Violet "magic tulip": a description of the variety and tips for care

Violets: care and cultivation at home

If you properly care for your home violet, it will bloom all year round. To do this, you need to know only a few points: how to choose a soil (substrate) for a violet, how to plant, water and cut a flower, how to fertilize violets for lush flowering and how to transplant a plant if necessary. If you follow the simple rules of care, the indoor violet will delight you with its bright colors for a long time.

Content temperature

The optimum temperature of the content should be in the range of 20-24 ° C. In order for violets to bloom and feel comfortable, they need to be protected from drafts, scorching sunlight and sudden temperature changes. To do this, the flower must be exposed to the east or west windows.

Soil for violets

It should be remembered that the violet flower does not like large pots: for an adult plant, there is enough capacity with a diameter of no more than 13 cm.The soil for keeping a home violet needs light and loose to provide the root system with air, and, at the same time, it should be good retain moisture. As a substrate, you should use soil for indoor violets, purchased in specialized stores, or you can prepare it yourself. The composition of the soil should be as follows: peat, coniferous, sod and leafy land in a ratio of 1: 1: 2: 3, diluted with river sand.

Beautiful pink uzambara violet Yan Zabava (Ian Zabava)

How to water indoor violets?

Watering violets must be approached responsibly. Not everyone knows how to properly and how often should be watered indoor violets. It is imperative to observe the golden mean, avoiding excessive drying out of the substrate, but also not overmoistening the soil. Deviations in one direction or another adversely affect the health of the plant. Watering violets can be carried out with warm, well-settled tap water, making sure that the liquid does not fall on the surface of the leaf plates. Better to water through the pallet.

Saintpaulias love high humidity, but it is impossible to spray with a spray bottle, since water that gets on the leaves can cause burns. To maintain the desired moisture level, you can put the plant pot in a tray with wet rubble or pebbles.

With the onset of the winter months, the duration of daylight hours decreases, so home violets need additional artificial lighting for up to 13 hours. It can be equipped with up to 40 W fluorescent lamps. In order not to overcool the root system, watering violets in winter should be slightly limited and the pot should be placed on a foam or wooden stand with a thickness of at least 30 mm.

Fertilizers for violets at home. How to fertilize Saintpaulia violets?

Many people wonder how to feed violets for abundant flowering at home, because some violets give numerous foliage, but do not bloom. To provide Saintpaulia with the necessary vitamins and microelements, you need to feed it with complex mineral fertilizers once every 2 weeks. The concentration of the solution should not exceed 2 grams of fertilizer per 1 liter of water. To prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases, it is recommended to treat the soil of home violets with a solution of pale pink potassium permanganate.

Transplanting violets at home. How to transplant a violet?

As the flower grows, it must be transplanted into a large container. It was experimentally found that the optimal size of a violet pot should not exceed a third of the size of the rosette.If your home violet grows slowly and poorly, it means that it needs to be transplanted. Since the root system of the plant is poorly developed, it is not necessary to free the roots from the old clod of earth, so as not to destroy them. The flower is transferred into a new container and the substrate is simply added. After transplanting, it must be watered.

How to prune home violets?

Cutting violet leaves is not only possible, but also necessary. This is done in the following cases:

• when the old lower leaves die off. As a result, a small bundle of leaves is formed, growing on a low stem;
• to rejuvenate a home violet, the top is cut off from it and, after processing the cut site with drugs that stimulate root formation, it is rooted in a fresh substrate. After a while, babies sprout on the remaining hemp, which are used to propagate the violet;
• for lush flowering. The leaves are pruned to make the violets bloom.

Possible problems in growing mini violets

Florists can face some difficulties and problems. The appearance of the plant signals the presence of problems: deformation of the leaves, a change in their color, the falling of leaves and buds. The fact that the plant was chosen by parasites is evidenced by the appearance of flying insects.

Diseases

The main diseases of small varieties are:

Decay of roots. This problem occurs with excessive watering and a relatively low air temperature in the room. If it is found, the affected roots must be cut off by processing the cuts with crushed charcoal. Change the soil, optimize the growing conditions.

Burns on the leaves (yellow spots on the leaves). This problem appears as a result of direct sunlight on the plant. Damaged leaves must be cut off. For violets, choose a new place, protected from the scorching sun.

Pests

Common pests of tiny varieties are thrips, slugs, aphids. Signs of pests include honey-like plaque on the leaves, sticky discharge on the leaves and stem. To combat parasites, the leaves of the plant must be washed with soapy water and sprayed with infusion of garlic or diluted tincture of calendula.

Sick violet

Other problems

Due to the fact that in plants the lower rows of leaves are close to the ground, there is a high probability of their decay. In addition, due to care errors, they may not bloom. So, Saintpaulia will not bloom if you do not artificially stop the dormant period, stimulating active flowering.

Thus, mini violets are popular among flower growers. Many are attracted by the variety of varieties, the opportunity to acquire a mini-flower garden on the windowsill. In addition, despite some features of care, in general, the plants are unpretentious, have good immunity and develop quickly.

Mini garden

Care features

Varieties of green violets are considered more demanding in terms of keeping conditions than others. This is due to the fact that the features of their color are directly related to the temperature regime, lighting conditions and the regularity of watering.

Basically, violets with green flowers are considered not very demanding plants, the main thing is to follow the basic recommendations for caring for them.

However, among these saintpaulias, green violets can be distinguished, in the cultivation of which there may be difficulties:

• LE-Green Rose;
• RS-Green Lagoon;
• Green dragon;
• RS-Green Corals.

Watering

The watering regime is no different from the norms recommended for other varieties of Saintpaulias.

It is important to water the plants with boiled water at room temperature.

Overflow or, on the contrary, drying out of the soil should not be allowed. Waterlogging of the soil can lead to the development of fungal diseases of the plant root system.

Violets can neither be poured nor dried.

Also, it is recommended to irrigate under the root of the bush, without leaving a drop of water on the surface of the leaves, or to use the wick irrigation method.

Air humidity

The increased humidity of the air will promote regular flowering. You can create it by placing a flower pot on a pallet of expanded clay filled with water.

Lighting

Most green violets require intense lighting due to their deep, dark green foliage.

Those varieties that have a lighter leafy part are able to grow in more shaded conditions.

The most comfortable place for the location of green violets is considered to be the east or west window.

Advice! For uniform formation of the rosette, you need to periodically turn the pot with the plant.

Optimum temperature

The most important criterion influencing the appearance and saturation of the green color in Saintpaulia flowers is the temperature regime.

For the development of a green hue, a violet must create conditions of a comfortable temperature - no higher than 20 degrees. With its increase, the green color becomes less noticeable, and subsequently disappears completely.

Top dressing

Most green violets have wavy foliage, which is a sign of slow growth of the plant. Therefore, nitrogenous fertilizing should be regular and balanced. Also, it is recommended to ensure that the soil acidity level is close to neutral.

Caring for mini violets at home

Minisorts are easier to care for than standard varieties. They are less likely to get sick, it is convenient to reproduce them by cuttings. However, certain subtleties of care need to be known in order not to destroy the plant.

Temperature

Miniature violets are more demanding on temperature conditions. The optimum temperature for them is 21-24 ° C. Delicate leaves should be protected from direct sunlight. Babies feel good in partial shade. Diffused lighting is ideal for them: through a thin curtain fabric or a mosquito net.

Lighting

Daylight hours for crumbs should be at least 12 hours. If there is a shortage of natural light, they are placed on racks under the lamps.

Watering

Due to the small size of the pot, miniature Saintpaulias have to be watered more often, guided by the drying out of the top layer of the earth. In summer, plants need more frequent watering. The portion of water should be small. The best measure for watering is a medical syringe.

Saintpaulias mini is watered with settled or filtered water at room temperature. It is necessary to pour water into the pot until it begins to flow through the drainage holes onto the pan. After half an hour, the water must be drained from the pallet.

When watering, a stream of water is directed to the edge of the pot so that it does not fall on the bottom row of leaves.

Attention! Mini varieties are easier to tolerate temporary drought than excessive watering. If the top layer of soil does not dry out, there is a high probability of rotting of the roots and the lower layer of leaves.

In addition, to maintain moisture, Thumbelina can be watered through a sump, using charcoal and sphagnum as drainage. The use of wick irrigation is possible.

Watering option

Spraying

Plants are sprayed against pests and for the prevention of diseases with the pesticide "Confidor". The procedure is performed outdoors on a cloudy day, when its temperature is above + 15 ° C. Only when the leaves are completely dry, the pot is brought into the room.

Closer to autumn, you can spray violets with "Aktellik" or "Fitoverm" for prevention. This spraying is done twice at weekly intervals.

In order for the babies to develop faster and bloom better, they are sprayed with "Epin" once a month. For the procedure, 1 ml of the product is diluted in a small amount of water, mixed thoroughly, then poured into 5 liters of water. All leaves should be evenly moistened with the solution.

Important! The prepared Epin solution cannot be stored. If Thumbelina had stress in the form of drought or hypothermia, it is recommended to treat them with a 2% solution of succinic acid

To prepare a solution, 1 g of acid is diluted in 2 tablespoons of warm water, then poured into 2 liters of water. Prepared solution of succinic acid can be used for 3 days

If Thumbelina had stress in the form of drought or hypothermia, it is recommended to treat them with a 2% solution of succinic acid. To prepare a solution, 1 g of acid is diluted in 2 tablespoons of warm water, then poured into 2 liters of water. The prepared succinic acid solution can be used within 3 days.

Attention! Preventive spraying is carried out only when the mini is not blooming. If the flower has unblown buds, it cannot be sprayed.

Humidity

For good health, babies need 50-70% humidity. Central heating systems in apartments are very dry air. Therefore, to create suitable conditions, micro varieties are placed in aquariums or placed on a pallet with wet expanded clay, damp sand. You can also humidify the air by placing an open container of water on the windowsill next to the violets.

Priming

Since small pots are taken for violets, the soil in them quickly deteriorates: the earth cakes, its acidity changes, the nutrients in it run out. To avoid problems with the development of babies, they are transplanted 2 times a year, changing not only the soil mixture, but also the pot itself.

Microsorts do not need leavening agents in the soil. A good soil for them is one in which there is a sufficient amount of peat, and there is sand. Expanded clay or sphagnum is used as drainage.

Top dressing

Provided that plants are transplanted 2 times a year, micro violets do not need fertilization. If, according to the state of the plant, it is clear that it needs mineral or organic feeding, then for the minispecies they take the same fertilizers as for standard violets, but the concentration of the solution must be made 2 times lower.

The optimal feeding will be complex factory fertilizers with potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus.

Plant care at home

Conditions of detention

Proper watering and feeding

Watering is the most important event. Improper, irregular, or over-watering will kill the plant.

IMPORTANT! Watering is carried out carefully, trying to avoid moisture getting on the leaves, and most importantly, the growing point of the violet.

Water, which is watered with violets, must be previously settled for at least two days. The water temperature is room temperature or slightly higher (by 1-2 degrees)

For violets, two types of watering are used:

1. Watering from above. Experienced violet lovers use a medical pear with a volume of 20-50 ml with a long nose. The syringe allows you to water the plants in a metered and controlled manner.

Pros:

• We control the volume of liquid;
• Water passes through the entire volume of the pot, flushing out decay products and reducing the risk of alkalization, decay;
• When watering with a syringe, the soil is not washed out.

Minuses:

• You may not completely wet the earthen lump;
• With abundant watering, useful substances are washed out of the substrate.

1. Watering by immersion. With this method of watering, the pots with violets are immersed in a container of water about 1/3 of the height.

Pros:

• Water moves from bottom to top, nutrients are not washed out;
• The soil is not washed out;
• High-quality soil moisture.

Minuses:

• The volume of liquid entering the pot is not controlled;
• There is a risk of alkalization of the soil;

Advice! To eliminate risks and bring the greatest benefit to violets, watering methods should be alternated.

The fact that the plant needs to be watered is indicated by the dry surface of the substrate. Excessive or frequent watering can provoke rotting of the root system and acidification of the soil. How often to water and how much water depends on:

• Soil composition;
• Pot volume;
• Air humidity;
• The size and age of the plant and other factors.

Lighting and air temperature

In the hot season, diffused light is preferable for violets, this happens on the east and west windows. In winter, plants need bright sunlight from southern windows.

The optimum temperature for growth and development is considered to be 20 ± 3 C. Temperatures below 13C and above 30C will cause the death of plants.

Influence of air humidity

Try to provide air with humidity in the range of 60-70% to Saintpaulia. In winter, such indicators can be maintained artificially, while keeping the pots away from radiators.

Ground requirements

1. Nutritious;
2. Loose, breathable;
3. With a slightly acidic reaction;
4. Not prone to compaction.

The approximate composition of the soil mixture for violets:

Soil for violets can be prepared by hand.

• Vermiculite or Perlite - 30%;
• Sphagnum (coconut fiber) - 30%;
• Sod (coniferous, deciduous) land - 30%;
• Nutrient soil - 10%.

Pruning and hygiene

An important part of care is the formation of a rosette of leaves. Usually, to enhance decorativeness and for hygienic purposes, the three upper tiers of leaves are left, the rest are removed

In addition, they cut off:

• Leaves with damage and yellowness;
• Empty peduncles;
• Extra buds.

Dusty Saintpaulias need a hygienic shower. A low pressure of warm water will not harm the plants, but it will wash away the dust and refresh the paint. After bathing, leave the flowers to dry in a dark place, otherwise sunlight will burn the wet leaves.

Reproduction methods

Saintpaulias of the varieties NiL-Evdokia and RM Evdokia, reproduce:

• Children raised on a mother plant;
• Leafy cuttings;
• Peduncle cuttings.

Transplant rules, rejuvenation

An adult Saintpaulia is transplanted as follows:

1. Loosen the lump of the substrate with a sharp object;
2. Remove the lump, trying to free the roots from the old substrate as much as possible;
3. For an old plant, cut off the lower third of the roots with a sharp knife;

4. Plant the violet in new soil.

Important! Choose a new violet pot with a diameter of no more than 9 centimeters.

Saintpaulias rejuvenate in 2-3 years. With a sharp knife, cut off the upper part of the plant, leaving three rows of leaves and a part of the stem 5 mm long. The stem is lowered into the water, when new roots appear, they are planted in the ground.