Perennial carnation
This wonderful flower is quite easy to grow. To obtain a new copy, you can use several types of reproduction:
- seeds;
- cuttings;
- layering;
- dividing the bush.
The choice of method depends on the type of flower and the technology of its cultivation. Heat-loving varieties of cloves are usually grown as an annual or biennial plant. There are certain species, like the Dutch variety, that can only be fully grown in a greenhouse.
Perennial garden carnation - how best to propagate
The two most common breeding methods for this species are by seeds and cuttings. Both of these methods are widely used by gardeners.
Seed propagation is preferred for perennial carnations. This makes it possible to get a plant with a different shade of inflorescences and allows you to grow this crop in pots and flowerpots. In addition, it is not always possible to get cuttings of a plant of exactly the variety that you dreamed of. In this sense, the purchase of seeds is a simpler task.
Perennial carnation seeds can be obtained by yourself. To do this, wait until the end of flowering and leave a few faded inflorescences on the bush to ripen the seeds. When the seeds are ripe, they are carefully crushed into a small paper envelope and laid out in a thin layer to dry. Next, the prepared seeds are placed in an airtight package and stored in a dark and dry place.
Attention! Only healthy plants should be selected to obtain seeds. Some diseases can be transferred to young seedlings
Use in landscape design
There is a reason why the Turkish carnation is so common. Gardeners are attracted to it not only by its unpretentiousness and ease of care, but also by its beautiful appearance. This plant can be a wonderful decoration for any site.
Often, carnations are planted as a curb plant. It can effectively decorate garden paths. To do this, you can choose both monochrome and multi-colored varieties.
These flowers are often planted near the house. Even the simplest and most discreet buildings, these green pets can decorate, make them more aesthetic and attractive.
For the cultivation and care of Turkish carnations, see the video.
Flower propagation
We propagate the carnation by cuttings, lateral layers or seeds. Through vegetative propagation, a certain variety can be obtained, since hybrid varieties can be obtained from seeds. We sow seeds in flower pots or special containers. After the air temperature warms up, we transfer the seedlings to open ground for further cultivation. In order for the Chinese carnation to please with its flowering throughout the summer, the seeds should be sown at different intervals. So the first time we sow seeds in March, the second time - in April and May, immediately in open ground.
Reproduction using lateral layers or cuttings will not lead to baldness of the bush. For example, we propagate the Turkish carnation only by dividing the bush. Cuttings of flowers with three pairs of leaves are suitable for propagation. To do this, carefully cut the stalk at an angle, after which we make an incision in the lower part, sprinkle it with sand and spill it abundantly, then covering it with a jar without a bottom and a cork or with plastic wrap. Cuttings take root well and react to a humid environment - they take root in agroperlite or calcined sand.
For all types of carnations, complex or organic fertilizers are suitable, which we apply after the flowering period.
Planting seedlings of Shabo carnations
You can transfer the carnations that you plan to use to decorate your potted garden into permanent containers as early as late April or early May. On the day, the plants are taken out into the garden, at night - they are taken indoors until the air temperature at night rises above 7-10 degrees. This plant should only be placed in warm places with good lighting.
Plants can be transferred to open soil without waiting for June and the establishment of stable warm night weather: thanks to long-term hardening, Shabo cloves are usually transferred to the soil in May. She is not afraid of short-term frosts down to -3 degrees.
Carnation Shabo prefers fertile, neutral to slightly alkaline soils and open sun areas. The soil should not contain fresh manure; mature compost is preferred as organic fertilizer. The only soil on which it will definitely not take root is heavy clay and poor sand.
For this summer, it is very important to prepare sites for planting in advance. The soil is treated, improved, mineral fertilizers are applied to it
Moreover, it is better to start such preparation in the fall, having embedded organic matter and phosphate fertilizers in the soil (20 kg and 40-45 g, respectively, for each square meter). And in the spring, a month before planting, apply nitrogen and potash fertilizers (15 g and 25 g per square meter) to the soil.
The transplant procedure is standard. Plants are transferred to individual planting holes, making sure that the level of penetration remains the same.
Caring for a Shabo carnation is difficult; to get large flowers for cutting, a plant will need systemic procedures:
- regular deep watering to maintain light soil moisture and compensate for droughts;
- loosening the soil after heavy irrigation and precipitation;
- feeding. The first time after the start of growth of the transplanted seedlings, about a week later, the planting field - with nitrogen fertilizers in the amount of 15 g per square meter, and the second time - during the formation of buds - with complex fertilizer (10-15 g per square meter);
- tying up shoots in high varieties;
- removal of lateral buds to increase the size of flowers when grown for cut;
- removal of dead shoots, dry or damaged leaves;
- regular check-ups to prevent the spread of disease.
When cold weather comes in autumn, Shabo cloves can be transferred to pots and stored on the terrace, balcony or in the room. With regular grooming, you can even get her to continue flowering. But such plants will need coolness (temperatures are similar to those for seedlings) and very bright lighting.
Description
The Shabo carnation was bred in the 19th century by the Shabo pharmacist from Toulon. The Frenchman crossed two hardy species, obtaining a herbaceous perennial of hybrid origin. The flower immediately fell in love with gardeners and landscape designers. To this day, balconies and flower beds, gazebos and terraces are decorated with Shabo carnations. She is used to decorate the ridges - rectangular flower beds in the form of narrow strips along the paths of the garden, fences or fences.
Shabo carnations are planted in mixborders - complex flower beds in which plants are planted in several tiers and bloom from early spring to mid-November. Europeans attribute the Shabo carnation to the garden variety. In Russia, it is considered a separate representative of the carnation family. Experts admit that both points of view have a place to be, because this does not affect the beauty of the plant.
The plant is actively used in decor due to its varied color range, which includes both delicate pastel tones and bright saturated shades. In addition to the usual pink and red carnations, there are yellow, purple, beige and white.
It is worth getting to know the "anatomy" of this interesting plant. For example, it receives nutrients from the lower layers of the soil, thanks to a long root (it lies at a depth of 10-20 cm). From the root, there are long, strong stems (about 30-70 cm), on which buds bloom.The diameter of the latter is 6-8 cm. The Shabo carnation blooms from the top of summer to the very frost, and the seeds are formed one and a half to two months after the beginning of flowering. Seed germination lasts for three years.
In hot weather, the flower is saved from drought with the help of thin linear bluish-green leaves collected at the base of the bush. Thanks to them, the soil is in the shade, which reliably protects it from drying out. The exquisite aroma of Shabo cloves leaves no one indifferent. It is no coincidence that the petals get a second life after flowering: fragrant sachets are made from dried petals, which are used as a natural flavoring agent. In some cases, it is allowed to use the original decorated clove sachets as an organic addition to the interior.
Description of the flower perennial carnation
Garden carnation is a perennial plant, less often - one- or two-year, belonging to the Carnation family. The natural habitat of this flower is the territory of Asia, North Africa and Europe. From Latin Dianthus is translated as "flower of Zeus" or "divine flower". These beautiful carnation flowers are shown in the photo below:
These are long-legged and slender cut-off plants, while garden plants are mostly short. But what dense clumps they form, and each shoot - with a peduncle. Flowering is not only abundant, but also long - about two weeks in the middle of a sunny hot June.
Dianthus is predominantly a herbaceous plant, although semi-lignified species also occur in nature. Carnations do not give root suckers and, accordingly, do not creep. But the number of shoots increases from year to year, and the curtain becomes richer and richer. A distinctive feature of this type of flowering plants is the presence of two types of shoots at once - flowering and vegetative, which is not typical for all flowers. Shoots of vegetative type are much shorter and they do not branch out like flowering ones.
The stem of a flowering plant of this species is smooth and knotty, in height it can reach from 5 to 100 cm, depending on the variety. Flowers can be single or collected in several pieces, forming inflorescences in the form of scutes. In Dianthus, which grows in natural conditions, each flower consists of five petals; in cultivars of this plant, their number may vary. In some species, the petals are also different in shape - they can be simple, wavy, corrugated and fringed along the edge. The color of plants growing in natural conditions is presented in white and pink colors. Regarding the color of cultivated species, they have a wide variety of color options, cream, lilac, orange, purple, red, blue, yellow and even green specimens can be seen in gardens. Many flower growers even decorate their flower beds with multi-colored carnations that breeders were able to bring out.
Carnations bloom for a long time - from June to late autumn. After the plants have faded, bolls with a large number of seeds appear in their place. In addition to their attractive appearance, flowering plants also have a delicate pleasant aroma.
