Grow onions on a feather in winter fertilizer growth stimulant

Onion (Allium cepa L) is a culture that is familiar to the whole world. It is the closest relative of many garden flowers such as lilies, hyacinths, tulips, and previously belonged to the lily family. It has been cultivated on all continents of the planet for 4 thousand years. As a fertilizer for onions, organic matter has traditionally been used all this time. But with the advent of fertilizers (agrochemicals), the situation has changed. Mineral fertilizers began to be used more and more often, both in the fields of large agricultural producers and in private farms. They are more convenient to use, lighter and cheaper than natural ones, and every year the range of their application is expanding.

When growing onions, tuka is preferable to organic, which retains a large amount of moisture in its structure. This property can cause rotting of the underground part of the plant. And industrial fertilizers, on the contrary, due to their absorbing properties, will absorb excess liquid. It will not stagnate in the deep layers of the soil, but will go directly to the roots of the plant, carrying dissolved nutrients to them.

And yet, organic matter is quite widely used when feeding onions. This is not only a tribute to the centuries-old tradition, but also a rational attitude to the preservation of the fertility of the land. The fact is that onions actively consume nutrients, significantly reducing the humus content in the upper layers of the soil, and noticeably reducing its fertile layer. It can be revived in only one way - using organic fertilizers for the autumn soil refueling.

Onions on greens

Green onions are one of the most valuable sources of vitamins and many other useful macro- and microelements. It contains:

• Sucrose, inulin, maltose - 10-14%;
• Proteins - 2-3%;
• Vitamins - ascorbic acid, potassium, phosphorus, iron.
• Its leaves also contain essential oils, iodine, citric and malic acids.

The aerial part of this plant is very popular in the preparation of various dishes. Salads are prepared from the tops of onions, they are added to assorted and cuts, and pies are stuffed. It is always in demand, so many farmers and private farms grow feather onions almost all year round. With an industrial scale of production, they most often use year-round forcing of greens in greenhouses, and for personal consumption they plant onions before winter in order to have fresh feathers on the table in April. It is also germinated in special containers on the windowsills.

Autumn planting

Onions are planted in winter in the second half of October., before the onset of severe cold weather. It should not have time to germinate, but at the same time, it needs to fully root itself in order to survive the winter. It is not worth deeply deepening the planting material, there is a great risk that there will be practically no seedlings in the spring, all the bulbs will rot, failing to break through to the surface. For planting, large specimens of onion sets are selected, which immediately release bunches of green feathers in the spring. It is better not to take small onions for forcing on greens. Until they grow and increase their mass, there will be no use.The maximum that they will give is one or two frail arrows from one plant. With a podzimny planting method, you can grow onions for greens and from seeds. But a quick harvest in this case should not be expected.

Fertilizers for onions on a feather can be applied both in spring and in autumn, while digging the soil. Before using them, it is necessary to disinfect the garden with copper sulfate, dissolving 1 liter. Art. substances in 10 liters of water. The soil is spilled with the resulting solution the day before the main dressing is applied, spending 2 liters per 1 sq. M.

For the autumn dressing of the soil for onions, you must use a combination of natural and mineral fertilizers. Organic matter cannot be used alone, especially one that has just been obtained from animals. It is unacceptable to use fresh manure or chicken droppings for winter planting of onions - the planting material will all rot. Therefore, for the autumn application, they take a well-rotted, thoroughly decomposed dry mullein and combine it with superphosphate, which, due to the long transition period of phosphorus to a form accessible to plants, is best applied in autumn. It is necessary to observe the following proportions of application (per 1 sq. M.): Humus - 5 kg, granular superphosphate - 40 g. Before winter, it is best to plant zoned varieties that tolerate local conditions well. For the middle lane, the following are recommended: Arzamassky, Chalcedon, Bessonovsky.

In the spring, fertilizers for onions are applied after the seedlings reach a height of 10-15 cm, after removing diseased and weak plants from the garden. It is at this time that plantings most of all need phosphorus and nitrogen. If superphosphate was introduced into the soil in the fall, then in the spring it is no longer necessary to add it. But the presence of nitrogen replenishment is necessary for good growth of the aerial part of the onion, since it is this element that is responsible for the development of green mass. Nitrogen can be obtained from liquid fertilizers based on organic fertilizers. Here are some of the most popular recipes:

• Extraction from horse manure. Animal excrement is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 20, and insisted in a warm place for a week. After that, take one part of this suspension, and pour 10 parts of water. The resulting liquid is spilled the aisles on the onion beds.
• Mullein solution. Cattle manure is less vigorous than horse manure, so it is bred in less liquid. For 10 liters of water, take about 1 liter of mullein, and they also insist for a week. Before use, the working solution is diluted again, 1: 5, and applied as a fertilizer for onions, watering the plants using the same technology as when feeding with horse manure.
• Infusion of bird droppings. It is prepared and used according to the same principle as an extract from any other organic matter, only it is diluted with a thinner, 1: 25, and they give more time for fermentation. The fact is that poultry droppings contain a huge amount of uric acid, which burns the roots and tubers of plants when this natural dressing is applied directly.

Forcing in the greenhouse

When growing onions in a greenhouse, the area can be used much more efficiently than for forcing any other crops (except strawberries). It is planted not only in the soil on the floor, but also on shelves along the glass walls. The following are considered the best varieties for year-round cultivation in closed ground: Slime, Multilayer, Shniit.

In a greenhouse with heating, you can start growing green onions already in Octoberwhen the growing season ends and fresh produce skyrockets in price. Bulbs with a multi-ring structure are chosen for forcing the feathers, as they will eventually give more lush bunches of greenery.

In order to "wake up" the bulbs as soon as possible in winter, they must be pre-processed. To do this, the upper part is cut off, and the root plate is cleaned, removing the appeared and dried roots and adhered soil. After that, the planting material is soaked in water with a couple of drops of a growth stimulator (Epin, Baikal or any other).

After that, they are planted in soil and containers, placing the bulbs close to each other. When grown on greens, the underground part dries out rather than expands, giving all the strength, vitamins and nutrients to the ground. It is necessary to water this plant abundantly during forcing, but rarely, so that the soil does not sour, because then the underground part can rot. Feeding should be more abundant than onions, since the time for growing green onions is given shorter. Literally 20-25 days after planting, the first feather cut is made.

Agrochemical solutions are usually used as fertilizers for feather onions.... Since the bulbs are located very tightly in containers, only liquid fertilizers can penetrate to their roots. For example, you can use a phosphorus-potassium mixture by diluting 20 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water. Water the plantings with the resulting solution until completely moistened. In greenhouses without heating, onions begin to grow in March, harvesting before summer, when two or three harvests will have to give way to tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers. With this mode of operation, the land is quickly depleted, and it must be restored with organic and mineral fertilizing.

The main part of the onion fertilizer is applied to the feather before planting. In order to get a larger amount of products from the greenhouse area, when growing for sale, it is necessary to apply additional fertilizing, and prepare the soil in advance by introducing dry organic matter and mineral fertilizers into it.

Video: growing green onions in a greenhouse

Growing green onions on the window

For growing green onions for personal consumption at home, you can use a special device. It is simultaneously placed from 14 to 20 onions. Up to 1.5 kg of useful vitamin greens are obtained from this micro-vegetable garden per month. The installation does not take up much space, is compact, and consumes little electricity. The principle of its operation is based on the technology of air feeding of roots. The compressor blows the air, forming small bubbles with oxygen, which goes directly to the plant. A water-air environment is created in which the roots of the plant do not rot and grow faster.

You can grow onions at home and in the old, "old-fashioned" way. To do this, the planting material is placed in containers with water, preferably filtered, so that chlorine from the water supply does not get into the greens. To accelerate growth, you can add a biostimulant to the liquid - Epin, Baikal or any other.

Growing onions from seeds

This variety can be found in vegetable gardens most often. It is this type of onion that is most demanded in home cooking. It is added to almost all first and second courses, as well as used for marinating meat and preparing various pickles.

Onions are cold-resistant plants that germinate at temperatures of 5-7 ° C. It is undemanding to conditions, resistant to frost, so many of its varieties are grown by sowing in the winter. Loves soils with a slightly alkaline and neutral reaction, well filled with dry humus.

There are many ways to grow onions. With a full production cycle, it takes two years to get finished products, and when planting onion sets, the crop can be eaten in the same year. The first scheme allows you to do without purchased planting material, the second - to get a crop in a shorter time.

You can grow onions both from purchased and from your own seeds. If the choice fell on selective planting material, then the following varieties are recommended for the middle lane: Terekhovsky, Yantarny, Spassky, Stuttgarten, Strigunovsky.

The seeds of this culture can be planted before winter or spring., in the first case, seedlings will appear earlier. The garden bed must be prepared in advance by digging it up with manure or compost a couple of weeks before planting. Fertilizers for onions, as well as for green ones, should preferably be applied in advance.When making use of the same "cocktail" of organics and minerals, as under onions on a feather.

The seeds are planted to a depth of 2-3 cm, marking the beginning and end of each row with pegs. The fact is that onions from seeds give very thin sprouts, which you can simply not notice when weeding weeds, and pull out with it. When sowing, it is advisable to apply mineral fertilizers, which will spur the growth and development of the plant. A mixture consisting of 7 g of ammonium nitrate, 7 g of granular double superphosphate, and 5 g of potassium chloride is evenly distributed over 1 m of the strip. This is the optimal composition of fertilizer for onions, in which the necessary balance of macronutrients is maintained.

Throughout the growing season, onions obtained from seeds must be carefully looked after. Weeds need to declare a fierce war, if necessary, cover the aisles with black non-woven agrotextile, which allows water and air to pass through, but does not allow any vegetation to develop under its surface.

In the fall, standard seed-planted onions grow to the size of a set. They are pulled out and dried in the shade for about a week. Then they are put away in nets and stored in a cool, well-ventilated place until next spring. In April, when stable warm weather sets in, the onions are again planted in the ground and grown to the size of economic suitability.

Video: growing onions from seeds

Growing onions for a turnip from a set

In the open field, onions reach maturity in 10-12 weeks. It is grown from seedlings or substandard fractions of the previous harvest. The best predecessors for this crop are potatoes, as well as carrots, which have the ability to scare off onion pests, even a year later, after growing it in the garden.

After harvesting the vegetables, they dig up the soil, and apply fertilizers for onions into it - well-rotted, dried manure, about 5-7 kg per square meter, and wood ash, about 200 g per meter. They form high beds, which should settle slightly and settle so that there are no significant gaps between the clods of earth. Good soil compaction is especially important during winter planting, since moisture accumulates in the cavities, and if it comes into contact with the bulb, it will die from frost, or rot in the spring after the soil thaws.

If a set for growing onions on a turnip is planted in the spring, then the ground must be pickled with potassium permanganate in order to get rid of the pathogenic flora. The bottom of each onion must be cleaned, the top must be cut by the shoulders. It is also advisable to remove all excess scales from the bulb, it can cause it to rot in the ground.

Growing a giant onion

In the last few years, onion varieties that reach economic ripeness in one season have been gaining more and more popularity. At the same time, not onion sets are used as planting material, but seeds, from which a full-fledged "turnip" grows at the end of summer. In the southern regions, it is grown by direct sowing in the garden. But in the middle lane, climatic conditions do not allow this method to be used, therefore, varieties of giant onions are grown through seedlings.

The best zoned varieties for the middle lane are Kasatik, Penguin, Danilovsky, and the star of Western selection, which has taken root in our country - Exhibishen onion. It is an annual variety with a short shelf life of no more than four months. It is one of the largest in weight among all varieties of giant bows, the weight of one head can exceed 1.5 kg.

It is best to grow Exibishen onions from seeds, then it will be tasty, without unnecessary bitterness. It is necessary to feed it in moderation, otherwise the already not too long shelf life will be significantly reduced. When planting, to prevent various diseases, the land is sprayed with Fitosporin, diluted in a proportion of 1 liter. Art.10 liters of water, and the seeds are soaked in a weak solution of boric acid overnight.

Seedlings begin to be planted in February in boxes on the windowsill. At home, the sprouts of giant onions must be supplemented, otherwise the seedlings will be weak and will begin to lag behind in growth.

The land on the personal plot for the Exhibichen onions is prepared in the same way as for any other - manure plus phosphorus with potassium. Manure can be replaced with ammophos or ammonium nitrate. The main care procedure for the first two months is weeding and loosening. If you start the beds, then the yield can be reduced by at least 50%, and instead of a giant onion, an ordinary "turnip" will grow in the garden.

Leek

Those who are not familiar with this culture, having seen flat leaves for the first time, mistake them for the tops of overgrown garlic. But in fact, this is a full-fledged representative of the onion family (formerly liliaceae). Earlier it was believed that it was impossible to grow leeks in our climate. But this belief turned out to be fundamentally wrong, and now this culture does not grow, except that only a lazy one.

Actually, leeks do not require much maintenance. It is grown as a biennial plant in the open field, or used for forcing high-vitamin greens in greenhouses. The best varieties for the middle lane are Karatan, Mercury and Late-ripening Bulgarian.

In the middle lane, leeks are grown through seedlings. The seeds are planted in boxes in mid-February, and transferred to a permanent place at the end of April. The first month you will need a shelter, which is removed after the onset of a period of constant positive temperatures.

It is best to apply a combination of natural and mineral fertilizers under the leeks. The optimal composition would be (per 1 sq. M.) - 1 bucket of manure compost, a teaspoon of urea and 2 tbsp. nitrophosphate.

Decorative bow

At the end of the story about growing onions, I would like to pay attention to its decorative varieties. This perennial plant will be a real decoration for your garden. It is usually planted in the background of flower beds, and is also used as a dominant in the center of a country-style rabatka.

You can grow decorative onions both from seeds and standardly from tubers. The first method is cheaper, but more difficult, the second is simpler, but more expensive, the cost of some varieties reaches thousands of rubles per unit of planting material.

It is imperative to fertilize decorative varieties, otherwise they will not be able to show themselves in all their glory. The flowers that form from the buds of the seed pod will be smaller, and the arrows on which they form will be shorter and thicker.

To achieve optimal results and extend the flowering period, ornamental onions need the same complex of fertilizers as its onion counterpart - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but in large quantities. Therefore, it is fed with a solution of nitroammafoski (40 g per 10 l), or ammonium nitrate in combination with superphosphate and potassium sulfate (20:10:10 per 10 l of water). If the plant hibernates in the soil, then superphosphate can be applied under it already in March, along the edge of the hole, right into the snow. The fertilizer will "burn" its way to the surface of the earth by itself.

When growing onions of ornamental varieties, it should be borne in mind that it is impossible to plant it next to onions left for seeds. These two species can be pollinated among themselves, and as a result, you get a completely wild hybrid, not suitable not for food, not for decorative cultivation.

Video: onion cultivation workshop

Often in the spring, people have vitamin deficiency, which will help to cope with daily consumption of green onion feathers. This plant contains many vitamins and minerals important for human health.

Regular use of green onions boosts immunity, helps the body resist viral diseases, and helps prevent vitamin deficiency. The culture is unpretentious in comparison with other plants.To grow a good crop, you need to know how to feed green onions and how to prepare the soil.

It is important to add top dressing to the soil during the onion growth period, especially if the crop is grown on a feather. But before talking about feeding the plant, you need to know which onion is best to grow in order to get enough greens.

Onion varieties

A good harvest depends on the choice of planting material, proper soil preparation and feeding it with mineral compounds. It is important to choose a variety in such a way that not only the heads grow, but also a lot of greenery.

Consider the main varieties of this useful crop:

1. Chives - the feather of this variety is narrow, and reaches half a meter in height. If the culture receives proper care and timely feeding, then up to 25 kg of greenery can be collected from 10 squares of area. The onion does not harden, and the feather has a pleasant taste and aroma.
2. Shallots are an unpretentious crop that can produce 40 kg of greens from 10 squares.
3. The multi-tiered onion is a frost-resistant variety with the highest quality greens. This plant easily tolerates winter, while being unpretentious in care. Greens with a unique aroma.
4. Batun onion is the most common, perennial variety, since it is not expensive to buy planting material in any specialized store. This variety does not form heads. Has a high content of vitamins and nutrients. From 10 m2 it can give up to 35 kg of feathers.
5. Leeks - The greens of this variety are similar to the feathers of garlic. Instead of a bulb, it has a lower, thick part of white. Culinary experts use the white part of culture in their dishes. If you plant 10 m2 of onions, you can get 20 kg of greens.
6. Slime onion - resembles garlic, has the same feather and a pleasant taste. This plant is very useful, it can be grown all year round indoors. On the ground, he gives a feather to frost. The culture is early ripening and gives a large harvest.
7. Onion parade is a high-yielding, early ripening crop that gives 65 kilograms of feathers from 10 squares.

Having gained an idea of ​​the varieties of onions that give a large harvest of greens, you can return to the question of feeding onions.

How important is it to fertilize the soil

Despite the fact that onions are an unpretentious crop, they need a sufficient amount of nutrients. The composition of the soil is very important for any plant, it affects the growth, and therefore it is important not only to cultivate the crops well, but also to provide timely complementary foods.
If we talk about onions, then it depletes the soil, sucking out all the nutrients from it. But do not use all the fertilizers available on the market. Three dressings per season are enough to get a decent harvest.

If you plan to plant onions in early spring, then it is worth preparing the soil in the fall. Compost or humus is applied to the site - 6-7 kg per square meter.

With a very depleted soil, a complex of mineral fertilizers will have to be applied before planting a crop. If the beds are located in the open ground, then in the fall they should be dug up, then a fertile layer will form during the winter.

How to improve yields?

We are constantly receiving letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year there is a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS on this matter. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we want to advise plant growth biostimulants that will help increase the yield up to 50-70%.

We advise you to prepare in advance for the summer season, pay attention to this biological product. There are a lot of positive responses.

Read ...

Mineral or organic compounds - which is better

These types of fertilizers are applied both individually and together. Organic matter normalizes water exchange in the soil and improves its structure. At the same time, mineral fertilizers penetrate faster to plant roots.

Potassium, which is found in potassium chloride, ash, potassium salt and potassium sulfate, is essential for onions. The culture will be much easier to tolerate drought and temperature extremes. With a sufficient amount of this trace element in the soil, the culture tolerates transportation and storage well.

To increase the yield, only organic matter is not enough, the plant needs superphosphate. This complex mineral composition will help increase the onion's immunity, while the greens will grow violently, the bulbs will fill evenly. The culture will resist diseases and pests.

Onions growing poorly on greens? In this case, you cannot do without nitrogen, which stimulates the growth of any culture well. This trace element is found in organics:

• horse dung;
• mullein;
• bird droppings.

Mineral fertilizing with nitrogen - ammonium nitrate

But you do not need to introduce this composition thoughtlessly, since a large amount of nitrogen will lead to feather growth, while the turnip may not grow at all.

Top dressing with organic fertilizers is carried out only after careful preparation of the compositions. Manure and bird droppings are pre-infused, and only then diluted with water to water the plant at the root.

Any fertilizer is applied in the evening, after rain or watering.

When it comes to mineral complexes, they are sold in the form of granules. They are simply scattered over the beds before watering or rain.

How to properly saturate the soil

As soon as the first shoots begin to appear, after about two weeks, nitrogen-containing fertilizers must be applied to stimulate the growth of the culture. If during this period there is a lot of precipitation or the winter was snowy, you should not add nitrogen, since autumn fertilizers will be enough for proper plant nutrition.

The second stage of complementary feeding is performed after three weeks. At this time, you need to add potassium-phosphorus fertilizers and less nitrogen microelements. It is at this time that the bulb is formed, which needs nutrients for full growth.

Important! The introduction of any fertilizers attracts crop pests, therefore, the onions should be processed before using them.

Folk remedies such as ash and tobacco help well against insects.

Onions are an unpretentious culture, but with a lack of some element, the following symptoms can be noticed:

• if yellow spots appear on the feathers, while the greens have a pale green tint and grows poorly, then the culture does not have enough nitrogen;
• necrosis has appeared on the tips of the greenery, which gradually spreads over all the feathers - the onion is experiencing potassium starvation;
• slow growth and large brown spots on the feathers indicate a lack of phosphorus;
• twisted greens or lying on the beds - the plant lacks zinc;
• faded, thin greenery may indicate an insufficient amount of copper in the soil.

The lack of vitamins does not appear overnight. Therefore, if at least one of the above signs is noticeable, you must immediately apply a complex of fertilizers.

What to do if onion feathers turn yellow: reasons, methods of saving the harvest

There are situations when you have to develop a new piece of land. In this case, it is impossible to understand how depleted the soil is. Then it remains to look at the behavior of the crop and feed according to the symptoms.

In the spring

The introduction of nutrient compositions for bulbous plants is based on the purpose of growing the crop. If the main goal is greens, then this is one set of fertilizers. Growing green onions for a turnip requires a special integrated approach.

In March, the area allocated for planting onions is dug up. If the soil is heavy and dense, you need to add peat and sand to significantly increase the looseness.

If for some reason the soil was not prepared in the fall, a mixture must be added to it, which consists of:

• 6 kg of humus;
• 25 g of urea;
• 30 g superphosphate;
• 20 g of potassium salt.

These components will enrich depleted soils with microelements, while the culture will give friendly shoots, which will subsequently give a decent result.

Advice! When cultivating a crop such as onion, it is worth abandoning organic fertilizers, since it practically does not react to the introduction of organic matter.

Experienced gardeners are advised to introduce into the soil in early spring:

• peat;
• humus;
• ash.

The first shoots have appeared - it's time to introduce nitrogen. But it is worth remembering that this composition is water-soluble. If there is a lot of precipitation, you need to postpone feeding - there will be no benefit from it.

There are three different top dressing options that can help you get a good harvest.

First option:

• dilute three tablespoons of ammonia in 10 liters of water - this composition is poured on onions two weeks after planting;
• three weeks after the first fertilization, dilute a tablespoon of saltpeter and salt in 10 liters of water, add a little potassium permanganate to the composition and water the seedlings;
• after a month and a half - dilute 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate in 10 liters of water.

Second option:

• two weeks after sowing, water the onion with a solution: 2 tbsp. l. fertilizer "Vegata" and 1 tbsp. urea, diluted in 10 liters of water;
• 10 liters of water with two tablespoons of Agricola 2;
• "Effecton-O": 2 tbsp. l. dilute in 10 liters of water.

Third option:

• • in 10 liters. dilute half a kilogram of bread with water, add 500 gr. weeds, 5 packs of yeast. Let the mixture stand for three days and water the onions;
  • 2 tbsp. l. dilute nitrophosphate in a bucket of water;
  • 250 gr. pour wood ash with 10 liters of boiling water and leave for 2 days.

These remedies are very useful for spring onions.

Summer complexes of fertilizers for onions

If the soil is fertile and well prepared in the fall, then it is not necessary to carry out a comprehensive spring feeding, it is enough just to add nitrogen to stimulate growth.

But in the summer, you shouldn't give up fertilizers. As mentioned earlier, onions dramatically deplete the soil, so complementary feeding must be carried out in a timely manner.

At the end of June - at the beginning of July, it is definitely worth feeding. The composition should be enriched with phosphorus, copper, potassium, iron. The introduction of complex fertilizers will have a beneficial effect on the growth of bulbous culture and the formation of a strong turnip.

Gardeners use complexes that increase the yield of onions. Fertilizers need to be applied after rain or preliminary watering in the evening.

It is worth remembering that the ingress of fertilizers on the feathers of a plant can cause them a chemical burn, so watering must be done carefully, at the root.

Autumn soil preparation

In the fall, you need to plan a place for the spring planting of onions. The first stage should be soil disinfection. Dilute 15 grams of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water. Spray 5 m2 of soil with this composition a day before fertilizing.

After processing, the site needs to be prepared. The soil must be cleared of weeds and dug up, after adding compost or humus at the rate of 6 kg per square.

If the soil is acidic, then it needs to be desalinated. To do this, apply:

• Dolomite flour - 150 gr, per m2;
• Chalk in the same amount;
• Wood ash is used without restrictions;
• Lime dusting - 200 gr. per m2.

At this time, yeast formulations are contraindicated.

On depleted soils, potassium-phosphorus mixtures are used, which contribute to the regulation of the balance of micronutrients. When growing sweet onions, potassium compounds should be preferred.

To enhance the effect of soil enrichment with useful substances, you need to use mixed organic fertilizers and mineral compositions.

There are winter onion varieties that are planted in the fall. In this case, fertilizer must be applied a month before planting. This is necessary so that the nutrients are combined with the soil and are ready to be absorbed into the crops after germination.

The following fertilizers are not used in autumn:

• rotted manure;
• mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen.

As we know, these trace elements provoke rapid growth. The onion will throw away the feather just before the frost and some of the harvest will be lost.

Onions are a crop that responds well to fertilization throughout the season. (Picture 7) Some novice gardeners feed the crop very often, mistakenly believing that it will benefit the injury. It should be noted that an oversupply of fertilizers will drastically reduce the quality of the crop and can harm humans.

Moderate use of a complex of fertilizers, which contains organic matter and mineral trace elements, will help to get juicy greens and tasty aromatic turnip.

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Fertilizers for onions are applied at a certain time. To get a good harvest, you need to know when and what to use. Natural ingredients, inorganic mixtures are suitable for feeding. Complex fertilizers have a good effect on the growth and development of this crop.

The soil for planting onions should be rich in nutrients. This vegetable loves loose, weed-free, non-acidic soil and good light. Various types of dressings allow onions to fully develop, resist various diseases.

Like any other plant, onions need nitrogen, phosphoric, and potassium fertilizers. Top dressing is carried out 2-3 times per season. For these purposes, both organic and mineral components are suitable. It is better to start preparing the soil for future planting of a vegetable crop in the fall.

For the beds, soils are chosen on which pumpkin, nightshade, legumes and cabbage crops grew that year. The land for planting onions is enriched with organic matter or mineral fertilizers. It is good to add manure or compost to the soil in the fall. You can mix these organic additives with peat. It will be useful to add some ash to the ground. If the soil is acidic, neutralize it with lime. Since a neutral medium is better suited for onions. You can take mineral potassium-phosphorus mixtures for autumn feeding. About 30 grams of such fertilizer is enough for every square meter of land.

In the spring, the soil is dug up, treated from weeds, loosened. It is better to make the beds high. If fertilizers were not applied in the fall, then it would be good to add organic matter and superphosphate. From natural components, rotted manure, bird droppings or compost are suitable. You can replace them with ammonium nitrate or urea.

Organic and inorganic fertilizers

Fertilizers of natural and synthetic origin, as well as their combinations, are suitable. Organic ones supply the soil with nutrients, improve its structure. As a result, water and air exchange processes proceed more deeply. Natural fertilizers, they contribute to the better assimilation of inorganic types of dressings.

Fertilizers rich in nitrogen include manure, bird droppings, urea, ammonium nitrate and others. The component included in them affects the growth of onions, their full development. When applying top dressing, the feather begins to develop intensively. Lack of nitrogen will inhibit the growth of vegetable crops. As a result, the plant will be weaker, and the yield is low.

Superphosphate will enrich the soil with phosphorus. And also other useful elements: potassium, calcium, magnesium and other substances necessary for the full development of the bulb. Thanks to this complex fertilization, vegetables become more resistant to diseases. The components of the mixture activate the metabolism, stimulate its growth, and increase the yield. Superphosphate can be produced in various forms.

Potassium is essential for metabolic processes. It provides the plant with resistance to drought and temperature extremes. This element is found in ash, as well as in such mineral fertilizers as calcium chloride, potassium salt, potassium sulfate. Onions that get enough potassium keep better.

It is better to feed the vegetable in the evening. Mineral fertilizer for onions can be applied dry. It is scattered evenly over the garden bed, and then watered. It is good to feed in this way after rain. But it is best to prepare an aqueous solution. It is poured under the root of the plant, trying not to touch the feather. The next day, it is advisable to water the beds with plain water.

Top dressing of onions at various stages of development

Onions are fertilized at different stages of the growth of the set. From the moment the greens appear and until the turnip is fully formed, the vegetable requires a variety of nutrients. Organic, mineral or mixed dressings are applied under the vegetable crop. Fertilizers should contain those components that are most needed by the plant at a certain point in development.

The earth is enriched with useful substances according to the following scheme:

1. The first feeding of onions is carried out approximately 2 weeks after planting. At this time, the sprouts need nitrogen for rapid development. With a lack of it, the feather will grow slowly, which can affect the yield.
2. The second feeding is necessary 3-4 weeks after the first. Onions still require nitrogen-containing additives, but in smaller quantities. At this time, the vegetable needs phosphorus and potassium.
3. You can also feed the onion a third time at the initial stage of head formation. For this, potash-phosphorus mixtures with a high content of the main components are suitable.

During the first and second feeding with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, it is important not to overdo it. Otherwise, the bulb will use up its reserves for the formation of greenery, and the development of the head will be less active. The last feeding of onions is optional. It will be required for soils with a low nutrient content.

You can also fertilize a vegetable crop with special complex mixtures based on organic matter. Such fertilizers are very useful for onions, they have a balanced composition necessary for full development and growth. There are special-purpose mixtures, for example, Agricola-2 for onions and garlic. You can use fertilizers suitable for different types of vegetables: Giant, Effekton-O, Agricola Vegeta and others.

What is the best way to fertilize onions on a feather?

Many gardeners grow onions for greens. She's very helpful. It contains vitamins, minerals, and other active substances. Onion feathers are mainly used fresh, as they are not stored for a long time. In spring and early summer, the greens of this vegetable will become an excellent source of vitamin C. The amount of nutrients in feathers exceeds their content in the bulb itself.

When growing onions on a turnip, it is better not to pluck green shoots. Then the bulb will develop better. Therefore, onions are planted on a feather separately. In this case, we are interested in the yield of the green part of the plant, so the soil must be enriched with nitrogen. The lack of nutrients affects the appearance of greens. If nitrogen is low, feathers grow slowly, are pale in color, and then begin to turn yellow.

The first top dressing, grown for greenery, is necessary at the stage of the appearance of the first leaves. For feeding, you can use urea or ammonium nitrate, as they are rich in nitrogen. It takes about 30 grams per square meter of soil.After 7 days, add phosphorus and potassium components. You can take 30 grams of superphosphate, 10 grams of potassium chloride per 10 liters of plain water. An infusion of wood ash is suitable for fertilizing the soil. Some gardeners feed onions on a feather once about 14 days after planting. Nitrogen, potash and phosphorus fertilizers are applied at the same time.

Onions are an unpretentious garden crop. However, it is very sensitive to fertilization. The recoil is immediately noticeable. With a sufficient level of nutrients, the vegetable develops more intensively. The onion becomes larger and juicier. The feather is powerful and bright green. The harvest ripens faster and is better stored.

Excess fertilizers can accumulate in the plant. This is bad for the storage capacity of the vegetable. In addition, the accumulated nitrates are harmful. Therefore, you should not overdo it with feeding. It is enough to deposit 2-3 times per season. Organic fertilizers are undoubtedly good, but they cannot always provide the plant with all the necessary micronutrients. The combination of natural ingredients with inorganic nutrients for feeding allows you to get the richest harvest.

Onion cultivation is a steadily developing area of ​​farming. Over the past decades, up to 45 tons of crops per hectare have been obtained on an industrial scale. Feather forcing is one of the first among the greenery, especially in winter and spring. Fertilizers have a positive effect on bulb crops and are popular with farmers. There are several different options for growing onions to ensure high yields.

Planting in autumn

Planting winter onions is carried out in open ground before a cold snap or frost. But the planting material should not let the greens go. The optimal time for planting is mid to late October. The best precursors for onions are grains, rapeseed, beets, peas, beans, cucumber, tomato, etc. It is not recommended to grow winter onions after potatoes, beans, parsley, onions and bulbs.

When preparing the soil for planting winter onions, digging and disinfection with a solution of copper sulfate (1 tbsp. Spoon per 10 liters of hot water) is carried out. The mixture is used at the rate of 2 liters per 1 sq. meter. In a day, you can start treating the soil with fertilizers.

Fresh organic matter (manure, etc.) is not used as fertilizer for onions. It can lead to rotting of the planting material. Or overgrowth of the green part of the plant in spring, leaving the bulb loose and unstable. Fresh organic fertilizers can be applied under the predecessor crop. Autumn feeding is carried out with a mixture of superphosphate and dry mullein or an extract from it. This combination provides future plants with phosphorus compounds. The rest of the dressings are applied in the spring.

To choose a winter variety, one should be guided by climatic conditions and choose a plant that is well adapted to them. The plant may not survive too cold winter. The optimum temperature for good seedlings of winter onions is -15 degrees without snow cover or -25 degrees under snow. If necessary, use agrofibre that transmits light well.

Basic seedling care

In the spring, when high enough shoots (12-15 cm) appeared, the plants are thinned out, removing the weakened shoots. This is the best time to start fertilizing winter onions. Farmers use a variety of nitrogen-containing feeds for forcing onions. Each method brings a positive effect, it is possible to use organic, mineral or combined fertilizers.

Top dressing in spring with organic fertilizers:

• Horse manure based solution. 500 gr. Dissolve manure in 10 liters of water and leave for 5-7 days. Each liter of the resulting solution is diluted in 5 liters of water. Used for watering between rows
• Infusion of mullein. 500 gr. cow dung is diluted in 5 liters of water, insisted for a week.Water is added to the resulting infusion in a ratio of 1: 5, fertilizer is applied between the rows

Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers does not require much time and preparation of infusions. Powdered or liquid fertilizers are added to the water for irrigation in a certain proportion and are immediately used on the beds. Mineral fertilizers are used in three stages. The first time after the appearance of the feather, the second after 2 weeks. The third feeding is necessary only on infertile soils, after 20 days. There are several options for using mineral mixtures.

1. Option

• 5 liters of water and 2 tbsp. spoons "Vegeta"
• 5 liters of water and 1 teaspoon of Agricola-2
• 5 liters of water, 1 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate and 2 tbsp. spoons "Effekton-O"

Option

• 5 liters of water and 1.5 tbsp. tablespoons of ammonia
• 5 liters of water, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of ammonium nitrate and salt
• 5 liters of water, 2 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate

Combined or mixed dressings are very popular and are used both on an industrial scale and in summer cottages and vegetable gardens. For the first feeding, half a glass of slurry is used for 5 liters of water and 1 tbsp. spoon of urea. For the second feeding, dilute 1 tbsp in 5 liters of water. spoon of nitrophoska. Fertile soil is fertilized for the third time. Dissolve 10 grams in 5 liters of water. superphosphate and 5 gr. potassium salt.

Forcing in greenhouse conditions

In spring, forcing onions onto feathers is especially popular in greenhouses. Saplings are placed on the floor and along the walls in several tiers. This arrangement makes it possible to get a high yield of greens in a confined space. 3-4 weeks after planting, the first feather cutting can be done.

The soil for the greenhouse is prepared in advance for a specific crop, appropriate fertilizers are applied. Usually, in greenhouse containers, the bulbs are planted tightly to each other.

Under such conditions, it is advisable to use liquid fertilizer solutions that penetrate well to the roots.

Add 10 grams to 5 liters of water. potassium sulfate and superphosphate. Other types of feather plants are grown in greenhouses.

Leeks have a soft texture and delicate aroma. Leek seeds are soaked in a Zircon or Growth catalyst. For seedlings, seeds are sown in separate cassettes or special containers, covered with foil. After the emergence of seedlings, the seedlings are transplanted into a greenhouse. The soil for the leek should be fertilized with humus and ash.

Chives require good continuous lighting and regular, moderate watering. Distillation takes 4–5 weeks. The plant propagates easily by thickening of the rhizome. After a few cuts of greenery, the plant is dug in and left for a dormant period of three weeks.

Onions are an unpretentious crop and obtaining a feather is a fairly simple process that can bring good profits for the farmer. The demand for onion feathers is year-round, because it is one of the most affordable sources of vitamins and nutrients. With a modern approach and onion fertilization, you can achieve tangible results in the field, greenhouse or small home garden.

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