How to grow apple seedlings from a cut branch?

The apple tree is one of the hard-to-root trees.

But there are methods and ways, thanks to which it is still possible to obtain positive results.

It uses fogging devices, root formation stimulants, and much more.

All this allows you to receive varietal trees on their roots.

But not all apple varieties have the same rooting ability. There are varieties that take root easily, others have an average rooting rate, and there are those that are difficult to root.

IMPORTANT! The apple trees obtained in this way retain all the best properties of the mother plants.

Gardeners are also attracted by the fact that in case of damage by frost or rodents
top of the tree, the tree can be revived by propagating by root shoots, it turns out an apple tree from a branch of an apple tree.

Watch a video on how to get root shoots:

The root system of such rooted apple trees is not located deeply, which allows them to be grown in areas with a close occurrence of soil waters.

True, this is the arrangement of the roots leads to their greater sensitivity to dryness, frost, to the presence of weeds. At the same time, they are more responsive to plant care measures.

Is it possible to grow an apple tree from a branch?

Growing an apple tree from a branch - efficient method, thanks to which the gardener can independently grow the fruiting tree of interest to him.

And thus rejuvenate your old but beloved apple tree, multiply your favorite variety, revive a tree affected by frost or rodents from your garden.

The issue of the reproduction of apple trees was studied by I.V. Michurin. Air layering method invented by him.

At present, a variety of methods are known for growing apple trees from branches. Among them there are methods of reproduction by layering, moreover, both drop-in, the correct selection of methods, and air.

In areas with harsh climates, they even grow obliquely planted trees, which makes it easier bend down to root a branch.

Apple trees are specially planted with a slope to form rooted branches.

Gardens are also known (for example, in Kazakhstan), where the branches of a young tree are buried in both directions for 2-3 years. In this case, the branches become essentially a rhizome.

Described by N.I. Kurdyumov obtained in this way undersized gardens... According to this technique, the branches of the apple tree are rooted by the method of layering, and then the branch is rooted again in the young tree and further, further.

This is how a kind of "garden-tree" is formed. And these trees are undersized.
Known methods of growing apple trees and from root suckers.

How to properly grow an apple tree from a branch (method)

Growing seedlings in spring

In the spring, rooting is possible by such layering methods as "dropping", "air cutting". And also the rooting of green cuttings.

For propagation of apples by layering you need a young tree, planted in the fall at an angle... Its branches should touch the ground.

In the spring, the selected branch is tightly pinned to the ground in several places with special staples.

Shoots sprout from the buds... They huddle several times throughout the summer, if necessary, add earth, and water.

This method is suitable for areas with arid climates. It can be strengthened by making cuts in the bark or by removing the bark ring, but not completely.

In autumn

So by the fall, it is already possible to get young, well-rooted seedlings... But only in the spring can they be separated from the mother tree with pruning shears.

This is followed by disembarkation to a permanent place. This form of growing apple trees is also called stanza or stanza-bush.

Attention! It is impossible to get seedlings from an adult tree by this method. Therefore, in this case, the reproduction method is used

air layering

... This method is considered to be more productive. And it's not that time consuming.

Air layering

In practice, the process of how to grow an apple tree from branches goes like this:

• strong branches with good growth are selected on the tree;
• just below the start of the growth of this year's shoot peel off the bark ring 1-3 cm in size; (May - June: this place is clearly visible);
• but it is possible instead to make several oblique notches around the branch - in this case, when unfavorable arid conditions occur, the branch will not stop feeding;
• the site of injury to the branch is treated with special preparationsstimulating root formation, for example, "Kornevin";
• the kidneys in the middle of the bag must be blinded;
• then it is covered with wet moss, raw rotten sawdust; you can add a little humus; moisture - medium, total - about a glass;
• from above you need to put on a bag and tie it on the palm below the incision site or use a cut plastic bottle; wrap with newspapers (protect from the sun);
• roots should be formed by autumn;
• this part of the branch with roots must be separated from the tree and planted for the winter in a covering trench;
• in cases difficulty in rooting - when planting such cuttings in the ground in the spring, we will get excellent rooting.

Watch the video on air layering rooting, the experience of the professionals:

Important! Root suckers can also be rooted by layering, but in the case of a grafted mother plant, the resulting young seedlings will only be suitable as a rootstock, since grow from the place below the vaccination.
And only in the case of a self-rooted tree, the root shoots will have the properties of a varietal apple tree.

Rooting green cuttings

Good results are obtained by rooting of green cuttings: from May to the end of August.

The technique is as follows:

• are cut cuttings with leaves about 30 cm long;
• it is better to cut it in the morning, immediately proceeding to planting;
• the middle part is cut from the handle - there should be 3 kidneys;
• bottom cut - right under the kidney, the bottom sheet is cut;
• the upper cut is just above the kidney;
• The remaining 2 leaves are shortened by halfsince there is strong evaporation of moisture;
• a small greenhouse is made directly on the garden bed or in a container, box;
• a layer of nutrient soil is poured, on top - a layer of wet sand 4-5 cm thick;
• cut cuttings are planted in the sand by 1-2 cm (lower internode);
• arcs from rods are installed as a support for the film;
• everything is hermetically covered with a film;
• 2 times a week, the greenhouse opens slightly and the cuttings are sprayed with water;
• the greenhouse is located in the lacy shade of a tree or at the north wall of the house.

Watch the video on how to root green cuttings correctly:

In case of use for reproduction woody cuttings apple trees in autumn or winter use other methods.

There are several of them:

• method of rooting cuttings in water;
• rooting at home in soil consisting of a mixture of 1 part of soil for flowers, 3 parts of straw;
• rooting of cuttings in a plastic bag: the bottom of the bag is cut off, holes are punched, it is filled with soil-drip irrigation through fabric ropes;
• rooting in potatoes: the stalk is stuck into a potato, which is dug into the ground; watering is provided and covered with a jar.

There is a method that stimulates the processes of concentration of hormonal growth substances in future cuttings. And if you create favorable conditions in the branches, the processes of root formation will turn on.

Important! These processes should begin before the start of the movement of juices in the tree, no later than 2 months, that is, in winter.

This requires:

• pick up a sufficiently ripe branch on the apple tree; her wood must be one to two years old;
• the twig must be broken - a fracture to the core, a "closed fracture", the bark must not be damaged; but a partial fracture is also possible;
• if the branch is long enough, break it in 2-3 places; you should get cuttings of 15-20 centimeters; it is possible to wrap it first, and then break it;
• the fracture site is fixed in a bent state (tied to a stick, wire), wrapping it with a plaster, electrical tape and leave it until spring;

Important! During this period, the apple tree will send growth substances necessary for fusion to the site of injury;

• we remove the bandage in March - April; the branch is cut at the fracture sites;
• the resulting cuttings are placed in an opaque or dark dish of 2 liters, filled with rain or melt water about 6 cm, plus a couple of tablets of activated carbon, placed on the windowsill;
• about 3 weeks later callus thickening will appear, then root growth will begin;
  when the roots reach 6 cm, they are inplanted in open ground; it is advisable to make a greenhouse, shade, water; the resulting seedlings will begin to grow rapidly.

Watch a video about rooting an apple tree, tips from an experienced gardener:

Selection and preparation of a branch for layering

The choice and preparation of a branch for a layering or cutting also needs to be given attention, as this also affects the result.

We choose a healthy branch, fruit, there should be no branches on it... Its location should be sunny. Such requirements will be met by branches 2 - 3 years old, in diameter with a pencil.

After removing the bark ring from the branch, it is necessary to remove the fruit buds located above. Such a branch is ready for layering.

Advice! For grafting, do not take fattening shoots. Side, not very powerful branches are suitable. It is also good to leave a piece of a branch on which the future stalk grows.

Cut off green cuttings in the morning.

Pick up a broken or cut branch?

When an apple tree is propagated by branches, in the matter of breaking off or cutting off a branch for a cutting, the prevailing opinion is that it is preferable to break off a branch with a "heel".

Such a stalk will take root better. An incision is made on the branch, then break off in this place.

"Heel" if necessary cleaned, shortened and even split into 2-4 parts to increase the surface of root formation.

Conclusion

Considering that the apple tree is still a hard-to-root tree, the developed methods do not always give a 100% positive result.

But the correct selection of a method suitable for climatic conditions, strict monitoring of the degree of moistening of the branches, accuracy in the implementation of measures for rooting of the selected living material is undoubtedly will give a positive result.

Useful Tips

Own-rooted apple trees do not require special care.

Getting a varietal apple tree from a branch.

And if such trees already grow on the site, it is worth propagating them, having received young apple trees from root cuttings. Moreover, all the properties of this variety are preserved.

Garden apple seedlings are sold nowadays almost on every corner. It seems, what problems, choose, buy and plant. Unfortunately, however, you cannot trust the sellers, especially on the side of the roads, and the likelihood that in a few years we will taste the wrong apples, which we wanted, is very high. It is safer to grow an apple tree on your own "from scratch", especially since it is not particularly difficult.

How to grow apple seedlings yourself

Unfortunately, growing an apple tree of the desired variety in a very easy way, as is done in the case of shrubs (currants, raspberries, strawberries), will not work. Rarely is this event complete without a vaccination. But you can learn to plant fruit trees in just 10 minutes! And cuttings of the variety you like can always be taken from a neighbor in the country - amateur gardeners never refuse such requests. But what to do next with this branch, where to graft it? But for this, you just need a seedling, not necessarily varietal, but with certain characteristics. Let's look at where to get it or how to grow it yourself.

In his youth, the author of these lines bought 3 seedlings, they were sold as apple trees of different varieties, but they all turned out to be Melba. Now he trusts only self-made vaccinations.

There are several ways to grow an apple tree sapling yourself.

The best rootstocks (trees on which good varieties of apple trees are grafted) are about a dozen old varieties:

• in the central and central black earth regions of Russia:
  • Antonovka ordinary;
  • Anisovka;
  • Grushovka Moscow;
  • Cinnamon striped;
• in the North Caucasus:
  • Borovinka;
  • Astrakhan red;
  • Revel's pear tree;
  • Pepin is Lithuanian.

In addition, an excellent option is the wild apple tree - a vigorous stock. It is used in Ukraine, Belarus, the central black earth regions of Russia, the Middle Volga region. The compatibility with cultivars is very good, the ecological sustainability is sufficient in most areas.

The apple tree of the Kitayka variety is also successfully used in this capacity. It is used in the middle zone, the Volga region, the Urals. In terms of winter hardiness, it surpasses the wild forest apple and seedlings of cultivated varieties. However, it is not compatible with all trees.

Photo gallery: the best varieties of apple trees for rootstock

Planting an apple tree with seeds

In the central and northern regions, apple seeds are most often sown in spring. The seed material of most rootstocks is prepared from well-developed ripe fruits with their technical processing in a cold way. The seeds are dried in the shade, sprinkled on a sparse cloth or gauze. In cold weather, they are placed in a dryer at a temperature of 25–35 ° C. Long-term storage is possible only at low humidity.

Seed viability is determined by accelerated germination. They are placed on filter paper in a Petri dish and kept for 15–18 days at room temperature. In living seeds, the cotyledons swell, open and turn green, and the growth of the primary root can begin. Dead specimens rot.

Seeds are prepared for germination in a swollen state with free access of air and temperatures from 0 to 10 ° C. The seed is fully prepared for germination, in which the primary root has parted the seed covers, but has not moved beyond their boundaries. If during autumn sowing there are no conditions for high-quality preparation of seed material, they are stratified and sown in spring.

The sequence of actions when growing an apple seedling with seeds is as follows:

1. The seeds are mixed in a 1: 3 ratio with sand or sawdust, moistened and placed in the refrigerator.Control over the preparation of seed material for germination is carried out by test germination, which begins one month before sowing.
2. For a better development of future roots, the prepared seeds are brought into a warm room in advance, samples are taken every day, the tips of the roots that have begun to grow are cut off with a sharp knife or razor blade.
3. Then they are taken out on ice and kept at 0 ° C until sowing.
4. In summer cottages, seeds are sown in furrows, the planting depth is from 3 to 5 cm. Sprinkle with soil, watered well, lightly tamped and mulched with dry humus or just dry soil.
5. When the seedlings reach 4–5 cm in height, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving the plants at a distance of 6–8 cm from one another.

The soil is loosened several times per season, and during irrigation, after each watering. The depth of loosening is 6–8 cm. Seedlings are fed mainly on poor podzolic soils 2-3 times during the summer with full mineral or only nitrogen fertilization.

You can grow seedlings from seeds and at home in pots, almost like seedlings of vegetable crops.

It is necessary to dig up and replant the rootstocks to a permanent place in the fall. Before digging, the leaves, if they have not yet flown, are cut off. The trees are planted in the planting holes in the usual way.

Young apple seedlings are thinned out when their growth reaches 4–5 cm

Video: do-it-yourself apple tree from seeds

Growing apple seedlings from root cuttings

Growing rootstocks from root cuttings is a backup method, sometimes used in the middle and northern zones. Cuttings are prepared from root scraps. Their optimal length is 8–12 cm, thickness is 5–10 mm. The roots are harvested in the fall, stored in the sand and kept in a cellar. Cuttings from the roots can be cut in winter, and they are planted at the same time as the seeds are sown.

The technology of work includes several stages:

1. Two weeks before planting, the cuttings are placed in a box with the upper ends (those that were closer to the trunk) in one direction, sprinkled with sawdust and moistened.
2. The box is placed in a warm room obliquely so that the upper ends of the cuttings are directed upwards.
3. Buds are formed on the cuttings, then shoots of shoots begin to grow. The samples are ready for planting in the ground when the rudimentary shoots have reached 1 cm.
4. Cuttings are planted vertically in grooves, at a distance of 5–6 cm from one another. The upper ends of the rootstocks should be flush. The seeding depth is approximately 1.5–2 cm from the top end to the soil surface.
5. Then the bed is gently watered.
6. Some cuttings give not one, but several shoots. When sorting, the best is left, and the rest are cut with a pruner.

Since in the first two to three weeks many cuttings do not yet have new roots, at this time it is necessary to especially carefully monitor the soil moisture. The rest of the care (loosening, weeding), and then the digging and replanting are usual. Root stocks from root cuttings are of a higher quality than from seeds, since they have more branched roots.

Video: obtaining apple seedlings from root cuttings

How to get an apple tree sapling from a branch

Industrial propagation of clonal seedlings, that is, those retaining the characteristics of parental varieties, is carried out mainly by the method of vertical layering in a special mother plant. At your summer cottage, this approach can be used only for the sake of experiment. But the desired variety will be immediately obtained, without vaccination. Although, if you already have it, then why do you need a second tree of the same kind? Well, perhaps only to rejuvenate your apple tree, whose life is already coming to an end. In addition, not all varieties of apple trees take root well, so the success of such an event is not at all guaranteed.

The so-called method of air layering was invented by I.V. Michurin. However, its reliability when used by non-specialists is not very high; it is probably not worth recommending it to ordinary summer residents. Much simpler is the method with digging in branches.

For the reproduction of an apple tree with dripped layers, a very young tree is required, planted in the fall not quite vertically, or a little older, but with strongly drooping branches. Some of its branches should reach the ground. In the spring, one of the branches is tightly pulled to the ground in several places. This can be done, for example, with thick wire staples. New shoots soon grow from the buds on the branch. They are huddled several times per season, often watered. The best way to water is by sprinkling.

In spring, an apple tree branch is fixed in the ground with brackets.

Roots on layering under favorable soil moisture conditions are formed within 1–2 months after hilling. For better rooting of the cuttings, it is very important to maintain sufficient soil moisture in the place where the branches "land" during the summer.

Important! Layers are separated in late autumn, but it is better to wait until spring. Cut off with a sharp pruner.

Growing an apple tree from green cuttings

We know that most shrubs reproduce easily with green cuttings. Unfortunately, with an apple tree it turns out much worse, and an ordinary summer resident most often fails. The fact is that it is difficult to create a suitable atmosphere in the greenhouse to ensure the rooting of green cuttings.

In large agricultural enterprises, this method is sometimes used. Green cuttings are rooted in special nurseries under a film shelter, in which water is finely sprayed from the water supply through special sprayers under pressure, and thus the plants are constantly moistened and not overheated.

Nurseries are arranged on a flat, well-drained area, not clogged with perennial, hard-to-eradicate weeds. The soil in the nursery consists of two layers: the lower one is drainage, the upper one is a mixture of peat crumb with sand (2: 1).

The preparation of cuttings includes the following steps:

1. Shoots on the mother liquor are cut off at the beginning of lignification. In the middle lane, cuttings of apple tree rootstocks can be cooked from the second half of May to the end of June.
2. Cut shoots in plastic bags are brought to the nursery and there they are cut into cuttings that have two eyes with leaves. The herbaceous top of the shoot is discarded.
3. Cuttings are kept in water immediately after cutting, and then planted in a nursery.

Apple cuttings are kept in water until they are planted in the ground

They are placed vertically and the lower ends are buried into the ground by no more than 1–2 cm. Artificial fog is created by pressure in the water supply system or by a special pump. Humidification should not be excessive. At temperatures above 35 ° C, the film is slightly lifted from the leeward side (for cooling).

Apple cuttings take root in 15–40 days. As a rule, an indicator of rooting is the growth of new shoots from the axillary buds of the cuttings (usually from the top). After that, the nursery is gradually opened to harden the cuttings. Plants grow up to 20-30 cm in height and develop a branched root system. In the fall, they are dug up and stored in a pit until spring. In areas with mild winters, cuttings can be planted in the ground in the fall.

Video: some ways to grow seedlings

Care of young seedlings in the early years

The main task of agricultural technology in the first year is to ensure good survival rate and readiness of the planted seedlings for grafting by loosening the soil, combating weeds, pests and diseases. Loosening of the soil begins at the earliest possible date. You can vaccinate in the summer by budding or next spring (with a whole cuttings).

In the northern regions, budding is recommended to start in mid-June and end in early August. In the middle zone, it is possible to oculate from June 20 to mid-August. Well-developed shoots (not shorter than 30 cm), with developed eyes, growing in a zone of good lighting of the tree, are taken on cuttings for budding from varietal apple trees. Complete lignification of the tops of the cuttings is not necessary, however, it is important that the shoots have a normal bark color and developed buds.

Budding is carried out as follows:

1. Leaves are immediately removed from cut cuttings, leaving the base of the petioles up to 1.5 cm long.
2. At rootstocks intended for budding, the lower parts of the stems are cleaned from the ground and washed.
3. For budding on cuttings, developed eyes are chosen.
4. They are cut off with a piece of bark - a shield 2–2.5 cm long. The shield has a thin layer of wood, but it can be without it.
5. The shield is inserted into a T-shaped incision in the rootstock bark made in the lower part of its stem.

In most regions, rootstocks are eyed at the level of the root collar or higher by 5–8 cm, in the non-chernozem zone of the middle band - up to 20 cm.

For budding from varietal apple trees, well-developed shoots are taken (not shorter than 30 cm)

A polyethylene film is widely used as a strapping material, you can use an insulating tape with the back side. It is applied in coils, usually closing the peephole. The strapping is done from top to bottom, covering the entire incision in the bark, and the end of the film is tied at the bottom. The quality of fusion of eyes with rootstocks is determined after 8-15 days. The established eye is recognized by its fresh appearance, the greenish color of the scutellum bark, and the slight fall of the petiole. If the healing quality is good, the dressing is usually removed; if the fusion is still insufficient, the bandage is reapplied. In most cases, the grafted rootstocks are cut by eye, that is, on the grafted kidney. The cut is oblique, at an angle of 30 ° to the soil surface, ends above the grafted bud by 2-3 mm, the cut is covered with garden pitch.

Spring grafting by cutting is used on well-developed rootstocks, which do not have a grafted eye, or it has died. Cuttings are cooked in winter or early spring before bud break. One-year-olds from spring grafting with a cuttings turn out to be normal only at the early stages of its implementation - before or at the beginning of sap flow. The main methods of spring grafting: in the side cut and behind the bark with a thorn. They are well documented in the gardening literature.

Careful care is carried out during the summer, and by the fall, annual seedlings with an average height of 40-50 cm grow from the grafts. Annuals of the apple tree branch weakly, but most varieties, especially with strong growth, give lateral (summer) shoots. Summer shoots located too low, in the area of ​​the seedling trunk, are removed. Usually they are broken out of the leaf axils at the very beginning of growth. Shoots located in the area of ​​the future crown are left to grow freely.

During the summer, 5–8 soil loosening is carried out. On poor podzolic soils, annuals are fed with ammonium nitrate in the first half of summer. They are engaged in the formation of the crown of the future apple tree in the second year.

Video: how to make an apple tree budding

Protection of apple seedlings from diseases and pests

The trunks of newly planted trees should be mulched and watered, pest and disease control should be carried out, etc. Protection of young seedlings differs little from measures to ensure the safety of fruit-bearing trees. True, it is much easier to protect them from being eaten by mice or hares in winter.

In late autumn, almost all gardeners tie the trunks with old nylon tights to protect them from rodents. The effect is wonderful!

Apple tree strapping saves the tree from rodents

As for the rest, it is unlikely that in the first year of your pet's life the troubles that plague adult trees will overcome. And you certainly do not need to think about protection from the moth! Fruits on it are not expected for a couple of years. But young trees are very seriously annoyed by various types of aphids. Among the diseases, scab is most often attacked if it is already in your garden.

Briefly, the general method of protecting an apple orchard is, first of all, to ensure that the trees are fed, watered, properly cut, the tree trunks are loosened and not overgrown with weeds. Then, with a small degree of infection, the apple tree will cope on its own.If it does not work out, you can first help her with folk remedies, spraying with infusions of plants with insecticidal and fungicidal properties (tobacco, onion husks, garlic, celandine, etc.). Ordinary wood ash helps a lot. And only as a last resort, especially in a young garden, should chemical control agents be used.

Onion husk solution - a proven remedy for protecting apple trees from pests

So, before budding, spraying a young apple tree with Nitrafen acts as a "heavy artillery". At the beginning of budding - copper sulfate (or better - Bordeaux liquid) or Karbofos. During the summer, in the event of an aphid or apple moth invasion, it is better to help the seedlings with biological products - Lepidocid, Bitoxibacillin and similar, relatively harmless "medicines". But it is better, while the apple tree is very small, to do with ash and soap solutions and onions and garlic.

Lepidocide - a gentle agent for the fight against caterpillars

Preparing apple seedlings for winter

Along with the usual work in the garden, there are those whose purpose is to protect the seedlings from winter damage. Whitewashing of boles and skeletal branches is used to combat sunburn. The whitewashed parts of the plants reflect the sun's rays, and the heating of the tree is reduced. For whitewashing, a solution of freshly slaked lime is usually used - 2-3 kg per bucket of water. For better retention of the whitewash on the wood, 2% of any glue and 2% of sodium chloride are added to it. However, this composition is still not strong enough, is washed off by rains and requires repetition of whitewashing. Good results are obtained by whitewashing apple trees with water-dispersion paint.

Apple whitewashing is carried out to protect against sunburn.

Hilling with earth and mulching the near-trunk circles of young seedlings protects their root system from freezing. Hilling should be carried out shortly before the onset of frost, and in the spring, after the soil dries up, the plants must be unhooked.

When planting a garden, mulching the trunks with rotted manure or compost is a must. In addition to improving the water and nutritional regimes, it provides good protection against possible freezing of the root system. Mulching preferably in the first few years of the tree's life.

Mulching apple tree trunks protects the roots from freezing

Covering seedlings with snow is the most reliable measure that protects the apple tree from frost even in the most severe winters. It is used mainly in Siberia and the Urals when growing insufficiently winter-hardy varieties of creeping apple trees.

Still, this is a fascinating activity - summer cottage gardening. When you can go from an eaten apple to a huge tree covered with fruits of different varieties. And after all, everyone can grow this tree. There would be arms and legs and health. And an apple tree grown by one's own labor is already dear!

Graduated from the Chemistry Department of Moscow State University in 1981. Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor. Rate the article:

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Sometimes a good, fruiting tree is injured and a large or small branch remains from it. An enterprising owner in this case asks the question - how to grow an apple tree from a branch at home? Following simple instructions, you can grow a seedling from a damaged branch.

Is it possible to grow an apple tree in this way

Is it possible to grow an apple tree from a branch? These trees belong to the hard-to-root group, so it will not be so easy to do this. But there are several techniques to help you root a branch.

What is the convenience of apple seedlings made from the branch of the mother plant? The fact that in this way you completely preserve all its properties and features. Such vegetative propagation can be used to maintain especially successful, fertile trees for a long period.

Not all varieties are subject to rooting. Some may have a serious abortive process during various procedures with branches, while others do not. It depends on a number of physiological reasons.

Another feature of a cuttings made from an apple tree branch is that they are shallow in the root system. You can plant such an apple tree in places inaccessible to other apple trees - for example, near groundwater. However, this size can make it vulnerable to drought and frost.

Preparing cuttings

The apple seedling that you plan to transplant vegetatively must be carefully selected. For this role, choose a healthy branch of a fruit tree with no branches. Among all the branches of the crown, pay attention to the one on the sunny side. The best candidates for the role of apple cuttings for replanting will be twigs of the second or third year of life, about two to three centimeters in diameter.

Once you have selected a branch, you need to prepare it for layering. Remove the bark ring from the surface, remove all fruit buds that are located on your twig. A stalk prepared in this way takes root better, the grown tree takes root faster in the ground.

It is better to cut green branches early in the morning, adjusting to the natural processes of the apple tree. Please note that it is necessary to cut off the branch with the so-called heel - the sole, which is located at the branch of the shoot. Saplings with this little trick take root twice as fast.

Step-by-step instruction

Step one: choose a branch for replanting following the recommendations above. A good stalk for a future apple tree should be no more than three years old, green, healthy.

Step two: remove the fruit buds from the selected branch. Carefully peel off the bark at the site of the intended incision.

Step three: make an incision on the seedling, then gently break off the branch along with the "heel".

Step four: to increase the surface on which the roots will form, you can protect or split the heel into several parts.

Step five: place the cutting in a jar of room temperature water. Use stimulants or fertilizers to help your horses grow faster. Another rooting method is to grow cuttings on potatoes. This unusual method has already successfully proven itself by the experience of many farmers. All eyes are removed from the potato tuber. Choose fairly large, healthy potatoes. After that, a stalk is stuck inside the tuber and added with soil.

To preserve moisture, you can cover everything with foil. At home, rooting of shoots also occurs through a number of other methods. The options described below are suitable for already lignified seedlings. You can just gently dig the twig into the fertile soil, providing it with sufficient watering. You can use a plastic bag in order to quickly and without traumatizing the root system remove seedlings. You can use a box in which you move your twigs to a warm and humid place. With the normal passage of the rooting process, the buds should swell on the branch.

Step six: healthy cuttings should be planted in nutritious soil for growing.

Further care

When growing an apple tree from a branch, it is important to remember that its root system will be more susceptible to environmental factors than apple trees grown from seeds. For two to three years, the tree is growing in a nutritious soil. It is necessary to provide a young teenager with sufficient watering, to avoid stress. Treat your pets regularly to avoid contracting various diseases. For the winter, it is better to cover such trees well with foil.

In general, further care depends on what variety the mother tree had. Focus on recommendations for growing it, make sure that the root system is normal. These tips will help you successfully plant a branch of an apple tree, which will eventually become a large tree and will delight you with its fruits.

Video "Apple tree from the cutting"

In this video, you will learn how to grow an apple tree from a cuttings.

To grow a tree, gardeners resort to the help of special farms and purchase seedlings for planting.But there is another way, which is much more complicated and will take more time.

You can grow an apple tree from a seed.

Is it possible to grow a tree from an apple seed at home?

This process takes a long time. and can be quite risky. Because the resulting fruits can be very different in taste from the original plant.

When growing an apple tree from a seed, the result of planting will be known only after the first fruiting, which occurs in the 5th year of life.

As the final material, you can get:

1. A full-fledged tree that bears tasty, varietal fruits.
2. A wild apple tree with small fruits suitable for processing.
3. There is also a chance of getting an ornamental plant, the fruits of which will be beautiful, but not tasty.

If you follow all the conditions for growing an apple tree from a seed, there is a high probability of getting a varietal tree... The best option is to use a one-year-old seedling in the form of a rootstock for an already mature tree.

To protect yourself from not receiving material suitable for planting, it is better to germinate a few seedsextracted from different varieties of apples.

How to choose a seed for growing an apple tree?

It is worth remembering that growing an apple tree from seeds is a laborious and lengthy process, and so that it ends in success, you need to choose the right seeds.

They should be firm and ripe. Such planting material is distinguished by its dark color and uniform color.

Also, the seeds should not have any mechanical damage, so you need to remove them from the apple as carefully as possible.

Seeds for germination must be ripe, without damage

For proper preparation, the following steps are performed:

1. Washing - to get rid of the inhibitory layer that interferes with germination, the selected seeds are placed in a container with warm water and stir with a small spoon for 3-5 minutes, it is better to repeat this procedure several times. Then the water is drained using a sieve or gauze.
2. Soak - then the seeds are poured with water and placed in a warm place for 3-4 days. On day 3, experienced gardeners recommend adding a growth stimulant to the container. The water must be changed every day to avoid stagnation.
3. Stratification - with the help of this procedure, the seeds are hardened and prepared for their natural habitat.

There are several ways to carry out stratification.:

1. The planting material is mixed with peat and sand in a ratio of 1 to 3, then the resulting mixture is moistened until water begins to seep to the surface.
2. According to gardeners, the best substrate is moss mixed with sawdust.
3. A combination of sand, sawdust and activated carbon is also used.

The seeds should be in the selected substrate for 6 days. at room temperature. At this time, they will swell. Then they are transferred to the refrigerator for 2-3 months.

How to grow an apple tree from a stone. Seed stratification:

Planting conditions for the bone

After the first shoots appear, the strongest and healthiest of them are selected... Any time of the year is suitable for transplanting seeds at home.

Once the material is ready, do the following:

1. For sowing seeds, a special container is prepared, which is most often a box or container. There must be holes at the bottom to drain excess moisture.
2. Then a drainage layer is made of expanded clay, pebbles and other similar materials.
3. Black soil is used as a fertile soil, such a soil has all the substances necessary for a young tree.
4. During planting, the following scheme is used: the width between the rows is 15-20 centimeters, and between the seeds is 2-3.
5. The seating depth should not exceed 2 centimeters.
6. Then the soil is watered abundantly.
7. When watering the plants, they act carefully so as not to erode the soil and not expose the seed that has not yet matured.
8. As soon as the second pair of leaves appears on the grown trees, you need to sort them out, removing weak plants and wild apple trees. They differ from varietal ones in that they have smaller and brightly colored leaves, thorns appear on the trunks. Thus, the distance between the trees increases to 7-8 centimeters.

After the appearance of the first shoots, the strongest are selected for planting.

At home, apple trees are kept for at least 4 years., in this case, they will be able to get stronger and in the future will be ready for transplantation into open ground.

If the apartment does not allow such a long period of time to keep a small tree, it can be transplanted to a garden plot, but at the same time they protect the plant from cold temperatures, pests, wind and other troubles.

Every year it is necessary to increase the volume of the container in which the apple tree grows. This will help the tree develop the correct root system.

How to grow an apple tree from a stone. Transplanting germinated seeds into the ground:

Watering - for a young apple tree, timely watering is the main source of livelihood, without it, the still not strong root system will not be able to receive a sufficient amount of moisture and the tree may die.

It is best to carry out this procedure once a week, avoiding the formation of a dry crust.

Top dressing - it is worth considering that in the first years of life, active organic additives, which include manure or bird droppings, can harm the plant.

They can cause burns and can cause various bacterial diseases. Therefore, it is better to replace these fertilizers with infusion of humus.

To stop the growth of leaves and improve the maturation of the wood, at the end of August, the apple tree is fed with potassium-phosphorus supplements.

For each square meter of crops, the following amount of fertilizer is poured:

• 15-20 grams of potassium chloride;
• 30-40 grams of superphosphate.

So that nutrients penetrate to the root system during feeding the soil must be carefully loosened and watered abundantly.

A young apple tree seedling needs weekly watering, fertilizing

Transplant to open ground

As soon as the seedling reaches 4 years of age, it can be planted in open ground. This procedure is best done in late April - early May, or in September.

In order for the tree to take root in a new place, it is necessary to choose the right site for planting.

Good lighting contributes to the correct development and high-quality ripening of fruits.

Same you need to pay attention to the level of occurrence of groundwater, they must be at least 1 meter deep. The technology of the process is no different from the planting of seedlings purchased in the nursery.

How to grow an apple tree from a branch?

If the method of growing a fruit tree from seed seems too complicated, you can resort to cuttings propagation... To get a seedling from a branch, preparatory work begins at the end of autumn.

This process is also quite laborious, but it will take less time and the most likely to get the desired variety.

How to prepare cuttings for propagation

Many gardeners try to get a seedling by cutting off unprepared branches and placing them in water. But in this case, it is unlikely that it will be possible to wait for the roots to appear.

To make the process a success, in late autumn - early winter, cuttings are prepared for reproduction using the following actions:

1. To begin with, a strong, young and ripe branch is selected, its age should be 1-2 years.
2. Its middle should be gently broken without damaging the bark. For this, the selected area is bent until a crunch appears.
3. Then the injured place is rewound with tape or tape.
4. The last step will be to attach a support, which can be a regular stick. She will not allow the bent branch to straighten.

Growing an apple tree from a cutting will take less time than from a seed

How to properly plant the prepared planting material?

After the formation of fractures, the tree will independently try to heal them, for this a large amount of nutrients will go to the injured places.

With the help of such manipulations in April the apple tree will be ready to start the breeding process:

1. The first step is to remove the winding, after which the branch is cut in the damaged places.
2. For germinating cuttings, it is best to use a cropped dark bottle filled with melt or rainwater.
3. For the best efficiency of the process, several tablets of activated carbon are dissolved in water.
4. If you fill the container to the level of 10 centimeters, you can put 10 cuttings in it.
5. After 3 weeks, roots will appear under the buds that are in the water.
6. It is better to place the bottle with sprouting branches on the windowsill.

As soon as the roots reach a size of 7 centimeters, they can be safely transplanted into open ground.

If a young tree is provided with regular watering and protection from bright sunlight, then it can quickly adapt to new conditions.

Sprouting an apple tree from a seed is a very difficult process., which can only be carried out by an experienced gardener, but cuttings propagation is also suitable for novice gardeners.

In any case, the resulting tree will be one of the most beloved on the site.