About the annual delphinium (differences from perennial, growing from seeds)

Reproduction of delphinium

Long-term delphinium is propagated by cuttings, dividing the bush, changing. When breeding with the seed method, there are many subtleties that will need to be taken into account. When acquiring grains, some meet with their poor germination. It is safer to collect the seeds with your own hands. The accumulated seeds are stored in glass containers in a cool place.

By dividing the bush

This is a very straightforward generation method. Mostly for this, bushes at the age of 3-4 years are suitable. It is preferable to divide the bush bush in the spring, at the stage of regrowth of leaves. But it is possible to do this in the autumn, although it is somewhat more difficult to measure the appropriate time for this. The extracted burgundy rhizome is finely divided so that a separate division has at least 1 process, 1 dormant bud and a huge number of roots.

As a rule, a delphinium, propagated by crushing a bush, blooms already in the current year.

Growing from delphinium seeds

Delphinium long-term seed cultivation is the most convenient way to propagate a plant. They are distinguished by good germination. Seed material retains its properties for 4 years after collection, provided it is stored correctly. They hatch quickly in nutrient media. The only drawback is the possibility of confusing varieties when sorting seedlings.

Seeds of a perennial delphinium must be stratified before planting. Placing seeds in the cold is the main guarantee of germination. This is due to its natural life cycles in the wild.

The seeds are planted in a peat mixture. Suitable fees are sold at flower markets. Pour small seeds into small (up to 1 cm) grooves. Watering needs to be provided by drip, a spray bottle is suitable for these purposes. After emergence, it can be transferred to open ground.

What do you think about this?
, your opinion is important to us

Grow, delphinium, big and small!

It is impossible to call a cultivated spur particularly fastidious, but you will have to follow some rules when growing:

The landing site must be sunny
"Greek grass" does not react well to the through wind
"Delph" will perish if its roots are constantly blocked
Mulching for a plant is a must for the development of a proper root system
Tall hollow stems are breaking and require binding
Re-flowering is possible with the complete removal of the first peduncles.
With all its winter hardiness (up to 35-40 * below zero), the flower may not survive the first "joyful" spring thawed patches - the roots are too close to the surface of the earth.
Pacific beauties require transplants every 4 years, Marfinsky and New Zealand ones - every 5 years, Elatums bloom calmly in one place for up to 7 years.

The first garter - the height of the stem is 40-50 cm. The second is 80 cm and more.

Do not use wire or twine as a binding material! Only ribbons, strips of fabric or fences!

Top dressing, watering and loosening

To build up green mass and abundant flowering of domesticated larkspur, proper feeding is required:

The soil under the bush must be loosened regularly!

But this must be done carefully, trying not to damage the small surface roots, which grow up to half a meter from the base of the bush. The optimum depth is 5 cm.

In order for the bush to "breathe" freely not only by the roots, in the spring it is necessary to break off part of the shoots from the middle, removing the weak and thinly transparent ones. These will not give a powerful flowering, they will only waste the "vitality" of the plant, but they will make good cuttings for propagation.In low-flowered species, no more than 10 peduncle stems are left, for multi-flowered species, 5 are enough.

All your efforts with feeding, thinning and loosening will not help the dolph feel comfortable if watering is insufficient. Watering must be abundant so that the water flows to the very bottom of the roots! Surface watering will do more harm than good.

Delphinium oxysepalum

Plants suffer greatly from dry air, but they suffer no less if cold shower water pours them in the heat. Watering should be carried out in the late afternoon, when the heat subsides, and only at the root and along the "near-trunk circle" of 40-50 cm.

Lack of caring for a garden spur during budding often ends up simply dropping flowers.

Delphinium cannot be fed with dry or granular fertilizers! Only in aqueous solution! And, of course, after feeding - an abundant drink, as after taking a medicine.

Perennial asters: description of 13 species, care and planting at home, methods of reproduction and growing from seeds (Photo & Video) + Reviews

Reproduction

In addition to seeds, there are others plant propagation methods... In spring or early autumn, when the delphinium has already bloomed, you can try to divide it.

Age - from 8 years old.
Carefully dig out the bush, clean the root of the earth.
Shoots are cut. There are points of growth on them, it is better not to touch them at all.
Each slice is smeared with charcoal.
Delenki are planted in a new place and covered with earth mixed with humus, ash, compost.
Do not be confused by the fact that the first months of the transplanted plant will hurt and dry out.

All delphiniums tolerate landing extremely hard.

Reproduction of delphinium by cuttings

Propagation by cuttings is used extremely rarely because of its laboriousness. Planting material - shoots 6-8 cm long, cut from young specimens. They are treated with growth stimulants and planted in fertile soil. Fertilizer is applied after 2 weeks. It is advisable to do cuttings in the spring, so that by the beginning of autumn you have full-fledged plants ready for wintering outdoors.

Delphinium care in the open field

The seedlings of the delphinium at the time of disembarkation in open ground are not yet large, but the distance between them is large (up to a meter), taking into account the future dimensions. After planting, the soil surface is mulched with compost or humus.
For grown plants, a support must be built, otherwise the tall stems may break - by the wind or under the weight of flowers. In the first year of cultivation, the delphinium does not need to be fed.
Sometimes you need to gently loosen the soil compacted after watering or additionally mulch it. Closer to autumn, well-grown bushes can be fed with potassium sulfate and superphosphate so that they winter better.
After flowering, the peduncles are cut, and after the first frosts, all the shoots are cut. But the shoots of delphiniums are hollow, after cutting, water can stagnate in the stumps and cause rotting of the root collar. To prevent this from happening, the hemp is split to the ground.
Thin frost-killed shoots can simply be bent to the ground and cut out in the spring. For the winter, the delphinium does not require shelter, but it will not be superfluous to mulch the root zone with compost, fallen leaves.

How to propagate a delphinium by seeds: planting and care when growing seedlings

During seed propagation, parental properties are not transferred, so you yourself will become a breeder and you may well get hitherto unknown varieties. Freshly harvested seeds (they ripen in August, for this you need to leave faded brushes on the stems) are immediately sown in the greenhouse. Seedlings appear in the fall and can freeze out in the spring, therefore they should be for the winter cover with spruce branches. So as not to mess with it, seeds are better sow right before winter (end of November).Seedlings appear in the spring; when growing delphiniums, the seedlings should be cut 2-3 plants into one container or thinned out according to the 10 × 10 cm scheme and in August planted in place according to the 40 × 40 cm scheme.

Then put it in a warm room to the light. There is a nuance. Since the seeds of the delphinium are very small, they are not sprinkled with soil when sowing. The moistened soil is compacted, the seeds are scattered over the surface and covered with a film until shoots appear. Either when sowing for seedlings at home in March, snow is brought into containers on the soil surface and seeds are sown on the snow. When it melts, it will pull the seeds into the soil by half.

To grow seedlings of delphinium from seeds, containers are placed in a plastic bag, it is tied. Seedlings are watered through a syringe, the needle of which is inserted into the ground. When growing flowers from seeds, when the delphiniums grow up and begin to fall to one side, you need to rake the soil to them with a match.

When the frost passes, with care for delphinium seedlings can be moved either to the school until next spring, or directly to the place

But here it is important not to let the weeds clog them, and the soil to dry out.

Perennial delphiniums

The cultivation of perennial plants in culture began in the 19th century: breeders based on Delphinium tall and Delphinium large-flowered by crossing created the first hybrids (Delphinium Belladonna, Delphinium Beautiful and Delphinium Barlow), and then Frenchman Victor Limuan created terry varieties of perennials of laurel, blue and purple called beautiful or "hybrid", and then renamed "cultural". Now perennial delphiniums in their color range have more than 850 colors. Among these plants there are undersized, medium-sized and tall varieties with semi-double, simple, super-double and double flowers, having a circumference of 3-10 cm.

Hybrid perennial plants are divided into groups according to their place of birth. The most popular are Scottish terry, New Zealand and Marfin terry delphiniums, which were named after the Marfino collective farm. All varieties have their own differences and advantages. Marfinsky, for example, have good resistance to frost and high decorativeness, these plants have semi-double and large flowers with contrasting and bright eyes. But it is very difficult to grow a Marfinsky variety from seeds, since the seeds do not retain varietal properties.

New Zealand species, bred relatively recently, is characterized by large growth (up to 2.3 m), large terry or semi-double buds (8-10 cm in circumference), some varieties have corrugated petals. These hybrids are frost-resistant, disease-resistant, excellent cut, durable, and for this reason they are now the most popular.

Tony Cockley is considered the creator of Scottish hybrid perennials. These varieties are characterized by rather dense inflorescences of double and super-double buds, often numbering more than 60 petals. With a bush size of 1.2-1.6 m, the inflorescence can reach a length of 85 cm! "Scots" have a large palette of colors, are durable, unpretentious in care and perfectly retain varietal properties during seed propagation.

Planting a delphinium in open ground

Choosing a landing site

Delphinium loves open areas with excellent light, but due to the frequent influence of open sunlight, there is a risk that picturesque flowers have every chance of fading. It is also necessary to understand that the larkspur of the plant is tall and the powerful wind has the ability to break it. This means that when choosing a place for planting a burgundy, work hard so that it is protected from the half-day hot rays of the sun and powerful wind. It is not recommended to select low-lying places where moisture will linger.

Landing

The delphinium landing plan will depend on the scale of the species you choose. In mass plantings, the gap between the plantings is usually 35 to 50 cm.If the soil in the cut area is poor, then it must be normalized by adding greenhouse soil or a mixture of soil with compost to each planting hole. Additionally, it is recommended to add a handful of wood ash or ash. This will not only enrich the land, but also prevent certain diseases from forming.

For the best adaptation of the seedlings, it is recommended to cover each of them with a transparent jar or a cut plastic bottle. After a couple of days, as the spur saplings will take over very well and move into growth, you can remove the covers.

Reproduction of delphiniums by cuttings, dividing the bush and seeds

Reproduction of delphiniums is carried out by seeds, dividing the bush and cuttings.

You can divide 3-4-year-old bushes into 5-6 parts. Each division should have 2-3 renewal buds and a good root system. Then the planted plant will bloom already the next year. But, as mentioned above, the delphinium is difficult to take root, so sometimes flowering is postponed for a year. To help the plant, systematically feed it Fitosporin plus Gumi. If there is "Extrasol", then add a tablespoon in every 10 liters of solution. When multiplying delphinium by dividing the bush, spray with Zircon in the first year of planting (every two weeks) or use Healthy Garden.

Cover with water bottles. When propagating a delphinium by cuttings, you need to make sure that the soil does not dry out. As soon as new leaves appear, the bottles can be removed. Water and spray regularly with Ferovit together with Zircon. In the fall, rooted cuttings can be planted in place.

Varietal delphiniums reproduce mainly by dividing rhizomes, as well as by seeds. After a year, the seeds lose their germination. Seeds are sown in March in boxes on the window. Seedlings appear in 20 days without picking. When leaving during the cultivation of delphiniums from seeds, planting in a permanent place is carried out in early May.

Delphinium thinning

In the second year of the growing season, the delphinium gives a lot of growth, therefore, in order for it to bloom profusely with large flowers, it is necessary to thin out the plant bush. This is done in the spring when the stems reach 20-40 cm. 5-10 (depending on the variety) strong shoots are left in the bush. For better air circulation, first of all, unproductive stems in the inner part of the bush are removed.

Instead of such thinning in the fall, you can cut off excess growth buds. As a result of this procedure, food in the spring will flow to the remaining kidneys, which will develop at an accelerated rate. If the shoots are removed with a heel (a piece of rhizome), then they can be used as cuttings for reproduction of larkspur.

Perennial delphinium plant

Delphinium belongs to legumes, tuberous herbaceous plants. This tall herbaceous flower has a distinct shape. Each "candle" has a rosette of large leaves at the base, the top is crowned with an inflorescence of large flowers. A single flower is up to 2 cm in diameter. The root system is a cluster of tubers.

Luxurious lush crowns of the plant create a riot of colors and delicate forms. Delphinium is good for creating compositions in the spirit of a wild garden, it can be included in any ensemble of classic garden design. The height of the "candle" reaches 2.5 meters, some decorative undersized varieties (up to 0.5 m) make it possible to form a cascade of tall and medium-sized plants.

Flower shades vary:

blue;
purple;
pink;
White;
purple;
bright red.

The main popular delphinium varieties are:

Delphinium Leroy;
Kashmiri;
Pyramidal;
Blue;
Delphinium Bruno;
High;
Terry;
Lipped;
Rarely colored;
Short spindle.

The varieties differ in height, color, as well as some features during care. In general, the plant is unpretentious to conditions and easily tolerates the harmful effects of cold and drought.

Application in design

Since the delphinium flower looks very catchy and unusual, it is used to place accents. High varieties are planted around the perimeter for zoning the territory. Also, the plant will look great. on the background, when arranging a rabat or mixborder. Lush inflorescences form magnificent compositions. Keep in mind that the annual delphinium almost always blooms after irises, peonies. The best neighbors for him are daisies, carnations and roses. However, lilies with phlox in the flowerbed will also not be superfluous. Bouquet compositions are made from large inflorescences.

Delphinium feeding

I feed the plants before flowering and during flowering.

Top dressing: I feed an adult delphinium for the first time in April - 2-3 tablespoons of azofoska or 1 tbsp for a bucket of water. spoon of superphosphate, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate, 1 tbsp. spoon of urea and water 2 liters per bush.

Fresh articles about garden and vegetable garden

How to process grapes in the fall before shelter
Peach shelter for the winter

The second feeding in the budding phase is for a 1 liter bucket of water. mullein, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of complex fertilizer and under a bush of 2.5-3 liters. After the first flowering, I cut off the peduncles (I leave the stump no more than 5 cm above the ground), I reduce the watering in order to prevent decay of new shoots.

When the new growth of peduncles (5–8 cm) begins, I remove the old leaves, increase watering, feed systematically after 8–10 days, the composition of the fertilizer, as in the first feeding. Flowering continues until frost.

Delphinium garter and pruning

Delphinium flowers are tied up twice, at a shoot height of 40-50 cm and 1-1.2 m, then the wind or rain will not break the shoots and inflorescences. Place several stakes up to 1.5-1.8 m long near each bush. Use cut strips of fabric as a garter material.

Pruning delphiniums is required for the development of peduncles. To do this, you need to remove all thickening, weak shoots, when the height of the stems is 20-30 cm, leaving an average of 3-5 of the most powerful shoots. Remove overgrowth in a timely manner. Delphiniums will bloom again in August-September if faded inflorescences are cut off in time. But doing so weakens the plants before the main summer flowering next year.

For a good wintering of flowers in a personal plot, in the fall, when the leaves begin to wither, the ground part is cut off, leaving only 20-30 cm of the stem height. The sections are covered with clay or plasticine so that water does not get into the cavity of the stem when the snow melts, thereby causing the rhizome to rot. Cut off parts of delphiniums are burned.

Sowing in open ground

It is better to plant an annual delphinium in late spring, when warm and sunny weather sets in. Choose areas illuminated by the sun, partial shade will come in handy. Each plant is placed in a hole 35-40 centimeters deep. The width should be the same. Depending on the height of the plant, the distance between two specimens is 50-70 centimeters. 5 liters of sand, humus, some ash and mineral fertilizers are placed in each hole. Garden soil is poured on top - top dressing should not come into contact with the root. After thorough tamping, watered, covered for about a week with a plastic, glass jar.

If there has been no frost for a long time, the cultivation of an annual delphinium is necessarily accompanied by watering. But remember that a little drought is much better for a plant than stagnant water. Weeds are removed, weeding is carried out regularly. In the spring, the surface is mulched.

Sowing delphinium in open ground

Delphinium perennial: growing from seeds

Unlike most garden flowers, which are quickly fertile at home, growing a spur from seeds is not so easy. The main root cause is ignorance of the main techniques and all the sensitivity of growing such a flower. The spur is grown mainly by the seedling method. Planting a delphinium with seeds is a very laborious business.

Selection of seed material

When choosing seeds of burgundy, it is imperative to pay attention to the period of collection and operation of seeds. But sometimes if the seeds are the freshest, then keep in mind that you do not need to pull with their planting.

Everything is explained by the fact that at normal room temperature they can maintain germination for no more than 1 year. Although, while keeping within the subzero temperature criteria, the germination period of burgundy seeds increases many times (up to 10–15 years), it is impossible to know how long and at what temperature they were kept by the retailer. Before planting, place them in the cold, this will slightly increase their germination period.

Preparing seeds for planting

It is necessary to sow the grains of spur for the acquisition of seedlings at the end of winter. It is recommended in advance to carry out their stratification by keeping them in the cold from 2 weeks to a month.

To begin with, the grains will need to undergo a decontamination operation. This will save them from most of the likely problems. To do this, place them in a mixture of any fungicide or a weak composition of potassium permanganate for thirty minutes. For practicality, the grains of the burgundy can be placed in a bag made of gauze or other fabric and dipped into a solution in it.

At the end of the disinfection, the burgundy seeds are washed under running water and dipped into the stimulant mixture. It has the ability to be "Epin", "Heteroauxin", "Kornevin" and similar. The soaking time is usually noted in the instructions for the preparation. For delphinium grains, it is safer to extend it up to 24 hours.

After the expiration of the soaking time, the seeds must be dried. This will simplify the seeding process.

Sowing delphinium seeds for seedlings

It is safer to make the soil for sowing with your own hands. It must be light, loose and high in calories. To do this, mix in equal proportions of leafy soil, compost and peat. Add half of the large, washed sand and a small amount of perlite (about 1/6 part).

The easiest way is to sow seeds directly on the plane of the earth, measuredly dividing them. Then it should be covered with a thin layer of soil (3-5 mm).

The most reliable way to irrigate the grain after sowing is by spraying from a sprayer. So you will achieve a measured distribution of moisture and exclude leaching or deepening of the seeds.

To form the conditions of the greenhouse, cover the container with a cap or foil.

Check the appearance of the soil from time to time during germination and wet it as needed. When shoots emerge, remove the cap and transfer the container with spur seedlings to the warmest (up to +20 degrees) and well-lit place, but without direct sunlight.

Delphinium seedling care

Subsequently, it will not differ from the cultivation of seedlings of many flowers and vegetable crops, and will initially consist in systematic watering. As soon as 2-3 real leaves appear on the sprouts, it is possible to start transplanting. For this, it is possible to use disposable 100 gr. cups or small plastic crucibles measuring 7-9 mm. The land can be used the same as for sowing seeds. It is recommended to grow a burgundy plant at the same 20-degree temperature.

As soon as it gets relatively warmer on the street, the spur seedlings need to be strengthened, accustomed to open air modes.

Types and varieties of delphinium

Delphinium Ajax, or garden (D. ajacis), an annual hybrid, the result of crossing dubious and oriental species. Height from 20 to 100 cm, taproot, strongly dissected leaves, flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. Blooms with early summer to autumn. It has been used in culture for several centuries, has many varieties and garden forms, among which are tall, up to 1 m, double delphiniums with dense inflorescences of hyacinth-like flowers, and dwarf, no higher than 30 cm, plants. The latter include Dwarf Hyacinth-flowered cultivars with double pink, crimson, white and purple flowers.

Fresh articles about garden and vegetable garden

Delphinium planting and care in the open field photo
Hibiscus: planting and care in the open field

Delphinium high (D. elatum L), a native of the northern mountains of Europe, Siberia and Mongolia, up to 1.5 m high with bare or slightly pubescent stems, and blue flowers, collected in sparse brushes. In culture since 1578, it is often used to create hybrids. There is a giant form up to 3 m high.

Delphinium labiate (D. cheilanthum Fischer), another plant of northern origin, which is the progenitor of cultivars. Height is from 45 to 95 cm, the stems are bare, the leaves are green above, gray below, densely pubescent. Blue flowers form a simple raceme.

Delphinium large-flowered or Chinese (D. grandiflorum L., D. chinensis), grows in Eastern Siberia, Korea, China, Mongolia. The plant has straight, often branched stems from 20 to 50-80 cm in height, with white pubescence, trifoliate leaves divided into narrow lobes and large bright blue, sometimes white or pink flowers. In the gardens, simple and double forms are grown, the undersized, up to 30 cm, variety Blauer Zwerg is popular.

Delphinium Belladonna (D. belladonna Bergmans), varieties that appeared in the 19th century, hybrids of large-flowered and labiate species. They are characterized by low (up to 1.5 m) growth, deeply dissected leaves and branchy paniculate inflorescences with simple, non-double flowers. Most of the varieties included in the group are delphiniums. blue and blue (Piccolo, Capri, Arnold Becklin).

Cultural delphinium (Delphinium cultorum Voss), includes other varieties bred by hybridization of tall, large-flowered, Barlow delphiniums. These are plants from 20 to 150 cm in height with simple, semi-double and double flowers of various colors, collected in pyramidal brushes. The following groups of hybrids are distinguished.

What does a delphinium flower look like: photos and descriptions of plant species and varieties

Delphinium (spurnik) is one of the most favorite garden plants with amazingly beautiful and rare flowers.

Perennial frost-resistant and drought-resistant powerful plant up to 200 cm high, can consist of 10-15 stems. The flowers are semi-double, large, bright. Inflorescences up to 7 cm in diameter are collected in giant (up to 70 - 80 cm) brushes of various colors (white, blue, purple, pink, etc.). The plant is moderately hygrophilous; grows well in sunny places, sheltered from the wind.

Of the perennial delphiniums, the hybrid delphinium is most often bred. Several groups of perennial hybrid varieties can be recommended, which differ in height, size and structure of the inflorescence, as well as their color and degree of doubleness.

Delphiniums of this group do not require transplanting for 6 years, then they are re-planted with seeds, cuttings or rejuvenated by dividing the bush.

The next group is Marfin hybrids.

Their varieties are taller (up to 220 cm). They have pyramidal or wide-pyramidal inflorescences, in which there can be up to 80 flowers. The leaves, as in the previous group, are 3-, 5- or 7-separate, with more or less narrow lobes and light or dark color (depending on what color the inflorescence is). If you purchased a delphinium in the form of a cutting or a cut (part of a bush) and do not know what color the inflorescence will be, please note: in plants with light leaves, the inflorescences are also light, and vice versa - the darker the leaves, the darker the inflorescence.

The belladonna group is different in appearance from the previous ones.

These plants are much lower in height and do not grow more than 1.5 m. The plants are more spreading and have few-flowered inflorescences. The flowers are usually non-double. The color scheme is usually light blue or blue, but sometimes the flowers are white.

The most undemanding and laborious in terms of cultivation is the hybrid delphinium.

The best flowering can be obtained by growing it in well-fertilized soils and in well-lit areas. For growing this Plants tillage should be very deep, since the delphinium has a powerful root system. This plant does not like sandy soils, as well as wetlands.On loose soils filled with peat, delphinium lives longer than on chernozems and loams.

Delphiniums are amazingly beautiful plants.

There are varieties with flowers of a pure tone, there are iridescent ones, passing from one to another. Very often in the center of the flower there is a peephole of a different color, in particular, black or white, which gives it a peculiar charm. Semi-double and terry varieties are especially elegant. Of greatest interest to gardeners are varieties from the Pacific group burgundy cultural.

Check out the photos and descriptions of the most beautiful varieties of delphinium flowers.

Delphinium cultural perennial, Bellamosum variety.

Plant height - 100 cm. Inflorescences are dark blue, bright. Propagated by seed and division

When describing the delphinium plant, it is worth noting the large-flowered perennial Pink butterfly.

Attracts attention with pyramidal inflorescences 40 cm high. Flowers, like butterflies, delicate, airy, pink

Propagated by seeds and dividing the bush every 3-4 years. Blooms in July and August.

The White Butterfly variety has the same characteristics as the Pink Butterfly, with snow-white inflorescences.

Of the Dutch varieties, the perennial Pacific mix with a height of 180 cm attracts attention. for single and group landings and for cutting

Seeds are sown in March for seedlings. Sow in open ground in May. The place is sunny, the soil is fertile. In autumn, delphiniums are cut to the root. Blooms in July, if cut after flowering, blooms again in September.

Delphinium varieties are especially popular in the gardens: