Wisteria care, potted and open field cultivation

Reproduction methods

Gardenia propagates by cuttings and seeds. The first option is simpler and makes it faster to understand how to grow a new healthy plant at home. The optimal time to start the breeding process is late winter, early spring.

If the time of active vegetation is missed, then you can take the shoot later. The deadline is July, before flowering begins. When growing a gardenia from seed, the main difficulty is acquiring quality seed material.

Good germination is ensured only by fresh seeds.

When purchasing them in a store, you should pay attention to the date of manufacture. Seed planting time - early spring

Vegetative

Cuttings are taken, the top of which is still green, and the lower part is lignified. They are called semi-lignified. The shoot is selected at the top of the plant. Young shoots about 10 cm long are preferable.

Use a sharp knife for trimming to ensure a smooth cut. Experienced flower growers have a little secret; for better rooting, they leave a "heel" - a piece of old bark. Most of the leaves are removed from the cutting, 2-3 pieces remain in the upper part. These leaves will give rise to new growth buds.

Important. The stalk is taken only from a healthy plant, it cannot be used to propagate a part of the gardenia that has undergone stress .. Before planting in the ground with a stalk, one of the procedures is carried out:

Before planting in the ground with a handle, one of the procedures is carried out:

1. dipped for a few seconds into a phytohormone solution;
2. stand for 2 hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
3. immersed for 5-6 hours in a diluted epin - a growth regulator, a stimulator of the plant's immune system, concentration: 0.15 cubic meters. cm per 250 ml of water.

The shank for rooting is placed in a special substrate of peat and sand 1: 1 or in water with a weak solution of a root stimulant. The fluid should be changed every 3 days. Before immersion in the ground, the tip of the cutting is dipped in Kornevin (growth stimulator).

The shoot is inserted to a depth of 2 cm, the remaining leaves should not come into contact with the soil surface. Rooting requires 100% moisture and sufficient light. These conditions will be ensured by the creation of greenhouse conditions.

The seedling pot is covered with plastic wrap or a glass container. He is placed in a warm, well-lit place. The temperature should not drop below + 24 ° C. If necessary, use the bottom heating and humidification from the pallet.

Attention. Do not overheat by leaving the seedlings in the sun .. The process of putting down roots takes from one to two months

Not all cuttings take root, some of them dry out. The signal of successful reproduction will be soft green leaves that appear on the seedlings.

The rooting process takes one to two months. Not all cuttings take root, some of them dry out. The signal of successful reproduction will be soft-green leaves that have appeared on the seedlings.

Reproduction methods

Young shoots are obtained in different ways. Liana propagates by dividing the bush, by seeds or cuttings. The most effective methods of propagation are root grafting and rooting of air layers. In other cases, the result is not always predictable.

By dividing the bush

The procedure is carried out in early spring. For division, bushes are used no older than 5 years. Old plants do not tolerate transplanting well, so they may stop flowering. For reproduction, the bush is dug out, the roots are cleaned from the ground, and they are divided into 2-3 parts. Immediately plant the vines in the prepared pits.

Advantages of the method:

• maternal signs are completely preserved;
• a young plant blooms profusely after 1.5 years.

Seeds

Planting material is sown in a greenhouse in late November or early December. The seeds can be purchased at the store or harvested by yourself. The advantage of this method is the ability to fully control the growth process of the vine. When propagated by seeds, some of the seedlings will never bloom.

By cuttings

> The procedure is carried out in two ways. In the first, lignified cuttings are used. This method helps to obtain several copies of the plant at once. Cuttings are planted in the fall. Choose twigs at least 8 cm long and with 2 well-developed buds.

The second way is to use root cuttings. In summer or autumn, dig in an adult wisteria, cut off a third of the roots, add fertile soil. Repeat the manipulation in the spring. Treat young roots with an antifungal agent and plant in a flower bed with nutritious soil.

Pros of cuttings:

• many plants take root;
• young vines bloom profusely;
• the features of the species are preserved.

Minuses:

• procedures require accuracy;
• a nutritious substrate is needed for rooting cuttings;
• sometimes the plants have to be grown.

Pests and diseases

The wisteria flower rarely suffers from insects. The clover mite and green aphid are dangerous for the plant. If wisteria is exposed to chlorosis, it can be quickly cured by spraying the leaves with iron chelate. Occasionally, the flowers are affected by renal blast (black hairy mold), then diseased branches are cut and burned, and the plant is treated with insecticides against leafhoppers, the disease carrier.

Green aphid

The pest is fought with an insecticide solution. Vines are sprayed once a week until the parasites are completely eliminated. Infusion of tomato leaves, garlic spray and soapy water effectively deal with green aphids.

Signs of illness:

• white bloom on the leaves;
• shoots are bent;
• leaves and buds fall off;
• sticky honeydew appears.

Clover mite

The pest is destroyed with liquid chemicals. Many combination insecticides also help kill aphids. Spray the product early in the morning or late at night to prevent the vine from burning out in the sun.

Signs of a clover mite infestation:

• dark red eggs on the leaves;
• changing the color of the leaves to a bronze tint;
• dark streaks and stripes on the processes.

3. Varieties and types of cineraria:

3.1.Cineraria silvery, ashen or Jacobian sea-worm - Jacobaea maritima

Ornamental-leaved species native to the Mediterranean, this tall variety is a small perennial evergreen herb 15 - 45 cm high with openwork, deeply dissected silvery foliage. The leaf blades are covered with a very dense, fine matted pubescence of a silvery-gray color. In the open field, silvery cineraria is grown as an annual plant, but when grown at home, it is capable of producing buds in the second year, opening into bright yellow flowers with thin, oblong petals resembling dandelions. Often, flower stems are pinched so that the plant does not waste energy on flowering.

3.2. Cineraria hybrid or hybrid cineraria - Cineraria hybrida, Senecio hybrida

This species - a native of the Canary Islands, is a short, abundantly flowering, dwarf, herbaceous plant. During the flowering period, it is almost completely hidden under the large blue, pink, purple, red and white flowers, which are often used for cutting. The flowers of this variety resemble chamomile. This fast-growing perennial can grow up to 45 cm in height.

For abundant flowering, this plant requires a lot of sunlight.

The hybrid type is the common cineraria "Venice" - a beautifully flowering bush perennial that grows very quickly and during the flowering period is covered with large inflorescences of a variety of burgundy, purple, white, pink, blue, blue or red flowers. Often the flowers of this variety have white stripes inside the petals.These biennial plants remain compact and do not exceed 30 cm in height. The variety was bred specifically for growing at home.

3.3 Cineraria bloody - Cineraria cruenta

Bloody cineraria or bloody rosemary - such an unattractive name hides a charming perennial herb underneath. The leaves are round, green with reticulated veins, soft, covered with sparse hairs. The flowers are large, on high peduncles, burgundy, red, pink, purple, bicolor buds are often found, the petals of which have a white center. The flowering is very abundant.

3.4 Cineraria graceful - Senecio elegans

An annual herbaceous flowering plant from South Africa. The appearance of this plant is very variable - they can vary in height, size and color of flowers. Flowers, collected in small inflorescences on the tops of tall peduncles, range from white to crimson and lilac. The flowering period is very long, the center of the flowers is often yellow. The leaves are green, delicate, deeply cut.

You may also be interested in:

Alissum

Verbena

Ageratum

Purslane

Reproduction methods

The most productive option for obtaining a new plant is the method of growing a wild rose by the seedling method. In the open field, it is quite difficult to create suitable conditions for the growth of a new crop from seeds, so the seeds are germinated indoors. In general, the collected planting material of the groundwort stands out for its high germination rate.

This process requires a number of agrotechnical works.

• First you need to prepare containers and soil for sowing seeds. As a rule, loose and fertile garden soil or purchased substrate mixed with sand in equal proportions is used for these purposes.
• The soil is poured into containers or pots, tamped and moistened, and then the seeds are distributed over the surface. It is not necessary to deepen them into the ground - it will be enough to cover them on top with a layer of sand or damp paper.
• Further, the container with the planted seeds must be covered with glass or transparent film.

Further care will be to regularly moisten the seedlings by spraying a liquid. The air temperature in the room should be at the level of + 25 ° С. As a rule, the first shoots appear after a week and a half after planting. After the emergence of seedlings, the covering material is removed. Plants need to dive when two true leaves form on them. After transplantation, crops will need fertilization. In open ground, young cineraria can be rooted in May-June, provided that the seedlings have been grown since December.

Separate containers with garden soil and sand are prepared for cuttings, and a drainage layer must be present in the container. Before planting, the cuttings are kept in a growth stimulator for the root system, the planting material is rooted in the ground by one third. For further germination, plants will need to create a mini greenhouse. Caring for cuttings consists of regular watering. After the rooting of cineraria, the covering material is removed, the plants are kept cool until the arrival of spring.

You can plant young plants in the garden at a time when the air temperature will no longer be below + 16 ° C. Before transplanting, the groundwort must be gradually accustomed to the street, leaving the container for several hours in the fresh air for hardening.

Types and varieties of wisteria with photos and names

Chinese wisteria (Wisteria chinensis)

This densely leafy liana can reach a height of 15 to 20 meters. Large odd-pinnate leaf plates, while young on the surface, have pubescence, then with age they become smooth. The length of loose racemose inflorescences is about 30 centimeters. They consist of flowers of a pale lilac color. The fruit is a pod that can reach a length of 15 centimeters. This species has a garden form with double flowers (f. Plena) and white flowers (f. Alba).

Wisteria abundantly flowering, or multi-flowered (Wisteria floribunda)

This species is also popularly called "Japanese", because the homeland of such a plant is the Japanese islands. In height, such a liana can reach from 8 to 10 meters. Unlike the previous species, this leaf plate can reach 40 centimeters in length, while the number of leaves can reach 19. It has a larger number of inflorescences, and they are also much longer (they can reach 0.5 m in length). The flowers, in comparison with the previous species, have a smaller size, and they are painted in a bluish-purple color. They open gradually, while starting from the base of the inflorescence. This species is more cold-resistant than Chinese wisteria. There are garden forms with double flowers painted in pink, white or purple, and there is also a variegated form, in which the leaf plates have a variegated color.

In addition to these 2 species, gardeners cultivate beautiful wisteria (Wisteria venusta), shrubby wisteria (Wisteria frutescens) and large wisteria (Wisteria macrostachys). At the same time, large wisteria was used to create Blue Moon wisteria by American specialists (from Minnesota), this plant does not need to be covered for the winter.

A gardener's dream - delicious wisteria

Types and varieties

1. Chinese. Wisteria reaches up to 20 m in height.
2. Japanese (profusely flowering). The plant grows above 9 m, its flowers have a fragrant aroma.
3. Shrub (American). Wisteria grows very slowly. It reaches a height of 12 m.
4. Frost resistant. Fruits appear in late spring.
5. Silky (short-breasted). The climbing shrub reaches 8 m in height. The length of the inflorescences is up to 21 cm. This wisteria is often used to form dwarf trees (bonsai).
6. Short-toothed. The flowers are small, purple, about 1.5-2 cm.The length of the inflorescences is up to 18 cm.
7. Fluffy. Relatively small liana, it has thick stems with thick feathery leaves. Fragrant flowers, purple hue, up to 2.5 cm.
8. Beautiful. Differs in medium-sized white and purple flowers, grows up to 5 m. This is the most beautiful type of wisteria.
9. South. Large tree up to 20 m tall with a very dense crown. Brushes with blue, white, purple flowers reach 15-20 cm.

Chinese wisteria

It has dense large foliage, inflorescences up to 30 cm long. Chinese wisteria blooms almost all summer. In the open field, it grows in the south of Russia. The flowers have a pleasant sweetish aroma. During active growth, vines twist counterclockwise. Popular varieties: Amethyst, Blue Sapphire, Prolific, Texas White and Alba.

Japanese

Abundant wisteria (floribunda) is one of the most common types of vines. Its height is 8-10 m. The plant is distinguished by a large number of violet-blue inflorescences. Leaves - up to 40 cm long. Japanese wisteria blooms from mid-May to the second half of June. Varieties: Shiro Noda, Issai, Violacea Plena, Multijuga, Lawrence, Texas Purple.

American (bush) wisteria

Grows up to 8 m in height. The homeland of the plant is North America, on the territory of Russia it is found in Chisinau, Crimea. Wisteria grows green mass very quickly. Its leaves are small, but inflorescences with blue-purple and blue buds reach 30 cm in length. The plant tolerates frost well up to 20 ° C. It begins to bloom in June and ends in August. Varieties: Longwood Purple, Amethyst Falls, Nivea.

Wisteria macrostachia (winter hardy)

Easily tolerates temperatures down to -40 ° C. The height of the wisteria reaches 6-7 m. Its flowers are large, lavender-blue with a light sweet aroma. This species requires little or no pruning. With severe freezing, the vine is restored due to dormant buds and a powerful root system. Famous varieties - Blue Moon, Clara Mac, Aunt Dee.

Silky

A kind of Japanese wisteria, but its foliage is covered with fluffy hairs. Suitable for the southern regions of Russia.The height of the vine reaches 12 m. The flowers of the silky wisteria are small, with a sweetish aroma, collected in inflorescences no more than 15 cm long. It gains maximum height in 1-1.5 years after planting. Popular varieties: Alba Plena, Shiro Kapitan, Murasaki Kapitan.

Description and scope

The plant is known for its incredible spring bloom. It is especially often used for garden decoration. Beauty, grace, tenderness - all this is wisteria. The plant is not capricious, but photophilous. He loves warmth, but it is quite possible to grow it in the cold. The most unusual phenomenon is wisteria in Siberia.

Growing a flower under constant cold conditions in the open field is difficult. In order to admire wisteria during the summer in cold areas, it must be grown in pots and large tubs. In order not to lose the plant in the fall, it should be brought into the house, and in the spring it should be placed in a blossoming garden.

A little to the west of Russia, wisteria will feel much better. Care and cultivation of such a plant in Ukraine will not be difficult. The climatic and soil characteristics in this area are very favorable for the flower. Belarus and its soil can also become a wonderful "home" for this beauty.

The most laborious process is the cultivation of culture in the northern regions. Growing wisteria in the Urals and Siberia is very difficult and time-consuming. It is not always possible to root the plant on the first try and provide enough light and heat. For a normal growing season, light should hit the vine for about twelve hours a day, which is extremely difficult to achieve in such cold regions. But although wisteria is not a house flower, it is quite possible to grow it at home.

Popular varieties and types of begonias, care features and characteristics

Hoya: home transplant

The plant does not need too frequent transplants. It is all the more not recommended to do this more often than necessary, since the roots of the liana are extremely fragile. Usually, transshipment into a new container is practiced no more than once every 3-4 years. This greatly simplifies the care of the hoya at home. When the container becomes too tight for the roots, the vine stops flowering.

The soil is bought with a neutral reaction. A universal soil is quite suitable, as is soil for flowering indoor plants. The container is taken with a sufficient number of holes to drain excess water when watering.

Note! Additionally, they buy expanded clay for drainage

How to plant hoya

A container that is too spacious for a vine is not suitable. There she will grow greens, but will not bloom, even if you take good care of her. The material of the pot does not matter in principle. It can be plastic, ceramics, glass, most importantly, it must be opaque. Moisture does not linger in clay containers, so the flower in it will have to be watered more often.

Before transplanting, the hoya is well watered so that the earthen lump with roots is as easy as possible to remove and not damage. It is best to transfer the plant into a new container, adding fresh soil. The whole procedure is done slowly so as not to break the shoots and roots. Be sure to install a support along which the vine will start up new shoots.

Liana needs to provide support

1. Seven Secrets of Success:

Botanical name: Wisteria.

Wisteria flower - family

Where wisteria grows. The homeland of the plant is China.

Description. Wisteria is a perennial deciduous vine. The stems twist clockwise or counterclockwise, depending on the species, and can rise up to 20 m above the ground. The diameter of the base of the trunk can reach 40 cm. One of the attractive features of the plant is the white or light gray bark of the shoots.

The leaves are alternate, 15 to 35 cm long, pinnate, consist of 9 - 19 ovoid leaflets with wavy edges 4 - 8 cm long.

Flowers about 2.5 cm in diameter are collected in large hanging clusters from 10 to 80 cm long, purple, pink, blue or white, bloom in spring or mid-late summer. The flowers of some species are very fragrant, open sequentially from the base of the brush to the tip - from top to bottom, flowering occurs on the shoots of the previous year.

Blooming wisteria gives off a sweet, intense aroma.

Seeds are formed in velvety pubescent brown pods 10 - 15 cm long, poisonous. Wisteria fruits are pods typical of the legume family.

With good care, this vigorous, fast-growing vine blooms tirelessly and profusely - about three times a year from spring to fall.

Height. Up to 20 m in the natural environment, in culture, the height of the plant is regulated by pruning, it grows quickly and is capable of growing two-meter shoots within one year.