Growing conditions
So what do you need to know about this? How to properly plant Turkish carnation seeds? The flower will grow best in fertilized soil. You can prepare the soil yourself, from a mixture of humus, fine sand and rotten leaves. All of the listed components are taken in equal parts.
Turkish carnation seedlings will grow best in an open, sunny location. Try to water your plants regularly, but don't overdo it. Cloves will also tolerate a lack of moisture for a short period of time. From April to June, the plant can be fed. To do this, a complex fertilizer is added to the water for irrigation.
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The subtleties of sowing seeds
There are certain subtleties of sowing primrose seeds. First you need to prepare suitable soil and containers. Let's immediately dispel all doubts about stratification. If you have hybrid seeds, then this procedure is not necessary. If these are varietal forms of culture, then it is best to put the bags in the refrigerator a month before planting.
Usually, if in doubt, we proceed as follows. We carry out sowing and keep the containers at a temperature of +12 - + 18 ° for 14 days. If the seedlings did not appear, then we drop the containers, covered with cellophane, into the snow for 2 weeks and put them back in the heat. Usually this method works flawlessly.
Soil and containers
You can take absolutely any soil. During germination, primrose seeds are completely undemanding to the chemical composition of the soil. Most importantly, it is free of weed seeds, fungal spores and bacteria.
It is also important to check the pH response. It must be neutral or alkaline.
This culture does not tolerate acidic soils. Wood ash or dolomite flour can be added before sowing.
It is advisable to pre-calcine the soil in the oven for 30 to 40 minutes. Then treat it to the full depth with one of the fungicides (Topaz, Vitaros, Maxim or Ridomil Gold).
Before sowing, mix the soil with vermiculite and agroperlite. They are taken at 1/10 of the total volume of the soil. They are soil improvers that keep it dry and provide sufficient root respiration for primrose seedlings.
A suitable container can be a plastic container with a tight-fitting lid, a seedling cassette, any dish more than 10 cm deep with transparent sides.
Sowing procedure
When sowing, primrose seeds do not need to be embedded in the ground. The procedure begins by filling the container with potting soil.The height of the soil should be about 5 cm. Then sprinkle vermiculite over the compacted surface in a layer of 5 mm. And already sowing on it. If there are a lot of seeds, then they can simply be scattered evenly. If it is not enough, then we moisten the toothpick with water and lay out one seed at a time on the surface at equal distances.
After sowing, it is worth moistening the surface from a spray bottle with warm water. Be sure to add a few drops of fungicide to it. This way you can disinfect the seeds and avoid black leg disease.
After the planting of primrose seeds is completed, we cover the containers with plastic wrap or tight lids. We put them on the windowsill, where the temperature does not drop below 10 ° and does not rise above 18 °. Seedlings will begin to appear at home after 7 to 10 days.
Plant diseases and pests
Aloe Vera extremely rarely affects diseases and pests, mainly the plant is threatened with waterlogging of the roots with excessive watering or drafts. But there are a number of cases when a flower really needs treatment.
Table: Diseases
| Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment |
| The tips of the leaves dry up | the roots have occupied the entire space of the pot, there are not enough nutrients | Transplant the Aloe Vera into a larger pot. |
| Leaves curl | insufficient plant care | Leaves should be wiped with a damp sponge, removing dust and dirt. |
| Leaves turn yellow and soften, become watery | excess moisture | Water less frequently and in moderation when the topsoil is dry. |
| Leaves are thin and uneasy | not enough light or moisture | Move the plant to a sunny windowsill or water the potted soil to the very bottom, add water to the pan. |
| Brown spots | not enough moisture | Make sure that when watering, the water reaches the lower roots and flows out a little into the pan. |
| Soft dark green spots | fungal infection | Treat with an antifungal agent for indoor plants: Trichodermine, Glyocladin, Previkur Energy, and so on. |
| The leaves turned red | excess sunlight | You can transfer the Aloe Vera to the shade, the leaves will turn green again. |
| Leaves fall | cold water for irrigation | Water at room temperature with a full watering can next to the plant. |
| The stem dries up, Aloe Vera does not respond to watering, does not grow | root rot | Remove from the pot, inspect the roots, cut off the rotten ones, sprinkle the cuts with charcoal, transplant into new soil; if the leaves also began to rot, then it is better to cut off the surviving crown, dry the cut for a day and move it for rooting, and discard the diseased plant. |
| Aloe dies unexpectedly with no visible signs of illness | dry rot that attacks the plant from the inside | It is not possible to notice the defeat in time, Aloe Vera does not change color, it looks healthy, therefore the best remedy is prevention (spraying with fungicides). |
Table: Pests
| External signs | Pest | Wrestling |
| A brown insect 5 mm long, covered with a transparent wax shield on top; the affected leaves of the plant shine, become sticky. | scabbard | While there are few pests, they can be washed off with soapy water; if you do not have enough patience to clean each leaf or scabbard is already a lot, then spray Aloe Vera with Aktara. |
| A cobweb on the leaves, through a magnifying glass you can find insects on it. | spider mite | Spray with acaricides: Actellic, Aktara, Bona Forte. |
| White insects 0.5–12 mm long leave pieces that look like cotton or fluff on the leaves. | mealybugs | Wash off the pests with an alcohol-based garlic infusion (2-3 cloves per 200 ml): dip a cotton pad in the liquid and wipe each leaf; you can also spray the plant with Aktara, Fitoverm, Biotlin. |
| Silvery strokes appear on the leaves, which merge over time; insects are clearly visible, have an abdomen, tail and legs, color - from white to black. | thrips | Treat the flower with Fitoverm, Aktellik, Karate or other insecticides. |
Pests can easily move from flower to flower. If parasites have appeared on Aloe Vera, then be sure to check the neighboring pots.
Chemicals are harmful to humans, especially in enclosed spaces. Carry out the processing in an isolated room. When the drug is absorbed (the leaves are dry), the plant can be carried to the designated place and the room can be ventilated.
Aloe Vera is a plant that has existed on Earth for over 4 thousand years. It retains its medicinal properties even when grown on a windowsill. For this “home doctor” to be always at hand, you need to create optimal conditions for him. Aloe Vera pleases especially caring owners with flowering.
Sowing seedlings
Turkish carnation is a perennial plant. However, it is also cultivated as a biennial. The advantage of the propagation method from seedlings is that flowers appear in the first year.
Preparing the soil for sowing seedlings
For sowing seeds, a substrate is prepared from the following components:
- peat and sod land - 2 parts each;
- sand - 1 part.
Sand improves gas exchange in the soil, and peat provides seedlings with nutrients. This contributes to the higher germination rate of the Turkish carnation.
The soil is frozen before seed application. This measure eliminates weeds, pests and parasites. For this purpose, the substrate is placed in a freezer and kept for 5 days at a temperature of -15 ° C. If the weather conditions permit, then the bag with soil mixture is simply put out on the street. After deep freezing, the mixture is moved to heat for a week, and then this cycle is repeated.
The second disinfection method is steaming. Place a large pot or bucket on the stove, add water and bring to a boil. A lattice is placed on top of the container, on which the soil mixture is placed, placed in several layers of gauze. Heat the substrate for 90 minutes. Immediately before sowing seeds, the ground is watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Growing seedlings
To obtain seedlings, carnations are sown in February. Previously, the container is doused with boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate to reduce the likelihood of developing fungal infections. A drainage layer is laid out at the bottom, for which they use gravel, expanded clay, fragments of broken ceramic dishes. As a last resort, crushed foam is used.
Gardening stores sell special drainage materials. In addition to maintaining a certain level of moisture, they also perform another task - they protect the soil from toxic substances and heavy metal salts.
The seeds are placed in the prepared soil to a depth of 1 cm, maintaining a distance of 2-3 cm between them. At the first stage, the container is placed in a room with a temperature of about 17 ° C. The container is covered with paper or film, periodically ventilating and spraying water on the surface. When shoots appear, the seedlings are moved to a room with a temperature of about 15 ° C, but with good lighting. Higher temperatures will provoke rapid growth, which will affect the decorative effect of the bush.
Reference. Sowing density for all plants is determined as follows: 2-3-week-old seedlings should not completely shade the ground with foliage.
When 3 leaves have appeared from the soil, the bushes are planted in separate pots filled with a soil mixture, a similar mixture for sowing for seedlings. Before planting in open ground, young plants are first taken out into fresh air for 2-3 hours. Dishes with sprouts are left in the shade, hiding from direct sunlight. The exposure time is increased every day. At night, the pots are left by the window with the window open. This allows the culture to get used to new conditions.
Seedlings are planted in open ground in the third or fourth week of May, when frosts are unlikely and the soil has warmed up sufficiently.
Attention! Turkish carnation does not tolerate the transplant procedure very well.Therefore, when diving, it is better to place seedlings in pots, with which they are then transferred to open ground.
