Is it profitable to raise pigs for meat at home?

Most people who have a plot and a house in the countryside, sooner or later begin to think about how to receive a stable certain income from existing buildings and land, that is, to start their own business. Often the first idea that comes to mind is to keep pigs for the sale of meat.

Let's take a look at the intricacies to understand the likely challenges of starting a profitable pig business.

Is it profitable to keep pigs for selling meat?

Pig farming as a business has enormous perspectives... High-quality meat is constantly in demand on the market and has a fairly high pricing policy. Another reason for the popularity of the pig farm as a business is the simplicity of the technological process - you just need to raise the animal and sell the resulting products.

When you are determined to consider pig breeding as a business, it is necessary to realize initially one point - you need to regularly deal with physical and financial investments in this activity, pay attention to your farm all the time, and fundamentally restructure your routine.

At the development stage business plan for pig breeding, you need to realistically assess your ability to sell the product being produced. When you plan to organize a relatively small business for raising and breeding pigs, and you can sell all the meat on your own at agricultural fairs or your friends, then it is quite enough to arrange your own private farm.

But in the case of a rather significant production of pork, for the sale of lard and meat, more opportunities will be provided by the status of an individual entrepreneur... Moreover, it will be necessary to constantly operate with a large number of permits and pay taxes, but you can safely increase the pig farm to the required livestock.

Same

First of all, think carefully about the business plan, according to which your pig farm will develop and form. It is quite possible to start with 2-3 sows and increase the required number of sows over time.

It is necessary to provide for the use of personal pedigree producers, first stopping your choice on a specific breed... Of the two possible directions for the development of the organization of raising pigs in the home as a business, the main emphasis should be placed on the production and sale of meat. The selection direction in the maintenance of pigs needs to be supported only for their needs for the reproduction of livestock, since the sale of young animals to the population does not always pay off the money spent.

Is it profitable to breed pigs: sources of income

In addition to selling the main products of pig breeding (meat and lard), select possibilities sales of by-products (blood, skins, etc.). A smokehouse can be an excellent help on the farm for a larger-scale maintenance of a home pig farm - smoked meats are also in great demand on the market, and their storage time is much longer than that of fresh products.

All of the above must be summarized in a general business plan for breeding pigs at home and raising them, while adding here:

• costs of maintaining and organizing the life cycle of a pig farm;
• likely markets for the purchase of feed;
• the opportunity to use the services of specialists - zootechnicians and veterinarians;
• minimizing and identifying all risks in pig breeding.

Required documents

Business on pigs is a responsible and serious step, implying that the entrepreneur has all the packages of documents that permit and regulate activities. In this case, the main question "how to open a pig farm", most people are confused. But not everything is as complicated as it might seem.

To obtain documents, you need to decide on the choice of a specific region where the pig farm will develop and where your activities will take place, since it is in this area that you will need to communicate with officials. Initially you need approve with the administration of the selected region, the possibility of engaging in pig breeding on their site and the specific location of your future pig farm. Already at this stage, it is best to have a business plan to prove the seriousness of your intentions, as well as your competence in this project.

It is no secret that, as a rule, officials positively consider the issues of organizing new jobs, which naturally begin to appear after the organization of a new business and the construction of a pig breeding enterprise.

In this case, the administration provides the entrepreneur with all kinds of options registration of a land plot and opening of a pig farm. It is also possible that you will be given an assistant for processing all the documents: from papers that register your activity and enterprise, to assistance in obtaining various government investments for creating a pig farm.

Equipment and premises

Having received all the required documents for running a business, you need to pay maximum attention to the premises, its preparation and construction for the settlement of animals. You may be given an old building that needs to be restored and equipped to suit the needs of your pig farm. A little expensive it will cost to build a pigsty from scratch, but in this case you can establish all communications taking into account your business plan.

Creating a pig farm for 100 or more heads implies hiring workers who will start caring for pigs. Therefore, when drawing up the layout of the premises of a pig farm, it is necessary to lay in the plan the allocation of household, office, utility and production premises, a laboratory, etc. For a herd of 500 pigs, the optimal area of ​​all premises will be approximately 6000 m2.

How to raise pigs

The pig farm room must meet all sanitary standards, be bright and clean, great attention must be paid to getting rid of drafts.

Particular attention should also be paid to equipping the pig farm and installing equipment. The costs of purchasing modern equipment will quickly pay off, as it will make it possible to organize the best conditions for keeping each pig and minimize the material costs of organizing a business.

Many pig farms in our country they have equipment that has already worked out its time and is considered morally obsolete. Often its age is more than 25 years, a lot of it is in a broken state, which inevitably leads to losses: wasted feed, high morbidity in animals, and so on.

During the modern organization of the maintenance of pigs and piglets as a business, almost absolute automation of the life-support process of the pig farm is implied. This is what you need to strive for.

How to choose a breed of pig

Today in the world there are more than a hundred breeds of pigs of various productivity. Therefore, before choosing the livestock of the future herd, decide and carefully think over the choice breeds, which will be the only or predominant pig breeding basis of your individual entrepreneur or private household.

Experts who have already gone through the path of development and starting a business of their pig farm, advise to start buying up to 300-400 pigs and pigs. Of which there are approximately 17 sows and 3 boars.Purchase the rest of the piglets for fattening and further implementationso that the business initially has income. The business plan of a pig farm must provide for this opportunity, but when there is not enough money for a one-time purchase of a significant number of pigs, then you can start with a small enterprise, developing thanks to your own producers.

Even before buying breeding animals, it is best to visit a couple of farms that are engaged in pig breeding, find out all the features of a particular individual, study the pedigrees over several generations, and take a closer look at the proposed young animals.

• As a result of this study, you will not allow closely related crossbreeding of animals.
• Productive qualities are inherited, and you can get a high-quality litter only from healthy and highly productive pigs.
• By purchasing for a pig tribe, you will make an investment in your business forward for several years. How your investment pays off will depend on which breed you buy.

Today, domestic farmers often stop their choice for running a business for fattening and breeding Vietnamese pigs; highly productive breeds are laid in the basis of the business plan. In fact, these animals have all the required qualities to get into a profitable and successful pig farm business plan:

• high profitability of keeping animals of the Vietnamese breed;
• multiplicity of sows;
• disease resistance;
• popularity among amateurs - this helps to excellent sales of young animals and meat products, as well as high profitability of the business;
• bacon performance direction.

Keeping pot-bellied Vietnamese herbivorous pigs as a business brings excellent profits, provided that these pigs are provided with the required conditions (spacious walk and a warm pigsty).

Pigs of the Siberian Northern and Large White breeds are also popular among pig breeders due to their numerous advantages and excellent adaptability to local climatic conditions.

Breeding and feeding

So that the economy of your pig farm does not give you big disappointments, the farm quickly becomes profitable and brings income, already at the stage of creating a business plan for a pig farm, you need to think well about the possibility of reducing the cost of feeding animals.

Only carefully balanced feed mixture, as well as feed formulated in the right ratio and quality for each specific age group of pigs will lead to a prosperous business and stable high incomes.

The same principle must be adhered to during reproduction and breeding of livestock. In this direction, it is necessary to carry out activities at a high level, purposefully, systematically and constantly.

To work with newborn piglets and sows, choose a responsible person who is familiar with all the nuances staff... At the same time, it is best to involve a livestock technician for work.

It is the specialists who have the necessary knowledge and experience in the field of pig breeding, who will be able to help prevent mistakes when choosing the time for mating pigs, helping animals during childbirth, caring for sows during pregnancy. And this will reduce the mortality of young animals and, accordingly, increase the profitability of your business.

Business plan financing calculation

To calculate the profitability of a pig farm, we will assume that the number of animals will be 300-400 pigs. For this livestock, you will need to prepare for a year approximately 32-37 tons of grain and 200-300 kg of various additives. A staff of 5-6 people is also required.

To reduce the cost of the fodder base, you can use your sown plots for growing potatoes, root crops, grain crops and other additives. Provide registration and receipt of these plots at the very beginning in business plan organizing your farm.

Calculating the financial costs and a detailed business plan for the pig farm, we assume that from 20 sows in a given herd, on average, 200 piglets can be obtained per farrowing. Farrowing takes place 2 times a year, which gives about 400 fattening pigs annually.

To keep them up to a live weight of 100 kg, you will incur the costs of fattening up to one year, taking into account the breed and the conditions created. In this case clean exit products will be 55-70 kg. We multiply this figure by the market value of 1 kg of meat and by the number of piglets raised, we will receive income for your business. It will be approximately 3,200,000 rubles annually.

From this amount, it is necessary to subtract the expenditure part (the cost of utilities, feed, transportation costs, workers' salaries, etc.) - we get an amount that denotes the net profit of the pig farm. It will be approximately 1 million rubles annually. With this profit business will pay for itself over the course of 2-3 years, and then it will start to bring a pretty good income.

Naturally, any pig breeder who decided to organize a business for breeding and fattening artiodactyls is obliged to carry out the above calculations himself, taking into account the prices and characteristics of the region where it will be based pig farm... Having received certain numbers, it is much easier to answer such an urgent question: is it necessary and profitable to engage in pig breeding.

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Raising pigs for meat is a good investment of money. Pork is a product in demand on the market. It is part of smoked bacon, sausages, it is used in the preparation of first and second courses, therefore, raising pigs at home as a business is very profitable.

Raising pigs for meat

It is possible to fatten piglets for meat at home using both self-prepared mash and professional feed of various classes.

A pig breeding business needs to be planned thoroughly, for this you need to take a responsible approach to the choice of breed, see photos and videos about pigs, and study the description.

Pig breeding as a business can be started without a lot of start-up capital. First, it is enough to have a few specimens for a test. As soon as it becomes clear that the business is to your liking, you can expand the economy and establish production.

Pros of raising pigs for meat

Pig business at home has its advantages:

1. Short gestation period. A sow's pregnancy lasts about 3 months. Piglets also do not feed on milk for a long time. Their period of infancy lasts 1-2 months.
2. Pigs are fertile animals. The sow gives birth to up to 10 babies at a time. A pig gives offspring up to 2-3 times a year, which means that 20-30 piglets per year are provided to the owner. This is a remarkable indicator when comparing pigs with goats, sheep, and cows.
3. Pigs gain weight quickly. If you feed them correctly, a piglet weighs about 100 kg in six months.
4. There is very little waste from the pigs after slaughter. Ready-made meat makes up 73% of the weight of the live pig. Other types of large and small livestock cannot boast of such a small percentage of waste.

The positive side of raising pigs

From the above, it can be seen that from a pig you can get offspring, which in adulthood will give more than 3,000 kg per year of pure meat product. Now it's worth going to the market and finding out the prices of meat. This will be the annual income from one individual.

Where to start growing

To open his own pig farm, the owner needs permission from the authorities. Also, the future owner will need start-up capital to buy and keep animals until a stable income from the business is established.

Cost items for a novice pig breeder are as follows:

1. Registration of a pig farm.
2. Purchase of feed.
3. Rent or purchase of a land plot and premises, if they are not available.
4. Purchase of special equipment.
5. Purchase of animals for breeding.

The most common form of ownership in this case is private enterprise. However, if the farm's livestock is less than 100 individuals, it can be omitted. It is more profitable to arrange this business as a personal farm. The advantage of this activity is that a small pig farm is a family business that does not require hiring employees.

Novice Pig Breeder Expenses

To spend less effort, it is better to conclude an agreement with the service station. This organization is engaged in the supply of fodder and the sale of meat products.

Before purchasing livestock, you need to draw up a business plan that takes into account the amount of initial capital, estimated income, sales markets. It is also worth considering whether the owner will sell the meat and lard in their original form, or they will be processed into sausages and other products right on the farm. In the second case, you need to estimate the possibilities of purchasing equipment.

It will depend on the volume of production how it is more profitable to arrange a business: as an individual entrepreneur or a private farm. To do this, it is best to consult with a competent lawyer or to study the relevant legislative framework yourself.

Pig farm organization

One of the main questions that arises before the owner of a pig herd is where to keep the animals? Of course, you can rent an old building of a suitable format in the neighborhood, renovate it or rebuild it, but this requires capital investments, rent payments, and competent legal assistance. This is the reason why many people choose to build a farm on their land. This will require a larger financial investment, but such a structure will be fully owned by the farmer. You can also immediately build it for yourself, taking into account all the systems and planning the necessary premises.

Pigs are undemanding animals, but this does not mean that the structure should be equipped somehow. If concrete or concrete structures are used in the construction of walls, they must be insulated, otherwise the animals will freeze and suffer from colds. It should not be colder than 12 ° C in the stable, it should be light, cleaned, and drafts should be avoided. If you immediately carry out water supply and sewerage, cleaning the premises will be easy, and timely cleaning is the key to a healthy livestock.

Pig farm

Pigs, despite popular belief, do not like dirt, therefore, so that cleaning and other moments of care do not take a lot of effort, you need to mount at least primitive automation.

Every month in the pigsty it is necessary to carry out processing, several times a week the room is ventilated. This eliminates disease-causing microorganisms. A room for mothers with children should also be provided in the pigsty, only then the business of any piglets at home will bring benefits. It must be warm, clean, and the air must be fresh.

Pig breed selection

Before purchasing a livestock, the owner must decide on the choice of the breed. They are all suitable for commercial cultivation, but each has its own characteristics that make it more beneficial under certain conditions.

Pig breeds

Pigs are raised, depending on the purpose. So, there is a division of all breeds into three types:

1. Greasy - Big Black and Berkshire.
2. Greasy meat - Big white and Duroc.
3. Bacon - Landrace and Tamworth.

The breed must be able to take root in the local climate. It is worth asking experienced breeders in the owner's region which breeds they prefer and why.

Piglets should be purchased for rearing at 2 months of age. By this age, they are already quite independent and do not need breast milk.

Piglet care

If the owner draws up the menu correctly and selects good quality feed, then the piglets will gain weight quickly and without problems. A healthy piglet at 2 months old should weigh 15-16 kg. If the weight is much less, raising the animal is not easy.If you plan to leave purchased pigs to the tribe, you need to carefully monitor the degree of their relationship. Pigs, even in distant relatives, will not give a full-fledged offspring. It is best to purchase pigs for a breed in different farms. You shouldn't skimp on buying animals.

Inexpensive individuals often do not meet breed standards and are not suitable for the tribe. Also, piglets bought cheaply often have a hidden defect or are infected with a disease. You should not even think about breeding such animals.

Breeding requires a boar and several females. If all these conditions are observed when purchasing animals for divorce, then soon the owner will receive healthy, fertile offspring, which means that his business will flourish.

Pig fattening

Pigs are bred to obtain various products from meat, which means that the owner is primarily interested in his wards gaining weight faster. It is necessary to feed animals, observing all the established standards, it is recommended to select a balanced diet. If the nutrition of animals is improperly organized, does not correspond to age, is not diverse, the meat product will not achieve the set goal. Fattening of any piglets for meat at home must be correct, the diet must be entrusted to be compiled by a competent specialist.

Pig feeding

Buying feed and properly feeding pigs for meat at home is an area of ​​activity in pig breeding, where even small savings can do more harm than good. The fattening of any pigs for meat at home should take place gradually, since the livestock will not gain weight at a rapid pace, and the pets' organism, weakened by improper nutrition, is susceptible to disease.

Sometimes the savings lead to the death of the livestock. Also, the taste of meat directly depends on the diet. So, when buying food for pigs and making pigs and a profitable business become interconnected concepts, it is worth following the adage "a cheapskate pays twice."

Sale of meat products

The sale of pig meat and products from it is usually not a problem. These products are popular with buyers. The only condition: all of them must be of good quality, then even the simplest business plan is doomed to success. The tastier the products, the more they are in demand in the market.

How profitable it is to sell pork depends on its quantity. If the farm is small, then it is better to buy a place in the nearest market or resort to the help of an intermediary, for example, a specialized store. You can also conclude a contract with a small cafe or restaurant, which willingly purchase quality meat for the kitchen.

If the farm is large, you should think about opening your own store. Meat can be sold in whole carcasses if an intermediary acts as the buyer. It is permissible to implement it in a cut form, if the owner is engaged in this. In certain conditions, pigs can also be sold live to the plant. Piglets usually go well, but some prefer to buy already adult animals - boars and sows. If the pig farm has a surplus of adults, this option should not be rejected outright. In addition, live sales do not require documents from the sanitation station, certificates of meat quality, labor for slaughtering animals and processing carcasses.

Meat products

If the farmer is planning to make pork products, the premises and equipment must be taken care of. The simplest thing is to build a smokehouse. Smoked bacon and meat are good for sale after something simple, they are more expensive, they are more waste-free than raw meat, they are stored longer.

Not only adults go to slaughter. Piglet meat (from 3-4 weeks from birth to 5-6 weeks) is highly prized among gourmets for its juiciness and tenderness. The main thing is to raise the livestock so that all the animals are healthy, and the meat and products from it are of high quality, then they will sell well.

Investment and return on business

Pig breeding as a home business should be carried out in several stages. A piglet turns into an adult in a period of about six months. If you feed pigs for meat correctly, at this age the animal can already be slaughtered: the profit received covers all costs, this is a direct way to succeed. As a result, the pig industry as a business has a net income of about 30% if the market situation is favorable for this.

From 100 kg of live weight, as a result of slaughter and subsequent processing, approximately 73 kg remains. The more a pig weighs, the more income the owner will receive as a result of its sale. Taking into account all the factors: leaving the pigs for the breeding, building a barn, buying livestock, feed, etc., the farm will pay for itself in 2 years. In terms of economic indicators, a two-year payback and 30% income characterize pig breeding and raising pigs as a profitable business and as one of the profitable sectors in agriculture.

Recommendations for beginners

Pig farming as a business should be built gradually. Before proceeding with the purchase of equipment and animals, you need to calculate whether the business and the breeding of pigs in general are profitable for the climatic zone and the region of residence, whether there are similar profitable farms nearby. It will not be superfluous to ask for advice on business in pigs from more experienced colleagues. Particular attention should be paid to the following points:

1. Write at least a short business plan that takes into account all expenses, including those that may arise unexpectedly.
2. The choice of a breed that is grown at home, depending on the purpose of cultivation and the climate.
3. Purchase of fodder for animal feeding.
4. Installation on a small automation farm.
5. Studying the vital activity of animals and planning care measures in accordance with this.

Pig breeding at home is a profitable branch of agriculture, but this does not mean that the farmer should invest all his money in it, without doing anything else. For a pig business, it is better to allocate initially small funds, and then, as profit is made, to develop this type of your farm. It is worth remembering that pig breeding requires not only money from a novice farmer, but also time that he will spend on caring for animals.

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At a minimum, the farmer should know how to properly feed a pig for meat, what diet to provide. Careless care, like an ill-conceived organization of life, can lead to the death of the livestock, and the meat industry will not make a profit. If you follow the simple rules for the care and raising of animals, take into account their diet, pig breeding at home is a profitable business that even novice and inexperienced farmers can develop.

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And in times of crisis and when the country is prosperous, people will buy meat. Roast, pies, dumplings, bacon - all this is popular with us. Calves are also raised, but not always at home it is possible to sell so much meat at once. It is much more profitable to make a pig business. Moreover, this business, even at home, is profitable.

Pig farming is a very profitable business

Why is it profitable to raise pigs

Why is it profitable to breed pigs as a business? At home, they keep both rabbits and sheep, etc., but it is the pigs that will bring profit. Why?

1. They gain kilograms faster than calves or sheep.If you feed these animals correctly, then already at the age of six months they weigh 100 kg, and they can be sent for meat. If a newly born piglet weighs 1.5 kg, then by the age of one week its weight almost doubles.
2. Pigs reproduce quickly and are very fertile.One sow brings about 12-15 piglets, but this is not the limit. When compared with cows or sheep, the numbers differ several times.
3. They do not suffer from dangerous diseases.
4. It does not take much time to feed the offspring. One sow gives 20-30 babies a year. Piglets develop in a short time: the sow bears offspring for 3 months or a little longer, then feeds them for a month or two. Piglets can already live without a mother at this early age.
5. Doesn't require a lot of feed. Piglets gain weight quickly and the amount of meat obtained from these animals is 4 times more than from cattle. And the pig eats about a third less than the rest, which are also bred for meat. The pig's body can maximally assimilate the food it receives, i.e. about a third of all those substances that it receives with food. Whereas the same chicken assimilates only a fifth of the feed.
6. The slaughter yield of meat is high. Keeping pigs for meat is also beneficial because they have little waste - about 15%, while cows have at least 40%.
7. The meat of these animals is in demand. In Russia and a number of other countries, pork is a favorite dish, so it will not be difficult to sell the product.

As we can see, pig farming is profitable as a business. But this is only if you follow all the rules for keeping animals at home.

Piglets gain weight 4 times faster than calves

What you need to breed pigs

Pig breeding as a business will be profitable if all the necessary conditions are provided to the pigs at home. Initial costs are indispensable. Therefore, you should first draw up a business plan for breeding pigs. Then compare the costs of growing and the estimated profit and, focusing on prices, weigh everything. What do you need to create your own pig farm at home?

Pig farming requires capital investment like any other business.

Piglets

It doesn't matter if you want to build a farm or plan to raise pigs at home, before buying it is worth reading about the advantages or disadvantages of different breeds of pigs. They are all divided into:

• bacon;
• greasy;
• greasy meat.

There are a lot of pig breeds, but the most common in Russia is the white large. This breed produces both meat and lard. A one-year-old boar gains 350 kg a year, and a female - 250. If the diet is correctly calculated at home, then this is not the limit, animals can be even larger.

White large is one of the most popular breeds.

It is better to buy piglets at 2 months old, strong, healthy. At this age, the weight of a piglet is 15 -16 kg, but if its weight is not more than 6, then it is only a month old. What to look for when choosing a pig:

• weight;
• mobility;
• whether the piglet is breathing evenly;
• the bristles are shiny;
• the patch, mouth and membranes near the eyes are pink;
• eyes - mobile, all the time "running";
• piglets grab food in their mouths instead of sucking it in.

Premises

Even if you breed pigs at home, raising these animals is impossible without a place where you will keep them. Pigs are unpretentious, but they need warmth and cleanliness. It is necessary to build at least a barn for them.

The shed should not be built of reinforced concrete or concrete, because it will be cold in winter.

The optimum temperature for keeping animals is 18-20 degrees, but it is desirable that it does not drop below 11 degrees.

The pigsty should be comfortable for its inhabitants

So that animals do not damage their hooves, the floor is not made hard, from a thick board. It is made at an angle so that the urine drains into a special trough near the wall. Then there will be no problems with cleaning the room. If sanitary conditions are not followed, the animals will be constantly sick. We will also have to install pens for pigs, drinkers and feeders. One pig has 3 square meters of area. It is advisable that a walk was built in front of the barn.

Feeding

If you want to start a pig raising business, you cannot skimp on feed.It is from a balanced diet that determines whether the animals will gain weight. Also, the quality of the feed is reflected in the taste of the meat. There are three categories of feed that can be fed to a pig at home.

It is better to use feed categories 1 and 2 or combine them.

Put feeds of the third category occasionally and completely exclude them a couple of months before slaughtering the pig, so that the meat does not lose its taste.

1. Feed of the first category: grain (wheat, rye, barley), peas, beans, beets, carrots.
2. Second category feed: clover, alfalfa and other herbs.
3. Feed of the third category: corn, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat bran, beet molasses, potato pulp, etc.

If it is necessary to increase the meat, the pig is fed with green fodder, and to increase the fat, they give root crops, potatoes, barley and corn.

Corn promotes weight gain

Other expenses

If you want a profit from the pig breeding business, you will have to purchase the highest quality feed. But, when making a business plan for raising pigs, remember that there will be other costs as well. So, the animals will have to do the necessary vaccinations, and going to the veterinarian now also costs money, like the vaccines themselves.

It's one thing if you breed animals at home, for yourself and for selling meat to neighbors and friends. Then this is an ordinary household farm.

But if you keep 100-200 pigs, this is already a mini-farm that needs to be registered as an enterprise and pay taxes on it.

It is better to make an individual entrepreneur, which does not require a lot of effort and money, and then taxes are collected according to a simplified scheme. In addition, you cannot keep track of such an economy alone, so you will have to hire people and pay them wages. Raising pigs at home will be a good way to make money if you calculate everything and find companions who will supply feed or accept ready-made products. Even at home, raising piglets is beneficial, because fresh meat has always been in the price, and buying it in the store is a significant part of the family budget.

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The lack of significant capital investments and stable profits make pig breeding at home for beginners a very popular activity.

The demand for pork is consistently high, so many people want to try to breed these artiodactyls to get not only fresh meat, but also to earn money.

Is it profitable to keep pigs, where to start breeding, how to care for them and what is generally needed for this? With these and many other questions, we will help you figure it out.

How to equip a pigsty

How to start breeding pigs? Of course, with the search for a suitable room in which you need to create conditions. Especially responsibly you need to approach this matter if you plan to breed pigs for sale in the future.

Room planning

The walls of a pigsty, in which it is planned to raise pigs for meat or sell live weight, should be made of non-moisture-consuming and heat-insulating materials that will keep warm in winter.

Building materials such as:

• wood;
• brick;
• porous gas blocks;
• cinder blocks;
• rubble stone.

The inside of the wall can be plastered and whitewashed or planked. The pigsty must maintain suitable microclimatic conditions for keeping the pigs. The attic must be insulated, and the floors can be filled with concrete or assembled from planks. In the outer walls, we need manholes with dimensions of 70x70 cm, through which animals can get to the outdoor area for walking.

Conditions of detention

The hardest part is raising young pigs, which need more comfortable conditions. Purchased piglets need to be left in a quarantine room for a week to identify sick individuals in the early stages of development.

Youngsters need to be grown at an ambient temperature of 18-22 degrees and humidity above 70-80%.

Piglets should be kept in warm rooms free from dampness and drafts so that they can grow stronger.

The pig house should be kept clean and the animals should be allowed to walk outside. Change the water as often as possible, and clean the troughs after each feed. The pigsty requires disinfection treatment every month.

Pigsty lighting

The correct technology for raising pigs involves providing sufficient natural light indoors. Sunlight has a beneficial effect on the development of individuals. During the winter months, when daylight hours are shortened, artificial lighting is required.

Nursing females need lighting for 18 hours a day at an illumination level of about 15 lux, while fattening females need lighting of 5-6 lux for 12 hours.

Ventilation of the room

In the pigsty, you need to equip a ventilation system that will remove the processed air from the room, and instead drive in fresh air from the street.

Keeping pigs on a small scale is possible with a home-made ventilation system, and for breeding on a larger scale, industrial equipment will be required.

The main thing is not to forgetthat drafts are dangerous for piglets and young animals, therefore ventilation should not be too powerful. Optimal conditions for growing pigs are created with an air handling unit with performance regulation.

Which breed is better

To organize a home farm, you need not only to study and comply with the conditions for breeding pigs, but also to buy suitable livestock. All domestic pigs are divided into three categories, depending on the meat:

1. Bacon... Their meat contains the most layers of fat, but there is no layer of fat.
2. Greasy meat... They have premium lard, but also eat meat.
3. Meat-greasy... Mainly meat is obtained from them.

In Russia, about three dozen breeds of different categories are in demand, and among themselves they differ in terms of cultivation, meat quality and weight. When determining the breed of pigs in the backyard, be guided not by the specifics, but by the market demand in the region:

1. Large white. This breed was brought from England, but our selectors have made a significant contribution to the current appearance of animals. Competent breeding of white pigs allows individuals to gain 100 kg of weight in 7 months, and the mass of adult boars reaches 350 kg and females up to 250 kg. The breed is classified as meat-greasy.
2. In the bacon category, the most popular breed in the Russian Federation is the breed called Landrace. Animals gain a hundred kilograms in about six months, and the maximum weight is 300 kg for males and 220 for females.
3. It is difficult to single out the most popular breed among the lard-meat, since there are many of them. Among them is a large black one. Pigs gain a centner in 6-7 months, reaching a maximum weight of 310 kg for boars and 215 kg for sows.

If you are interested in raising pigs for the purpose of obtaining dietary meat, pay attention to the Pietrain breed. This pork contains less fat, and the animals themselves do not require any special care.

How to feed pigs

How to feed pigs for rapid growth - this question is asked by all beginners. If pig breeding is a business for you, it is better not to save on feed. A balanced diet is the main factor affecting the weight gain of individuals, and the taste of meat also depends on the quality of the feed.

There are three categories of food in total, but we recommend using the first and second, or a combination of them.

It is not recommended to fatten with fodder of the third category, otherwise the meat will lose its taste. You can add it to the diet in rare cases, and exclude it altogether 2-3 months before slaughter. The feeds differ in composition among themselves:

1. Category I feeds are wheat, barley, rye, beans, peas, carrots and beets.
2. Category II includes alfalfa, clover and other herbs.
3. III category of feed consists of potatoes, corn, wheat bran, beet molasses, buckwheat, etc.

More green fodder promotes meat build-up, while root vegetables, corn and barley increase the fat layer. Thus, everyone decides for himself what is the best way to feed the pigs.

How and when to feed

From 1.5-2 months, the piglet is ready for intensive fattening. During the first 6-8 months, each of them should gain 100-120 kg. For each individual, about 400 kg of feed will be spent for this. The peculiarities of pig breeding require feeding piglets five times a day up to 3-4 months, after which they switch to four meals a day. The main thing after feeding is to clean the feeders from food debris.

Pigs are considered omnivores, but the quality of the feed used will affect the meat, so we do not recommend feeding them table leftovers.

You need to include in the diet vegetables with fruits, a variety of grains and root crops. Additionally, you need to buy feed containing valuable trace elements.

Piglets up to 4-5 months are fed with boiled root crops with the addition of ground wheat and herbs (legume tops, nettles). Milk whey is mixed into the feed, and from the additives, 10 g of salt per day and a spoonful of ferrous sulfate are recommended (dissolve 2.5 g in 1 liter of water).

From the eighth month, animals fatten up, so it is recommended to add more legumes, fatty waste and zucchini to the diet, and the daily dose of salt is increased to 40 g.

Large-scale breeding of pigs per tribe will increase income if you grow feed yourself, and it is more profitable to buy ready-made food on small pig farms.

Features of keeping pigs in winter

The care and breeding of pigs in winter has certain characteristics that you should be aware of. To prevent the animals from freezing and getting sick, the premises need to be insulated and heated. It is recommended to drink them with warm water, and the feeding method is also different. Due to the lack of seasonal greens, more food waste, compound feed and bran should be added to the diet, also not forgetting about salt.

Often novice farm owners are interested in how to feed pigs to grow better?

Experts recommend in the warm season, harvest nettles and dry them for the winter. It is useful and nutritious for animals, especially in the cold season with a lack of vitamins.

Breeding pigs

Now let's find out, is it profitable to breed pigs for sale? It all depends on the seriousness of your approach. If you learn how to breed animals correctly, it will turn into a fairly profitable business. Physiological maturity in females occurs at 8-9 months, and at 11-14 the first offspring is possible. For it to be good, you need a sow weighing more than 100 kg, with at least 12 formed teats.

For one farrowing, the female brings up to 14 piglets (depending on the breed), and each of them is your profit. Whether this is a profitable business will depend on the demand and average prices for the breed being bred in a particular region.

To prepare the sow for gestation, enrich the diet with milk waste, lush green grass and compound feed. Use hay instead of green in winter.... When the pig becomes restless, refuses food and grunts characteristically, this indicates the onset of sexual heat.

After 10-12 hours, you need to organize a mating with a boar or carry out artificial insemination, and after the same time interval, repeat the procedure. After 17 days, you need to observe the female. If the symptoms of sexual heat recur, the sow is not fertilized, and the process must be repeated (it is better to choose a different boar). We told you how to breed pigs, but this is not the most difficult thing in breeding them.

How to care for new born piglets

Piglets that are born require special attention. What is needed here is not the usual care of pigs, but more reverent and attentive. The nursing female also needs extra attention. After farrowing, you need to give her a liter of water, and after another six hours, completely satisfy her need for fluid.

On the first day, the female needs to be given a liquid mixture of wheat bran or oat flour, and after a week, root vegetables should be introduced into the diet - they will ensure the flow of milk. After farrowing, you will have to give food to the pig three times during the day at regular intervals.

As for the piglets, each of them after farrowing needs to be wiped off, rinsed with patches, ears and mouth, processed a cut of the umbilical cord and burned with iodine.

Pig breeding is serious business. An important role is played by the obligatory establishment of contact between the piglets and the mother during the first 45 minutes (each of them must be brought to the nipples). If this is not done, the female will not accept them.

Calculating the profitability of pig breeding

Now let's find out whether it is profitable to keep pigs for sale and how much does it cost to raise a pig? To calculate the profitability, let's take a small pig farm of 50 heads.

Each pig costs about $ 40, which means that it will take $ 2,000 in total. Each individual will need 100 kg of compound feed and 180 kg of grain annually, that is, you will spend $ 170-200 per month on feed. In part, the profitability of raising pigs depends on the quality of the feed, so do not save too much.

In about six months, the pigs will gain almost 100 kg. With 50 heads, you can leave 3-4 for breeding, and sell the rest for meat. With them, you will receive a profit of about 10-15 thousand dollars.

At first glance, raising pigs as a business seems to be a very profitable business, but take into account the costs of salary to working personnel, utilities, purchase of equipment and feed, and as a result, one pig will have a net profit of 750-800 rubles per month.

With all this in mind, decide for yourself whether a pig breeding business is profitable or not.

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