Tree peonies (64 photos): growing and care, planting in open ground. How is it different from a herbaceous peony? Varieties with the names "Red Giant" and "Kinko"

What is the difference between Chinese and Japanese tree peonies

Chinese peonies reproduce by division and layering. As a rule, they are rooted, but sometimes they are grafted onto the roots of tree-like peonies.
These varieties can grow up to 2m in height, as the catalogs promise. They are considered unpretentious. They have huge double flowers with a pleasant smell.
It should take at least three years for the "Chinese" to show their best qualities.

Japanese peonies are propagated by grafting on the tubers of the milk-flowered peony. Such a seedling will bloom in the first year after purchase. But how he will behave further depends on how much this variety is capable of rooting.
There are varieties that immediately grow their roots, so the following seasons bloom weakly. And there are those that develop on herbaceous roots, but do not want to grow their own roots.

Saplings from Japan are easily recognizable by their thick black rhizome resembling a tuber. The flowers of these peonies are of different colors and terry, up to scarlet and maroon, which are rare among the "Chinese".

Description and varieties of peonies

A tree-like peony plant, which is still not very well known among flower growers, can become a true decoration of a garden plot, planting and caring for which is characterized by some distinctive features. Treelike peony is a deciduous shrub that grows up to 3 meters in height in a warm climatic zone. In a harsh climate, for example, in the Moscow region, the height of the plant is determined by 1.5-2 meters.

Arboreal peony is a type of mixed cultivar of the genus Peony. An adult plant, as it grows, develops a ball-shaped bush with powerful, erect stems that do not die off in winter.

The tree-like peony blooms in double, semi-double, spherical and simple flowers of various colors. Flowering lasts about 2 weeks. The bush forms up to 20-25 flowers with a diameter of up to 20 centimeters at a time. The tree-like peony retains decorativeness throughout the growing season, thanks to the lush foliage of green (before and during flowering) and dark purple after its end.

Types and varieties

Various varieties of such plants are based on a number of species that are natural, for example: yellow, Potanin, Lemoine and Delaway, which are directly related to the group of semi-shrub peonies. Most of the registered varieties of such plants grow in China. These varieties are divided into three groups:

Sino-European. The flowers are very large and double. They weigh a lot and due to this they are drooping. Pigmented flowers can be in various colors from fuchsia to light pink.
Japanese. The flowers are not very large and light. They seem to hang over a bush.
Hybrid varieties. Made from Delaway peony and yellow peony - the most popular varieties with lemon-colored flowers.

The most popular varieties:

The Qiao sisters. The pink inflorescences are pigmented in 2 colors, so, one half of it is dark red, and the other is creamy white. The flower is 16 centimeters in diameter.
Sapphire. The diameter of light pink flowers, which have a dark crimson center, is 18 centimeters. About 50 flowers can bloom on a bush at the same time.
Coral altar. Crown flowers are pigmented in two colors: white and salmon at the same time. In diameter, they reach no more than 20 centimeters.
Green Jade. The shape of the flowers is extremely effective and inimitable. It is a pale green bud.

Sapling selection

In order for the plant to be healthy and bring a large number of beautiful flowers, you need to choose the right seedlings and the time for planting. Peony planting material is different: with an open root system or closed.

If the seedling is sealed in a nice box, a plastic bag, and the roots are bare or in the substrate, this is an open root system. When closed, the peony is placed in a pot, grows there, sometimes it already has buds. Another significant point is whether the seedling has a graft or is it self-rooted. In a grafted plant, the roots are darker and thicker, reach 5 centimeters in diameter, outwardly resemble a carrot.

Flowering can come as early as the first year after transplanting. It is advisable to buy grafted tree peony seedlings in nurseries, where they were looked after by highly qualified workers. A self-rooted seedling, obtained by propagation by layering, has several thin, light roots. The first flowers will be seen not earlier than four years later, because the growth takes a long time.

Layers are obtained in this way: a healthy branch of a bush with buds is tilted and sprinkled with earth. Roots sprout in places of budding. Later, the branch is cut and divided into several seedlings with roots.

When purchasing, pay close attention so that the roots are not exposed. The height of the shoot should be 20-25 centimeters and the presence of live buds - at least 5 pieces

Milky peony Top Brass

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Peony Top Brass.

Milk-flowered peony Top Brass is a perennial plant. The flower is bomb-shaped. The flower is three-colored, the lower petals are light pink, in the center of the flower is a ball of pink petals, framed by bright yellow ones. Weak smell

Beautifully peony lactic-flowered Top Brass (Top Brass) looks even after flowering, attention is attracted by a compact bush with carved foliage. If you choose the right varieties (with different flowering periods), then you can admire the gorgeous flowers for a long time.

Planted in a sunny place in well-fertilized, well-drained soil. Peony is drought and frost resistant. Propagated by dividing rhizomes, which is best done in autumn, in August - September. Serves as Top Brass (Top Brass) for decorating flower beds, borders, both in single and in group plantings. Used to create bouquets.

Planting a peony: Made in a pre-prepared pit. For this, the garden soil must be selected to a depth of 1-2 shovel bayonets. The pit needs to be filled with a fertile soil mixture: peat, humus, turf soil and sand are mixed in equal parts.

Caring for peonies: Caring for peonies is reduced to regular watering, loosening the soil under the bushes and timely feeding.

Soil for planting: Peonies develop better on cultivated structural loamy soils with good water and air permeability with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil solution (pH 5.5–6.5). Therefore, on heavy soils, coarse sand is added simultaneously with the introduction of a large amount of organic fertilizers. On sandy loam soils, clay must be added. The soil for peonies should be fertile, pre-well filled with organic and mineral fertilizers.

Preparation for winter: The pruned bush of the peony of the lactic-flowered Top Brass (Top Brass) must be covered with earth, and mulched on top and around the bush. High moor peat is usually used as mulch; you can put a little humus under it. Some use straw and spruce branches.

In the spring, it is very important to remove the mulch on time so that the roots do not get blocked, but leave a small layer that will immediately feed the awakening plant. It is advisable to shovel the first snow that has fallen nearby and put it on peonies.

Planting Site: The Top Brass lacto-flowered peony requires an abundance of sunlight. Peonies can still endure a slight partial shade, but if a thick shadow from an apple tree or the wall of the house falls on the flower bed for more than an hour every day, the flowering will become defective, and the plants will become stunted.

Propagation of a peony by dividing a bush: Propagation of a tree peony by layering allows you to quickly get young plants corresponding to the variety. A mature and strong shoot with several buds is selected for layering. Rooting is carried out in wet moss, sand or soil, sometimes it is useful to use a greenhouse.

Quality assurance For the entire range

Diseases, pests and ways to control them

Improper care, prolonged rains, sudden temperature changes, insects harm the plant. In the absence of prophylaxis, it becomes ill.

The table provides a description of the most common diseases and pests

Name	Cause	Signs	Ways to fight
Rust	High humidity + heat, rust fungus spores	Small brown, reddish spots with a brown border	Pruning and burning diseased shoots. Deep digging of soil. Spraying the plant with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid and fungicides. Top dressing with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
Gray rot	High humidity + low temperature, insect-borne	Brown spots at the base of the shoots, on leaves, buds, flowers of irregular shape and open to one side. The disease enters the root	Timely watering and weeding. Good drainage and ventilation. Standardized fertilizing with fertilizers. Fungicide treatment: Bordeaux liquid, copper sulfate, nitrophene.
Root rot	Frequent watering and waterlogging of the soil, high acidity of the soil	The roots turn brown, become soft. A gray or pinkish coating appears.	Compliance with the rules of care and watering. Drainage. Root treatment with fungicides. Adding lime.
Ring mosaic	Insect infestation, inventory	Leaves are covered with light green stripes, spots	Sick shoots are cut and destroyed. They are treated with antiviral drugs. Complete destruction of the peony.
Aphid		It settles on the buds in large numbers	Treatment with soapy water, insecticides.
Gall nematodes		They spoil the roots, forming knots on them. The plant withers and dies completely.	The plant is burned. The soil is treated with formalin, dug up.
Ants		They eat petals, leaves of buds.	Repellent treatment.

Grown with care and love, the tree peony is the adornment of any home garden for many years. It can be combined with any ornamental plants and evergreen shrubs.

Diseases and pests of peony

This is a great solution for landscaping.

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Yellow treelike peony varieties

It was possible to obtain varieties of tree peony with yellow, orange, pinkish-peach flowers thanks to interspecific crossing.

Kinko, or Jin Huang as it is called in China, is a popular yellow tree peony. From a photo of a peony, it is easy to appreciate the charm and freshness of the flowers.

The European name of the plant, Alice Harding, received the peony in 1935 from its creator Victor Lemoine from France. Flowers of a lemon-yellow tone were obtained by crossing the natural yellow tree peony P. lutea shown in the photo and the Yaso-okina variety from Japan.

Late flowering, lemon-sweet aroma and compact size are characteristic of the Lemoine group. At 10 years old, the height of the bush does not exceed 100 cm.

Peony Green Ball (Lu Mu Ying Yu)

Skillfully using the natural features of the plant, Chinese breeders have created a variety, the flowers of which are first painted in light green tones, and then suddenly turn pinkish-green.

This is the tree-like peony Green ball depicted in the photo with dense double flowers, which provided the plant with an unusual name and memorable appearance.In Chinese catalogs, the variety is called Lu Mu Ying Yu, Green Jade, or Green Jade. A bush with a height of 150 to 180 cm in June, during flowering is clearly visible from any corner of the garden.

Tree peony Chan Liu (Spring willow)

A rare but highly demanded variety of Chun Liu or Spring Willow. A plant no less spectacular than the Green Ball tree peony. Differs in dense buds with light green or yellowish petals. Closer to the base, they are decorated with crimson specks.

Tree peony sunrise

The tree-like peony Sunrise shown in the photo was created thanks to the efforts of David Reath in the United States. The hybrid plant, obtained from Peony Lutea, annually pleases owners with yellow-pink semi-double flowers with gracefully twisted petals and a crown of yellow stamens at the core.

Kinkaku tree peony

Among the most popular varieties, the Kinko tree peony occupies one of the most honorable places. The plant, presented in foreign catalogs as the Kinkaku peony, stands out with orange-yellow double flowers. The light yellow background color of the petals refreshes the soft, like watercolor carmine border, creating a blush effect. The peculiarity of the variety is heavy flowers, hanging a little on thin stems and massively opening in early June.

5 Seedling selection and planting time

Saplings of this culture are available with open or closed root systems. For planting a plant with a closed root system, both spring and autumn are suitable, because during the process the roots practically do not feel any changes. If you plant a grafted seedling with a closed root system in early spring, the first buds can be seen in the same summer.

Plants with an open root system are planted only in autumn - in August-September. If you do this in early spring, with the onset of warmth, the flower will begin to actively increase the green mass to the detriment of the roots. As a result, the bush will ache and wither for a long time.

Specialized shops usually take orders at the end of the summer so that the owners of the seedlings can plant them at a favorable time. If a peony with an open root system is purchased in late autumn or winter, it is necessary to carry out the so-called intermediate planting:

prepare a container with drainage holes with a volume of at least 5 liters;
put river pebbles or expanded clay on the layer of the container and plant the seedling in a pot;
put a flower pot in a cellar, on a loggia or other suitable room, where the air temperature will not drop below 0 ° C;
water sparsely and sparingly, preventing the soil from completely drying out in the container;
if the seedling still grows to 15-20 cm, rearrange it in a bright, cool place without increasing the watering rate.

A warm climate will not work, since the main task is not to allow the plant to start growing until spring. During this time, the root system of the seedling will grow small suction roots, which are needed for normal nutrition and growth. With the onset of spring, the flower pot should be taken out into the garden and identified in a shady, draft-free place. In late August or early September, a strengthened bush can be safely planted in open ground in a permanent place.

Planting a tree peony

To plant a tree-like peony in open ground, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting its comfortable development: illumination, wind rose, soil composition, depth of groundwater, etc.

Choosing a landing site

Before you start planting, you need to choose the best place for it.

First of all, you should pay attention to its illumination, tk. peony loves the morning and evening sun

There should be a little shading during the day so that the midday heat does not shorten the flowering time. Therefore, it is preferable to plant the peony on the east side (this way the plant will receive more morning sun) and away from trees and shrubs so that they do not shade it.

The second factor that must be taken into account when choosing a place is wind and drafts, due to which the laying of flower buds worsens in a peony.Damp flooded places are also not suitable for it, therefore it is necessary to provide water drainage and drainage, and the plant itself should be placed on high ridges.

As for the soil, tree peonies prefer loamy soil with high air and moisture permeability. Heavy soils should be "diluted" with sand and humus, avoiding fresh manure. Sandy loam soils can be improved by adding clay and compost. Also, a soil with an alkaline reaction is better for a plant than an acidic one. The optimum acidity level is pH 6.1-6.8.

Sapling selection

Tree peonies are self-rooted and grafted

To distinguish between them, you should pay attention to the roots of the seedling. Own-rooted - many thin long roots 6-9 mm thick, grafted rhizome from a herbaceous peony of greater thickness (3-5 cm) and darker

Grafted peonies do not tolerate transplanting well, so they must be immediately planted in a permanent place. They grow faster and begin to bloom earlier, but their life expectancy is shorter.

Own-rooted peonies are resistant to frost and disease, live from several tens to hundreds of years. They bloom later than the grafted ones (4-6 years after planting) and for the first five years they grow more slowly, but then bloom profusely for 25-30 years.

Before planting, you need to inspect the rhizome of the seedling for traces of disease or pests. There should be no damage to the wood. If the plant is in a container, then there should be no mold on the soil, otherwise the rhizome will also be infected.

Rules for planting a tree peony

Before planting, seedlings with an open root system need special preparation. It is necessary to untangle their roots and soak for half an hour in any rooting stimulant, for example, Heteroauxin, Kornevin, etc.

A planting hole for a plant with a depth of 60-70 cm is prepared at least two weeks before planting, so that the soil has time to settle. A third of the pit volume must be diverted for drainage (crushed stone, fine gravel, expanded clay, etc.).

Rotted manure is laid on top of the drainage. The soil mixture consists of equal parts of the top layer of earth, peat and humus. Also add 30-40 g of superphosphate and 15-20 g of potassium sulfate there. River sand is poured into clay soil, and clay is poured into sandy soil. The acidic soil is neutralized by adding 200-300 g of lime.

The root collar and renewal buds are located in the soil 3-5 cm below the ground level. The grafted peonies are planted so that the grafting site is 9-14 cm below the surface of the earth. For seedlings with a closed root system, planting is carried out together with an earthen clod.

Peonies in a pit are planted on a cone, spreading the roots for maximum contact with the ground. The root collar should not touch humus in order to avoid fungal diseases. All voids are densely filled with earth. Then the plant is abundantly watered (half a bucket per bush) and mulched with humus or compost.

When planting several plants, the distance between them should be at least 1.5 m.