What grape varieties can be grown in the Moscow region?

Until recently, many believed that grapes could be grown exclusively in the southern regions. It seemed like a pipe dream to plant this plant in regions with colder climates, including the Moscow region. However, it is thanks to such "dreamers" that today there are quite a few varieties that can withstand sub-zero temperatures. They have proven that harsh winters are not a hindrance to growing these berries. Photos of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region show that the plants are developing well, and the berries grow juicy and with the necessary color. Plants are able to adapt to warm sunny summers and frosty winters.

Many gardeners are interested in what grape varieties are best planted in the Moscow region. And there are a lot of them today. The most popular varieties are described below.

Non-covering varieties

If you do not know which grape variety is better to plant in the Moscow region, pay attention to the uncovered varieties. They withstand severe frosts (some of them up to minus 30 degrees) due to the resistance to cold snaps inherent in them by the breeders. They do not need to be covered for the winter or opened in the spring.

A feature of such varieties is that in the first year the seedling must be covered. A young plant is not yet able to cope with severe frost on its own. Do not rely only on its characteristics.

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region that do not need to be covered for the winter are:

• Aleshenkin. Among gardeners, you can hear the names Alyosha or No. 328 about him. Early ripening variety (110-118 days). His bunches are conical in shape, large. Their weight varies between 0.7-2.5 kg. Large oval amber berries are covered with a light bloom. The weight of one berry is about 3-5 g. About 25-40% of the berries are pitted. The berries are juicy, sweet and crunchy.

• Harmony. The bush is able to withstand frosts down to minus 25 degrees. It takes about 135 days from budding to full maturity of the berries. Bunches are conical in medium size. Loose or medium density. The berries are dark blue, blue, round.

• Valiant will allow you to enjoy the harvest at the end of August. Frost-resistant variety (up to minus 46 degrees). Bunches are medium in size. Small blue berries with large bones have a pleasant strawberry flavor.

• Agat Donskoy. Bunches of conical shape are large, moderately dense. Their weight is in the range of 400-600 g. Large berries (up to 2.4 mm in diameter) weigh about 4-5 g. Their shape is round, the color is dark blue. The variety is resistant to frost of minus 26 degrees.

• Laura (also called Flora). Ripens in 110-115 days. The bunches hold tightly to the shoots.This protects the berries from shedding even after full ripeness or large yields. The berries are very beautiful. They are amber in color with a slight touch of wax. The bush is not damaged at a temperature of minus 23 degrees.

• Super Extra differs in that it is able to give good yields even when grown in the shade. Ripening occurs by the end of the first decade of August (7-8 days). The vine is formed very early. Each of them can collect up to 20 kg of berries. The fruits remain on the bush even after full ripening.

• Phenomenon (you can hear such names as Augustine or Pleven stable). One of the best options, which is distinguished by good taste, large beautiful berries and disease resistance. The bunches weigh about 700-800 g. Withstands frosts down to minus 24 degrees.

• Early TSHA (i.e. Northern or Pineapple). Frost-resistant (up to minus 30 degrees). The bunches are small and medium. Medium-sized round berries are blue in color with a purple bloom. A light pineapple aroma is characteristic of the juicy pulp.

• Marshal Foch. Small round berries (1.1 g). Dense cylindrical clusters of medium size have a weight of 100-120 g. Berries with a thin skin and juicy pulp have a light fruit flavor. The fruits can be harvested from early September to October. Ripening period 125 days. Frost resistance up to minus 32 degrees.

• Amber. Frost resistance minus 34 degrees. Medium-sized sweet berries gradually turn yellow. They also have a nutmeg aroma.

The list can only include the best grapes for the Moscow region, an uncovered variety. But the named will be enough to make your choice.

Table varieties

Next, consider which grape varieties are best planted in the Moscow region, choosing from the dining group:

• Agadai ripens in 150 days. Differs in high yields. Large clusters are tapered. Large oval berries have a dense flesh. Medium frost resistance. The bush is susceptible to disease. But the harvest is well kept.

• Asma. Ripening period 170 days. Bunches of medium size reach 300 g. Purple berries are large enough. Each of them contains a couple of seeds.

• Isabella with late ripening. Bunches of medium size (their weight is up to 150 g). Small black fruits with a pleasant scent reminiscent of strawberries. The bush is resistant to fungal diseases.

• The cardinal has a short growing season (120 days). Bulky bunches weigh up to half a kilogram. Large berries have a pleasant nutmeg flavor. Not resistant to disease and frost.

• The queen of the vineyards has good yields. Rounded berries form clusters of medium length.

• Odessa early, as you might guess from the name, has a short growing season. The mass of a bunch can reach 300 g. Berries with a pleasant nutmeg taste.

• Early maharacha with large clusters (up to half a kilogram). Round, dark blue fruit with a few seeds inside.

• Timur. Ripens quickly, in just 110 days. Large clusters weigh half a kilogram. Fruits grow up to 10 g. They have dense pulp, nutmeg taste. Frost resistance - up to minus 25 degrees.

• Gorgeous. Good early variety with oval pink berries. The juicy pulp has a pleasant taste. The bunches grow up to 400 g.

These are the best table grape varieties for the Moscow region. Their fruits are most often eaten in their original state, without various preparations.

Technical grades

To the list of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, you can add varieties related to technical:

• Rkatsiteli, from which wine with excellent aroma and taste is obtained. The variety belongs to late ripening. Bunches are medium in size. By weight they reach 180 g.

• Furmint. Mid-season variety bred by Hungarian breeders. Small clusters weigh up to 120 g. The so-called Tokyo wines are made from small berries.

• Traminer pink.It is a well-known Austrian variety for many years, which is still one of the best for wine production. Medium early grade. Rounded berries are also medium in size. The juice in them has no color. Dense clusters do not grow to large sizes. Their weight does not exceed 100 g. Partially resistant to diseases.

• Riesling. This variety is bred on the banks of the Rhine in Germany. His bunches are small (up to 100 g), but dense. The skin on small berries is thin. Disease-resistant.

These varieties are perfect for making compotes or wine.

Decorative varieties

Before deciding which grape varieties for the Moscow region are the best, you need to decide on the purpose of their cultivation. Those who want to decorate their plot, gazebos or pergolas with grapes can choose among decorative varieties. These include Northern Saperavi, Crystal, Platovsky. Plants of these varieties will delight the eye with their beauty.

The opinion of professionals

Winegrowers have compiled their list of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, resistant to severe frosts:

• Juodupe. This is the earliest variety. Ripening occurs by the end of July. Its ripening period is 95-100 days. The clusters are small (up to 140 g), dense, conical in shape. Rounded, dark purple berries reach a weight of 3.2 g.

• Buffalo, which has a high yield, excellent taste and attractive large bunches.

• Early pineapple. Loose clusters reach 250 g. Fruits are large (5 g). Sweet to taste, with a pineapple flavor. The fruits can be harvested by the end of August.

• Rogachevsky. A versatile variety with a growing season of 110 days. Beautiful clusters in the form of a cylinder grow up to 300 g. Dark blue fruits weighing 5 g have a sweet taste and an isable flavor.

• K-878 or in another way Gentle. Elegant clusters are large (400 g each). The berries are pink-purple. They have a nutmeg taste.

• Lucille, which is characterized by dense clusters. They grow up to 200 g. Pink fruits (about 3 g) taste sweet. Medium-yielding variety, which ripens at the end of August. Medium-sized conical clusters.

• Ontario. The variety is distinguished by bisexual flowers, medium cylindrical clusters. Large berries have a white-greenish color, which acquires a golden hue as it ripens.

Amateur rating

Studying the reviews of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region "left by amateur gardeners, you can make the following list:

• Radiant kishmish, which is known for its lack of seeds. Differs in high productivity. Large clusters reach 1 kg. The fruit has a rich nutmeg flavor. Requires careful maintenance. It can withstand cold only up to minus 15 degrees.

• Anniversary of Novocherkassk, which is characterized by a short growing season. Pink fruits form large clusters. Frost resistant.

• The beauty of the north, with a short growing season. It is included in the group of table varieties, but has a tart taste.

• Christina. A variety with a short growing season, sweet berries. Requires little maintenance.

• Tason, possessing beautiful pink berries with white barrels. Has a nutmeg flavor. The bunches are large.

The best wine varieties

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region, suitable for making wine:

• Isabella, suitable for making dessert wines;

• Aligote, from which white wines and champagne are prepared;

• Muscat, which is used to make wines with a nutmeg flavor.

These technical varieties, which can confidently be called the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, are quite difficult to grow. But probably. All the efforts expended will more than pay off with a large harvest. And this will allow you to enjoy a pleasant delicious homemade drink.

For open ground

Growing grapes is possible not only in a greenhouse. Some species are able to grow in an ordinary garden bed.

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region for open ground:

• Summer muscat with excellent taste. Short growing season. Frost resistance is ensured by good maturation of the vine.

• Victoria (some people mistakenly call him Uehara). Refers to table varieties with a short growing season. Frost resistance up to minus 30 degrees. The bunches are large, weighing up to 800 g. Raspberry-red berries resemble an egg in shape. The fruit is sweet with a nutmeg flavor. Differs in high productivity.

• Nadezhda Aksayskaya. It is characterized by large bunches and berries. It tastes like Arcadia berries. Differs in a shorter ripening period. The crop can be harvested from mid-August.

• Shun, which is one of the best options. Resistant to winter cold. The berries are large (up to 6-7 g). The bunches are red, turning to dark pink as they ripen. The berries ripen by the end of August. The variety is resistant to diseases.

Tips for Beginner Winegrowers

Having decided what are the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, you can start growing them. But here, too, there are a few key points to consider.

The most important thing for a good harvest is to provide the plant with the right amount of water and nutrients. In the Moscow region, groundwater is close to the soil surface. Therefore, it is very rare to water the grapes. As for fertilizing, it is necessary to exclude nitrogen fertilizers. The fact is that nitrogen stimulates the rapid growth of the vine. She does not have time to ripen before autumn and the onset of the first frost. This leads to freezing of the entire bush and a decrease in yield. All other types of fertilizers are applied in accordance with the selected variety.

It is best to plant grapes on light sandy loam soil. The first spring rays of the sun easily warm it up. And in the fall, the soil cools down, giving the plant the opportunity to prepare for the cold.

If the selected best grape variety for the Moscow region is characterized by poor frost resistance, the bush must be protected from frost. This applies not only to the winter period, but also to spring frosts. During cold weather, all shoots are removed from the mount and laid on the ground. If this is not done, the plant will definitely freeze. The base of the trunk is covered with a special garden film. But the usual methods are fine too. For example, mulching with a thick layer of sawdust. Fallen leaves should not be used. They can be carriers of various diseases. They are recommended to be burned.

Conclusion

As can be judged from the article, the answer to the question of which grape varieties are best planted in the Moscow region is not so difficult to find. The growers took care of creating a wide variety of varieties that are suitable for growing in the Moscow region (and other regions with a similar climate). Due to the difficult growing conditions, the plants are resistant to fungal diseases. And thanks to this, the yield increases.

It is important to remember one more point: even the best grape variety chosen for the Moscow region cannot give a good harvest without proper attention and care. In addition to the introduction of nutrients, the bush requires regular pruning, treatment from diseases and pests, and shelter for the winter.

To grow grapes in the Moscow region without much hassle, it is necessary to select the right varieties. They must be frost-hardy and yield crops before the onset of frost. In the article we will tell you about the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, consider which of them is more suitable for the Moscow region climate.

Features of the climatic conditions of the Moscow region

Grapes are a thermophilic crop, but thanks to the efforts of breeders, they began to grow it in the South, North and Central region. The climate near Moscow is not the best for grapes, but more suitable than the northern one. The first half of summer is hot, and the second is most often rainy.Rains during the ripening period of the grapes are not desirable, because the fruits crack and rot.

The earlier grapes ripen in the Moscow region, the better. It is for this reason that early varieties are chosen for the region. Despite unfavorable weather conditions, the Moscow Region has advantages for grapes over the South, namely:

For the Moscow region, there are many early ripening varieties with good taste characteristics.

• good yield of varieties;
• a small number of diseases;
• low pest activity;
• easier vineyard care;
• many varieties.

Since the spring in the Moscow region can be protracted, and the winter is harsh, only frost-resistant varieties are chosen. There are frost-resistant varieties that are resistant to diseases and pests and easily tolerate spring frosts. For Siberia and the Urals, ideal varieties are wine, for example Lydia.

Moscow suburbs	Siberia	Ural
Agate Donskoy, Beauty of the North, Rusven, Crystal, Christina, Kishmish Radiant variety overview	Velika, Golden Potapenko, Ruslan, Riddle, Pearl Saba	Lydia, Aleshenkin, Beauty of the North, In memory of Dombkovskaya, Muscat

5 best grape varieties for the Moscow region

The Christina variety is unpretentious in care, therefore it is popular among winegrowers in the Moscow region.

Despite the changeable climate, grapes in the Moscow region give a good harvest, even better than in the South. New varieties do not get sick and are not afraid of the cold. There are many grape varieties, but there are only four tastes: sweet, nutmeg, sweet and sour and nightshade.

We offer a rating of varieties:

1. Anniversary of Novocherkassk. An early variety, resistant to frost. The bunches are large, sweet, pink berries.
2. Kishmish Radiant. This variety is obtained by crossing the Cardinal and Kishmish Pink grapes. The advantages include high yield, bunch weight up to 1 kg, rich nutmeg taste and shoot fertility up to 70%. Besides the advantages, there are also disadvantages. Kishmish is fastidious in care and is afraid of frost, tolerates temperatures down to -15 degrees. Read also the article: → "Evaluation and description of the radiant raisin grape variety."
3. Beauty of the North. This is a table variety. The advantages include early ripening, the disadvantages - the tart taste of berries.
4. Tason. A variety with large bunches. Berries with nutmeg flavor, pink with white sides.
5. Christina. Mid-season variety. The advantages include unpretentious care and sugar content of berries.

In addition to the above varieties, Super Extra, Rusven, Agat Donskoy and Crystal are popular. Among the whole variety of varieties, only seedless Kishmish grapes. When grown in the Moscow region, Kishmish needs shelter before the onset of autumn frosts. Cover the vine with agrofibre before frost.

The best wine varieties

The fruits of the Krasa Severa variety ripen in August.

Grapes are not only grown for human consumption. It is difficult to grow decent grapes in the Moscow region for making a good wine drink, but it is possible. Popular technical varieties near Moscow include the following:

1. Isabel. Dessert wines are made from grapes.
2. Aligote. Suitable for making white wines and champagne. A late ripening variety that needs shelter.
3. Muscat. The drinks have a nutmeg aroma and aftertaste.

Isabella is often confused with the Alpha variety. This is a technical grade that is suitable for the Moscow region. Fruits ripen in September-October. Bunches up to 200 g, dark blue berries. The bushes do not tolerate drought, but they are frost-resistant. Despite the late ripening, the vineyard gives a good harvest. Refers to non-covering varieties.

The Isabella variety is the best for the Moscow region, it does not need shelter.

In the Moscow region, grapes of the Crystal and Rusven varieties are also grown. Among the technical varieties, Crystal is the earliest. The fruits of the Kristall variety ripen in 100-115 days. The mass of a bunch is up to 200 g. Berries are yellow-green, ripen well in the Moscow region.

The benefits include:

• up to 90% of shoots bear fruit;
• sugar content up to 18%;
• winter hardiness up to - 29 ºС;
• resistance to gray mold.

Dry wines are made from the fruits of the Crystal variety. Rusven is also an early variety. Ripens in 115 days. Sugar content up to 20%. The bushes are resistant to frost down to - 27 ºС and fungal diseases. Dessert and table wines are made from the fruits of this variety.

Tip # 1. The thickening of the shoots of technical grape varieties leads to a decrease in yield and winter hardiness, so they must be cut off.

Popular early and mid-season varieties

Only early and middle varieties are suitable for the Moscow region, and even then not all mid-season vineyards have time to ripen before the onset of frost. We offer in the table popular varieties of different ripening periods.

Ripening period	Variety
Early	King of the North, Anniversary of Novocherkassk, Summer Muscat, Tason, Super Extra
Mid-season	Kishmish Radiant, Christina, Augustine

Not all varieties are frost-resistant, therefore they need shelter for the winter. Tason fruits ripen in 100-110 days. The weight of the bunches is 600 g, and in some cases even 1.2 kg. More than half of the shoots bear fruit, due to this, a good harvest is harvested from the bush. Harvested in the first half of August. The variety is frost-resistant, withstands temperatures up to - 23 ºС, resistant to mildew, gray mold and powdery mildew.

Agate Donskoy is classified as a mid-season variety. The crop ripens in 120 days. Disadvantages include sour taste and unsuitability for transportation. The advantages of the variety include:

• large clusters up to 600 g;
• up to 80% of the shoots are fruitful;
• frost resistance up to -26 ºС;
• good survival rate in adverse climatic conditions.

Other varieties are also popular:

• Super Extra belongs to the early varieties. The fruits ripen in the first half of August.
• Augustine is a mid-season variety. The fruits ripen by the end of August, the vine has time to ripen before frost. The variety is frost resistant. The fruits are oval and sweet.
• Summer Muscat is an early variety. Bunches weighing up to 1 kg, fruits are large, yellow. Summer nutmeg is resistant to frost down to -25 ° С.
• Kishmish variety Asian miracle is a mid-season variety. It is frost-resistant, when covered with agrofibre it can withstand frosts down to -30 ° C.
• Seedless varieties of Kishmish are popular among gardeners, white, radiant and golden.

Summer Muscat berries ripen in 100-120 days.

Grapes in the Moscow region are grown not only in the open field, but also in greenhouses. For open ground, frost-resistant varieties are chosen. One of the indicators of the frost resistance of the bush is the rapid maturation of the vine. These varieties include:

• First-Called;
• Summer Muscat;
• Nadezhda Aksayskaya;
• Victor;
• Victoria;
• Shunya;
• Northern early;
• Moscow sustainable.

Resistant to frost and technical varieties such as Isabella, Alpha, Crystal and Rusven. Let's consider some frost-resistant varieties.

• Shunya's vine is fully ripe. Fruits are large, up to 7 g, red. Harvest at the end of August.
• Nadezhda Aksayskaya tastes like Arcadia. The bunches and berries are large, ripen at the end of August.
• Early European varieties are grown in unheated greenhouses: Arcadia, Cardinal, Krasa Dona, Aleshenkin and Queen of Vineyards.

Tip # 2. When choosing non-sheltering frost-resistant varieties, be guided by the lowest temperatures typical for your region. In this case, the grapes do not need shelter.

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The expert tells what varieties are optimal for the region of the Moscow region and central Russia ⇓.

Planting and caring for grapes in the Moscow region

In the Moscow region, it is necessary to provide the bush with such conditions so that the buds bloom faster, the vine is ripe and ready for frost.

• Before choosing a variety, it is important to choose the soil and planting time of the seedling.
• Grapes are planted in a sunny area, where it is quiet and there are no strong gusts of wind.The south or southwest side will do. On such a site, the grapes will be comfortable, and its yield will increase.
• Saplings are planted at a distance of 5 m from trees and bushes in the garden, on a flat area of ​​soil. Read also the article: → "How to prepare the soil for planting grapes."

Before planting, the seedling is prepared to take root in harsh climatic conditions, namely:

1. The stalk is soaked in water for 15-10 hours.
2. The top roots are removed to allow the main root to develop into the soil.
3. After planting, the seedling is hardened. For the first week, the planting site is covered with a film to create shade, then the greenhouse is opened.

Planting grapes in pits and trenches

Saplings are planted in autumn or spring, the survival rate does not change from this. In spring they are planted from mid-April to May, and in autumn - from October to the onset of frost. For planting grapes, black soil or sand is chosen, but the latter option is better. It warms up and freezes faster, and this is an important condition for growing grapes in the Moscow region.

A deepening of 80x80x100 cm is made on sandy soil, and 80x80x80 cm on black soil. After planting, the soil is moistened every two weeks, 30 liters of water are poured out until the grapes take root. Then watering is reduced, because there is enough moisture in the Moscow region.

In summer, the shoots are cut at a height of 1.7 m from the ground so that the plant strengthens before the onset of frost. With proper pruning, the bushes bear fruit in the third year after planting. Read also the article: → "How to properly prune grapes." Any variety in the first years of growth needs shelter. Agrofibre or sawdust is used, they cover the soil around the planting site. For the winter, the bush is completely covered, the vine is removed from the supports and laid on the ground. Otherwise, the grapes will freeze.

Answers to frequently asked questions

Radiant raisins grape variety

Question number 1. What are the non-covering varieties for the Moscow region?

These are frost-resistant varieties. These include Alpha (withstands up to -40 ºС), Foxberry (up to -35 ºС), Kay Gray (up to -42 ºС), Moore Earley and Valiant.

Question number 2. What varieties near Moscow are suitable for storage and transportation?

Radiant kishmish despite its juicy pulp is suitable for transportation and has good keeping quality. Suitable for storing summer Muscat and Tason varieties.

Question number 3. How to increase the resistance of grapes in the Moscow region?

For the processing of grapes in the fall, the bacterial preparation Mizorin is used. It increases resistance to drought and frost, speeds up ripening by two weeks and increases yields. The product protects the bush from rot.

Question number 4. Which varieties have high taste characteristics?

The first place in terms of taste is Kishmish Radiant, then Cardinal Lux, Shunya, Laura, Arcadia and Nadezhda Aksayskaya. The fruits are sweet and juicy.

Question number 5. What are the high yielding varieties?

In the climatic conditions of the Moscow region, Tason, Kishmish Luchisty, Rusven, Crystal and Agat Donsky give a good harvest.

Gardeners' mistakes in choosing grapes

We offer gardeners' mistakes in caring for grapes in the Moscow region:

1. Two factors affect the yield and growth of grapes in the Moscow region: water and nutrients. Since the groundwater is located close to the soil surface, the grapes are practically not watered.
2. Nitrogen fertilizers are not used. They reduce resistance to mildew and stimulate the growth of vines, which do not ripen by the beginning of the autumn frost. This leads to freezing of the bush and a low yield.
3. For grapes in the Moscow region, the best soil is light sandy loam. It warms up quickly in the spring and cools down in the fall. Due to this, the plant has time to mature and prepare for frost.
4. Grape varieties with poor frost resistance, for example Kishmish, are sheltered not only for the winter, but also for the period of spring frosts.

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Grape varieties for the Moscow region

Any gardener dreams of planting grapes on his site.In order to harvest a good harvest every year, you need to carefully approach the question of choosing the variety that is best suited for your area. Half of your success depends on this.

The most suitable varieties for the Moscow region

The range of grape varieties is endless. But not all of them are suitable for the Moscow region. The climate in this zone of Russia is not always stable. But the hard work of the selectors makes it possible to grow grapes in the Moscow region no worse than in the southern bands. And some newly bred varieties give good yields and do not get sick only in such climatic conditions.

Consider the best grape varieties for the Moscow region and their main characteristics.

Kishmish

A group of grape varieties that are very popular with horticulturists. These include seedless varieties (Kishmish white, radiant, golden) with small berries. It is Kishmish that is used to make raisins. The sweetest and juiciest of this category is White Kishmish. It is often added to baked goods. One of the best white varieties is called "Asian Miracle". In the east, it has long been used to treat heart disease and nervous disorders.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - an Asian miracle

The white Kishmish grape bush has the following distinctive features:

• the fruits do not contain seeds;
• leaves are large, round, without pubescence;
• the bunches are elongated, weigh, on average, 150-200 g;
• small yellowish berries;
• refers to the middle ripening period (August-September).

The Asian miracle variety easily tolerates winter frosts. But for safety, you can cover it with agrofibre, it is better to use Agreen with a maximum density of 42 to 60 g / m2. You can add two layers of thick white polyethylene film on top of it, AgroPolymer from 60 to 100 microns will do. This procedure will keep the sprouts at temperatures down to -30 ° C, and in spring, young shoulder straps will surprise you with their strength and yield.

Lydia

Lidia grapes are very suitable for the Moscow region. It has excellent taste, which makes it a table wine, and is also used to make the white wines of the same name.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - Lydia

Main characteristics:

• refers to the middle ripening period;
• leaves are green with a little fluff;
• the clusters are cone-shaped;
• the berries are round, dark red with a lilac bloom;
• has a high yield.

This grape variety is resistant to fungal diseases such as oidium and mildew, which makes it possible not to handle the bushes. It curls well and is used for landscaping fences, balconies and gazebos.

The beauty of the north

Growing grapes in the Moscow region cannot do without the Beauty of the North. Refers to dining rooms.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - Krasa Severa

Distinctive features:

• refers to early maturation;
• clusters are large, conical, weighing up to 250 g;
• berries are round with a yellow color, slightly tart in taste;
• ripens in August;
• the skin of the fruit is thin and the flesh is juicy and soft.

Although this variety does not have outstanding taste, it has its own advantages. It contains folic acid (up to 20 mg /%), which makes it medicinal. Recommended for women during pregnancy, as it favorably affects the formation of the neural tube of the fetus.

Summer Muscat

From the beginning of bud development to full maturation of this variety, it takes from 3.5 to 4 months.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - Summer Muscat

Characteristics:

• refers to early maturation;
• bunches of cylindrical shape, weighing up to 1 kg;
• berries are large and oblong, yellow;
• has an edible skin and juicy pulp.

Summer Muscat variety is well transported, and the seedlings take root easily. Resistant to frost down to -25 ° C.

Alpha

It is a table and technical grape variety. He is often confused and called Isabella. Both varieties are very similar in appearance and were bred in America.It is Alpha that is grown in central Russia, and Isabella - in the southern, as it is more thermophilic.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - Alpha

Has the following features:

• late ripening (September-October);
• large leaves of dark green or grayish color with dense pubescence;
• clusters are small, on average 150 g;
• berries are oval dark blue.

Alpha grapes do not like drought and tolerate frost well. You do not need to cover it for the winter time.

Aligote

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region also include Aligote. Bred in France three centuries ago, it is ideal for winemaking.

Grape varieties for the Moscow region - Isabella

Main characteristics:

• leaves are green with a red tint around the edges;
• small clusters, average weight 100 g;
• berries are medium-sized, round in shape, have a yellow-green color;
• refers to late ripening.

This variety is moderately resistant to frost, therefore it requires insulation. It is widely used in the production of juices and table wines.

Planting - what it takes to be successful

Caring for grapes in the Moscow region has its own characteristics. It is not only the variety that is important, but also the soil, as well as the correct method and time of planting.

How to grow grapes in the Moscow region - planting

Where to plant

Grapes love the sun and warmth, so carefully choose a place in the garden for planting. The south or southwest side of buildings and structures is best suited. You should not plant grapes close to trees, it is better to keep a distance of at least 5m. Also, it is not advised to plant in lowlands or on slopes.

How to prepare seedlings

Before you start planting, you need to prepare a seedling, the cutting can be grown at home, since only healthy and high-quality planting material should be used. The root cut should be white and the shoot should be bright green. Before planting, the seedlings are soaked in plain water for 10 to 20 hours. It is best to remove the upper roots so that the lower ones grow deeper into the soil. A fresh annual shoot is pruned, retreating 4-5 eyes.

In order for young seedlings to acclimatize well and not burn out in the sun, they must first be hardened. For this, the landing site for the first 5-7 days is covered with a simple portable greenhouse that creates a shade, and only then is it opened to direct sunlight.

When to plant

Planting can be both spring and autumn. The early period lasts from mid-April to May. Late - from late October to frost. The second method differs only in that a fragile seedling needs more protection for the winter.

How to grow grapes in the Moscow region - planting

What kind of soil is right

Asking the question of how to grow grapes in the Moscow region, it is necessary to pay due attention to the soil. For planting, both black soil and sandy terrain are suitable.

Sand is distinguished by the fact that it freezes faster and heats up more, it also does not retain moisture and minerals well. Chernozem, in turn, requires less fertilization and allows you to reduce the depth of the planting pit (80x80x80 cm). On sand, the required dimensions will be 80x80x100 cm (depth increases).

Care professional advice

For good growth and health of the grape bush, it is very important to properly plant the growth in the bud. If the seedling is short (up to 30 cm), then it is added vertically, if it is long, then at an angle.

Growing grapes in the Moscow region - harvest

The process includes the following steps:

• The soil must be well fertilized. To do this, you will need about 10 buckets of fresh manure, from which the lower layer in the pit is formed.
• Further, mineral fertilizers: 250 g of phosphate and the same amount of potassium, are mixed with the soil and compacted after the manure.
• Then a small layer of earth is poured into which the seedling is lowered.
• From above it is covered with soil up to the shoulder strap so that a depression of up to 20 cm remains.
• The soil is compacted and watered every 2 weeks with 3 buckets of water (including the day of planting).
• If planted in sand, then the hole is made 20 cm deeper. This height is filled with clay, thereby creating a barrier against leaching of fertilizers and for retaining moisture.

It is very important to cut off the shoots at the level of 1.7 m in the summer during the active period of growth, since further growth will only take away the strength from the plant. In order for young bushes to begin bearing fruit already in the 3rd year, it is necessary to carefully cover them for the winter. For this, agrofibre with a film is suitable, but mulching the planting site with a thick layer of sawdust will be no less effective.

Before wintering, the vine is removed from the support, pruned and pressed to the ground. If the bushes are left upright, freezing is inevitable.

Outcome

There are many varieties of grapes that are ideal for growing in the Moscow region. Warm, sunny summers and severe winter frosts made them resistant to fungal diseases, which significantly increases not only the quality of the crop, but also its richness.

But keep in mind that you need to familiarize yourself with all the nuances before planting grapes in the Moscow region, so as not to ruin it. And the advice of experienced winegrowers will help you choose a variety and achieve the maximum yield in a short time.

Despite the fact that grapes are a heat-loving plant, having taken all the necessary measures to create optimal conditions for it, it is quite possible to grow it in the Moscow region, receiving an excellent harvest every year. Read about the peculiarities of growing grapes in Siberia on this page.

The photo shows grapes grown in the Moscow region

Varieties for the Moscow region

Frost-resistant non-covering grape varieties for the Moscow region:

• Alpha grapes. The bushes are vigorous, the berries are dark blue, round in shape.
• Valiant hybrid. Berries are small, black, rounded.
• Kay Gray grapes. Berries are small in size, amber in color.
• Grapes "Agate Donskoy". The berries are large, dark blue.

Very early grape varieties for the Moscow region:

• Aleshenkin grapes are already ripening by the end of August.
• Very early grape variety "Alexander".
• Agat Donskoy.

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region:

1. Isabella grapes are characterized by a ripening period of 120 - 130 days. Vigorous shrub, large dark blue berries with a waxy bloom. The bunch weighs 140 grams.
2. The Denisovskiy wine grape variety is characterized by an early ripening period. Bushes are vigorous. The berries are medium in size, black in color.
3. Grapes "Rusven" are characterized by a ripening period of 110 - 115 days. The shrub is medium to vigorous (depending on growing conditions). The berries are large, rounded, matte pink in color.

Grape variety "Rusven" is shown in the photo

It is also worth noting such grape varieties as "Tasok", "Christina", "Radiant Kishmish".

Landing

Grapes in the Moscow region are planted with seedlings in pre-prepared pits 30-40 cm deep. The seedlings are planted at a depth of 25 cm (the roots must be carefully straightened and made sure that they do not break). When planting, the plant should be placed with a slight slope to the north. Then the seedling is sprinkled with earth and everything is thoroughly spilled with water. A guide on how to choose a dog enclosure is here:.

The photo shows the planting material (sprouted cuttings)

Planting grapes with a closed root system in open ground should be in the summer, that is, in May - June. Grapes with an open root system should be planted either in the fall (not earlier than October) or in the spring (in April, early May). It is recommended to plant grapes along the wall of the house, but not closer than 0.8 m.

In the case when it becomes necessary to transplant grapes in the Moscow region, this procedure should be carried out either in late autumn or early spring.

The photo shows the process of planting grapes

You can learn more about the process of planting grapes in the Moscow region by watching the following video:

Growing

The process of growing grapes in the open ground in the Moscow region implies sheltering the vine for the winter, with the exception of frost-resistant varieties. But in any case, it is necessary to take care of the protection of the root system in the winter. To this end, many summer residents - gardeners practice deep planting of seedlings in a trench (this method of planting grapes greatly facilitates the process of covering the vine, it is enough to lay the plant and fix it at the bottom of the trench with special brackets, and close the trench from above with wooden shields, on top of which roofing material or film is laid) ... Read how to breed and keep quail at home.

To grow grapes in the Moscow region and get an annual harvest from it, you should adhere to a number of rules:

• Purchase early-maturing and winter-hardy varieties.
• Planting should be placed near various structures and fences, which will be a kind of protection for young seedlings from the winds.
• During development, the vine should be regularly fed with phosphorus potash fertilizers.
• In the autumn, the grapes are subject to mandatory pruning.
• For the winter, grapes are covered with materials at hand.

The formation of a grape bush is carried out in two stages:

• The first stage is carried out in the fall (preliminary pruning). In the fall, the entire ripe vine is left.
• The second stage is carried out in the spring (final pruning and fixing the vine on the trellis). Spring pruning leaves only five buds.

Keep in mind that the vine is cut three centimeters above the bud.

The figure shows the process of forming a bush

Top dressing of grapes in the fall in the Moscow region:

• Mineral dressing. The basis of such feeding is nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus in a ratio of 3: 2: 1.
• Organic fertilizers (compost or rotted manure) - once every three years.

In the Moscow region, the cultivation of grapes is practiced not only in the open field, but also in greenhouse conditions. For greenhouses, you should select a bisexual flower variety characterized by an early ripening period.

The grapes grown in the greenhouse are shown in the picture.

How to care?

Autumn pruning of grapes in the Moscow region is carried out two weeks after all the leaves on the plant fall off. In the fall, only old, diseased and deformed shoots are removed.

The photo shows the process of pruning grapes

August is the ripening time for the earliest grape varieties. In August, pinching and gartering of young shoots also continues. At the beginning of the month, the upper part of the growing shoots should be cut off, by about 30 cm, due to this, nutrients will be supplied to a greater extent for the ripening of the berries. This process is called chasing.

The picture shows the process of minting grape bushes

Preparing for winter

Grapes in the Moscow region are covered after pruning until the first frost. When laying the vine, it is recommended to equip special supplies under it, preventing its contact with the ground. From above, the vine can be covered with sawdust, dry leaves or spruce branches. They can also additionally be installed over the vine arches and stretch the covering material. Some gardeners prefer to equip wooden boxes in which the vines fit and close them on top with wooden shields.

The photo shows the process of preparing a vine for wintering

Vine bushes, sheltered for the winter, are shown in the photo

Look at the video of the shelter of grapes for the winter in the Moscow region:

When to collect?

The ripening time of grapes depends on the cultivated variety, but since the recommended varieties for the Moscow region are early-maturing varieties, the grape harvest in the Moscow region is carried out in August - September. Read about outdoor cultivation of pumpkins to consider.

Diseases and their treatment

Diseases characteristic of grapes grown in the Moscow region:

• Mildew disease affects both shoots and berries. The first signs are yellow spots on green leaves, then a light bloom appears on the inflorescences and leaves of the plant and they begin to rot.
• Oidium disease manifests itself as a dark gray bloom on the leaves. Inflorescences and berries are also affected.

The picture shows a bunch of grapes infected with powdery mildew

These diseases should be fought with the help of such special means as "Vectra", "Quadris", etc. Spraying of plants should be carried out according to the instructions - before flowering, after flowering, when the berries are ripe.

The cost of grape seedlings for the Moscow region

Grape seedlings for the Moscow region 3 years old can be purchased for 1,750 rubles. for one plant; a 5-year-old grape seedling will cost 7,500 rubles. for one plant.

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Oct 22, 2015Tatiana Sumo