What crops are grown in the Stavropol Territory?

Content

1 AgriculturePage 1
2 Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory
- 2.1 Agriculture
- 2.2 Transport
3 Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory
- 3.1 Agriculture
- 3.2 Transport

Agriculture

Page 1

For many years, agriculture has been the main branch of the region's economy. In the Russian Federation, the Stavropol Territory ranks fourth in terms of agricultural production. The area of farmland is 5.3 million hectares, of which most (3.8 million hectares) is allocated for arable land.

In crop production

the main grain crop is winter wheat, with preference given to hard and strong varieties. Its sown area is more than a million hectares. The Stavropol Territory provides five percent of the total grain harvest in Russia. Fodder and industrial crops are grown in the region, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables, and oilseeds are cultivated on large areas. The Stavropol region has great potential for the production of sunflower and other vegetable oils.

In the last decade, plant growing in the region collapsed in extremely difficult economic and climatic conditions, however, the decline in production was halted. At the same time, in 1998, the largest gross grain harvest among the regions of the Russian Federation was obtained - 3.4 million tons, in 1999 the region showed the second result in Russia (after the Krasnodar region) - 3.1 million tons, and in 2000 the gross grain harvest has already amounted to more than 4 million tons.

Livestock raising.

In beef cattle, priority is given to highly productive breeds - Heriford and Charolais. Particular attention is paid to the development of beef cattle breeding in the northeastern regions of the region: Ipatovsky, Levokumsky, Apanasenkovsky, Neftekumsky and Turkmen.

Taking into account the processes of moving a significant part of the public herd to peasant farms, to private farmsteads of villagers, the emphasis is on growing early maturing meat breeds.

The situation in pig breeding is stabilizing. The number of pigs is maintained at the 1996 level, while their average daily weight gain is increasing.

For many decades, the Stavropol Territory has been a zone of fine-wool sheep breeding.

Thanks to the efforts of a team of scientists from the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding, as well as the participation of practicing breeders, such sheep breeds as the North Caucasian, Caucasian Stavropol, Manych merino were bred.

Due to the economic decline of recent years, this branch of agriculture is unprofitable. It is only possible to maintain the minimum number of sheep necessary for further reproduction. In our region there is the only bank of immuno-diagnostics for sheep and goats in Russia, the Russian bank of the gene pool of breeders, the only nursery for herding dogs of the unique Australian breed "Kelpie".

The Institute maintains close ties with specialists from Australia, Germany, USA, Great Britain, Austria, Mongolia and other countries.

The Government of the Stavropol Territory has concluded agreements with the Federal Contract Corporation Roskhleboprodukt OJSC on the organization production of poultry meat - broilers.

Broiler association "Stavropolskoe", located in the Caucasian Mineral Waters, has organized the production of products in the amount of 6 thousand tons of poultry meat per year. The example of this enterprise confirms the promise of broiler poultry farming.

Traditionally profitable sectors of agriculture in the Stavropol region are viticulture and horticulture.

Since the end of the 19th century, the production of tart, dry, Kakhetian wines, vermouths and cognacs has been established in the most fertile regions: Budenovsky, Mineralovodsky, Georgievsky, Levokumsky.

Despite the decline of the industry, which fell in the eighties - early nineties, there are three production viticulture complexes in the region with a full cycle of processing and sale of grapes and wine materials, the production of wine and vodka and other products. The leaders in the production and bottling of wines and cognacs are ZAO Praskoveyskoye and ZAO Mashuk.

At international tastings, exhibitions and fairs, vintage wines and cognacs KV "Stavropol", KVVV "Dombay" were awarded gold and silver medals. The cellars of Praskoveyskoye CJSC keep collections of the best wines over the past forty years.

AgriculturePage 1

The North Caucasus is an important food base for Russia, a supplier of grain, sunflowers, sugar beets, vegetables and fruits, grapes and livestock products.

Diversified high-commodity agriculture is the basis of the agro-industrial complex of the North Caucasus. Of the 35.5 million hectares of land resources in the region's agriculture, almost 30 million hectares, or 84%, are used. Arable land occupies 63% of the land fund, pastures - 32%. Favorable soil and climatic conditions ensure the cultivation of 80 crops and the development of highly productive animal husbandry. In terms of the area under crops of winter wheat, corn, rice, sunflower and the lowest cost in the country, the Rostov Region, Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories produce. Buckwheat is grown in the steppe zone, millet is grown in arid regions, and rice is grown on the irrigated lands of the Rostov Region, Krasnodar Territory and Dagestan. A large rice growing base has been created in the Kuban, where a powerful water management complex has been built, which made it possible to irrigate over 600 thousand hectares of land and use them for sowing various valuable industrial crops. In the North Caucasus, the total area of sugar beet crops exceeds 260 thousand hectares, which is 16.5% of the territory occupied by this crop in the Russian Federation. Horticulture and viticulture have been greatly developed in the region. They account for 1/3 of all fruit and berry plantations and almost 99% of the vineyards in Russia. The Black Sea coast of the North Caucasus is an important center of subtropical agriculture. Citrus fruits, tea, olives, tung, figs, persimmons and other crops are grown here. In the foothills of the Greater Caucasus Range and the coastal regions of the Krasnodar Territory, large areas are occupied by yellow tobaccos.

In the structure of the cultivated areas of the region, the leading place belongs to grain - they occupy 58%, 30% are occupied by fodder crops, 9% by industrial crops and 3% by potatoes and vegetables and melons.

The most important branch of agricultural production is grain farming. Cereals are grown everywhere, but the main areas of their cultivation are the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories and the Rostov Region, where about 90% of the total amount of grain is produced. The crops are dominated by winter wheat, which occupies about half of the total area of grain crops. The North Caucasus is the main corn producer in the Russian Federation.

Rice sowing is also a branch of specialization. Rice systems have been created in the Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region and Dagestan. The largest rice producer is Kuban. The creation of the Krasnodar Reservoir made it possible to further increase the area of rice cultivation. Rice sowing in the deltas of the Terek and Sulak rivers has been significantly expanded.

Sunflower is one of the most important industrial crops in the North Caucasus. The main areas of sunflower crops are located in the lower reaches of the Kuban, on the right bank of the Don, in the foothills of the Main Caucasian ridge and in the Stavropol region.

The yield of grain and industrial crops in the North Caucasus depends significantly on moisture availability, which is directly related to the operation of irrigation systems. Over 60% of the total water consumption in the region is used for irrigation. The North Caucasus has the highest rate of water consumption in the Russian Federation per 1 ha of irrigated land. A lot of water is lost for filtration, discharges at night, etc. In this regard, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of irrigation systems to 80%, to make wider use of the technology of drip subsurface irrigation, and to strengthen control over water consumption.

Sugar beet is grown mainly in the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions.

The share of the North Caucasus in the production of vegetables is also great. Fruit growing, especially viticulture, is of national importance. Vineyards are located in the Kuban-Black Sea region, mainly around Anapa, Gelendzhik and Temryuk. There are also significant plantings of grapes in the Donskoy region, in the Kumye region, in the regions of Kizlyar and Derbent. A variety of grape varieties are cultivated - aligote, riesling, muscats, chasselas, pinot gris, etc. It is no coincidence that the North Caucasus holds a leading place in Russia in the production of table and dry wines, champagne and cognacs.

Irrigation of lands, development of floodplains and river floodplains are of great importance in the development of agriculture. They collect high yields of vegetables, corn, rice.

The Bolshoi Stavropol Canal and the Nikolaev hydroelectric complex on the river were built in the area. Don. Only the Great Stavropol Canal, with full development, allowed irrigating 200 thousand hectares of arable land and watering 3 million hectares of pastures and hayfields. Of particular importance is the irrigation of the semi-desert arid lands of the Nogai steppe, where the Tersko-Kumsky canal was built. Reclamation works were carried out in Dagestan as well.

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The list of varieties of vegetables and other important crops that were zoned and recommended for cultivation in the Stavropol Territory according to the reference book for 1967, as well as the regions of the Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia.Stavropol region

Zones of the region and distribution by zones of administrative districtsI. Northeastern... Districts: Apanasenkovskiy, Arzgirskiy (without the Serafimovskiy state farm), Ipatovskiy (northeastern part), Kurskiy (northeastern part), Levokumskiy and Neftekumskiy.

II. Eastern... Districts: Arzgirsky (state farm "Serafimovsky"), Blagodarnensky, Izobilnensky (northern part), Ipatovsky (southwestern part), Krasnogvardeisky, Kursky (southwestern part), Petrovsky, Prikumsky, Sovetsky and Shpakovsky (state farms: named after Kirov, " Grachevsky "and the collective farm" Zarya ").
III. Central... Districts: Aleksandrovsky, Georgievsky (without the collective farm "40 years of October"), Izobilnensky (southern part), Kochubeevsky, Mineralovodsky (without state farms: named after Karl Marx, "Caucasus" and konzavod No. 169), Novoaleksandrovsky, Shpakovsky (without state farms: named after Kirov , "Grachevsky", collective farm "Zarya") and the city of Stavropol,
IV. Foothill... Districts: Georgievsky (collective farm "40 years of October"), Mineralovodsky (state farms: named after Karl Marx, "Caucasus", stud farm No. 169), Predgorny (northern part), the cities of Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk, Yessentuki, Lermontovsky and areas of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region - Adyge-Khablsky, Karachaevsky (state farm "Krasnogorsky"),Malokarachaevsky (state farms "Krasnovostochny" and "Eltarkach"), Prikubansky, Khabezsky and the city of Cherkessk.
V. Mountain... Districts: Foothill (southern part), Kislovodsk and districts of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region: Zelenchuksky, Karachaevsky (without the Krasnogorsky state farm), Malokarachaevsky (without the Krasnovostochny and Eltarkach state farms), and Urupsky.

Varietal zoning by crops
Winter wheat... Zones I and II: mid-early - Bezostaya I, For sowing on unpaired predecessors - Priazovskaya; without primary seed production - mid-season - Odessa 16. Zone III: a) for Aleksandrovsky district - mid-early - Bezostaya 1; without primary seed production - mid-season - Odessa 16; b) for other areas of the zone - mid-early - Bezostaya 1. Zones IV and V: mid-early - Bezostaya 1. When irrigated. Zones II and III: medium early - awnless 1.

Winter barley. Along the edge: Beta 40; without primary seed production - Red Gift.

Oats... Along the edge: Artyomovskiy 107; without primary seed production Soviet.

Spring barley... Zones I and II: South. Zone III: Southern, Valticki. Zones IV and V: Walticki.

Millet... Zones I and II: Saratov 853, Veselopodolyanskoe 367. Zone III: Veselopodolyanskoe 367; without primary seed production - Saratov 853. Zones IV and V: Veselopodolyanskoe 367.

Buckwheat... Zone III, IV and V: Bogatyr.

Rice... For rice cultivation areas: early maturing - Dubovskiy 129; mid-late - Krasnodar 424.

Peas... Along the edge: Ramonsky 77, Voronezh, admit to sowing for 1967 - Uladovsky 303.

Beans... Zone II: Triumph. Zones III, IV and V: Krasnodar 19305.

Chyna... Zones I, II and III: Steppe 287 Steppe 12. Zone IV Steppe 287.

Chickpea... Zones I, II and III: State Farm.

Sunflower... Zones II, III, IV and V: Leader.

Soy. Along the edge: VNIISK 1; in addition, for zone III - Kuban 4958.

Mustard... Zones I and II: Non-sprinkling 2, Volgogradskaya 189/191.

Oil flax... Zone I: Stavropol 79. Zones II and III; Large-seeded 3, Stavropol 79. Zone IV: Large-seeded 3.

Castor oil plant... Along the edge: VNIIMK 165, Early hybrid; for irrigation - Donskaya 39/44.

Coriander... For coriander growing areas: Ray.

Sugar beet... For areas of sugar beet cultivation: Yaltushkovsky hybrid, Ramonskaya 06.

Hemp... For hemp growing areas: Krasnodar monoecious 3, Nevinnomysskaya.

Potato... Zone I: for spring and summer plantings - early maturing - Epron; mid-season - Majestic (crustacean); for summer landings - Krepysh. Zone II: for spring and summer plantings - early maturing - Epron, Ulyanovskiy; mid-season - Majestic, for summer plantings - Krepysh. Zone III: for spring and summer plantings early maturing - Ulyanovsk; mid-early - Volzhanin; mid-season - Majestic, Krepysh. Zone IV: for spring and summer plantings - early maturing - Ulyanovsk; mid-season - Strong. Zone V: for spring plantings - early maturing - Ulyanovsk; mid-early - Volzhanin, Lyubimets (cancer-resistant); mid-season - Strong; mid-late - Lorkh.

White cabbage... Zones I and II: early ripening - No. 1 Gribovskiy 147; mid-early - Golden hectare 1432; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231; mid-late - Braunschweigskaya 423, Krasnodarskaya 1, Gift; late ripening - Amager 611, Zimovka 1474, Biryuchekutskaya 138. Zone III: early ripening - Number one Gribovskiy 147; mid-early - Golden hectare 1432; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231; mid-late - Autumn Gribovskaya 320, Krasnodarskaya 1, Gift; late ripening - Biryuchekutskaya 138, Zimovka 1474, Amager 611. Zone IV and V: early ripening - Number one Gribovskiy 147; mid-early - Golden hectare 1432; mid-season - Slava Gribovskaya 231; mid-late - Braunschweigskaya 423, Krasnodarskaya 1, Gift; late ripening - Biryuchekutskaya 138, Zimovka 1474, Amager 611; in addition, for zone IV - mid-season - Slava 1305. Along the edge: for the canning industry - Number one Gribovskiy 147, Slava Gribovskaya 231, Slava 1305, Krasnodarskaya 1.

Red cabbage... Along the edge: Gako.

Cauliflower... Along the edge: Patriotic.

Salad... Along the edge: Ice Mountain.

Spinach... Along the edge: Victoria.

Sorrel... Along the edge: Belleville.

Cucumbers... Along the edge: Grouse 357/4, Donskoy 175, Biryuchekutsky 193; for the canning industry - local Nezhinsky.

Tomatoes... Zones I, II and III: Moldavian early, Donskoy 202, Volgogradsky 5/95. Zones IV and V: Early Moldavian, Voskhod 119, Krasny Dar, Volgograd 5/95. For the canning industry. Along the edge: Cannery standard, Pervenets 190, Krasnodarets 87 / 23-9.

Onions on a turnip... Along the edge: annual seed culture - Lugansk, Krasnodar G-35, Kaba, Strigunovskiy local; two-year culture from sevka - local Strigunovsky; for the canning industry - Kaba, local Strigunovsky.

Bow on a green feather... Along the edge: batun, chives.

Onions - forcing culture... Along the edge: shallots - Kuban yellow D-322.

Garlic on the edge: Dungan local and other best local varieties.

Table carrot... Along the edge: Nantes 4, Incomparable; for the canning industry - Nantes 4, Chantenay 2461.

Table beet... Along the edge: Donskaya flat 367, Bordeaux 237; for the canning industry - Bordeaux 237.

Radish... Edge: Winter round black.

Parsley... Along the edge: Harvest.

Radish... Along the edge: Ruby, Rose red with a white tip.

Sugar peas... Zone IV: Inexhaustible 195, Zhegalova 112.

Shelling peas... Zone IV: Miracle of Calvedon 1378, Winner G-33.

Vegetable beans... Along the edge: Saxon without fiber 615, Green-handled 517; in addition, for zone IV - Shrub without fiber 85; for the canning industry - Zelenodruchnaya 527.

Sugar corn... Along the Edge: Fairy Tale 435.

Sweet pepper... On the edge: Novocherkassky 35; in addition, for zones II, III and IV - Large yellow 903; for zone IV - Maikop 470. For canning industry - Bulgarian 79.

Hot pepper... Along the edge: Astrakhan 147, Giant.

Eggplant... Along the edge: Donskoy 14, Delicatessen 163; for the canning industry - Long purple 239.

Watermelon... Zones I and II: Bykovsky 22, Melitopolsky 142, Dessertny 83, Favorite farm of Pyatigorsk 286, Bagaevsky goosebump 747/749. Zone III: Melitopolsky 142, Favorite of Pyatigorsk farm 286, Bagaevsky goosebump 747/749, Dessertny 83. Zone IV: Favorite of Pyatigorsk farm 286, Bagaevsky goosebump 747/749.

Melons. Zone I: Kolkhoz Woman 749/753, Wintering with apple seeds. Zone II: Kolkhoz Woman 749/753, Komsomolskaya Pravda 142, Wintering with apple seeds. Zone III: Bykovskaya 735, Kolkhoz Woman 749/753. Zone IV: Kolkhoz Woman 749/753, Bykovskaya 735, Novelty of the Kuban. Zone V: Kolkhoz Woman 749/753.

Pumpkin... Zones I and II: Volga gray 92. Zones IV and V: Mozoleevskaya 47.

Zucchini... Along the edge: Gribovskie 37.

Corn for grain. On the bogar. Zones I, II, III and IV: mid-season - hybrid VIR 42 (VIR 42M, VIR 42MV). Zone III: mid-late - hybrid Krasnodar 309 (Krasnodar 309T). Zone V: mid-early - hybrid Bukovinsky 3 (Bukovinsky ZTV).
With irrigation. Along the edge: middle late - hybrid Krasnodar 309 (Krasnodar ZO9T); late ripening - hybrid Dnieper 90T.
For seed production with the aim of exporting seeds to other regions of the USSR: mid-early - hybrid Bukovinsky 3 (Bukovinsky ZTV); mid-late - Krasnodarskaya 1/49, Sterling; with irrigation late ripening - Odessa 10.
For the needs of trade and food industry enterprises - mid-season - Rice 216; in addition, for zones IV and V - mid-early - Siliceous white local. For silage. On dry land: Along the edge - mid-season - hybrid VIR 42 (VIR 42M, VIR 42MB); in addition, zones I, II, III and IV - middle late - Krasnodar 1/49. Zones II, III, IV: middle late - hybrid Krasnodar 309 (Krasnodar 309T). Zones III, IV and V: late ripening - hybrid Dnieper 90T. Zones II, III and IV: late-ripening - Odessa 10. When irrigated: Along the edge: mid-late - hybrid Krasnodar 309 (Krasnodar 309T); late ripening - hybrid Dnieper 90T.

Sorghum for grain... Zone I: Hegari. Zone II: Sugar 28/435, Kubanskoe 1438. Zone III: Kubanskoe 1438.

Sorghum broom... Zone II: Venichnoe 623.

Winter rye for green fodder and silage. Along the edge: Burunnaya.

Winter vetch... Zones III and IV: Pannonian.

Spring vetch... Zones IV and V: Lgovskaya 31-292.

Peas for feed (pelushka). Zones II, III and IV: Southern (Kazakhstan).

Broad beans... Zone V: Uladovsky violet.

Sudanese grass... Zones I, II, III and IV: Krasnodar 1967, Chernomorka.

Panic. Zones I, II, III and IV: Dnepropetrovsk 31.

Sorghum for silage... Zone I: Red amber; for irrigation - Chinese amber 813.Zone II: Red amber, Sugar 28/435, Orange 450. Zones III and IV: Red amber.

Alfalfa... Zones I and II: Manychskaya. Zone III: Slavic local Manych. Zone IV: Slavic local. On the edge; the best local varieties.

Clover... Zones IV and V: Circassian local.

Sainfoin... Along the edge: North Caucasian two-mow.

Timofeevka... Zones IV and V: Ossetian 1.

Zhitnyak... Zone I: Krasnokutsky narrow-spiked 305. Zone II: Krasnokutsky wide-spiked 4, Krasnokutsky narrow-spiked 305.

Bonfire straight... Zone III: Krasnodar 8.

Fodder carrots... Along the edge: Guérande, Incomparable; in addition, for - I and II zones - Chantenay 2461.

Fodder beet... Along the edge: Eckendorf yellow, Semi-sugar white.

Fodder watermelons... On the edge: Brodsky 37-42, Dishim.

Fodder pumpkin... Zones I, II and III: Large-fruited 1; in addition, for the III zone - Vitamin.

Mulberry... Along the edge: Kharkovskaya 3.

Zoning of silkworm hybridsIn silkworm breeding areas. For spring industrial feedings - hybrids: Early ripening 2 X Belokonnaya 2 and Belokonnaya 2 X Early ripening 2, PS-5 X Early ripening 2 and Early maturing 2 X PS-5. For summer industrial feedings - hybrids: Early maturing 2 X Belokonnaya 2 and Belokonnaya 2 X Early maturing 2; Early maturing 2 X PS-5 and PS-5 X Early maturing 2.

Vegetables

Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory

The Stavropol Territory is one of the leading industrial and agricultural complexes in Russia with a favorable geographic location and good development prospects.

The products of the region's industry, such factories as Georgievsky Valve, Stavropol Trailers, Budenovsky LLC Stavropolpolymer, Nevinnomyssk Chemical Combine LLC Azot, etc., are known not only in Russia, but also in many countries of the world. More agricultural products are produced in the Stavropol Territory than in all the republics of the North Caucasus combined.

The region is famous for its high industrial culture, numerous cadres of skilled workers, engineers and technicians, medical workers, developed science, which has a powerful potential in research institutes and universities of the region.

The diversified economy of the region is a complex production and territorial complex connected by the system of social division of labor with all regions of Russia and neighboring countries.

In this section, we have to find out the prerequisites for the development of the economy of the Stavropol Territory, assess the features of the specialization of industry and agriculture, transport and the non-production sphere.

Preconditions for the development of the economy

The favorable economic and geographical position and the developing industry of the Stavropol Territory determined the industrial and agrarian development path for it. Work was launched on the construction of dozens of factories for the production of building materials and woodworking, food industry enterprises. The machine-building, metalworking and chemical industries are developing.

The modern economic complex of the Stavropol Territory provided the basis for the subsequent stages of the formation and reconstruction of industry and the agricultural sector and their improvement in structure and relations.

The region has everything necessary for the development of the economy - arable land, agricultural machinery, mills, oil mills, equipment and labor resources for the extraction of oil and gas, for their processing into fuel, orchards, vineyards, dairy farms, poultry farms and other resources.

Industry is an important branch of the regional economy. It accounts for a significant portion of the profits. The modern structure is characterized by the predominance of heavy industries, the share of which in the total volume of production is about two-thirds.

The most developed were the fuel and energy, machine-building, chemical complexes, and the construction materials industry. Light and food industries are well developed in the region.

· Domestic regional product: 178.7 billion rubles. (2006)

· GRP per capita: 66,058 rubles. (2006)

· Annual production of oil and condensate: 1997 - 847 thousand tons, 2006 - approx. 1 million tons

· Annual production of associated gas: 2006 - about 130 million m³

· Annual production of natural gas: 1997 - about 350 million m³, 2006 - about 320 million m³

· Annual grain production: 2000 - 4.5 million tons, 2005 - 6.9 million tons, 2006 - 6.4 million tons.

· Annual production of primary electricity: about 700 million kWh

Branches of specialization of industry and agriculture

Among the most important sectors of the economy: light (textile), food (flour, butter, fruit and vegetable canning, etc.), machine building and metalworking, chemical (mineral fertilizers, plastics). Chemical and petrochemical industry (mineral fertilizers, synthetic resins and plastics, carbon black, household chemicals).

Largest enterprises:

JSC "ArZIL" (machine tools, tools and technological equipment, steel fittings),

PA "Stavropolneftegaz" (production of natural gas, oil),

Kinotekhnika JSC (refrigeration equipment; truck cranes);

Nevinnomyssk wool mill, etc.

The agrarian specialization of the region was determined by the presence of chernozems and chestnut soils. Main crops: wheat, corn, millet, rice, barley, sunflower, castor oil plant, sugar beet, essential oil. Horticulture and viticulture are developed, as well as meat and dairy cattle breeding. Irrigation of fields and watering of pastures: the Big Stavropol Canal, Nevinnomyssky and other canals, a number of irrigation and watering systems. Gas pipelines to Moscow, St. Petersburg.

The main industries are mechanical engineering (electrical equipment, machine tools, instruments, truck cranes, trailers), electric power, oil and gas production and processing, food (wine, fat and oil and canning in Georgievsk, sugar in Stavropol), chemical (mineral fertilizers in Nevinnomyssk, orgsynthesis in Budennovsk), building materials (glass in Mineralnye Vody), light (woolen in Nevinnomyssk, leather in Budennovsk), furniture, microbiological (Stavropol).

Energy This industry has received great development in the region. The Stavropol region is a link between the electrical systems of the North Caucasus and the European part of the country. Currently, there are power plants in the Stavropol Territory, such as:

Stavropolskaya GRES - 2,400 MW, 9 billion kWh (2004)

Nevinnomysskaya GRES - 1,290 MW, 6.064 billion kWh (2006)

Kuban HPP-3 - 87 MW, 0.193 billion kWh (average annual)

Kubanskaya HPP-4 - 78 MW, 0.183 billion kWh (average annual)

Egorlykskaya HPP - 30 MW, 0.112 billion kWh (average annual)

Kislovodsk CHPP - 12 MW

The total installed capacity is 4222 MW.

The total production of electricity by all stations reaches the level of 18 billion kWh / year.

The volume of heat energy production per year is about 11 million Gcal.

Energy consumption in 2006:

· Natural gas - 10 billion m³

· Oil products - more than 1.2 million tons.

Agriculture

It specializes in the cultivation of grain and sunflower, the leading role in animal husbandry belongs to cattle breeding, fine-wool sheep breeding. Horticulture, viticulture, poultry farming, pig breeding, beekeeping are widely developed.

Agriculture is one of the most important branches of the regional economy, which employs over 156 thousand people.

There are 1,010 economic entities of various forms of ownership in the Stavropol Territory, interacting with the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Territory. Among them, 500 agricultural organizations, 14.1 thousand peasant (farmer) households, 406.9 thousand personal subsidiary plots are engaged in commercial agricultural production.

The volume of agricultural production in all categories of farms amounted to 27.4 billion rubles, or 117.5% to the corresponding level of 2002.

Over the past three years, a stable increase in gross agricultural production has been achieved.At the same time, the increase in production is taking place both in the plant growing industry and in animal husbandry. Production growth is taking place not only in agricultural enterprises, but also in all categories of farms. Record grain harvests have been collected in the Stavropol Territory over the past two years. At the same time, the share of food grains is 82%. This is one of the best results in the Russian Federation.

Despite the fact that the production of cereals is the main direction in agriculture and its share in the proceeds is 72%, significant volumes of industrial crops are produced in the region.

The production of milk and meat, marketable eggs and pond fish has stabilized in the region. Poultry and pig breeding are on the rise. The increase in production volumes of the main types of livestock products is ensured by increasing the productivity of farm animals and poultry. This allowed the region to take the second place in Russia in terms of growth rates of commercial egg production.

In the last three years, the share of profitable farms has been maintained at the level of 70-65% (in Russia - 47-54%). The profitability of agricultural production is at the level of 22-16% (in Russia - 7-9%).

Features of the development of transport and non-production sphere

In the turnover of the region, the leading place is occupied by: for export - oil, mineral fertilizers, equipment, trailers, truck cranes, instruments, meat, grain, canned food, wool, livestock, mineral waters; for import - coal, oil products, machinery, equipment, textiles, timber, mineral fertilizers, building materials, sugar, confectionery.

Density of paved roads (km of roads per 1000 square meters of territory) 113 km (according to 2008 data); the share of paved roads was 97.5%. Freight turnover of road transport is 1303 million tons per kilometer. Sending goods by rail in 2008 amounted to 6.6 million tons, the number of cars - 140 pieces per 1000 people of the region's population. The density of public railways is 142 km of tracks per 10,000 sq. Km of territory. The number of passengers traveling by rail amounted to 13,179 thousand people.

Transport

A complex economic complex is unthinkable without a well-developed transport, which provides both internal and external communications of the region.

Railway

The main railway is the Armavir-Nevinnomyssk-Mineralnye Vody-Prokhladny section of the double-track electrified main line Moscow - Rostov-on-Don - Baku with single-track diesel locomotive branches to Ust-Dzheguta and Budennovsk, as well as a double-track electrified branch to Kislovodsk.

In addition, a single-track diesel locomotive line has been laid through Stavropol and Svetlograd from the Kavkazskaya station to Elista with a branch to Budennovsk.

The largest locomotive depots are Stavropol, Svetlograd, Nevinnomyssk and Mineralnye Vody.

The entire railway sector belongs to the North Caucasian Railway.

Car

The main highway "M-29" Caucasus, passing through Nevinnomyssk, Mineralnye Vody and Pyatigorsk, with access roads to Stavropol and further to Elista; to Cherkessk; to Kislovodsk; through Georgievsk, through Zelenokumsk and Budennovsk to Neftekumsk and further to Dagestan and Kalmykia.

The main road junctions are Nevinnomyssk and Pyatigorsk.

Aviation

The main air transportation is carried out through international airports:

Stavropol (Shpakovskoe) (asphalt concrete 2600x48, soil 2500x80) is located 12 kilometers north-east of Stavropol

Mineral Waters (reinforced concrete 3900 x 60 and 4100 x 48). It is the home port of the Kavminvodyavia airline.

Pipeline

The region has a very dense and extensive network of field and main pipelines:

Oil pipeline of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, pumping over 30 million tons of oil per year to the Black Sea terminals

· North Caucasian oil pipeline Baku - Makhachkala - Malgobek - Tikhoretsk with a branch adjoining the Komsomolskaya PS (Kalmykia)

· Gas pipeline "North Caucasus - Center"

· From the town of Izobilny begins the Blue Stream gas pipeline with a working capacity of 7.5 billion m³ (2006)

Product pipeline Mozdok - Rostov-on-Don with branches to Stavropol and Budennovsk

Dense network of field oil, gas and product pipelines, consumer gas pipelines

Blue Stream is a gas pipeline between Russia and Turkey, laid along the bottom of the Black Sea.

The total length of the gas pipeline is 1213 km, of which:

· A land section on the Russian side from the town of Izobilny, Stavropol Territory to the village of Arkhipo-Osipovka, Krasnodar Territory, on the Black Sea coast, 373 km long;

· The sea section from Arkhipo-Osipovka to the Durusu terminal located 60 km from the city of Samsun (Turkey) with a length of 396 km;

· The land section on the Turkish side from Samsun to Ankara is 444 km long.

The diameter of the gas pipeline pipe: the flat part of the onshore section - 1400 mm, the mountainous part of the onshore section - 1200 mm, the offshore section - 610 mm.

Electric transport

The main transmission line of 500 kV Volgodonskaya NPP - Stavropolskaya GRES - Ingurskaya HPP runs through the region.

The largest substation in the region is located in Budyonnovsk (500 kV) connecting the systems of the North Caucasus and Dagestan with the Volgodonsk NPP.

Urban transport

From urban transport, the Pyatigorsk narrow-gauge tram and the Stavropol trolleybus are interesting.

Non-production sphere

Internet

In connection with the development of the latest technologies, more and more computer technologies are being introduced into our daily life, including the Internet - a worldwide information network. In the modern world, the Internet is conquering one of the leading places in the development of new connections and technologies; on the Internet, you can find all the necessary information in any field of human activity, from education and medicine to the website of the President of Russia. In our region, the Internet has spread everywhere. Almost every home and every organization has computers and connections to the Internet - a source of information.

Science, education and culture

Among the scientific institutions stand out: Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture

North Caucasian research and development institute of natural gases

Scientific research institute of complex use of milk

The main representatives of the education system:

Stavropol State University

North Caucasian state technical university

Nevinnomyssk technical institute (branch of SevKavGTU)

Nevinnomyssk Institute of Economics, Management and Law

Stavropol state agrarian university

Stavropol state medical academy

Pyatigorsk state linguistic university

Pyatigorsk state pharmaceutical academy

Pyatigorsk state technological university

Since April 1, 2010, the Stavropol Territory has been participating in an experiment on teaching the course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" (includes "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture", "Fundamentals of Islamic Culture", "Fundamentals of Buddhist Culture", "Fundamentals of Jewish Culture", "Fundamentals world religious cultures ", and" Fundamentals of secular ethics ").

Resort and tourism economy

The area of concentration of resort and tourist facilities in the Stavropol Territory is the Caucasian Mineral Waters - Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk. The region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters is located between the Stavropol Upland and the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus. Over 130 mineral springs and large reserves of silt mud (Lake Tambukanskoe). In 1992, the Caucasian Mineral Waters region was given the status of a specially protected ecological-resort region of the Russian Federation. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over Russia come here for rest and treatment in hydrotherapy, mud baths, resort clinics, drinking pump rooms. The KMV resorts have 14 hydropathic establishments for 1200 baths, which are capable of providing up to 20 thousand medical procedures daily.There are 22 drinking pump rooms and 5 galleries for medicinal drinking at the resorts. In addition, inhalers and swimming pools operate in every resort town. Resort parks with a developed terrenkur network have been created.

The region has a local history museum, a literary museum of the peoples of the North Caucasus and much more. There are also theaters and cinemas, houses of culture.

Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory

The Stavropol Territory is one of the leading industrial and agricultural complexes in Russia with a favorable geographic location and good development prospects.

The diversified economy of the region is a complex production and territorial complex connected by the system of social division of labor with all regions of Russia and neighboring countries.

Preconditions for the development of the economy

The most developed were the fuel and energy, machine-building, chemical complexes, and the construction materials industry. Light and food industries are well developed in the region.

· Domestic regional product: 178.7 billion rubles. (2006)

· GRP per capita: 66,058 rubles. (2006)

· Annual production of oil and condensate: 1997 - 847 thousand tons, 2006 - approx. 1 million tons

· Annual production of associated gas: 2006 - about 130 million m³

· Annual production of natural gas: 1997 - about 350 million m³, 2006 - about 320 million m³

· Annual grain production: 2000 - 4.5 million tons, 2005 - 6.9 million tons, 2006 - 6.4 million tons.

· Annual production of primary electricity: about 700 million kWh

Branches of specialization of industry and agriculture

Largest enterprises:

JSC "ArZIL" (machine tools, tools and technological equipment, steel fittings),

PA "Stavropolneftegaz" (production of natural gas, oil),

Kinotekhnika JSC (refrigeration equipment; truck cranes);

Nevinnomyssk wool mill, etc.

The agrarian specialization of the region was determined by the presence of chernozems and chestnut soils. Main crops: wheat, corn, millet, rice, barley, sunflower, castor oil plant, sugar beet, essential oil. Horticulture and viticulture are developed, as well as meat and dairy cattle breeding. Irrigation of fields and watering of pastures: Big Stavropol Canal, Nevinnomyssky and other canals, a number of irrigation and watering systems. Gas pipelines to Moscow, St. Petersburg.

Stavropolskaya GRES - 2,400 MW, 9 billion kWh (2004)

Nevinnomysskaya GRES - 1,290 MW, 6.064 billion kWh (2006)

Kubanskaya HPP-3 - 87 MW, 0.193 billion kWh (average annual)

Kubanskaya HPP-4 - 78 MW, 0.183 billion kWh (average annual)

Egorlykskaya HPP - 30 MW, 0.112 billion kWh (average annual)

Kislovodsk CHPP - 12 MW

The total installed capacity is 4222 MW.

The total production of electricity by all stations reaches the level of 18 billion kWh / year.

The volume of heat energy production per year is about 11 million Gcal.

Energy consumption in 2006:

· Natural gas - 10 billion m³

· Oil products - more than 1.2 million tons.

Agriculture

Agriculture is one of the most important branches of the regional economy, which employs over 156 thousand people.

The volume of agricultural production in all categories of farms amounted to 27.4 billion rubles, or 117.5% to the corresponding level of 2002.

Over the past three years, a stable increase in gross agricultural production has been achieved. At the same time, the increase in production is taking place both in the plant growing industry and in animal husbandry. Production growth is taking place not only in agricultural enterprises, but also in all categories of farms. Record grain harvests have been collected in the Stavropol Territory over the past two years. At the same time, the share of food grains is 82%. This is one of the best results in the Russian Federation.

Despite the fact that grain production is the main direction in agriculture and its share in the proceeds is 72%, significant volumes of industrial crops are produced in the region.

The production of milk and meat, marketable eggs and pond fish has stabilized in the region. Poultry and pig breeding are on the rise. The increase in production volumes of the main types of livestock products is ensured by increasing the productivity of farm animals and poultry.This allowed the region to take the second place in Russia in terms of growth rates of commercial egg production.

Features of the development of transport and non-production sphere

Transport

A complex economic complex is unthinkable without a well-developed transport, which provides both internal and external communications of the region.

Railway

In addition, a single-track diesel locomotive line has been laid through Stavropol and Svetlograd from the Kavkazskaya station to Elista with a branch to Budennovsk.

The largest locomotive depots are Stavropol, Svetlograd, Nevinnomyssk and Mineralnye Vody.

The entire railway sector belongs to the North Caucasian Railway.

Car

The main road junctions are Nevinnomyssk and Pyatigorsk.

Aviation

The main air transportation is carried out through international airports:

Stavropol (Shpakovskoe) (asphalt concrete 2600x48, soil 2500x80) is located 12 kilometers north-east of Stavropol

Mineral Waters (reinforced concrete 3900 x 60 and 4100 x 48). It is the home port of the Kavminvodyavia airline.

Pipeline

The region has a very dense and extensive network of field and main pipelines:

Oil pipeline of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, pumping over 30 million tons of oil per year to the Black Sea terminals

· North Caucasian oil pipeline Baku - Makhachkala - Malgobek - Tikhoretsk with a branch adjoining the Komsomolskaya PS (Kalmykia)

· Gas pipeline "North Caucasus - Center"

· From the town of Izobilny begins the Blue Stream gas pipeline with a working capacity of 7.5 billion m³ (2006)

Product pipeline Mozdok - Rostov-on-Don with branches to Stavropol and Budennovsk

Dense network of field oil, gas and product pipelines, consumer gas pipelines

Blue Stream is a gas pipeline between Russia and Turkey, laid along the bottom of the Black Sea.

The total length of the gas pipeline is 1213 km, of which:

· A land section on the Russian side from the town of Izobilny, Stavropol Territory to the village of Arkhipo-Osipovka, Krasnodar Territory, on the Black Sea coast, 373 km long;

· The sea section from Arkhipo-Osipovka to the Durusu terminal located 60 km from the city of Samsun (Turkey) with a length of 396 km;

· The land section on the Turkish side from Samsun to Ankara is 444 km long.

Pipeline diameter of the gas pipeline: flat part of the onshore section - 1400 mm, mountainous part of the onshore section - 1200 mm, offshore section - 610 mm.

Electric transport

The main power transmission line of 500 kV Volgodonskaya NPP - Stavropolskaya GRES - Ingurskaya HPP runs through the region.

The largest substation in the region is located in Budyonnovsk (500 kV) connecting the systems of the North Caucasus and Dagestan with the Volgodonsk NPP.

Urban transport

From urban transport, the Pyatigorsk narrow-gauge tram and the Stavropol trolleybus are of interest.

Non-production sphere

Internet

In connection with the development of the latest technologies, more and more computer technologies are being introduced into our daily life, including the Internet - the worldwide information network. In the modern world, the Internet is conquering one of the leading places in the development of new connections and technologies; on the Internet, you can find all the necessary information in any field of human activity, from education and medicine to the website of the President of Russia. In our region, the Internet has spread everywhere. Almost every home and every organization has computers and connections to the Internet - a source of information.

Science, education and culture

Among the scientific institutions stand out: Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture

North Caucasian research and development institute of natural gases

Scientific research institute of complex use of milk

The main representatives of the education system:

Stavropol State University

North Caucasian state technical university

Nevinnomyssk technical institute (branch of SevKavGTU)

Nevinnomyssk Institute of Economics, Management and Law

Stavropol state agrarian university

Stavropol state medical academy

Pyatigorsk state linguistic university

Pyatigorsk state pharmaceutical academy

Pyatigorsk state technological university

Resort and tourism economy

The area of concentration of resort and tourist facilities in the Stavropol Territory is the Caucasian Mineral Waters - Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk. The region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters is located between the Stavropol Upland and the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus. Over 130 mineral springs and large reserves of silt mud (Lake Tambukanskoe). In 1992, the Caucasian Mineral Waters region was given the status of a specially protected ecological-resort region of the Russian Federation. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over Russia come here for rest and treatment in hydrotherapy, mud baths, resort clinics, drinking pump rooms. The KMV resorts have 14 hydropathic establishments for 1200 baths, which are capable of providing up to 20 thousand medical procedures daily. There are 22 drinking pump rooms and 5 galleries for medicinal drinking at the resorts. In addition, inhalers and swimming pools operate in every resort town. Resort parks with a developed terrenkur network have been created.

The region has a local history museum, a literary museum of the peoples of the North Caucasus and much more. There are also theaters and cinemas, houses of culture.

Agriculture

Page 1

In crop production

the main grain crop is winter wheat, with preference given to hard and strong varieties. Its sown area is over a million hectares.The Stavropol Territory provides five percent of the total grain harvest in Russia. Fodder and industrial crops are grown in the region, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables, and oilseeds are cultivated on large areas. The Stavropol region has great potential for the production of sunflower and other vegetable oils.

Livestock raising.

In beef cattle, priority is given to highly productive breeds - Heriford and Charolais. Particular attention is paid to the development of beef cattle breeding in the north-eastern regions of the region: Ipatovsky, Levokumsky, Apanasenkovsky, Neftekumsky and Turkmen.

Taking into account the processes of moving a significant part of the public herd to peasant farms, to private farmsteads of villagers, the emphasis is on growing early maturing meat breeds.

The situation in pig breeding is stabilizing. The number of pigs is maintained at the 1996 level, while their average daily weight gain is increasing.

For many decades, the Stavropol region has been a zone of fine-wool sheep breeding.

The Institute maintains close ties with specialists from Australia, Germany, USA, Great Britain, Austria, Mongolia and other countries.

The Government of the Stavropol Territory has concluded agreements with the Federal Contract Corporation Roskhleboprodukt OJSC on the organization production of poultry meat - broilers.

The broiler association "Stavropolskoye", located in the Caucasian Mineral Waters, organized the production of products in the amount of 6 thousand tons of poultry meat per year. The example of this enterprise confirms the promise of broiler poultry farming.

Traditionally profitable sectors of agriculture in the Stavropol region are viticulture and horticulture.

Since the end of the XIX century, the production of tart, dry, Kakhetian wines, vermouths and cognacs has been established in the most fertile regions: Budenovsky, Mineralovodsky, Georgievsky, Levokumsky.

AgriculturePage 1

Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory

Agriculture

Transport

Geography of the economy of the Stavropol Territory

Agriculture

Transport

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