Reproduction, planting and transplantation of cineraria
Reproduction methods of cineraria depend on its species:
- Flowering species reproduce exclusively by seeds.
- Ornamental deciduous species can be obtained from seeds and cuttings.
- Indoor cineraria can be propagated by seeds and dividing the bush.
Sowing of seeds of flowering species takes place from December to February. If the seeds were sown in February, the flower will release its buds only closer to autumn.
The decorative leafy look can be sown even in March. Then in May the flower will take on the appearance of a beautiful bush.
Growing from seeds involves the following actions:
- For flowers, choose a wide, shallow container with good drainage holes.
- For seeds, a special soil is prepared, consisting of peat and sand in equal proportions.
- Seeds are carefully spread over wet soil, leaving a distance of about 2 cm between seedlings. Densely planted flowers will be difficult to dive. After distribution, they are slightly heated. To do this, you can use a regular stationery ruler.
- The container is covered with foil or glass. He is placed in a room with an air temperature of 20 ℃ -22 ℃.
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Seedlings should be ventilated and sprayed every day. The first shoots will appear after 1.5 weeks.
- The sprouts dive into peat pots and move to a cool room with a temperature of no higher than 15 ℃.
- With the onset of stable heat, the sprouts, along with the peat pots, are transplanted to the site. Outdoors, they are looked after as adult plants.
Decorative deciduous varieties can be grafted:
- In the summer, shoots of about 10 cm in length are cut from the flower.
- For better rooting, before planting, they are treated with Kornevin, which stimulates root growth.
- The cuttings are stuck into a wet sand-peat mixture under a hood. If there are no such caps on the farm, they can be replaced with cut-off transparent plastic bottles.
- Cuttings are ventilated and moistened daily.
- After rooting, the caps are removed.
- Shoots are kept in sandy peat soil until spring.
- For the winter, they are transferred to a cool place.
- With the onset of heat, rooted cuttings can be planted in areas.
Cuttings
Indoor species can be propagated by dividing the bush, this is usually done when transplanting:
Using a sharp sterile tool, the rhizome of the plant is cut into the required number of parts.
It is very important that each separated part has at least 1 powerful stem.
Places of damage are treated with an antiseptic.
Each part of the bush is placed in a separate pot.
A potted flower is transplanted in the spring, before the budding process begins. The plant does not need to be replanted annually. It is enough to replace the soil for him every 2-3 years. The soil for the flower should consist of leafy soil, compost and peat. It is advisable to add a little pine bark and ash there. For cineraria, medium-sized pots are selected.
Garden flowers, which are grown as perennials, are transplanted into a pot every fall, and returned to the plots in the spring. Before planting, the land must be dug up, enriching it with a small amount of peat, sand and compost. The holes for cineraria are made shallow, and the flowers themselves are planted at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other. After planting, the soil is abundantly moistened and mulched with peat.
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Reproduction
Since our climate is different from the tropical one, it is necessary to grow cineraria from seedlings. It is almost impossible to create ideal conditions for full-fledged seed germination in the open field.
Note! The only variety that is allowed to be sown in the garden is graceful cineraria. Deciduous forms propagate by cuttings, decorative flowering - by seeds
How to grow from seeds?
Seeds of cineraria silvery (perennial or annual - depending on growing conditions) are purchased at a flower shop. Germination is usually not satisfactory. It is recommended to sow the ashy groundwort for seedlings in April.
- Fill the container with a mixture of sand, peat in a 1: 1 ratio.
- You do not need to deepen the seeds. It is enough to sow them on the surface, lightly tamp them with a wooden ruler.
- Using a sprayer, moisten the soil.
- Cover with glass.
Seedling care
The seedlings should be expected to appear in 10 days. The container with ready-made sprouts is transferred to a lighted place. As soon as 2 full-fledged leaves appear, a pick is made. To do this, the plant is taken out of the container along with the soil, transplanted into a suitable container. A good option would be peat briquettes.
Before replanting a Cineraria Silverdast plant or any other species, choose a place in the garden that is well lit by the sun. It is desirable to have a light partial shade on it at noon. A neutral soil saturated with useful elements is suitable. It is better to land in mid-May, when the probability of frost is practically zero. The technology of planting in open ground, further care is almost no different from other plants.
The recommended distance is 20-25 centimeters. The bush is removed along with a lump of earth and placed in a hole. Then lightly ram the soil, water it. If the probability of frost persists, cover the plants with spunbond overnight, and remove them in the morning.
How to propagate by cuttings?
The seaside species is propagated by cuttings. Prepare a portable box, the so-called "cuttings", in which the cuttings will be planted. It is made independently from boards and plywood, drainage holes are made.
Seaside cineraria
- The soil is garden soil mixed with sand. It is laid on the bottom with a thickness of 10 centimeters.
- The next layer is coarse sand, the recommended layer thickness is 6-7 centimeters.
- First, the surface is leveled and sprayed with a solution of potassium permanganate.
- Each slice is treated with root root and immersed in the prepared substrate. Lightly rammed, covered with a plastic bottle, which can be removed only after complete rooting.
- Water it 2 times a day. Gradually remove the shelter for 1-2 hours, and then forever.
- For the winter, they are placed in a cool room - a cellar, a basement. In spring, it can be planted in a flower bed.
Proper watering
One of the strengths of culture is drought tolerance. Thanks to this feature, cineraria (ground plant) can be considered a real masterpiece for flower beds, public parks and gardens. Natural precipitation is often sufficient. But during a period of severe drought, the decorativeness of plantings can significantly decrease. The leaves turn yellow and wither. Since cineraria does not bloom so abundantly without watering, additional moisture is recommended. It is desirable that it is basal, and the water is warm and settled. Watering is carried out between rows, loosen the soil and remove weeds.
Note! Of course, you need to observe the measure. Too swampy soil leads to the appearance of fungus
The roots begin to rot, the bushes die.
Care rules
In addition to watering and loosening the soil, it is recommended to regularly pick off wilted flowers. Then cineraria diamond powder will bloom much longer.
Do I need to feed the plant? Undoubtedly. Top dressing is performed 2-3 times a month, mineral fertilizer is used.If decorative flowering species grow in a flower bed or in pots, they are fertilized more often - once a week. Organic, mineral fertilizers alternate.
Cineraria - home care
Special rules have been developed for keeping cineraria in a pot, caring for seedlings and adult plants in the open field. It has been noticed that good budding occurs at temperatures up to 12 ° C. At noon, sunburns can form on the foliage, so it is advisable to grow the plant in diffused light. For indoor forms, medium-sized pots are used. The soil is prepared from a mixture of peat, leafy soil and completely rotted compost.
Features of cineraria flower care:
- When keeping a flower indoors, you need to humidify the air with devices or use open containers with water.
- The plant does not like fresh organic matter, the soil in the flower beds is prepared in the fall.
- In the spring, nitrogen fertilizing or mullein is applied, and on the eve of flowering - phosphorus fertilizers.
- Fading inflorescences are cut to the first leaf.
- You can shorten long, retracted shoots on bushes.
- Outdoors, use mulch for drought protection.
- In autumn, cineraria is removed or dug up, transplanted into a pot; in winter, such bushes need to be kept at temperatures up to 15 ° C.
- In the South, cineraria can be grown in the form of a perennial, covering the flowers from frost with spruce branches or other material.
Cineraria - transplant after purchase
The problem of when to transplant cineraria grown from seedlings must be solved in late spring. For indoor forms, use a soil of sand, leaf and sod land, mixed in equal proportions. In stores, adult bushes are sold in separate pots with a diameter of 10 cm with a large number of unblown buds. These flowers do not need additional transplantation. When transplanting into a flower bed, the holes are placed at a distance of up to 25 cm. The earth is watered, tamped a little and covered with mulching material.
Cineraria - watering
An important question when growing cineraria in pots: "How to water capricious plants?" Water should be used separated and warm. We try not to wet the fleecy leaves, so we pour the liquid under the root. In the heat, watering can be done even twice a day, but do not let the water stagnate. To improve air exchange, we periodically loosen the ground. It is recommended to sprinkle the soil on top with a thin layer of expanded clay, which helps to avoid drying out the soil.
Diseases of cineraria
The problem of why cineraria leaves wither can arise for several reasons. A common disease of this flower is powdery mildew. Incorrect watering provokes its occurrence, which leads to an excess of moisture in the soil. It is better to remove infected cineraria from the flower bed. The leaves of the indoor flowerpot can wither when kept in a hot room with dry air. If the flowers are affected by spider mites or aphids, then the plants need to be treated with insecticides.
Use in landscape design
Such a culture is in demand as the main background when creating various kinds of flower arrangements in the garden. Most often, silvery bushes are rooted together with bright and flowering garden plants on alpine hills, in stone gardens.
And also cineraria silvery can be used to create original patterns on large areas of the garden. The culture is harmoniously combined with orange or red flowers.
Gardeners prefer to combine the whitish foliage of the shrub with bright colors, in addition, the culture is beautifully complemented by delicate white or pink flowers.
In addition to group plantings, the ground plant in landscape design is found as single plantings in the form of an openwork carpet, which will look laconic and attractive in the flowering phase, before and after it.
You can learn more about the rules for growing silver cineraria from the video below.
Varieties
Among the available varieties of the groundwort, it is worth highlighting the most demanded.
"Silver will give"
Ornamental culture, with a pronounced lacy appearance of the leaves. Silver Dust is a small, densely pubescent plant that becomes more attractive as it grows. The green mass of the variety is carved, the culture will be velvety to the touch, the color is silver. The plant is very often used by amateur flower growers and landscape designers.
Cineraria bloody
A variety of a universal type that requires special care, since the shrub goes through a rather long growing season. The decorative attractiveness of the plant is emphasized by the small-sized snow-white inflorescences with a red border. Planting crops are usually carried out in winter or early spring.
"Stelata"
A hybrid variety of a rosemary. Bloody cineraria was used as the maternal culture of this plant. Among the expressive differences of the new bush, it is worth highlighting another color of the inflorescences - a shade of indigo. On average, the shrub can grow up to 70 centimeters in height, while the culture creates an attractive carpet of large leaves on the ground.
"Nana"
This shrub attracts gardeners due to the presence of beautiful inflorescences that look like chamomile. In addition, the decorative appeal is complemented by the color of the flowers, which are distinguished by a burgundy middle and rich pink petals.
Growing cineraria from seeds
The best way to get a cineraria plant is to grow from seeds. When to plant them depends on the climatic conditions of your region of residence.
To grow seedlings from seeds, it is better to purchase them in specialized stores. Seeds are highly germinating.
Sowing can be started in the first days of April. To do this, you need a container with a substrate - a mixture of peat and sand in a 1: 1 ratio. The seeds do not burrow the soil, but are left on the surface. After they have been sown, the soil is lightly leveled with a small wooden ruler. The soil should be watered using a sprayer or by placing the container in a pan of water. Above the container with future seedlings is covered with glass.
A week later, the first seedlings already appear. At this time, the container must be moved to a well-lit place. After young plants throw out 2 real leaves, you can pick and plant them in separate pots. For this, the plants are removed from the container along with a small earthy clod. Briquettes with a mixture of peat and humus are best suited as a substrate. It will be much easier to transplant them into open ground.
Cineraria care at home and outdoors
Caring for flowering and decorative leafy varieties does not differ. In addition to the standard care of cineraria, the cultivation of varieties of the Silver species involves the systematic pruning of shoots. Without pruning, the plant looks unkempt and neglected.
Lighting
Cineraria loves bright light. Such lighting is provided to her in the first half of the day, and after 12 o'clock they shade. The need is due to the detrimental effect of the midday sun on the flower: the direct rays of the scorching sun hitting the plant lead to burns.
Cineraria can easily grow in a darkened area, but in such conditions it loses its decorative appearance.
Garden flowers are planted in areas where the sun does not fall after 12. Indoor plants are placed on the western and eastern windowsills.
Temperature and humidity
The flower is very demanding to comply with the temperature regime. Temperature jumps are contraindicated for him. Despite the fact that hot countries are the homeland of the plant, cineraria prefers coolness. The optimal temperature for its content is considered to be from 15 ℃ to 18 ℃. In a hot room, flower shoots droop and wither.
The critical temperature minimum for a plant is + 5 ℃. In colder air, the flower freezes. A prerequisite for growing Cineraria is a constant flow of fresh air. The flower does not live in a musty room.
Cineraria likes air with high levels of humidity.
However, the standard method of increasing it in the form of spraying is not suitable due to the hairiness of the stems and leaves of the plant. You can spray only the air around the plant. To increase the humidity level, indoor flowers are placed on trays with wet materials: pebbles, expanded clay.
They are also placed next to aquariums and household humidifiers. Around garden plants, the soil is highly moistened to evaporate moisture. It is necessary to water the ground away from the root so that the flower does not rot.
Watering and feeding
Cineraria requires abundant and regular watering. The room type is watered through a tray, after a while, draining excess water. Garden varieties are moistened at the root more often, but in small doses. The optimal scheme for watering garden cineraria is as follows:
- growing season: 0.5 l every 2 days;
- bud formation and flowering period: 0.3 l every day.
For irrigation, use soft, settled water. After moistening, the top layer must be fluffed. Indoor varieties must be periodically cleaned from dust. To do this, they are given a shower under warm running water.
After this procedure, excess moisture from the leaves is removed with a towel. Do not leave a wet flower in the sun because of the risk of getting it burned.
The plant is fed 2 times a month. A balanced feeding for cineraria involves the alternation of mineral fertilizers with organic ones. For this, complex mineral fertilizers are used for flowering plants (or for decorative ones, depending on the species) and mullein. In the spring, the flower needs an increased concentration of nitrogen, and in the period of budding and flowering - in phosphorus. When planting and transplanting a plant, compost must be added to the soil.
Preparing for winter
Caring for room cineraria in winter is no different from regular care. The only requirement is to lower the air temperature to 10 ℃ -15 ℃. This is not the case with garden species.
In areas with moderately warm winters, they are left in the open field, well covered with coniferous spruce branches or dry fallen leaves.
The bedspread layer should be at least 15 cm. If the winter is expected to be harsh, the cineraria are transplanted into pots and brought into the premises. They are looked after as indoor varieties. In the spring, the flowers are returned to the plots again. Failure to comply with such measures leads to the freezing of the plant.
Popular varieties in floriculture
Of the whole variety of subspecies of cineraria, several of the most popular varieties of the seaside can be distinguished, which are cultivated in our country.
Silver dust
Silver dust bushes are small (about 15 cm high) and compact. The leaves are carved, reminiscent of lace, of a cold silver shade. Seeds are taken in almost 100% of the sown cases, the bush grows and develops quickly. It goes well with pansies and other low-growing plants with bright flowers.
Grade Silver Dust
Andromeda
Andromeda bushes are taller than those of other varieties, the height of the plant can be up to 40 cm.The leaves are carved, but the denticles are smoother. Young plants have bright green foliage, which over time acquires the silvery color characteristic of cineraria.
Andromeda bushes are taller than other varieties
Cirrus
One of the tallest shrubs of the silvery subspecies. Height can reach 45 cm. Leaves are oval, corrugated, in appearance resembling the leaves of young cabbage. The young bush has a pleasant mint color, but it also becomes whitish-gray over time.
Cineraria variety Cirrus
Silver boat
Plant height about 35 cm. The leaves are openwork, with a pleasant velvety structure, classic silver color.Great for growing in a pot.
Diamond powder
The difference between this variety is less dissected and longer leaves. The bushes are very neat, they look great as a background for bright colors. Decorativeness remains throughout the growing season.
Cuttings
Leafy cineraria, for example, silvery, propagates by cuttings. This is done, of course, in the summer, when the plant flaunts in the flower bed. To do this, prepare a container 10-12 cm deep. Make holes at the bottom. Pour a layer of expanded clay, then - soil, and on top a layer of coarse sand. Spill all this with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Break off the cuttings from the mother plant. You can hold them in water until the roots form, or you can immediately plant them in the soil. Choose a shady place for germination. Remember to water the cuttings daily.
Cover each seedling with a cap from a cut plastic bottle. When the roots appear and the cuttings get stronger, the caps are no longer needed. The seedlings endure winter at home, in a cool place, but subject to a positive temperature regime.
At home, this is not difficult. Plant them in open ground in the spring. Here is the question: cineraria silvery annual or perennial? This is an annual plant, but cuttings prolong its life.
