to temperature conditions. It tolerates room temperature normally, feels good in heat and easily tolerates coolness. However, it does not tolerate sudden changes in temperature. The average temperature in summer is + 18 ... + 23 degrees, and in winter + 14 ... + 18. Some species can winter at +10, but most are thermophilic and need to provide a warm winter.

In summer, it is recommended to take the plant out into fresh air, but protect it from direct sunlight.

Priming

The soil should be selected according to the following properties:

• sour and neutral;
• loose;
• breathable;
• excessive amount of salts.

Use humus to increase nutritional value.

The best soil option should consist of:

• perlite;
• tree bark;
• pieces of peat;
• coconut fiber.

Pot

A small pot should be chosen for this plant so that the roots fill all the free space. In this case, it will bloom for a long time and profusely. If you want the plant to gain more green mass, then choose a pot that is slightly looser. The material from which the pot is made can be very diverse and has no restrictions.

In a plastic container, the plant needs to be watered less often, since the moisture will not evaporate. But in clay, on the contrary, moisture evaporates quickly and the flower requires more frequent watering. When choosing a clay pot, it is better to choose one that is covered with ceramic glaze. It will ensure the tightness of the walls.

But there is one important condition for all hoya pots - good drainage holes. This is necessary so that excess moisture drains off without leading to root rot

Another plant can be safely planted in bamboo hanging pots.

Top dressing

The procedure is carried out from mid to late summer once every 3-4 days. Gives abundant flowering after nutrient fertilization and dressing.

Large mineral fertilizers are best suited for feeding:

• micro;
• saline;
• nitrogen;
• phosphoric;
• potash.

In winter, the flower does not require fertilizing and fertilization.

Pruning

The procedure is carried out in order for the plant to bush. To do this, you need to cut off the top of the central trunk after the fourth leaf has appeared. Pruning is done every year in the fall, after flowering is complete. Do not touch short shoots when pruning, they may have flower stalks. With regular and proper pruning, you will get a lush bush and increase the number of flower stalks.

Common diseases and pests

With proper care and under optimal conditions, the hoya almost never suffers from the attacks of pathogenic fungi and insect pests. Problems begin only when the grower forgets about the plant. Simple preventive measures will help to minimize the risk of infection:

• quarantine for newly acquired indoor plants;
• inspection of the collection at least once every 5-7 days and immediate isolation of all suspected infected specimens with suspicious symptoms;
• regular airing of the room, cleaning the leaves from dust;
• using only disinfected soil, clean dishes and tools;
• compliance with the rules for caring for the plant, especially with regard to watering.

Table: diseases and pests that hoya suffers from

About leaving ha hoy

Temperature: In summer, the optimum temperature for hoya is 17-25 ° C. In winter, the plant prefers a stable temperature of around 15 ° C, but can easily withstand 10 ° C. There are cases when the hoya tolerated a short-term drop to 2 ° C. But remember that overwintering at too low temperatures can severely harm the plant. Don't experiment, stick to favorable temperatures.

Lighting: Wax ivy belongs to light-loving plants, but when placing it, it should be borne in mind that direct sunlight negatively affects the decorative effect of the leaves. If you chose a south-facing room for your hoya, place the pot away from windows. When choosing a place for growing, keep in mind that the hoya does not tolerate rearrangements.

Hoya pennang island.

Watering: The plant needs moderate watering only after the topsoil is dry. In winter, watering is reduced and kept to a minimum. When watering, remember that it is better not to top up the plant than to pour it over. Hoya perfectly tolerates a lack of moisture, the more poor watering stimulates the flowering of the plant.

Air humidity: Hoya belongs to drought-resistant plants, but it has been noticed that it grows better with high humidity. In the summer, the vine will not give up spraying.

Hoya mindorensis.

Fertilizers: Apply 2 times a month in the spring and summer. They do it for the first time in March. In autumn and winter, all fertilization is stopped. It is permissible to fertilize hoya in the fall, but only if the plant begins to bloom.

Soil: Hoya is not selective in terms of soil, grows well and develops in a universal substrate or in a substrate for succulent plants. It is recommended to add sand or vermiculite to the substrate. A thick layer of drainage is placed on the bottom of the pot, which will save the plant from moisture stagnation in the soil, and the roots from excessive waterlogging.

Transplant: Wax ivy does not need to be transplanted frequently. Usually it is carried out once every 2-3 years. For growing hoya, only a cramped pot is mainly used, which has a beneficial effect on flowering. If you want to grow a longer hoya, it is certainly better to give preference to a looser pot.

Pests: Wax ivy is a plant that is resistant to pests, but vines weakened from improper care can be attacked by scale insects and spider mites.