How to give wisteria the shape of a standard tree
The liana without support will immediately lie on the ground, so the main task of the gardener is to develop the trunk of the plant. This will take at least 4 years. When forming a standard tree, make sure that the wisteria tends upward. While you are creating the skeleton for the future plant, do not allow it to bloom.
Rules for the formation of a standard tree:
- Identify the main trunk and eliminate any unwanted shoots.
- Limit the dramatic development of the vine by pruning.
- Maintain the growth of the main trunk. Form a crown out of the side shoots and maintain with regular pruning.
- Prune the lower branches as the vines grow.
- Make a secure collapsible support for the tree. While the wisteria is young, the trunk may deform. The support will prevent this.
Vegetative reproduction
Aubrieta can be propagated both by seed and vegetative methods. We have already considered the first one above. Vegetative propagation is carried out by dividing the bush and grafting.
If an aubriet has been growing in one place for many years, it will have a large number of shoots. You can use them as cuttings.
There are always enough of them after the first pruning after flowering. You can choose the strongest and healthiest shoots. For better root formation, soaking in a rooting machine will help. After that, the cuttings must be placed in a mixture of sand and peat. From above it is necessary to cover them with foil.
At the end of summer, the cuttings should form roots. You will get young aubriet seedlings. Planting and caring for them is straightforward. They are planted in a prepared bed. Before the onset of cold weather, the plants have time to take root. In severe winters, young seedlings should be covered with spruce branches or sawdust.
Dividing the bush is rarely practiced, since the Aubrieta does not tolerate such a procedure well. But if necessary, you can carry out this type of reproduction. It can be performed in spring or autumn. You need to dig out the entire bush with great care. Divide the rhizome into fragments
It is important to ensure that the delenki have at least one developed shoot and several powerful roots. Next, each fragment is placed in a prepared hole (we described how to make them above)
Some gardeners practice another breeding method - layering. To do this, you need to cover the shoots extending from the plant with earth and ensure their immobility (you can pin them to the ground with metal brackets). These stems form roots. In the fall, it will be possible to cut off the new plant from the mother. A young plant can be left in the same place if the task is to increase the area of the flowering carpet. You can also dig up a young shaved and plant it in another place.
Brunfelsia: home care
Brunfelsia flower: photo of the variety
In order to grow at home, only the Brunfelsia small-flowered variety is suitable. However, there are several subspecies with a similar shape and color of inflorescences. Brunfelsia has large flowers and various colors. The plant begins to release its flowers in the first spring month, and ends only with the onset of winter cold. Each individual flower lives no more than three days. But new ones constantly appear, creating the impression of continuous flowering.
Purple, brightly fragrant flowers cover the entire bush when flowering begins. They can become a decoration of any dark corner in the house, as they feel great in the shade. Not only bright shades of flowers in the form of a lush hat, but also their delightful aroma can be a pleasure.
Choosing a location for Brunfelsia
For room brunfelsia, it is better to choose a place in the shade, since it will be most comfortable there. But the diffused light of the sun should touch this beauty. Overcast weather and constant shade will make petals pale and blooms weak. But due to direct sunlight, the plant may experience burns on the leaves. In case of bright sun, a light-colored cloth can be used to shade the flower. The best location for him would be east or southeast. If there is enough light, then you can enjoy the spectacular colors of bright colors and foliage of rich colors.
Brunfelsia is a tall bush. In order for it to grow and develop well, it needs to be given more space. In the summer, she will be comfortable on the veranda or balcony. The main thing is that the place is not hot. The heat is bad for flowering, making it more late. As for watering, spraying is more suitable for this plant.
Temperature regime
Indoor Brunfelsia loves a humid tropical climate. She will feel great at temperatures from +12 to +15 degrees. During the growing season, the thermometer should show a temperature from +20 to +22 degrees. In the autumn period from +9 to +14 degrees for the timely formation of buds. For two or three months it is necessary to maintain a low temperature at home. Further, gradually increase it. Brunfelsia must be constantly sprayed when growing at home, but completely stopped after flowering. The fragrant beauty should stand on a pallet where the limit is wet gravel
It is also very important for the Brunfelsia plant to ventilate the room where it grows.
Watering activities
Brunfelsia loves moisture, so watering should be done regularly. Water should not be hard, rain or water that has settled for at least a day is fine. The plant prefers acidic soils, therefore acidifying substances must be added to the water during watering. During the period when the bush blooms, it is necessary to water it twice a week, with the onset of cold weather one will be enough. The plant does not tolerate stagnation of water, so it must be regularly drained from the pallet. In case of excessive moisture, root rot may develop. If there is too little moisture, then all the flowers will fall off.
Fertilization
In order for Brunfelsia to bloom for a long time, colorfully and magnificently, it must be regularly fed with complex mineral fertilizers. They must be entered from 2 to 4 times within 30 days.
Brunfelsia bush formation
Brunfelsia plant: flower photo
Brunfelsia will completely bloom in the last days of February. Then you need to start pruning to form the future bush. This event will not allow the shrub to stretch too much in length. Also, thanks to this, new shoots will form better and more actively. If optimal conditions are observed, then this will facilitate re-flowering. The shrub itself will have a neat and compact shape.
When the flower stops blooming, you need to give it a couple of months to rest. During this period, it is necessary to maintain the air temperature from 10 to 15 degrees.
Reproduction of Brunfelsia
The methods for propagating the Brunfelsia flower can be different. You can use the method of cuttings using lignified or semi-lignified cuttings, shoots or seeds. The last method has its own nuances.
To root the shoots, you need to place them in a moist earthy mixture for which peat and perlite are suitable. The optimum temperature for rooting is 25 degrees or less. The best time for this event will be summer.
To grow brunfelsia from seeds, you need to sow them in small greenhouses. For the soil mixture, peat and sand must be used in equal proportions. The procedure is carried out from the beginning of winter to mid-spring.
Types and varieties of lacfioli with photos
Alpine Heyranthus (Cheiranthus alpinus)
The bush reaches a height of about 0.4 meters.Its shoots are adorned with lush dark green foliage, while the flowers are yellow in color.
Cheiranthus cheiri
Plant height can be up to 60 centimeters. Flowers can be painted in various shades, namely: pale brown, purple, golden or dusty red.
This plant is a hybrid. Its large inflorescences are bright yellow in color.
Heiranthus mutabilis
The length of graceful shoots is about 0.8 m. Inflorescences are yellowish.
The most popular varieties among gardeners:
- Bedder. This is a series of hybrids, the height of the bushes in which varies from 0.3 to 0.4 m. Simple inflorescences can be colored orange, yellow or red.
- Zwerg. Such undersized hybrids are decorated with tricolor inflorescences. There is a variety of ZwergBusch: double flowers.
- Prince. Simple inflorescences can be colored in 5 different colors.
- Goldkonig. The powerful stem reaches a height of about half a meter. The bush is decorated with inflorescences consisting of golden flowers.
- GoliathTreib. The vigorous bush is decorated with dark brown simple flowers.
- Linnaeus. Plant height is about 0.5 meters. Simple flowers are cream colored.
- Fire King. During the flowering period, scarlet inflorescences form on medium-sized bushes.
- The Snow Queen. This is a mixture of varieties, which includes only undersized varieties. They are highly frost-resistant.
LACFIOL
Reproduction and planting
Salpiglossis is propagated by seeds that can be grown at home or purchased from a specialist store.
When buying, you need to pay attention to the terms indicated on the package. It is better to take collected in the current year or up to a maximum of 4 years, older ones have much lower germination
The packaging must be undamaged, not damp and free from water streaks. Buy seedlings in the store, choose healthy, rooted seedlings with bright green leaves.
In open ground, planting is carried out after warming up the soil at least + 18 ° C, in mid-late May for the Moscow region. Choose a sunny area, without drafts, with a little shade during the day.
In order for salpiglossis to bloom earlier, seedlings are planted at home. In late February - early March, a container with fertile soil (garden soil, peat, sand) is prepared, drainage is laid on the bottom, and watered with warm water. Seeds are sown into the grooves in damp ground and covered with polyethylene or glass. After 2-4 true leaves appear on the seedlings, remove the glass. They dive and transplant into separate pots when the plant grows to 7-10 cm. In mid-May, when the frost has passed, they are planted in open ground. Depending on the variety, the distance between the bushes should be at least 25-30 cm - for undersized, for tall ones from 30 to 50 cm.
Salpiglossis planting care consists of 5 stages:
- Watering is carried out in the evening or in cloudy weather, with warm water heated in the sun during the day. The plant is thermophilic and fragile, it may not withstand watering from a hose, or growth and flowering will decrease.
- Top dressing is carried out for abundant growth 1-2 times per season. For the first time, when planting in open ground, bio-fertilizers are mixed into the soil, in the form of manure, droppings, compost or industrial fertilizers containing phosphate and potassium. The second time is fed with a fertilizer containing nitrogen, calcium, potassium, phosphate (complex fertilizer), you can use wood ash.
- Pruning consists of removing broken, damaged, rotten and diseased branches and flowers.
- Weeds are removed as soon as they appear, especially at the time of active growth.
- Loosening of the soil is carried out after heavy rains and in dry weather. Under normal weather conditions, it is loosened 1-2 times a month.
With good care, salpiglossis will bloom profusely and is less susceptible to diseases and pests.
Diseases and pests
With frequent rains and poorly drained soil, the plant is often exposed to fungal diseases and others:
Flowers are treated with special means or solutions of manganese, ash, laundry soap are used. It is better to remove diseased specimens so that the disease does not spread to other plantings, the probability of cure is very low, and the spread of the fungus is rapid.
The most attractive salpiglossis is for the following pests:
To get rid of them, bait is used near the place where flowers grow or they buy industrial means to eliminate pests.
To make the plant less susceptible to diseases and pests, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures in the form of tillage and planting (especially during the period of active reproduction of pests) with fungicides and insecticides.
