The history of cultivating grape varieties Cardinal
The Cardinal variety appeared a long time ago - in the middle of the last century. It was bred by Californian breeders E. Snyder and F. Harmon on the basis of crossing the grapes Queen of the vineyards and Alphonse Lavalle. The new variety gradually spread to Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, France and other European countries.
In 1958, Cardinal was brought to Soviet Russia from France (Montpellier nursery), since 1965 he began to undergo state variety testing, and since 1974 the variety was officially registered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. Zoned in the North Caucasus region, and since 2004 - in the Lower Volga region.
Cardinal grapes and its varieties in the photo
Cardinal has become the basis of many other grape varieties. In particular, there are varieties Anapsky Cardinal, obtained in Russia, and Moldavian Cardinal resistant, obtained by crossing Cardinal with Moldavian grapes Criuleni.
Caring for a swimsuit in the garden
Growing a swimsuit in the garden
Young bathers, as already mentioned, need regular moistening of the soil, and in the first month and protection from direct sunlight. By the age of two or three, the bushes growing in open areas reach a height of 50-60 cm.In partial shade, the bathing suit can grow up to 80-90 cm, and the stems and leaf petioles become longer, however, the bathing suit growing in partial shade forms fewer flowers, and the color is not so intense. In the shade, the development of the plant slows down, and it can reach its maximum size only in the sixth or seventh year. Lack of lighting also negatively affects the number of flowers formed by the plant and the brightness of their color.
Watering and feeding the swimsuit
Regular and thorough watering is required not only for young bathers, but also for mature plants, especially during a prolonged drought. For irrigation, use only settled and heated by the sun water: the easiest way is to install a tank or other large container in a sunny place in the garden, in which rainwater will be collected. After watering or rain, the soil is loosened and the weeds are destroyed.
Sometimes watering the swimsuit is combined with top dressing, using a solution of a teaspoon of urea in a bucket of water as fertilizer. The bather is also well accepted by such nutritional complexes as Nitrofoska and Agricola, the solution of which is prepared in the same proportion as the urea solution. Top dressing is necessary for a swimsuit at the time of bud break and before flowering.
Reproduction and transplantation of a swimsuit
You already know how to grow a swimsuit from seeds, but the seed method for propagating this plant is rarely used. Usually, a swimsuit is propagated vegetatively - by dividing the curtain, carried out every five years at the end of August or at the beginning of September. You can divide healthy, developed plants in the fifth or sixth year of life, because at this age the swimsuit that does not tolerate transplantation has a lot of vitality that will help her to cope with stress.
The mother plant needs to be dug out, its roots must be cleaned from the ground, washed well and cut into pieces with a sharp sterile knife, each of which should have several rosette shoots with roots. The sections are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate or wood ash, after which the cuttings are immediately planted in pre-prepared pits located at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other. The root collar should be deepened by 2-3 cm, and the leaves of the swimsuits should be cut off after planting.New leaves will begin to grow in just two weeks.
Swimsuit in winter
Almost all types of swimwear have such a property as cold resistance, therefore they spend the winter in the garden without shelter. When the leaves of the plant die off in September-October, they are cut off, leaving only petioles 2-3 cm long above the ground, which will protect the bud located in the center of the outlet. It is this bud that will give a peduncle next year.
Characteristics of the variety
Like any agricultural crop, Eliane has a number of positive characteristics and some disadvantages.
Advantages:
- self-pollinated. This makes it possible for the plant to not depend on pollinating insects, allows you to grow strawberries in closed spaces (on a balcony, in a greenhouse);
- tolerates cold well. For example, it winters well in the Moscow region and Karelia, especially with good shelter. But it should be noted that after very harsh winters, it can restore vegetative mass and productivity for a long time;
- has immunity to various rot, mold and fungal diseases;
- undemanding to the quality and composition of the soil;
- does not need frequent replanting - in one place it can bear fruit for 8-10 years without losing yield.
Disadvantages:
- does not tolerate extreme heat. At high temperatures and lack of water, the berries gain little weight, they can dry out. The plant in such conditions forms a mustache poorly;
- with high humidity and rainy weather, the berries lose their sweet taste, excess acid appears.
Eliane fully justifies the expectation of a large harvest
Bather, a description of the culture
The bathing suit plant (Siberian rose, trollius, kupavka) is a flower shrouded in legends. Its name comes from the German trollblume, which translates as "troll flower". Scandinavian beliefs say that these amazingly beautiful flowers were the favorites of forest dwellers - fairy trolls.
According to one legend, the Russian name for the flower appeared due to the love of the bather for wet growing areas. And if you believe the more ancient Slavic legend, the flower owes its name to the patroness of reservoirs - the goddess Agrafena the bathing suit.
The bather is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the Buttercup family. The growing area of its subspecies is vast. The bather can be found throughout the northern hemisphere. It grows in forests, mountain slopes, meadows, along rivers in Europe, Asia and America. In some countries, the swimsuit is already listed in the Red Book.
In the natural environment of growth, the bathing suit has about twenty varieties, but only a few garden forms are grown in culture. The European swimsuit has become very common. For a complete understanding of the features of this culture, consider what are the features of the external structure of the European swimsuit:
The swimsuit owes its showiness to flowers. They are moderately large (up to 8 cm in diameter), bright yellow or juicy orange. As with other members of the Buttercup family, the intensity of the color is concentrated on the sepals, not the petals.
The rim of the swimsuit is formed from 5-20 petal sepals. They overlap each other strongly, arranged in a spiral. After flowering, the sepals fall off.
The shape of the flower is spherical, it can be half-open or completely open. Inside the bud are thin linear petals that have been transformed into nectaries.
The fruit of the swimsuit is a spherical compound fruit, consisting of leaflets tightly overlapping each other. The seeds are very small, their color is black, the surface is glossy.
Leotards of the swimsuit are palmate, herbal color. Leaves come from the root zone
On a flower shoot, foliage is placed only in the upper part, which turns into a flower.
During the flowering period, the bather spreads a light, subtle scent of freshness.
An important feature of the swimsuit is its toxicity.Its juice can cause burns on the skin and mucous membranes, so all planting work must be carried out with gloves.
Description
Dahlia Figaro is a low growing plant grown with seeds. According to scientists, a rather long flowering period is considered one of the most important features of the plant. In addition, the dahlia blooms quite intensely, which cannot but please both the grower himself and his household, as well as neighbors and guests.
You can find and purchase Figaro dahlias, which will bloom completely white or rich yellow flowers. In addition, the colors may not be monochromatic - there are species that combine several tones (for example, white and purple or white and yellow).
Very often dahlias "Figaro" are used by landscape designers, because these flowers can be planted on curbs or create flower beds with the help of them. Moreover, the plants look great both as single and in the form of group plantings. As for the size and dimensions of the plant, according to the observations of experienced gardeners, as well as the data of botanists, a flower can reach 35 centimeters in height, as for the diameter of the flowers themselves, it is quite large, but does not exceed 10 centimeters.
"Figaro" is quite unpretentious in terms of care, so they can be bred even in not the most favorable conditions, and also used by beginner gardeners and amateurs. The flowering period of the plant is from June to September. Another significant plus of the plant is its small size. Thus, dahlia can be used even in a limited area of the front garden or vegetable garden. This type of flower includes a large number of varieties that differ not only in external characteristics, but also in internal characteristics.
Varieties
Let's consider in more detail and in detail the most popular varieties of dahlia "Figaro".
Figaro Red Shades
Such dahlias will become a real "star" of your site, because it blooms with large, lush and double bright red flowers. Moreover, this color is heterogeneous and has a slight gradient - the middle of the flower is painted in more saturated tones, and towards the edges the color becomes softer and lighter.
Figaro yellow
This variety is considered one of the most unpretentious in the line of dahlia "Figaro". The color of the flowers varies within different shades of yellow: from light to rich lemon. If you follow all the recommendations for the care and maintenance of the bush, then the plant will bloom all summer.
"Figaro Violet"
Like other plant species, this flower gets its name from its bright and unusual colors. So, such a bush will immediately attract your gaze, because its flowers have a pronounced purple color with a slight crimson tint. In terms of volume, the flowers are quite lush and large in size.
It is important to note that when planting and breeding this variety, it should be borne in mind that it is photophilous, so it should be planted in sunny areas of your garden. If we talk about the composition and structure of the soil, then it must necessarily have a sufficient degree of looseness, and also have a large amount of nutrients in its composition.
Figaro Orange
Dahlia inflorescences of this variety have a pronounced orange color. Up to 15 lush flowers can be observed on one bush at a time. The flowering period, like the rest of the varieties described above, falls on the warm summer season. The shrub is an annual.
The history of cultivation and description of the Eliane strawberry variety
Eliane strawberry variety was developed in Holland in the late 90s. The originator is Albert Konnings. The variety is excellent for cultivation in continental climates. Recommended for small private farms, although in Europe it is often produced on an industrial scale.
It has a powerful, strong bush with high peduncles, which are located at the level of the leaves or higher.Eliane is an early variety: you can start picking berries already at the end of May. With proper care, it gives a large yield - up to 2 kg from each bush. Continues to bear fruit until the end of July. As they ripen, the berries do not get smaller. The variety is large-fruited - the weight of berries can reach 90 g. Fruits have a conical elongated shape, dense but tender pulp, bright red shiny color, easily detach from the peduncle, have a pleasant strawberry aroma and excellent taste.
Eliane strawberries combine dessert sweetness and slight sourness
