Here is a list of crops compiled by specialists of the State Varietal Commission. All varieties of vegetables, fruit trees and shrubs that they offer to summer residents have proven themselves well in our climatic conditions.
Sowing peas:
Advance, Agrointel, Aksay mustache3, Aksaksky mustache-55, Altai mustache, Albumen, Annushka, Batrak, Blagovest, Buyan, Varyag, Kemchug, Madonna, Small-seed-2, Narymsky-11, Radomir, Samarets, Svetozar, Yamalsky, Yakhont.
Common beans:
Ballad, Bezenchukskaya white, Barbara, Heliada, Gornal, Golden, Dream of the hostess, Nerussa, Oka, Oran, May Day, Ruby, Light, Lilac, Stanichnaya, Ufimskaya, Shokoladnitsa
Chickpeas:
Bonus, Vector, Volgogradsky 10, Volzhanin, Zavolzhsky, Golden Jubilee, Krasnokutsky123, Krasnokutsky 28, Krasnokutsky 36, Privo 1, Sovkhozny, Triumph, Jubilee.
Corn:
Bemo 181, Bemo 182, K 180 SV, Katerina SV, Collective 181 SV, Krasnodar 194 MV, Kuban 101 SV, Maria, Mateus, Mashukk 185 MV, Moldavsky 215 AMV, Obsky 140 SV, Odessa 158 MV, Porumben 171 SV, Porumben 274 MV, Porumben 293 AMV, Porumben 295 ASV, Ross 140 SV, Ross 185 MV, Ross 195 MV, Ross 197 AMV, Ross 199 MV, Rossiyskaya 2, SZTK 191, Toss 205 MV.
Vegetable beans:
Belorussian, Velena, Virovski, Summer resident, Optics, Pink flamingo, Russian black, Yankel byaly.
Vegetable basil:
Aniskin, Anisovka, Aramis, Ararat, Vanilla scent, Lemon scent, Velvet, Basilisk, Spring mood, Clove, Dwarf, Anise gourmet, Dragon, Table, Fragrant greens, Tempter, Caramel, Dwarf, Kompatto, Crimean, Legion, Lemon lobes Pet, Moorish, Marquis, Martina, Moskvoretsky semko, Orion, Pepper aroma, Red ruby, Ruby bouquet, Dark-haired woman, Perfection, Stella, dark night, Tonus, Troll, Dreamer, Philosopher, Violet, Sorcerer Charm, Shuntik.
Coriander (cilantro):
Armenian, Borodinsky, Venus, Debut, Caribe, Market King, Krylatsky Semko, Marino, Firstborn, Picnic, Prelest, Santo, Stimul, Taiga, Shiko.
Watercress:
Openwork, chord, VaSpring, Vitamin, Danish, Ducat, Fun, Kurled, Piquant, Prestige, Flagship.
Marjoram:
Baikal, gourmet, Scandi, Thermos, Tushinsky Semko.
Potato:
Antonina, Borus 2, Varmas, Spring white, Volzhanin, Lina, Lyubava, Malamur, Mustang, Flight, Lugovskoy, Bullfinch, Pushkinets, In memory of Rogachev, Rosar, Rosalind, Sarma, Safo, Tulunsky early, Kuznechanka, Nakra, Tuleyevsky, Krasnoyarsk early , Hostess, Yugan, Yakutyanka.
Eggplant:
Diamond, Amethyst, Arap, Baikal, Baron, Batayskiy, White night, Bernard, Boatswain, Bourgeois, Goby, Oxheart, Vakula, Valentina, Vernal, Vikar, Winnie the Pooh, Taste of mushrooms, Raven, Orient Express, Galaxy, Galina, Galich , Globe, diamond, Airship, Dobar, Don Quixote, Drakosha, Egorka, Caviar, Namesake, Torpedo, Purple miracle, Black dragon, Black diamond, Epic, Janissary, Japanese dwarf.
Swede
Vereiskaya, Hera, Children's love, Krasnoselskaya.
Daikon radish
Astor, Mammoth Tusk, Vakula, Dragon, Dubinushka, Emperor, Minovashi, Minovashi RS, Moscow Bogatyr, Rhinoceros, Omni, Petersburg, Knight, Sasha, Ttskushi spring cross, Favorite, Flamingo, Caesar, Healer.
White cabbage
Amtrak, Belorusskaya, 455, Bronco, Valentina, Blizzard, Dietmarscher Frührer, Golden hectare 1432, Invento, Eaton, Counter, Kevin, Kolobok, Krautkayser, Krautman, Kraft, Creumont, Lennox, Malachite, Megaton, Nadezhda, Number one polar K 206 , Orion, Paradox, Parel, Pegasus, Prefect, Ramada, Reactor, Rusinovka, Satellite, Early ripening, Socrates, Solo, Stakhanovka 1513, Thomas, Tochka, Transfer, Favorite, Farao, Final, Florin, Fresco, Hurricane, Express, Junior.
Red cabbage:
Vanguard, Anthracite, Auto, Benefis, Gako, Garat, Firebird, Calibros, Stone head 447, Lectro, Lyudmila, Mars MC, Mikhnevskaya, Joy, Victory, Primo, Ranitop, Ranchero, Rebecca, Rebol, Regilius, Red dynasty, Redkap, Redma RZ, Rodima, Ruby, Red Zhevel, Red Cook, Blue Dove, Faberge, FUEGO, Habibi, Juno.
Broccoli:
Agasi, Ironman, Batavia, Vyarus, Gnome, Green magic, Curly head, varnishes, Linda, Lord, Marathon, Macho, Monterey, Montop, Parteon, Tonus, Fiesta, Fortuna, Caesar, Jung.
Chinese cabbage:
Alyonushka, Vesnyanka, Goluba, Corolla, Swallow, Swan, Pava, In Memory of Popova, Chill, Four seasons, Yuna.
Kohlrabi cabbage:
Atena, Vienna White 1350, Violetta, Giant, Gulliver, Eder RZ, Cartago, Hummingbird, Corist, Kossak, Madonna, Piquant, Cook, Smak, Sonata.
Cabbage:
Bilko, Glass, Spring jade, Spring beauty, Vorozheya, Hydra, Pomegranate, Princess, Wizard, Lyubasha, Little miracle, Manoko, Mirako, Miss China, Modern, Morilo storido, Naina, Tenderness, Nika, Optico, Orange heart, Autumn jade , Autumn Beauty, Richie, Spring, Rossem 1, Sentyabrina, Sotsi, Sprinkin, Suprin, Taranko, Tskha 2, Filippok, Khibinskaya, Shanghai, Yuki.
Cauliflower:
Adelanto, Alabaster, Alpina, Altamira, Alpha, Amazing, Amsterdam, Ariel, Arfak, Baloba, Barcelona, White head, White castle, White ball, Bermuda, Bodilis, Boris, Brunel, Bruce, Vanilla ice, Veronica, Vinson, Guarantee, Graffiti, Gregor RZ, Goodman, Dalton, Summer resident, Dexter, Je6res, Diviata, Elena the beautiful, Pearl, Emerald Cup, Incline, Candide charm, Cartier, Casper RZ, Kafano, Kerdes, CL 650, Clarify, Classic, Clapton, Goat- Dereza, Concept, Corlanu, Corsica, Cortes, Kristalin, Cool, Lekanu, Lingviston, Purple ball, Locris, Magellan, Mallorca, Marvel 4 seasons, Marseillaise, Matin, Memphis, Blizzard, Minion, Movir 74, Nautilus, Opaal, Patriotic Otis, Parisian, Glider, Early Gribovskaya 1355, Regent MC, Robert, Robert, Santamaria, Seville, Seoul, Sinerdi, Skywalker, Smilla, Snegurochka, Snezhana, Snowball, Snowball 123, Solis, Space Star, Spader, Stargate, Snowdrift, Tetris , Whiteskel, Undine, Wagon, Fargo, Flamenco, Fortrose, Françoise, Fremont, Freedom, Frontina, Hispalis, Tsare vna, Celeritas, Cendis, Cersey, Shambord, Express MS, Encanto, Yarik.
Sweet corn:
Alina, Ankor, Anna S, Athlete, Aurika, Baksan Sugar, White Cloud, Bonus, Boston, Epic, Sovereign, GC 2041, GC 5704, dachnaya1, Zolotoy Batam, Golden Ice, KR 827 SV, Krasnodar Sugar 4, Krasnodar sugar 250 SV and 280 SV, Kuban bicolor, Kuban sugar 210, gourmet, Lakomka Belogorya, Legend, Max, Merkur, Gourmet's Dream, Monarchy, MC Erica, Nika, Oktava, Porumben, Primetime, Early gourmet, Royalty, Sunrise Gold, Saratovskaya sugar, Sunrise gold, Sugar cob, Sympathy, Blue, Seduction, Spirit, Stanichnik, Super Sandance, Trophy, turbo, Morning song, Favorite, Khutoryanka, Zukerka, Chell, Shebar.
Batun onion:
April, Baia verde, Baron, Valdai, Green banner, Emerald, Giant, Ladozhsky, legionnaire, Long Tokyo, Longwhite Koshygaya, Maisky, Well done, Tenderness, Parazhde, Performer, Picnic, Russian winter, Savel, Seven-year-old, Seryozha, Totem, Trinity , Ural family.
Leek:
Alligator, Asgeos, Bandit, Vesta, Goliath, Gulliver, Casimir, Kamus, Karantansky, Columbus, Lancelot, Summer breeze, Winner, Premier, Shogun, Tango, Elephant MC.
Onion:
Apogee, Bessonovsky local, Wellington, Voronezhsky 86, Ermak, Zolotnichok, Crown, Sangro, Sanskin, Solution, Spassky local improved, Spirit, Stamford, Tamara, Tervin, Stuttgarter rizen,
Carrot:
Vitamin 6, Dayana, Yellowstone, Canada, Lydia, Malika, Marlinka, Mikulovskaya, Nantes4, Napoli, Nelly, Nerak, Niagara, Niioh 336, Red cor, Riga RZ, Rogneda, Samson, Santa Cruz, Selyanka, Sentyabrina, Tinga, Topaz , Totem, Crunch, Chantenay 2461.
Beet:
Bona, Bordeaux 237, Bordeaux single-seeded, Boro, Bravo, Summer resident, Two-seeded tskha, Egyptian flat, Matryona, Mona, Tenderness, Pablo, Rocket, Ronda, Sonata, Fortune, Hawska, Cylinder, Action.
Turnip:
Snow White, Turquoise, Granddaughter, Geisha, Golden Ball, Dunyasha, Beetle, Comet, Nurse, Lyra, Moon, Orbit, Petrovskaya 1, Purple Primorye, Purple with a white tip, Sapphire, Selecta, Snow Maiden, Jubilee 85.
Cucumber:
Abbad, Advance, Avians, Agnes, Adam, Admiral Azadi, Azbuka, Actor, Aladdin, Alex, Alexander, Alenka, Alyoshka, Ali Baba, Allen, Alligator, Allure, Altai, Alphabet, Al Biruni, Altair, Alfaten, Alliance plus, Amir, Cupid, Cupid 1801, Andryusha, Andryushka, Annika, Antoshka, Full House, Anyuta, Apollo, Appetizing, Aragats, Aramis, Arbat, Ardia, Aristocrat, Arlekino, Artek, Artist, Attila, Atlantis, Atomik, Athos, Aztek , Aabaik, Aabushkin, Bazaar, Balagan, Balalaika, Ballet, Balcony, Daddy, Balloon, Canned, Red mullet, Barez, Barin, Barcelona, White night, Squirrel, White angel, Benefis, Berendey, Bettina, Bimbo star, Blagovest, Blanca, Gemini, Bobrik, Heroic strength, Bonus, Boris, Borisych, Borovichok, Brother, Break, Brigadier, Bless you, Bouquet, Boomer, Buratino, Petrel, Butuz, Bukhara, Bystrenok, Baby mini, Balaam, Balset, Vanya-vstanka , Vasilisa, Lucky, Vereya, True friends, Veronica, Cheerful company, Cheerful friends, Cheerful notes, Cheerful guys, Veselchak, Vesen niy whim, Vivat, Vigora, Victoria, Bend, Virenta, Knight, Granddaughter, Granddaughter, Little Johnny, Voivode, Leader, Volga, Volzhsky, Wave, Sunrise, Blizzard, Vyaznikovsky 37, Vyatsky, Gavrosh, Gazelle, Hamil, Harmonist, Guardsman, Guidon, Geisha, Hector, George the Victorious, Cheetah, Gerasim, Gerda, Herman, Garland, Gnome, Homer, City gherkin, Hotel, Danila, Daria, Dachny, Dasha, Palace, Grandfather, Dedushkin, Delpina, Demarrage, Denek, Village fair , Detinets, Detroit, Kindergarten, Kindergarten, Jad, Gene, Giroft, Jode, Marvelous Marvel, Ilyas, Impulse, Irina, Quadrille, Kai, Kais, Calendar, Kanalya, Captain, Caprice, Cappuccino, Toddler, Karelian plus, Karim, Karin, Karina, Dwarf, Carlusha, Stuntman, Kassandra, Katyusha, Kafkas, Kashmir, Quartet, Classic, Claudine, Princess, Trump card, Kokueror, Hummingbird, Columbus, Kolyan, Compass, Componist, Tofi, Three tankers, Uglich, Uglich, Uglich, Successful, Mansion House, Mustached nanny, Ustyug, Suitor, Faisal, Faris, Fedya, Farmer, Filippok, Flagship, Flyer, Focus, Forward, French size, Fujiyama, Khabar, Khalif, Hammer, Khasbulat, Hit of the season, Khlebosolny, Hostess, Round dance, Khrum-Khrum, Khrumka, Ceres, Sorcerer, Cheboksarets, Chernomor, Chizhik-pyzhik, Chistye Prudy, Miracle crunch, Chupa-shchupzh , Shahin, Shayan, Shik, Shiraz, Shurik, Shustrik, Shchedrik, Evegrin, Advance, Electron 2, Eliza, Erica, Eskimo, Yarik, Fair.
Parsley:
Alba, Appetizing, Astra, Beads, Hero, Breeze, Sandwich, Vitamin, Sorceress, Vorozheya, Eastern, Gloria, Good morning, Green pearls, Green crystal, Eagle, Emerald lace, Italian hero, Italian giant, Carnival, Katyusha, Konica, Lace, Kucheryavets, Doctor, Lyubasha, Mooskrause 2, Nastenka, Nastya, Natalka, Delicate lace, Tenderness, Ordinary sheet, Olomuntska, Petra, Spicy, Plain, Prestige, Rialto, Russian feast, Sugar, Slavic, Madam, Titan Harvest, Morning freshness, Finale, Fitness, Chastushka, Esmeralda.
Tomato:
Abakan, Abakan Pink, Abbot, Aurora, Agatha, Agitator, Aggressor, Adapter, Admiral, Admiralteisky, Azhlun, Azhur, Azov, Aida, Stork, Watercolor, Aksai, Aksinya, Shark, Akulina, Scarlet Zorka, Alesi, Alei, Alekseevna, Alexia, Alyonushka, Alyosha, Alyosha Popovich, Alyoshka, Alisa, Allen 2000, Alpatieva 905 A, Alsu, Altaechka, Altai Yellow, Altai Red, Altai Orange, Altai Pink, Altai Masterpiece, Altyn, Scarlet Sails, Scarlet Candles, Albion, Alkor , Altruist, Alpha, Alaska, Amadeus, Ampelny, Ampir, Amstel, Amurskaya Zarya, Amur Cliff, Amurskiy Shtamb, Anastasia, Andreevsky Surprise, Andreyka,Andromeda, Andryushka, Angelica, Anita, Antalya, Antonio, Antoshka, Anya, Apollo, Appetizing, Arabella, Arabesque, Aravita, Arakel, Crossbow, Watermelon, Arina, Aristocrat, Arctic, Harlequin, Arnie, Arnold, Artist, Aspen, Assol Aston, Atlas, Athlete, Athos, Afen, Athena, Aphrodite, Akhtanak, Babay, Grandma's Gift, Grandma's Kiss, Grandma's Secret, Grandma's Pride, Bavaria, Crimson, Badgio, Bakshish, Ballerina, Balcony Miracle, Baltic, Banana Red, Banana Orange , Banzai, Barin, Baritone, Barmaley, Baroness, Bastion, Butterfly, Batyr, Batyanya, Bayadere, Bedouin, Baseball, Belogorskaya Cream, Betta, Biathlon, Big Beef, Business Lady, Biyskiy Rosan, Beads, Bistroks, Bityug , Noble Prince, Shine, Twins, Blitz, Rich Hata, Hero, Rich man, Bohemia, Boderin, Cheer, Fighter, Ladybug, Bokele, Big Brother, Bon Appetti, Boni Mm, Bonsai, Bonus, Borodino, Bostina, Botticelli, Keg , Boyarynya, Brave General, Boogie Woogie, Budenovka, Mace, Bumbarash, Boomerang, Buran, Buratino, B urzhuy, Bead, Butuz, Bull Forehead, Bull Heart, Bull Heart Raspberry, Beaufort, Bella Rosa, Important Person, Valdai, Valentina, Waltz, Currency, Valya, Varvara, Varyag, Vasilina, Vasilyevna, Vasya-Vasilek, Your Majesty, Inspiration , Lucky, Great Warrior, Noble, Venus, Crown, Venice, Vereya, Verlioka, Verlioka Plus, Vernissage, Loyalty, Vershok, Merry Dwarf, Spring Round dance, Spring, Spring of the North, Vesta, Westland, Eternal Call, Explosion, Viagra, Viardo , Vivat, Viscount, Victoria, Virtuoso, Knight, Cherry Pink, Cherry Black, Cherry Yellow, Cherry Royal, Cherry Red, Vlad, Granddaughter, Granddaughter Lyubov, Vovchik, Waterfall, Leader of the Redskins, Volzhsky, Wave, Volovye Ears, Vologda, Vologda Hail, Wizard, Magic Cascade, Sparrow, Delight, Voyage, Flash, Prodigy, Upstart, Vyatich, Gavrosh, Guyana, Galaxy, Galapagos, Hamlet, Guarantor, Midshipman, Harmony, Gelena, Gelius, Gaia, Gigarbil, Gigalant , Glamor, Glasha, Globe, Goldmar, Dove, Hopak, Gordippia, Gorlinka, Horus Pozhanin, Citizen, Sovereign, Gravity, Grando, Count Cagliostro, Greek woman, Mushroom Lukoshko, Grina, Grozdevoy, Grandmaster, Ground Gribovsky 1180, Canning Pear, Gs 12, Gourmet, Delida, Ladies Fingers, Ladies Pleasure, Danko, Daryonka, Daria Country Favorite, Dasha, Yard, De Barao Gold, De Barao Orange, De Barao Pink, De Barao Black, De Facto, Debut, Debutante, Delicacy, Demidov, Dessert, Dessert Pink, Children's Joy, Children's Sweetness, Kindergarten, Kindergarten , Jaga, Jumbo, Jerash, Gina Tst, Joker, Juliet, Diana, Marvelous, Divo, Dina, Dniester Pearls, Dniester Red, Kindness, Good fellow, Dobrynya Nikitich, Kind, Dolores, Home, Don Quixote, Donatello, Donna Anna, Donya, Dear Guest, Burly, Daughter, Dragoon, Drive, Friends-Comrades, Dual Erly, Ducati, Dulcinea, Dulce, Dunyasha, Darling, Duel Plus, Dandy, Thumbelina, Eva, Evgeniya, Eurasia, Ekaterina, Elansky, Elizaveta, Eliseevsky , Elisha, Zhadelo, Firebird, Iron Lady, Yellow Rocket, Yellow Melting Cap, Yellow Ball, Pearl Yellow, Pearl Red, Pearl of Siberia, Pearl, Little Wife, Zhigul, Giraffe, Fat, Crane, Mystery of Nature, Glow, Dawn of the East, Zaryana, Table, Evening Party, Asterisk, Big Man, Zelenushka, Countryman, Zenith, Zero, Winter Cherry, Goldilocks, Zloty Dashch, Golden Andromeda, Golden Bead, Golden Bullet, Golden Rhapsody, Golden Fish, Golden Mother-in-law, Golden Fleece, Golden Heart, Golden, Golden Age, Golden Rain, Golden King , Golden, Golden Domes, Cinderella, Zorro, Zyryanka, Ivan Kupala, Ivanushka, Ivanich, Ivette, Hidalgo, Chosen One, Isis, Abundant, Emerald Standard, Raisin, Zest, Orange caviar, Illusion, Ilona, Ilya Muromets, Imitator, Imitator, Empire, Ingrit, Indio, Incas, Instinct, Intuition, Infinity, Iogen, Irina, Irina Sedek, Irishka, Irok, Irene, Iskander, Temptation, Source, Isfara, June, Cavalier, Cavalierguard, Cavalcade, Cadet, Quadrille, Kalash, Caliber ,Kalinka-Malinka, Kalista, Kalisti, Kalita, California, Kalroma, Cameo, Campari, Kamchatka, Canary Islands, Canna 218, Canopus, Capeya, Capia, Capia Pink, Drop, Caporal, Caprice, Yellow Caramel, Red Caramel, Caramel, Carat, Cardinal, Karina, Carlusha, Carmen, Carnival, Karotinka, Cartouche, Cartier, Cascade, Stuntman, Caspian, Caspian, Katenka, Katrina, Katyusha, Katya, Kashtanka, Kayaambe, Kvitka, Kemerovets, Koenig, Kenigsberg, Kentavrdo, Kera Key Largo, Kizilbashi, Kinda, Kineshma, Kyoto, Kirzhach, Kirpili, Clarabella, Classic, Cleopatra, Clepa, Klusha, Princess, Princess, Prince, Hummingbird, Kolobok, Bells of Russia, Colombina, Colorado, Combat commander, Commissar, Komiturp , Konya, Conquistador, Conservato, Consul, Coral, Corvinus, Queen Margot, Korolev, Royal, King, Bullfighting, Mower, Cosmos, Kostroma, Far North, Krakoviak, Beauty of the Garden, Beauty of Russia, Handsome, Handsome Meaty, Beauty of Moscow, Handsome , Red Bunch, Red Comet, Krasnaya Polyana, Krasnaya Presnya, Kras Naya Arrow, Little Red Riding Hood, Red Sun, Krasnobai, Red Guard, Krasnogorsky, Krasnodar, Red Cheeks, Red Giant, Red Globe, Red Fang, Red Ray, Pretty Woman, Kremlin, Die Hard, Strong, Kriviansky, Kristall, Kronos, Kronprinz, Krosh -Khavroshechka, Crimean Rose, Ksenia, Kubanets, Kuban Cossacks, Kuban, Kubyshka, Wizard, Kuzya, Doll, Doll Dasha, Doll Masha, Culinary specialist, Pendant, Idol, Kumushka, Kunero, Merchant, Cupid, Couplet, Merchant's wife, Kurnosik , Kutuzov, Ladushka, Lime, Leistell, Life, Gourmet, Manatee, Aladdin's Lamp, Lampo, Larisa, Weasel, Affectionate Misha, Swallow, Laura, Lafanya, Leandra, Lev, Levchik, Legionnaire, Lazybok, Lezginka, Lendael, Lelya , Leningrad Giant, Leningradsky Chill, Lenore, Leopold, Summer Garden, Liverpool, Leader, Lydia, Lisa, Lily Marlene, Lilos, Lemon, Lina, Linda, Lindos, Battleship, Chanterelle, Leah, Lodge, Lola, Long Keeper, Longf, Lord, Lothar, Lotus, Luidor, Luxor, Moon, Moonlight Sonata, Moonlight, Radiant, Lionheart tse, Lyubava, Lyuban, Favorite of the Kuban, Favorite King, Favorite Holiday, Lover, Love, Earthly Love, Louis Xvii, Lyalafa, Lyana, Master, Magistral, Tycoon, Magnet, Magnum 44, Magnus, Madeira, Madeira, Madeleine, Madonna, Major, Maidan, Majorita, Maisky, Maisolun, Macarena, Max, Maximilian, Maksimka, Maxifort, Malachite Box, Little Prince, Malets, Malika, Raspberry, Raspberry Dawn, Raspberry Cubicle, Raspberry, Raspberry Ozharovsky, Raspberry Giant, Raspberry Giant Ringing, Raspberry Elephant, Raspberry Ball, Baby, Malvina, Boy-S-Finger, Mom's Siberian, Mom's Joy, Mammoth, Mamula, Mommy, Mandarin duck, Manechka, Mani, Manon, Manuela, Manych, Manyasha, Marabou, Margarita, Mariana , Mariachi Rz, Marissa, Marisha, Marishka, Maria, Marquise, Mars, Martian, Martez, Marusia, Martha, Marshal, Maryushka, Maryana, Massad, Master, Matador, Matias, Matryoshka, Matrix, Mountain Spring, Maestro, Lighthouse, Bear Paw, Medina, Bronze Horseman, Honey Cluster, Honey Candy, Honey, Honey Spas, Melody, Mentor, Minuet, Blizzard, Metis, Lazy Dream, Lover's Dream, Gardener's Dream, Mig, Mikulich, Cutie, Milady, Millennium, Millar, Minaret, Minor, Mirage, Mirsini, Mithridat, Michaela, Micah, Michelle, Moderatto , Module, Lightning, Well done, Moment, Mona Lisa, Monastic Meal, Monk, Mondial, Monti, Moravian Miracle, Walrus, Frost, Moryana, Mosino, Moskvich, Muscovy, Moscow, Shaggy Bumblebee, My Love, My Joy, Moire, Sage , Hubby, Mulatto B, Moulin Rouge, Moon, Murza, Navigator, Reward, Hope, Nastya, Nastya, Nastya, Nastya-Slastena, Natalie, Natasha, Nuts, Natus, Natus, Nafanya, Finding the Summer resident, Our Masha, Naples, Bridesmaid, Nevskaya Gourmet, Nevsky Prospect, Negro, Tenderness, Nepryadva, Neptune, Unexpected Joy, Niagara, Nika, Nikitka, Nikola, Novato, Novato, New Kuban, New Transnistria, Newbie, Newbie De Luxe, Newbie Pink, New Year, New Prince, Nolik Normandy, Spout, New Vasyuki, Newton,O-La-La, Seducer, Aries, Moscow Lights, Spark, Gardener, Garden Sorcerer, Odile, Odysseus, Yellow Necklace, Red Necklace, Oksana, Olesya, Olga, Olya, Ondrashek, Onyx, Opera, Opera, Orange, Orange Cap , Orange Summer, Orange Heart, Orange Avury, Orange Fight, Orange Elephant, Organza, Origami, Orko, Eagle, Eagle Heart, Eagle Beak, Orpheus, Ostozhenka, Excellent student, Otradny, Otranto, Ochakov, Charm, Pablo, Peacock, Pagoda, Paladin, Palenque, Palmyra, Pamella, In memory of Maris, Memorable, Pandarosa, Panticapaeum, Paradise, Parodist, Paronset, Partner Semko, Parus, Paruch, Patrikeevna, Patriot, Patrice, Patron, Pegasus, Pedro, Pelageya, Perebudova, Peremoga 165 , Peresvet, Peach, Finger, Perun, Perfectpil, Pepper Giant, Pepper Yellow, Pepper Orange, Pepper, Peto 86 Original, Peter the First, Petrovsky, Pygmy, Pietro, Piket, Pico De Aneto, Picolino, Pilgrim 8, Pilot, Penguin Pink, Pink Gel, Pink Paradise, Pink Rise, Pink Solution, Pink Unicum, Pinocchio, P Ioner, Pirouette, Plasma, Plasma 58, Platinum, Platinum, Breaking, Plyushkin, Winner, Gift for a Woman, Gift of Kuban, Fairy's Gift, Gift, Poddubny, Moscow Region, Snowdrop, Poznan, Polbig, Noon, Polonaise, Polosatik, Poltava, Polfast, Pole, Polar Explorer, Pomisolka, Pont, Donut, Try, Parrot, Portland, Portland, Porthos, Poseidon, Poet, Pragmatist, Festive, Pride, Present, President 2, Precosix, Fair Lady, Premium, Premier, Prima, Prima Dona, Prima Lux, Prima donna, Primorets, Circumpolar, Progress, Bird of Happiness, Button, Pudovik, Pulrex, Flaming Heart, Donut, Lush Merchant, Piglet, Friday, Radogost, Joyful, Rainbow, Rainbow Widow, Radunitsa, Salty, Raisa, Paradise candy Rocket, Rally, Ramsay, Ramses, Ranetochka, Early Success, Early Love, Ranovik, Rhapsody, Dawn, Rebelski, Reba, Revenge, Examiner, Revolution, Red Manul, Red Sky, Record-holder, Rex, Rector, Resource, Reflex, Reshma, Rigonda, Rio Bravo, Rio Grande Original, Reef, Richie, Rover, Spring, Spring, Christmas, Wind Rose, Rosaletta, Rosalisa, Rosalinda, Rosamarin, Rosamarin Pound, Rosanna, Rosario, Rosebeef, Rose, Rosetta, Rosina, Rosmax, Andromeda pink, Pink Beauty, Pink Stele, Rose Heart, Rose Miracle, Pink Cheeks, Pink Glamor, Pink Whale, Pink Leader, Pink Honey, Pink Elephant, Pink Snow, Pink Spam, Pink Souvenir, Pink Titanium, Pink Flamingo, Pink King, Rock and Roll, Rocker, Roxalana, Rolex, Rum, Romana , Romantic, Dewdrop, Rosita, Rotkappchen, Rochefort, Ruby Cup, Rumba Ozharovska, Blush, Ruddy Bock, Ruslan, Russian Soul, Russian Empire, Russian Beauty, Russian Vityaz, Russian Taste, Russian Hero, Russian Hotel, Russian Size, Russian Style , Russian Tsar, Rufina, Ryzhik, Knight, Rychansky, Rapid, Ryugen, Rurik, Ryabinushka, Sabala, Sabelka, Sadik, Sadin, Sadko, Site, Salahaddin, Salute, Samara, Samokhval, Gem, Gem Golden, Emerald Gem, Radiant Gem , Gem Jade, Samurai, Sana, S unrise, Santa Claus, Santiago, Sancho Panza, Sunshine, Sanka, Sapporo, Sargon, Sarmat, Sakhalin, White Sugar, Brown Sugar, Red Sugar, Pink Sugar, Sugar Giant, Mother-in-law, Svetlana, Firefly, Brother-in-law, Svyatogor, Seada, Severenok , Northern Star, Northern Queen, Northern Beauty, Northern Baby, Northern Lights, Northern Miracle, Northern Blush, Northern Express, Severyanka, Seilin, Family, Semyonich, Seven, Semko 100, Semko 101, Semko 18, Semko 2000, Semko 2003, Semko 2005, Semko 2006, Semko 2010, Semko 98, Semko 99, Semko Sindbad, Semko Soyuz, Seven Forty, Senator, Saint Bernard, Senkara, Sentyabrina, Senor, Server, Sergei, Heartbreaker, Serna, Sister, Sister, Siberian Troika, Siberian Lights, Siberian Giant, Siberian Trump, Siberian Malachite, Siberian Pirouette, Siberian Precocious, Siberian Surprise, Siberian Express, Siberian Miracle, Siberian, Siberian, Siverets, Silhouette, Simona, Handsome, Sindel, Titmouse, Sirtaki,Sita, Shining Ball, Scythian, Scorpio, Slav, Slav, Slavic, Sweet Bunch, Sweet Girl, Sweet Million, Sweet Tooth, Sweet, Cream Yellow, Cream Red, Cream Pink, Slot, Snegirek, Snowman, Snowfall, Snowfall, Snowfall Queen, Snow Fairy Tale, Snow Leopard, Gemini Constellation, Libra Constellation, Aquarius Constellation, Virgo Constellation, Capricorn Constellation, Leo Constellation, Cancer Constellation, Pisces Constellation, Sagittarius Constellation, Falcon, Solar, Solaris Jaerossus, Solar Sun , Nightingale, Solokha, Solo Number, Solaris, Somma, Opponent, Sosulechka, Sophia, Soyuz 8, Spartak, Speistar, Spiridon, Sprint 2, Octopus, Sputnik, Stanichnik, Starbuck, Starrose, Start, Stepashka, Stesha, Stills, Stozhary, Ostrich, Swift, Subarctic, Suzdal, Sultan, Sumoist, Handbag, Super Red, Supergol, Supermodel, Super prize, Suria, Drying, Happiness, Happiness Russian, Sonny, Sera, T 34, T 47849, Tais, Typhoon, Talalikhin 186, Talent , Talitsa, Taman, Tamerlane, Tanya, Tarpan, Tatyan a, Townsville, Twist, Taurus, Teremok, Testi, Texas, Tigris, Timofeich, Titan, Titanic, Title, Tolin, Fatty, Fatty, Fat Boatswain, Fat Neighbor, Fat Man, Tomaland, Tomimaru Mucho, Topkatyzhka, Topkapizhka , Torbey, Torero, Torzhok, Torquay, Torpedo, Totoshka, Trans King, Trans Novelty, Trans Rio, Three Fat Men, Trivet, Tristar, Triumph, Troika, Ace, Tuymazinets, Turandot, Tourmaline, Teifan, Tyutchevsky, Heavyweight of Siberia, Uvalen, Drummer, Luck, Successful, Ulysses, Smile, Handyman, Unique, Uniform, Uno, Hurricane, Ural, Urbana, Delight, Ustinya, Duckling, Morning Dew, Suitor, Faberge, Favorite 6, Favorite, Pheasant, Faino, Fakir, Fact, Fan, Fantasio, Fantasy, Fantastina, Fantomas, Pharaoh, Lucky, Fatalist, Fireworks, Felicita, Fenda, Theodora, Farmer, Fairy, Figaro, Fidelio, Fiesta, Filippok, Filia, Finish, Fifty 50, Flag, Flamenco, Flamingo , Flexion, Florida 47 R, Fokker, Flashlight, Fontana, Forward, Fast and Furious, Forte Mare, Forte Orange, Fortuna, Forshmak, Frant, French Breakfast, Frigate, Frisco, Freestyle, Funtik, Fuete, Family, Fancy, Habana, Khabarovsk Pink 308, High Color 312, Hines 1100, Hines 2710, Hines 9280, Hines 9775, Hypil 108, Halai, Hali-Gali, Khalifa, Khan, Charisma, Harnash, Khilma, Khlebosolny, Khlynovsky, Khokhloma, Khrustik, Persimmon, Khutorskoy Salting, Tsarevich, Tsarevna, Tsarin, Tsar's Branch, Tsar's Gift, Tsarskoye Selo, Tsar Bell, Tsar Peter, Tsilao, Tsinrupy, Tsuna , Chapay, Charleston, Enchantress, Enchantress, Chelbas, Shuttle, Cherry, Cherry Blosem, Chernomor, Black Baron, Black Elephant, Blackie, Cherryira, Cherrikira, Cherricollo, Cherrylisa, Cherrylikopa, Cherrimio, Cerrinano, Cherryfingers, Chesmaibli, Chibis Chizhik, Chio-Chio-San, Miracle of Altai, Miracle of the Earth, Chukhloma, Shagane, Shakira, Shalun, Chance, Shaolin, Cap of Monomakh, Sharada, Sharik, Charlotte, Charm, Shuttle, Scheherazade, Shady Lady, Shelf, Shannon, Sherami, Sherkhan, Shiva, Shipka, Chocolate, Chocolate, Shuntuk Giant, Shustrik, Generosity, Nutcracker, Evolution, Aigen, Euphoria, Equator, Ex otica, Extreme, Elegant, Elegy, Elegro, Elton John, Eldorado, Elya, Em Champion, Emir, Emperador, Energo, Enigma, Erato, Erkol, Hermitage, Esmeralda, Effect, Anniversary of Moscow Region, Jubilee Vir, Jubilee, South Tan , Junior, Juno, Yurand, Yuryevsky, Yukhas, Jaguar, Yaki, Yakimanka, Yamal 200, Yantarny 530, Amber Cup, Japanese Crab, Yaponchik, Yaroslav, Yaroslavna, Yasik, Jason, Yakhont.
Pear:
Veselinka, Lada, Lel, Small, Otradnenskaya, Perun, Powislaya, Svarog, Severyanka, Sibiryachka.
Apple tree:
Alenushka, Altai crimson, Antonovka ordinary, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Grushovka Moscow, Pepinchik's daughter, Zhivinka, Zhigulevskoe, Winter Baikalov, Winter saffron, Krasnoyarskoe sweet, Lada, Laletino, Loiko, Lyubimitsa Shevchenko, Martyanovskoe, Minusba , Autumn joy, Papirovka, Pepin saffron, Girlfriend, Ranetka purple, Northern Sinap, Sinap Minusinsky, Glory of Buryatia, Darkie, Juice 3, Spartak, Tubinskoe, Ural liquor, Welsey, Flashlight, Khakassky Sinap, Chafran, Chudnoe ...
Honeysuckle:
Baikal, Bakcharskaya, Berel, Blue spindle, Cinderella, Krasnoyarochka, Minusinsk blue, Fire opal, In memory of Gidzyuk, Parabel, Blue bird
Strawberries:
Darenka, Zarya, Krasnoyarka, Nadezhda, Ogonyok, Ruby pendant, Festivalnaya, Fairy.
Kalina:
Vigorovskaya, Zholobovskaya, Ulgen.
Gooseberry:
Candy, Muromets, Reliable, Pink 2.
Raspberries:
Barnaul, Shiny, Chestplate, Bell
Sea buckthorn:
Alei, Businka, Gnome, Elizabeth, Zhivko, Favorite, Minusa, Abundant, Panteleevskaya, Excellent, Ruet, Solnechnaya, Chechek, Chuiskaya.
White currant:
Belaya Potapenko, Minusinskaya white, Yuterbogskaya, Red currant, Krasnaya Andreichenko, Natalie, Early sweet, Ural dawns.
Black currant:
Aleander, Altayanka, Bagira, Belarusian sweet, Galinka, Hercules, Detskoselskaya, Worthy, Druzhnaya, Zabaikalochka, Green Haze, Kalinovka, Karachinskaya, Ksyusha, Lama, Minusinskaya sweet, Minusinskaya steppe, Golubnaya, In memory of Potapenko, Seya Kuminets Treasure, Shadrikha, Spherical.
Bird cherry:
Mavra, Late Joy.
Rose hip:
Victory, Rukh.
List of varieties of vegetables for the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
List of zoned recommended varieties for the Krasnoyarsk Territory according to the 1967 directory.KRASNOYARSK REGION
Zones of the region and distribution by zones of administrative districts (without Taimyr and Evenk national districts).
I.Lowland taiga... Districts: Boguchansky (northern part), Yeniseisky, Motyginsky, Severo-Yeniseisky and Turukhansky.
II.Taiga of mountains and foothills... Districts: Abanskiy (northeastern taiga part), Balakhtinekiy (northern part of the Prichulym), Boguchanskiy (southern part), Bolshemurtinskiy (right bank of the Yenisei River), Emelyanovskiy (southwestern taiga part), Ermakovskiy (southern part), Idrinskiy (right bank of the river) Anjar), Ilansky (southeastern part), Irbeysky (southeastern part), Kazachinsky (right bank of the Yenisei River), Kansky (western taiga part along the border with the Sukhobuzimsky district), Karatuzsky (upper reaches of the Amyl River), Kezhemsky, Krasnoturanskny (northern part of the left bank of the Ubei River), Nazarovsky (forested part), Pirovsky (northern part), Sayansky (southern part), Sukhobuzimsky (right bank of the Yenisei River), Taseevsky (northern taiga part), Uzhursky (taiga part), Uyarsky (southwestern part), Sharypovsky (forested part), Shushensky (southern taiga part) and areas of the Khakass autonomous region: Askizsky (forested part), Bogradsky (mountain taiga part), Ordzhonikidze (mountain taiga part), Tashtypsky (mountain taiga part) part), Ust-Abakansky (western part) and Shirinsky (mountain taiga part).
III. Lowland subtaiga... Districts: Abansky (central subtaiga low-lying part), Achinsky (forested part), Birilyussky (northern part), Bogotolsky (northern subtaiga part), Bolshemurtinsky (western forested part), Bolsheuluysky (forested part), Emelyanovsky (north-western subtaiga part) , Kazachinsky (left bank of the Yenisei River), Maysky (northern part), Pirovsky (southern part) and Tyukhtetsky (northern part).
IV. Subtaiga foothills... Districts: Abansky (central subtaiga foothill part), Balakhtinsky (right bank of the Yenisei River), Birilyussky (southern part), Bogotolsky (central part), Dzerzhinsky (except for the southern part), Yemelyanovsky (southeastern forested part of the right bank of the Yenisei River), Karatuzsky ( lower right bank of the Amyl River), Kuraginsky (eastern part), Mansky (southern part), Nizhneingashsky (except for the western part), Novoselovsky (right bank of the Yenisei River), Partizansky (forested part), Rybinsky (forested part), Sayansky (except for the southern part) , Taseevsky (except for the northern taiga part), Tyukhtetsky (southern part), Uyarsky (forested part), Shushensky (central subtaiga part) and Tashtypsky (central part) region of the Khakass autonomous region.
V. Forest-steppe foothills... Districts: Abansky (southern forest-steppe part), Achinsky (except for the forested part), Balakhtinsky (central forest-steppe part), Bogotolsky (southern forest-steppe part), Bolshemurtinsky (left bank of the Yenisei River), Bolsheuluisky (except for the forested part), Dzerzhinsky (southern part),Emelyanovskiy (northeastern forest-steppe part of the left bank of the Yenisei River along the border with the Bolshemurtinskiy and Sukhobuzimskiy districts), Ermakovekiy (northern part), Idrinskiy (excluding the right bank of the Anjar River), Ilanskiy (excluding the southeastern part), Irbeisky (excluding the southeastern part) , Kansky (central forest-steppe part), Karatuzsky (central forest-steppe part), Kuraginsky (western part), Minusinsky (eastern part), Nazarovsky (except for the forested part), Nizhneingashsky (western part), Partizansky (except for the forested part), Rybinsky (except forested part), Sukhobuzimsky (left bank of the Yenisei River); Uzhursky (forest-steppe part), Uyarsky (except for the forested part), Sharypovsky (except for the forested part) and Shushensky (northern forest-steppe part).
Vi. Foothill steppe on ordinary and southern chernozems... Districts: Krasnoturansky (except for the northern part of the left bank of the Ubei River), Minusinsky (western part), Novoselovsky (except for the right bank of the Yenisei River), Shushensky (steppe part) and districts of the Khakass Autonomous Region: Altai (eastern and southwestern parts), Beisky (except steppe part on dark chestnut soils), Bogradsky (steppe part), Ordzhonikidzevsky (except for the mountain taiga part), Tashtypsky (steppe part) and Shirinsky (steppe part).
Vii.Foothill steppe on chestnut and dark chestnut soils... Districts of the Khakass Autonomous Region: Altai (except for the eastern and southwestern parts), Askiz (except for the forested part), Beisky (steppe part on dark chestnut soils) and Ust-Abakan (except for the western mountain taiga part).
Varietal zoning by crops
Winter rye... Zones I, II and IV: Vyatka. Zone III: Kamalinskaya 4, Vyatka. Zone V: Vyatka, Kamalinskaya 13. Zone VI: Kamalinskaya 13.
Spring wheat... Zone 1: early maturing - Tulun 14. Zone II and III: early maturing - Lutescens 1729; mid-early - Rock. Zone IV: mid-early - Skala; mid-season - Diamond. Zone V: mid-early - Rocket, Rock; mid-season - Saratovskaya 29, Diamant; for open parts - mid-season - Kharkovskaya 46; in addition, for Shushensky (northern part), Idrinsky (except for the right bank of the Anjar River), Karatuzsky (except for parts of the district included in zones II and IV) and Kuraginsky (western part) districts - late ripening - Milturum 553. Zone VI: mid-early - Raketa ; mid-season - Saratovskaya 29, Kharkovskaya 46; late ripening - at the first sowing dates - Milturum 553. Zone VII: mid-early - Rocket; mid-season - Saratovskaya 29, Kharkovskaya 46; late ripening - Milturum 553; with irrigation - late ripening - Milturum 553.
Oats... Zone I: Golden shower, Shizu. Zones II, III, IV and V; Shizu, Golden rain, Eagle. Zones VI and VII: Victory, Eagle.
Spring barley... Zones I, II and III: Krasnoyarsk I, without primary seed production - Chervonets. Zones IV and V: Krasnoyarsk I, Viner; without primary seed production - Chervonets. Zones VI and VII: Wiener.
Millet... Zone IV: Kamalinskoe 40. Zone V: Kazanskoe 506, Kamalinskoe 40. Zones VI and VII: Kazanskoe 506, Novourenskoe 241.
Buckwheat... Zones I, III, IV, V and VI: Kalinin, Belorussian (Tulun reproduction). Zones II and VII: Kalininskaya.
Peas... Zones I, II, III, IV and VI: Torsdag. Zone V: Krasnoufimsky 70, Torsdag ,. Zone VII: on dry land and during irrigation - Torsdag.
Beans... Zone VII: under irrigation - Generous.
Sunflower... Zone V: Yenisei. Zones VI and VII: Yenisei, Chernyanka 66.
Mustard... For mustard-growing areas: VNIIMK 351, Druzhnaya.
Poppy... Zones II, V and VI: Barnaulsky 490.
Ryzhik... For the areas of saffron milk cap cultivation: Voronezh 339, Shortandinsky.
Oil flax... For areas of oil flax cultivation: Voronezh 1308.
Sugar beet... Along the edge: Ramonskaya 06, Biyskaya 541.
Makhorka... For areas of makhorka cultivation АС 18/7; in addition, for the V zone - Datura 956; for the VI zone - Pekhlets 39/34.
Fiber flax... For fiber flax growing areas: 1288/12.
Hemp... For areas of hemp cultivation: Ermakovskaya local.
Potato... Zones I and III: early ripening - Early Priekulsky (crustacean), Phalensky (crustacean); mid-early - Kolpashevsky; medium late - Berlichingen (crustacean). Zone II: early maturing - Priekulsky early; mid-early - Kolpashevsky; mid-late - Berlichingen. Zone IV: early ripening - Early Priekulsky, Falensky; mid-early - Kolpashevsky; mid-late - Berlichingen.Zone V: early ripening - Priekulsky early, Taiga early; mid-early - Kolpashevsky; mid-late - Berlichingen. Zone VI: early ripening - Priekulsky early, Taiga, early; mid-late - Berlichingen. Zone VII: early maturing - Priekulsky early. For the Evenk National District: mid-late - Berlichingen.
White cabbage... Zone I: early ripening - No. 1 Gribovskiy 147, No. 1 polar K-206, Golden hectare 1432; mid-early - Stakhanovka 1513; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231; mid-late - Belorusskaya 455. Zones II, III, IV, V and VI: early ripening - Number one Gribovsky 347, Number one polar K-206; mid-early - Stakhanovka 1513; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231, Slava 1305; mid-late - Belorusskaya 455; in addition, for zones II and V - early ripening - Golden hectare 1432, for zones IV, V and VI - mid-late - Gift, Zone VII: early ripening - Kuusiku varayane, Number one polar K-206; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231; mid-late - Belorusskaya 455, Gift.
Red cabbage... Along the edge: Stone head 447.
Cauliflower... On the edge: Early Gribovskaya 1355, Patriotic.
Salad... Along the edge: Parisian green.
Cucumbers... Along the edge: Muromsky 36, Altai early 166, Vyaznikovsky 37; in addition, for V, VI and VII zones Unbearable 40; for zone VII - VIR 507. For greenhouses. Along the edge: hybrid VIR I.
Tomatoes... Along the edge: Gruntovy mushroom 1180, Siberian early ripening; in addition, for the V, VI and VII zones - Alpatieva 905-a. For greenhouses of winter-spring turnover. Along the edge: Altai greenhouse.
Onions on a turnip... Culture from sample. On the edge: Bessonovsky local and other best local varieties. Biennial crop from sevka. On the edge: Bessonovsky and Strigunovsky locals; in addition, for the V, VI and VII zones - the Golden ball. Annual seed culture. Zones: V, VI and VII: Golden ball, local Strigunovsky.
Bow on a green feather... Along the edge: batun, chives.
Garlic... On the edge: the best local varieties.
Table carrot... Zone I: Nantes 4. Zones II, III and IV: Nantes 4, Chantenay 2461. Zones V, VI and VII: Nantes 4, Chantenay 2461, Moscow winter A-515.
Table beet... Zone I: Polar flat K-249, Podzimnyaya A-474. Zones II, III, IV, V, VI and VII: Siberian flat 167/1367, Bordeaux 237.
Turnip... Along the edge: Petrovskaya I, Milanese white red-headed 283.
Dining rutabaga... Along the edge: Krasnoselskaya.
Radish... On the edge: Arkhangelsk local, Winter round black, Odessa 5.
Parsley... Along the edge: Harvest.
Radish... Along the edge: Red Sharapovsky, Virovsky White.
Sugar peas... Along the edge: Soup Spatula 181, Inexhaustible 195.
Shelling peas... Along the Edge: Early 301, Mergert.
Vegetable beans... Zones V, VI and VII: Saxon without fiber 615, Generous.
Beans... Along the edge: Russians are black.
Watermelon... Zones V, VI and VII: Stokes 647/649, Lyubimets of the Pyatigorsk farm 286.
Melons... Zones V, VI and VII: Kolkhoz Woman 749/753.
Pumpkin... Zones V, VI and VII: Almond 35.
Zucchini... Zones V, VI and VII: Gribovskie 37.
Corn... Along the edge: mid-early - hybrids Bukovinsky 3, Dneprovsky 56 (Dneprovsky 56T); admit to sowing medium late - Sterling.
Vika... Zones IV, V, VI and VII: Kamalinskaya 611.
Sunflower for silage... Zones IV, V, VI and VII: Krasnoyarsk silo.
Kale... Along the edge: Brain green Vologda.
Panic... Zones V, VI and VII; Omsk 10.
Alfalfa... For areas of alfalfa cultivation in zones V, VI and VII: Kamalinskaya 930. Zone VII: during irrigation - Kamalinskaya 530.
Clover... Zones I, II and III: Kazachinsky local and other best local single-cut varieties. Zone IV: Kamalinsky 304, Kazachinsky local and other best local single-cut varieties. Zone V: for areas of clover cultivation - Kamalinsky 304.
Timofeevka... Zones I, II, III and IV: Leningradskaya 204, the best local varieties. Zone V: Kamalinskaya 96, Leningradskaya 204, the best local varieties.
Wheat grass rootless... For areas of cultivation of rootless wheatgrass V and VII zones: Kamalinsky 175. Zone VI: Omsk Regneria.
Meadow fescue... Zone V: Kamalinskaya 95.
Siberian hair... Zones V and VI: Kamalinsky 7.
Fodder carrots... Zones I, II, III, IV, V and VII: Chantenay 2461, Guérande.
Fodder beet... Along the edge: Barres; in addition, for zones II, III, IV, V, VI and VII - Siberian orange.
Fodder rutabaga... Along the edge: Swedish.
Turnips... Along the edge: Ostersundomsky.
For hay use in floodplain meadows
Awnless bonfire... Along the edge: SIBNIISKHOZ 189.
Table of contentsLiterature: Catalog of zoned varieties of agricultural crops in the RSFSR, 1967.
OKVED
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Plant growing
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Growing fruits, nuts, beverage and spice crops
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Growing of other fruits and nuts
/ Growing fruit and berry crops
| 10 companies | Krasnoyarsk city |
- 1. DT "MFA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 2. LLC "ELAND" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 3. DT "WINGED" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 4. DT "YASNAYA POLYANA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 5. DT "MEDVEZHYA VOLINA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 6. ST "BELKA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 7. SNT "SMOKOTINO" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 8. DT YARICHI Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 9. LLC "KRASNOYARSKAYA FRUIT AND BERRY STATION" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
- 10. DT "DRUZHBA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
Nowhere in the world are there gardens that would grow in such harsh natural conditions as in Siberia. Gardens in Siberia are a major achievement of Michurin's agrobiological science, which rests on the unshakable foundation of dialectical materialism.
Siberian residents of Michurin are proud that gardening arose and developed in Siberia as a new branch of agriculture during the years of Soviet power. We call, not without reason, Siberian gardens the brainchild of the collective farm system. It was the collective farm system that gave a start in life to the idea of Siberian gardening, which until then had vegetated on the estates of rare single amateurs.
It goes without saying that in order to win the idea of Siberian gardening, it was necessary to create new varieties of fruit crops that would be in harmony with Siberian nature. It is known that numerous attempts to introduce fruit plants from old horticultural areas have ended in constant failure. This failure was predetermined by the entire complex of Siberian natural conditions.
First of all, the short frost-free period played a negative role, in which the seasonal rhythm of development of fruit plants brought to Siberia does not fit. Further - a long frosty winter, leading to the defeat of plant tissues that have not matured during the summer. And, finally, the feverish change in temperature, characteristic of the purely continental climate of Siberia, especially in the spring and early autumn periods, completes the trouble and leads to the final death of fruit plants transferred to an unusual natural environment for them.
And yet the traditional breeds of the old regions of domestic fruit growing - apple, pear, cherry, plum - are the main fruit crops in Siberian orchards. However, it can be argued with good reason that here, in Siberia, in a new area for horticulture, new content has also been invested in the usual names of fruit crops. We will try to show this on the individual, mentioned by us, fruit crops.
Apple tree
Natural siberian apple tree... In Eastern Siberia, along the shores and islands of the Shilka and Onona rivers on pebble shoals, a natural wild Siberian apple tree grows - "Siberian", as it is called here. This is the Pallasov apple tree - the world's most winter-hardy apple tree species.
But it was not for nothing that she was given the name of a berry apple tree, the weight of its tiny apples, the size of a medium-sized pea, fluctuates between 0.3-1.0 g. a thin peduncle, at least 3-4 times larger than the diameter of the apple. What is characteristic - the stalks stick out on the tree all winter: they are so firmly attached to the fruits. The characteristic features of the Siberian fruit include liquefying pulp, with its full biological maturity. Due to such a jelly-like consistency of the fruit, it is easily separated from the stalk, which, as said, remains on the tree all winter after the bountiful harvest has been pecked by birds.The harvest in Siberian beetles is indeed abundant - not by weight, but by the number of fruits, since it sets 5-6-7 apples in the scutellum, in a word, according to the number of flowers on the tree.
An adaptation to the extremely harsh climate of Eastern Siberia is the easy germination of seeds of the wild Siberian apple tree. It is enough for them to germinate two weeks of stratification at temperatures close to zero. The tight timing of the East Siberian fleeting spring has created this property of the fastest germination, which is useful for preserving the species, in comparison with other apple species that have formed in more favorable climatic conditions.
In its natural range, Siberian bean is a fruit tree for the local population, from which fruits are willingly collected both for fresh consumption and for pickles, pie fillings, making jelly, etc. Despite its light astringency, the liquid pulp of Siberian apples after the first frost is quite pleasant, especially in its yellow-fruited forms, which occur in nature along with the more frequent red-fruited forms.
Ranetki... Among the garden forms of the Siberian tree (often in terms of the size of fruits and the general habit of the plant, they differ little from the wild Siberian apple tree) there is a group of varieties, the so-called "ranetoks". The presence of the Siberian apple tree in the hereditary basis of the ranetki is manifested in its high winter hardiness, which makes it possible to successfully cultivate them in Siberia in the usual form of a freely growing low-stemmed tree or multi-stemmed bush. The signs of Siberian fish are most clearly manifested in the fruits of the ranetka. Like the Siberian whale, the fruits of the ranetka are tied according to the number of flowers. Like the Siberian, the fruits of the ranetka are very firmly attached to the tree; therefore, when collecting apples, it is necessary to cut them off, for this they resort to scissors so as not to damage when breaking off the fruit buds. The most characteristic sign indicating the origin of the ranetki from the Siberian is the calyx falling off in the fruit.
Of course, the heredity of the ranetki, like any cultural form (variety) of the apple tree, is complex. In the hereditary basis of the ranetka, there are other biological species of apple, in addition to the Siberian. The point is that the Siberian tree dominates in this case, and this determines, first of all, the most important property of the ranetka trees for Siberians - their winter hardiness. At the same time, Siberian whale sharply affects the small-fruitiness of the ranetka. The usual average weight of a ranetka fruit is 8-10 grams. As for the taste of the fruits, for the most part they are unsuitable for fresh consumption due to excessive acidity and astringency, or even simply bitterness, despite the fact that the percentage of sugars in the fruits of ranetki often exceeds the sugar content in apples of European varieties. But without being edible fresh, many ranetki are excellent material for technical processing. Housewives prefer jam jams to any other apples. Ranetok juice, with its acidity reaching 2.5-3%, is especially appreciated in the production of wines.
Ranetki are unusually fast-growing, surpassing in this respect their original form - the wild Siberian apple tree. Often, ranetki trees bear fruit in the second year of life in the nursery. As a rule, ranetki bear fruit at the age of 3-4 years, and by 10-12 years they give high marketable yields, reaching 50 and even 100 kg (or more) per tree. Like the Siberian whale, the ranetki set fruit in abundance, according to the number of blossoming and fertilized flowers. Ranetok trees are extremely decorative both during flowering and during the ripening period of either crimson-red or golden-amber fruits.
The most popular in Siberian gardens is the ranetka variety, which bears the name Ranetka purple... Its onion-shaped dark red apples are extremely tart and are suitable only for processing into juices and jam (apples are easily boiled in jam). Siberians appreciate Ranetka purple for its particularly high winter hardiness and outstanding yield.Its yield can be judged by this example: at the Altai fruit and berry experimental station, the 16-18-year-old plantations of Ranetka purple in the amount of 1180 trees brought a yield of 117 kg on average from each tree, and the largest yield from one 18-year-old tree was 365 kg.
Ranetki in the garden are planted 6X6 m, that is, 278 trees per hectare. With an average yield per tree of 117 kg, the yield practically reached, as can be seen from the above example, 325 centners per hectare. Gardeners of the fertile south can envy such a harvest for plantations under 20 years old!
The seeds of Ranetka purpurova are often used in nurseries for growing rootstocks.
Ranetka has gained great popularity in Siberian gardens Bagryanka - a name that characterizes the red color of its rounded, slightly ribbed fruits. Bagryanka trees, in addition to high winter hardiness, are distinguished by drought resistance, which makes this variety preferable for cultivation in the steppe zone, while Ranetka purple gives the best results in the well-moistened foothill and subtaiga zones of Siberia. Bagryanka's harvest is leveled. According to the records at the Altai Fruit and Berry Experimental Station, it is 80 kg on average for Bagryanka trees at the age of 18, with a maximum collection at this age of 101 kg per tree.
Bagryanka is a wonderful creation of the professor of Tomsk University Nikolai Feofanovich Kashchenko, who was the first in Siberia (in 1909) to carry out artificial hybridization of the Siberian apple tree with the old Russian variety Bely naliv.
The taste of the fruits of Bagryanka is much better than that of Ranetka purple. Nevertheless, the main purpose of Bagryanka fruits is their technical processing.
It is known that before Kashchenko crossed Siberian whales with White filling, Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin pollinated his Kandil-Kitayka with Siberian apple pollen (1906) in his Kozlov. From this pollination, a typical ranetka was obtained. Taezhnoe with its dull greenish oval fruits, with a brownish blush on them. The fruits of the Taezhnoye, like those of other ranetki, barely reach an average weight of 10 g. However, unlike the other ranetki, the apples of the Taezhnoye can be stored for a long time, liquefying when fully ripe and acquiring a rather pleasant taste. Tayozhny apples that have lasted until frost and frozen apples are stored in this form until spring; when thawed, they represent a high quality tasty natural jam.
But one of the very first varieties of ranetka, which won the ardent sympathy of Siberians at the very first stages of its appearance, was ranetka Invincible.
The surname of Grell or Olonichenko, or both, is usually added to the name of the Invincible variety, calling this ranetka Invincible Grell-Olonichenko. The history of the appearance of Invincible in Siberia, at the earliest dawn of Siberian fruit growing, is connected with these gardeners.
It was back in 1894, when the well-known Krasnoyarsk gardener-expert AI Olonichenko received from Moscow, from A.K. Grell, the owner of a sensational acclimatization garden on Vorobyovy Gory, from Moscow, cuttings of a super-stable apple tree called Invincible. It was the only variety among many other apple trees in Grell's garden that had withstood a catastrophic, harsh winter without the slightest damage. In this outstanding winter hardiness, the heredity of the Invincible played a decisive role, with a clear manifestation of Siberian Siberian and, along with it, the Chinese apple tree.
Thanks to this heredity, Invincible has lived up to her name in Siberia, although in especially harsh winters she freezes here. But it only froze when other apple trees brought to Siberia died completely, and Invincible was at one time an extremely valuable acquisition for Siberian gardeners. They were personally convinced of the possibility of such varieties, which are not so afraid of Siberian frosts.
Over time, such a major disadvantage of Invincible as an extreme susceptibility to the disease of her scab came to light. Because of this, Invincible, which dominated the gardens of the pioneers of Siberian gardening 40-50 years ago, has lost its former popularity. Nevertheless, even now the Invincible is willingly bred, especially in the steppe regions. Its beautiful oval-conical intense yellow color fruits with a thin streak blush are the favorite raw material for making jam among Siberian housewives.
By the way, along with Invincible, the best varieties for making jam are Yantarka Altaiskaya and Seyanets Pudovshchina ranetki. Apples of both varieties give a particularly tasty and beautiful jam. Amber lives up to its name in the jam: it turns out to be of a beautiful amber tone, while the Seedling of Pudovshchina gives a dark cherry jam by the color of its apples.
New varieties derived from ranetki... We named the ranetka apple trees that are widespread throughout Siberia, mainly those that served as the initial forms for obtaining modern new varieties. In addition to the aforementioned ranetka varieties, there are a number of other ranetka varieties recommended in the standard assortment of a particular zone.
Let's point to the Krasnoyarsk Territory as an example. There, such ranetki as Laletino, Tuvinka, Ranetka Ermolaeva, Dobrynya, Canning Ranetka were introduced into the assortment. In the Omsk region, a variety called Raika red is especially widespread. In the Altai Territory, the new ranetka Severyanka is multiplying intensively. In the Far East, in addition to other small-fruited apple trees, Ranetka brown, etc. are popular. All these varieties are related by their hereditary proximity to the Siberian apple tree.
We do not dwell on those Siberian apple varieties that are collectively called "semi-crops". Semi-crops carry in themselves the predominant heredity not of Siberian, but of Chinese. Also, we do not dwell here on large-fruited European apple varieties cultivated in a creeping form.
Among the ranetki there are varieties representing the first "cultural" generation from the wild Siberian apple, like Bagryanka Kashchenko (Siberian X White filling) or like Tuvinka, obtained by the famous Siberian breeder I. M. Leonov in Minusinsk from crossing Borovinka with Siberian. Among the Siberian ranetki (like the Seedling of Pudovshchina) there are varieties obtained from sowing seeds of large-fruited European varieties from free pollination, in which the "blood" of the Siberian, its heredity, has affected. Finally, among these new ranetki there are also ranetka derivatives, genetically representing the second generation from the Siberian apple tree, but essentially no different from the maternal ranetka. Such is Ranetka Ermolaeva... It was allocated by the Minusinsk collective farm gardener P. S. Ermolaev from the hybrid family Ranetka purple X Pepin saffron. Here Siberian nature had a particularly dramatic effect on the formation of a young hybrid organism, dragging the young hybrid organism towards the maternal wound. Pollination of the ranetka with a first-class large-fruited variety again resulted in a typical ranetka with all the accompanying features that characterize the Siberian apple tree. A sharp and beneficial difference between the fruits of Ranetka Ermolaev, which are as small as those of Ranetka purple, lies in their good table taste.
So is the hybrid ranetka Laletino, received by the Krasnoyarsk gardener Vs. M. Krutovsky. In terms of high winter hardiness of the tree, in size, color and shape of fruits, Ranetka Laletino is close to Ranetka purple. But the sweet and sour apples of Laletnno, in contrast to the tart-bitter fruits of Ranetka purple, can be called quite satisfactory in taste.
Both Ranetka Ermolaeva and Laletino and other new selective ranetki obtained by Siberian breeders in recent years are a major step forward towards improving the Siberian assortment in a qualitative sense.
But under favorable conditions for the formation of hybrids, which we have, for example, in the foothill zone of the Altai Territory, from pollination of ranetki with large-fruited varieties, we get forms that sometimes significantly exceed the original maternal ranetki not only in taste, but also in size of fruits.
For illustration, let us dwell on apple varieties bred by the Altai fruit and berry experimental station at its Gorno-Altai experimental base in the foothill zone of the Altai Territory.
Above, speaking about the ranetki, we dwelt in more detail on Ranetka purple, Bagryanka, Taezhny and Invincible. Now we will consider the selected offspring of the named ranetki from geographically and genetically distant crossing them with Michurin and Old Russian apple varieties.
In all these crosses, ranetki were used as mother plants, and large-fruited varieties were pollinators.
Purple ranetka, as the most winter-hardy and productive variety among other ranetki, was especially widely used in the breeding practice of the Altai fruit and berry experimental station. At the same time, the best results in the yield of valuable seedlings were obtained by hybridization of Ranetka Purpurova with Michurin Pepin saffron, that is, the same parental pair that gave rise to Ranetka Ermolaev in the Minusinsk region of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Among the selected hybrid seedlings from the family Ranetka purple X Pepin saffron we will name first of all Gornoaltaiskoe.
Rounded, with a slight run to the top, the fruits of Gornoaltaisky, almost entirely filled with an intense blush on a light yellow background, are very effective outwardly. At the same time, the yellowish pulp of the fruits of their early-summer ripening has a very good: sour-sweet taste.
The average weight of Gornoaltaisky fruits is 30 g; in years favorable in terms of meteorological conditions for the formation of fruits, such as the summer of 1956, the average weight of the fruits of Gornoaltaysky reached in Barnaul, up to 38-40 g, with a maximum weight of up to 60-62 g.
Selected from the same family (Ranetka purple X Pepin saffron) Altai Pepinka characterized by a sluggish strong growth of a tree with dark green leathery rounded leaves, for which it stands out from afar from other varieties. The oval-conical fruits of Altai Pepinka, covered with an intense blush, closely resemble in shape and color the apples of their father's Pepin saffron. In 1956, the average weight of fruits from young trees of Pepinka Altai was 40 g, the maximum weight was 66 g. The taste of the fruits of Pepinka Altai was significantly inferior to the fruits of Gorno-Altai, but, in any case, their taste can be called satisfactory. At the same time, Pepinka Altai apples withstand storage for at least a month.
Let us also call the purple variety isolated from the Ranetka family X Pepin saffron variety, which received the name Altai dove for their round dark red fruits with a strong waxy bloom on them, thanks to which they look bluish-gray on the tree. Fruits are tied very abundantly - up to 7-8 in the shield - and their average weight does not exceed 30 g, and the maximum (in 1956) - 51 g. The flesh of the fruit is rough, juicy, satisfactory sweet and sour taste. They are also maturing, like the fruits of Pepinka Altai.
The yield of all these selected hybrids from the crossing of Ranetka purple with Pepin saffron reaches 50 and even 70-80 or more kilograms per tree by the age of 10.
From the ranetka Bagryanka Kashchenko, crossed with the Volga Malta Bagaevsky, there was a variety Altai early ripening, the fruits of which ripen in the season in Siberia very early - in early August.
Light yellow, with a slight red blush, round-shaped fruits of the Altai early ripening have an average weight of 40-50 g; in 1956 the largest fruits reached 111 g. The taste of Skorospelka's fruits is sweet and sour, pleasant. However, their keeping quality is limited to 7-10 days; not removed in time, they overripe even on a tree, becoming mealy.The average harvest of Skorospelka from the 10-year-old age of trees was 45 kg, the maximum - 60 kg.
From the Taezhnoye X Pepin saffron family, two varieties have emerged - Altai sweet and Golden taiga... Of these, the first tree, which has a very high winter hardiness, gives a seemingly inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, with a dull blush, reaching, as recorded in 1956, 75 g, with an average weight of 42 g. very sweet, without acid, they are stored in storage for up to two months.
Unlike Altai sweet, its sister - the Golden Taiga - is relatively little winter hardy and, moreover, is small-fruited (average fruit weight 22 g, maximum - 36 g). Valuable, when cultivated in relatively favorable climatic conditions, the Golden Taiga for its early maturity (fruiting begins already from the age of two), for the good sweet and sour taste of its, albeit small, rounded-conical shape, yellow (sometimes with a slight blush) fruits, and the main thing for the outstanding keeping quality for Siberian varieties: fresh apples are stored until February, which is a rarity in the Siberian variety.
The harvest of the Golden Taiga, like the Altai sweet, is 40-45 kg by the age of 10, the maximum - 60-65 kg per tree.
And, finally, one should briefly dwell on the varieties originating from the Invincible ranetka, pollinated by the old Central Russian variety Bely Naliv. Let us recall that from the pollination of a wild Siberian apple tree with White Bulk, Professor Kashchenko received a ranetka Bagryanka. What happened from the pollination of the ranetka with White bulk when raising hybrid seedlings in the foothill zone of Altai?
First of all, one must remember that varieties from the family Invincible X White filling, like the Golden Taiga, are recommended primarily for the most favorable natural and climatic conditions of the Altai zone (in comparison with the steppe and forest-steppe) - foothill, that is, where these varieties have been bred. At the same time, we will mention that such authoritative Soviet pomologists as Professor of Moscow State University S.I. Isaev and Professor of the Leningrad Agricultural Institute N.G. Zhuchkov find that the Altai varieties they tested, originating from the Invincible X White filling family, deserve to be they were bred in private gardens near Moscow and near Leningrad.
From the family Invincible X White filling for lovers of sweet fresh apples is of undoubted interest Altai early... Its light yellow, with a slight blurry blush, rounded fruits have an average weight of about 40 g (maximum - 62 g); keeping quality is low (15-20 days).
The variety from this family, which received the name Altai dessert... Its rather large (average weight 60 g, maximum - 80 g), slightly elongated, attractive, porcelain shade with subtle strokes of blush, the fruits have a harmonious sweet and sour taste; they can be kept fresh for at least a month.
The same large, according to Siberian concepts, yields fruits Altai gold from the same family Invincible X White filling. The name speaks for the golden yellow color of its round sweet and sour fruit with an average weight of 40-50 g, with a maximum weight of 70 g (in some years, the largest fruits exceed 100 g).
The yield of the named varieties from the family Invincible X White filling, as far as it can be judged from not many years of practice with them in Gorno-Altaysk, averages 20-35 kg per tree by 10-11 years.
So, ending with this about the apple, as a fruit species of Siberia, we would like to once again, in the shortest words, show the path along which the breeding of the cultivated Siberian apple is going. This path is from the wild Siberian apple tree to the ranetka, from the ranetka to the improved varieties, on the creation of which the Siberians-Michurinians have worked and are working hard now.
Pear
Ussuriyskaya pear... Like the Siberian apple, the Ussuri pear is the most winter-hardy pear species in the world, living in its natural state in the Far East, mainly along the middle course of the Amur and in the basin of its tributary, the Ussuri. Ussuri pear trees reach (in the southern part of the range) up to 15 meters in height; they grow singly or in groups, without forming continuous thickets, along the banks and islands of rivers, in the lower belt of mountain slopes, along sparse edges and rivers.
The fruits of the Ussuri pear are heterogeneous both in size (from 15 to 100 g and more) and in shape (usually round and flat-round), in color (dirty yellow and greenish tones prevail); they are most often tart and sour to taste, but there are trees with fruits that are quite suitable for fresh consumption, usually after they have passed a short-term (not exceeding two to three weeks) maturation.
The local population willingly cultivates the Ussuri pear in the gardens, transferring the dug trees from their natural state to their personal plots. The Ussuri pear is especially widespread in the gardens of Blagoveshchensk, Svobodny, Khabarovsk and other cities of the Far East. In these gardens the breeders I.N. Tikhonov, N.N. Maslovsky, N.A. ), however, did not receive distribution, since essentially no one was involved in the reproduction of these selected forms.
The trees of the Ussuri pear are quite winter-hardy both in Eastern and Western Siberia, but they are found in ordinary, ordinary forms and, moreover, are relatively rare.
Hybrid pears... As you know, IV Michurin fruitfully used the Ussuri pear to create his first-class pear variety, Bere Zimnyaya. Following Michurin's example, his Far Eastern follower, the Khabarovsk teacher A.M. Lukashev, from crossing the Finnish early pear with the Ussuri pear, bred a number of new varieties that laid the foundation for the winter-hardy assortment of pears in the north-east of our country.
These varieties - Topic, Fields, Lida, Olga, Granddaughter, - known under the collective name "lukashevoks", widely spread not only in the Far East, especially in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, but also found a place for themselves in the gardens of Western Siberia, where lukashevoks began to appear in the 30s. They are most widespread in the foothill zone of the Altai Territory. Here, lukasheviks bring truly outstanding harvests. So, for example, in 1956, in the garden of the Gorno-Altai stronghold of the Altai fruit and berry experimental station, planting pears of onions at the age of 16-18 years on an area of 3.43 hectares yielded a yield of 725.64 centners, that is, 211.6 centners per hectare; moreover, from a plot of 1.42 hectares, 275 centners of pears were harvested per hectare. An equally high yield of onion crops is obtained from plantings of pears in collective and state farm gardens in the foothill zone.
The largest, wide-pear-shaped, fruits have Tyoma. Their weight in Altai reaches 250 g and even happens to be close to 300 g. But at the same time, it is also the least valuable variety in terms of taste; The best quality fruit is the Granddaughter with its small, 40-50 g, round-shaped fruits. The color of all the onions is yellow, with a slight blush at Tyoma and Paul. The biological proximity to the Ussuri pear is reflected not only in the general, relatively high winter hardiness of onion trees, but also in the fruits, with numerous stony inclusions in them, in their tart taste and short-term keeping quality, not exceeding 10 days.
Siberian breeders continue to work on the creation of new varieties of pears on the hereditary basis of the Ussuri pear. AV Bolonyaev (Far Eastern Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture in Khabarovsk) achieved especially great results in pear breeding. He derived from crossing the Ussuri pear with European varieties the lying varieties of pears - Yablokovidnaya, Oktyabrskaya, Noyabrskaya, etc.At the same time, in recent years, Siberian experimental stations have intensified their activities to identify and introduce selected forms of pears into horticultural crops, meaning their enrichment of the fruit assortment of those Siberian regions where hybrid pears are not hardy.
Cherry
Steppe cherry... In the steppe and forest-steppe of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals - in the Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Tyumen regions, in the northern regions of Kazakhstan - in the Kustanai and Kokchetav, - wild steppe cherry grows on dry hillsides and along the edges of birch groves. This undersized shrub, whose height ranges from 20 cm to 2 m, forms whole thickets here, thanks to its root suckers.
The red, various shades of steppe cherry fruits of various shapes - from spherical to oval and ovoid - are small in size, barely reaching a diameter of 1-1.5 cm (weight 1.5-2 g). They are very sour, but this acid is pleasant, especially when using the fruits for jam, which turns out to be excellent from them - in any case, no worse than from many varieties of European cultivated (ordinary) cherries.
Steppe cherry has long been cultivated by Siberians as a garden plant. There is a village in Altai where it was brought by settlers 70 years ago. There is especially a lot of it in the Loktevsky district; from the Loktevsky district, the steppe cherry spread to other places in Altai under the name of "Loktevskaya" cherry.
Ural and Siberian breeders among the seedlings of steppe cherry have selected the best forms in terms of the size and taste of the fruit. Thus, an amateur gardener A.P. Biryukov (Shadrinsk) singled out varieties of wall cherries: Kislitsa, Arapka and Kolkhoznaya; A. D. Tyazhelnikov, a researcher at the Siberian Botanical Garden (Tomsk), selected varieties: Buketnokistovaya, Krasa Coppice, Sladkoplodnaya, etc .; a number of selected forms of steppe cherry in Novosibirsk were identified by MN Salomatov, a researcher of the West Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. But all these selective forms and varieties, isolated in different places of Siberia, are still not very much multiplied, and most often the steppe cherry in Siberian gardens is represented by a mixture of populations. In the Altai Territory, seeds of steppe cherry are sown in nests directly in the garden, in a permanent place with distances of 2X3 or 3X3 m. The yield of steppe cherry here, in state and collective farm gardens, is 40-50 or more quintals per hectare.
Sand cherry... Less common in Siberia, significantly inferior to steppe cherry in winter hardiness and drought resistance, sand cherry imported from North America. This 1-1.5 m shrub with broadly spreading branches, with lanceolate blue-gray leaves gives fruits that do not even remotely resemble the cherries familiar to everyone - they are black in color, completely fresh, not very suitable for fresh consumption and for jam. True, from the juice of sand cherries (closer, biologically, standing to the plum), a good wine is obtained. Its seedlings are widely used as a rootstock for plums, and from this side it is of certain interest. Used sand cherry, by crossing it with the Ussuri and Chinese plums, to create original varieties of the so-called plum-cherry hybrids; of such hybrids in Siberia, the most famous varieties of N.N. Tikhonov - Novinka and Kroshka.
Felted cherry... In the Far East, the place of steppe cherry in gardens is occupied by felt cherry. It is also a dwarf shrub up to 2 m in height. This cherry got its name because of its heavily pubescent dull leaves. Felt cherry was brought to the Far East from northwestern China and spread mainly in the southern regions of Primorsky Krai. Small fruits (about 1 cm in diameter) of red or pink color have a pleasant sour-sweet taste and are used both for fresh consumption and for jam. They are very delicate, intolerant of transportation and should be used on the day of collection.
The best forms were selected from seedlings of felt cherry, such as, Early pinkallocated by N. N. Tikhonov at the Suifuno-Ussuri experimental station.This variety, whose fruits reach 2.5 g, is considered the largest-fruited among other varieties of selected forms of felt cherry. Currently, work on the selection of felt cherries is widely carried out by G. T. Kazmin (Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture). He selected from seedlings of felt cherries such varieties as Khabarovchanka, Very early and others, which are characterized by increased winter hardiness compared to ordinary felt cherries.
The harvest of felt cherries reaches 6-8 kg of fruit per bush.
Japanese cherry... In addition to the felt cherry, in the Far East, Japanese cherry has a more limited distribution - a low (0.5-1.5 m) shrub growing wild in the southern part of Primorsky Krai. This cherry is more winter-hardy than the felt cherry, and, according to the testimony of A.V. Bolonyaev, is found in gardens from Vladivostok to Blagoveshchensk. But its small, round, red sour fruits with a bitter taste, weighing from 1.2 to 2.5 g, are used only for jam.
Plum
Ussuriyskaya plum... The richest flora of the Far East has served Siberian fruit growing in such a culture as plum. Here, in the Far East, the Ussuri plum culture is widespread, occupying in a number of regions 50-60% of the area of all garden plantations.
Unlike the Ussuri pear, the Ussuri plum is absent in the wild, being a domesticated species since ancient times, like the Chinese (three-flowered) plum close to it.
It should be noted here that about 30 years ago, a wonderful variety of plum was brought to the Far East from North China. Manchurian beauty with large, tasty, maroon fruits weighing 25-30 grams. However, due to the relatively low (in comparison with the Ussuri plum) winter hardiness, the culture of the Manchurian beauty both in the Far East and in Siberia is limited by the most microclimatically favorable places.
As for the Ussuri plum proper, in Siberian gardens, its selective forms, isolated in recent years by Soviet breeders in the private gardens of the Far East and from crops at Siberian experimental stations, are becoming more widespread.
The Ussuri plum is an extremely polymorphic species, representing many varieties, which was facilitated by the long-standing cultivation of the Ussuri plum by amateur gardeners by sowing the seeds of this plum from free cross-pollination. The low (3-4 m) trees of the Ussuri plum are distinguished by a great variety in the size of fruits (from 2-3 to 15-20 g), in their color (from light yellow to dark red), in taste; a common disadvantage is the easy crumbling of fruits from the tree and a short shelf life (3-5-7 days) when fresh.
Of the selected forms of the Ussuri plum, which are currently propagated by grafting, the variety is gaining great popularity Yellow Hopts, allocated by N.N. Tikhonov in one of the amateur gardens of Voroshilov-Ussuriisky.
For the rootstock, both ordinary seedlings of the Ussuri plum and sand cherry seedlings are used.
The round, seamed, golden fruits of this variety are very effective on the tree; they are large enough (weight 15–20 g) and have a good table taste. In the same place, in Voroshilov-Ussuriysk, N.I. Tikhonov allocated another valuable variety of the Ussuri plum - Primorskaya (Red 389) with oval, red, pleasant-tasting fruits, with an average weight of 13-15 g. In the Far East, G. T. Kazmin selected in the gardens of Vyazemsk varieties of the Ussuri plum Narodnaya and Vyazemskaya, which are distinguished by such a positive quality of fruits, with good their taste is like a bone that is easily separated from the pulp.
Today, in any region of Siberia, you can now find your own varieties, selected from seedlings from the seeds of the Ussuri plum. So, a number of varieties were bred in this way at the Krasnoyarsk fruit and berry experimental station (Zolotistaya, Excellent, Krasnoyarskaya early, Urozhainaya, Pionerka, Transparent, Oktyabrskaya). A series of valuable forms of the Ussuri plum was identified in Altai by the breeder V.S.Putov (Chemalsky fruit growing base) - Chemal yellow (Chemal # 5), Yellow early (Anos # 6), Krasavitsa Anosa (Anos # 7), Gornoaltaiskaya, Oroktoy # 3, Oroktoy # 4, etc. These varieties are in the conditions of Gorny Altai (Chemal) in 1956 yielded an average of 19 kg (Oroktoi No. 4) to 22 kg (Gornoaltaiskaya) from a tree planted in 1952 by grafted (on sand cherry) annuals. The same harvest in Chemal was given in 1956 by the aforementioned plum Yellow Hopty - an average yield of 19.8 kg, the highest 36 kg per tree (planted in 1951 at the age of one).
Karzin plum... In Western Siberia, especially in the Omsk region and in the steppe Kulunda of Altai and Novosibirsk region, the Karzin plum is widespread, which is close to the biological species of the black plum.
Karzin plum got its name from the surname of the agronomist I. M. Karzin from Isyl-Kul, who first sowed the seeds of this plum in 1912. Karzin plum began to spread, starting in 1930, from the mother garden, laid in the state farm "Lesnoe" in the Omsk region. Like the Ussuri plum, the Karzin plum is highly polymorphic in its characteristics, ranging from different winter hardiness of trees to the quality of fruits. Due to reproduction by seeds and practical self-fertility (as in the Ussuri plum) of trees, the offspring from natural cross-pollination of the Karzin plum is very variegated. In most forms of karzin plum, the average weight of the fruit is 8-15 g; due to their thick skin, they have a great keeping quality (some up to a month or even more), but at the same time, the skin is often tart or even bitter, and this spoils the taste of the fruit. Their color is either monochromatic, often whitish, or with a more or less intense blush, usually dull.
A number of Siberian breeders are working on the selection of the best tree fruits in terms of winter hardiness and taste; in Omsk, great work is being done in this direction by G.K. Renard (Omsk Agricultural Institute), who pays special attention to the undersized weeping forms of the Karzin plum, taking into account the convenience of their natural protection by snow. In Kurgan, an experienced Michurinist AS Kondrashin bred a number of varieties: "Oh, what a", Competition; Komsomol, Autumn blush. Collective farm, Yellow early, etc.
Early yellow - at least 3 different varieties are known under this name (Kondrashina; Putova; Tikhonova).
In Altai, along with the Ussuri plum, the selection work with the Karzin plum was widely carried out by V.S.Putov, who selected a number of valuable forms of the Karzin plum, which favorably differ in a number of economic valuable qualities. So, for the relatively high winter hardiness of the tree, in comparison with ordinary seedlings, for the yield and for the good taste of the fruits, Putov selected: Karzninskaya 3-1, Karzinskaya 4-3, Karzinskaya 4-6, Karznskaya 4-7, Karzinskaya 8-10, Karzinskaya 1-11 and others. The yield of selected forms of Karzin plum in Chemal reaches 40 kg per tree. The 4-hectare selection plot of the Karzin and Ussuri plums at the Chemal support point in 1956 yielded over 100 centners of fruits (of which 79.8 centners from an area of 1.7 ha were planted plums of 1946-1952, that is, 46.9 centners from hectares and 23 quintals from an area of 2.3 hectares - 10 quintals per hectare of plantations 4-5-6 years old).
Note that it was Chemal, thanks to the exceptionally fruitful work of V. S. Putov, a resident of Michurin. became a Siberian center for the breeding and distribution of such a valuable species as plum. The Chemal fruit-growing stronghold sent many thousands of parcels to different parts of Siberia and the Urals with seedlings of new varieties from the Ussuri and Karzin plums, as well as plum-cherry hybrids.
We believe that the above is enough to confirm the thought we expressed at the beginning: during the years of Soviet power, in Siberia, in extremely harsh climatic conditions for fruit plants, orchards with a local original assortment have been created and grown.The habitual names of traditional fruit species - apple, pear, cherry, plum - have been invested by the Michurin gardeners of Siberia: the Siberian assortment for these species is built on a new biological basis, different from the assortment of old regions of the long-developed horticulture.
From materials prepared by the author for the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution (1957).
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