How to grow cucumbers outdoors in the Moscow region?

Growing cucumbers in the Moscow region is a laborious process. The region is characterized by a changeable climate. To grow a rich crop, you need to carefully choose the variety and seeds.

Growing cucumbers in the Moscow region

Cucumber varieties

When choosing a variety for a garden, it is necessary to determine the place where the cucumbers will grow: in a greenhouse, greenhouse, or in an open area. Decide in advance when you will harvest in order to choose the appropriate variety.

How to choose a variety

Cucumbers are grown for canning for the winter and for fresh consumption. It is recommended to choose a variety for universal consumption, for example, Non-Gentile.

The weather in the Moscow region is unstable, drought alternates with high humidity. Spring frosts destroy young seedlings. Breeders have bred suitable hybrids for the Moscow region that can survive unstable weather conditions, variable humidity, and disease.

It is recommended to choose cucumbers, taking into account the following parameters:

1. Ripening terms - choose varieties that ripen quickly, in 43-50 days.
2. Appointment - universal, salad, pickling.
3. Pollination - in the changing climate of the Moscow region, one should choose parthenocarpic (self-pollinated).

Many people grow 7 types of cucumbers at the same time in one area. By combining self-pollinated and bee-pollinated.

Adapted varieties

Cucumbers in the Moscow region are chosen as follows:

1. Goosebump is a self-pollinated early variety with small gherkins and pimples. They grow in greenhouses and outdoors. Consumed fresh.
2. Courage is a species that is highly fertile, one bush gives up to 25 kg, with proper care. Resistant to frost and disease.
3. Masha - well grown in the Moscow region. Early variety, fruits are long, slightly bitter, medium-sized. The crop is harvested after 30 - 35 days from the date of sowing.
4. Vir 505 - excellent in taste, medium early. The length of the cucumbers is about 11 cm. Suitable for pickling, pickling and canning.
5. Petersburg Express. Early variety, small cucumbers. They are used fresh, not suitable for preservation and salting. They begin to bear fruit after 40 days from the date of sowing.

You can also plant in the suburbs, cucumbers varieties: Altai early, Nerosimy 40, Sovkhozny, Vyaznikovsky, Union, hybrids Magnificent, Competitor, hybrid MOVIR, Yielding 86, Santana, Libelle, Farmer, Stork, Claudia, Blizzard, Nightingale, Blizzard, Zhuravlen Cellar, By the pike's behest, Annushka, Spring.

Preparing open soil

It is important to carefully choose the site for planting.

If you plan to plant salad cucumbers in the Moscow region, you need to carefully choose a site.

Planting time

Cucumber bushes will harvest when planted at the right time. Sowing of cucumbers in open ground in central Russia begins in late May - early June. Sown until mid-June.

The crop can be obtained two weeks earlier by planting seedlings in mid-May, in order to transplant them to open soil by the end of the month. This will protect the cucumbers from frost.

Seat selection

The place should be protected from winds and have enough sunlight. Pay attention to which crop was growing in the soil in front of the cucumbers. Cabbage, onions, perennial herbs, and potatoes work well. It is not recommended to plant cucumbers in one place for several years in a row.

Plot

The plot begins to be prepared in the fall. You need to dig up the ridge, the size is at your request. Loosen the soil several times. Just before sowing, the process is repeated.

Convenient when your site is rectangular. The place of the proposed landing is fertilized in advance. Dig a long, deep trench up to 25-30 cm.Fertilizer is placed on the bottom:

• sawdust;
• straw;
• peat;
• grass;
• leaves;
• manure.

Such preparation will insulate the beds. Top can be sprinkled with wood ash. It is recommended to apply 6-8 kg of fertilizer per 1 sq. M. (Locally).

Chicken droppings are fine too, but high toxicity can damage the plant, so pre-soak and dilute with water.

An organic fertilizer will not only provide the necessary nutrients for the soil, but also increase the permeability of the air.

Seed preparation

Seeds need to be prepared for planting

Preparing the seeds before sowing will increase the number of seedlings. Check the seeds for suitability, as follows:

• dipped in salt water;
• seeds that have surfaced are unsuitable for sowing;
• then washed with clean water and dried.

Warming up the seeds will give its result. Place them in the oven, set the temperature to 50 degrees, stir occasionally for 4 hours.

The seed can be soaked in a light solution of boric acid with potassium permanganate. You can additionally harden the seeds. The seeds are pink or otherwise (purchased) do not need hardening, germination and steeping.

Disembarkation rules

You need to sow 2-3 seeds in the hole. It is necessary to observe the distance between the holes in half a meter, if 1 row. And up to 1 m, if 2 rows. The distance between the rows is 0.5-0.6 m. After planting, the cucumbers do not need to be watered, the abundant moisture will displace oxygen.

Bush care

Like any other plant, a cucumber requires regular watering, loosening and proper feeding of the bushes. You need to take care of the cleanliness of the soil, as weeds grow faster than cucumbers and take up nutrients.

Watering

Cucumber is a water-loving plant. It is necessary to pay special attention to watering, the quantity and quality of fruiting directly depends on this. At the seedling stage, the cucumber does not require a larger volume of water; on the contrary, excess moisture will retard development. With the appearance of lashes, watering should be in moderation, a large amount of water at this stage will delay flowering. When the bush begins to actively bloom and bear fruit, watering is carried out more often, the soil should be constantly moist. It is not recommended to water with cold water, especially in the heat. Water when the heat of the day subsides - in the evening or early in the morning.

Top dressing

Open field cucumbers in the Moscow region need fertilizers. Weather conditions in central Russia are not always stable, and heavy rains can wash nutrients out of the soil. It is necessary to carry out additional feeding. When growing seedlings, nitroammofoska is added. Two weeks after planting in the ground, watered with urea. It is necessary to help the cucumber form a bush by tying the threads or making a mesh in advance.

Pest control

Diseases and pests can destroy some of the crop.

Aphids are the main enemy of the cucumber. Insects settle under the leaves and suck out all the juices. It is necessary to spray with an infusion of nettle, diluted in water with laundry soap, infusion of wood ash or infusion of tobacco. Ladybugs will also help you in this matter.

CUCUMBERS IN OPEN GROUND! HUGE HARVEST! CARE TIPS!

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse. Moscow region-2017.

Early cucumbers. A tricky way to grow cucumbers

Sprout fly larvae damage young seedlings and seeds. During the growing season, plants need to be treated with Karbofos and Funanon preparations.

White spots may appear on the surface of the leaves - this is powdery mildew. Before sowing cucumbers, it is necessary to disinfect the garden bed and remove all plant residues. In the fight against it, treatment with fungicides will help. If the disease cannot be cured, repeat the spraying.

Conclusion

Use our tips for growing cucumbers in the Moscow region in 2018. The culture does not need to be planted in one place for several years. Choose the optimal sowing time. Caring for cucumbers will ensure a high yield.

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Cultivation of cucumbers in the Moscow region easily takes place in the open field. You can plant any of the best varieties of delicious cucumbers. For a successful planting, you need to know when to plant any varieties. What are the secrets of growing cucumbers in the Moscow region?

Growing cucumbers in the Moscow region has its own characteristics

Growing features

Self-pollinated and other varieties of cucumbers easily coexist with homemade peas, various cabbage, but they definitely do not like potatoes. If you want to grow cucumbers outdoors in a corner of the Moscow region, set aside an area for them that receives a lot of sunlight. On an area with light soil, there should be no harsh and cold winds.

Where better to plant any of the best cucumber varieties if you want to grow really good crops? Sowing cucumbers is preferable on open ground, where tomatoes, legumes, root vegetables, cabbage, peppers or onions used to grow. Yields can be lowered if you sow self-pollinated seeds in the same spot over and over again.

Cucumbers can be grown directly in the open field. When is the best time to plant? In this case, it is recommended to start planting in June so that the crop has time to ripen. You can choose seedlings for greenhouses or outdoor cultivation.

Cucumbers and tomatoes in the garden are perfectly adjacent to each other

Soil preparation

How and when to prepare open ground for seedlings in the Moscow region in the fall? Dig a strip no wider than 70 cm and a depth of 20 cm. Directly in the center of the strip, make a straight trench 30 cm deep. Straw, leaves, sawdust, grass and peat should be laid directly on its bottom. This layer is no more than 15 cm and remains intact until spring.

How is open ground prepared for planting seedlings in the Moscow region? When is the best time to start growing? At the very beginning of May, it is required to lay a 25 cm layer of fresh manure in the prepared trench. Pour boiling water over it with a little manganese. Then a small amount of soil is placed in which cucumbers will grow in an open space.

For a start, you can not plant the seedlings in unprotected open soil. The best varieties grow easily in a greenhouse. Seedlings need to be fertilized on time so that they normally take root in the greenhouse.

Remember that the greenhouse should not be too hot, but also cold. If you want the planting to be successful, the seedlings must be correct, not only planted, but also protected. The best varieties of selected cucumbers for a greenhouse are hybrids, the variety of which will delight any gardener. Which plants to choose depends on your individual preferences.

What are the terms of cultivation? It all depends directly on the variety that you decide to grow. For early vegetables, ripening periods of no more than a couple of months are characteristic. At a later date, you can collect cucumbers, suitable not only for salads, but also for subsequent preservation.

Late cucumbers are mainly used for conservation.

Correct care

Growing cucumbers is a rather painstaking business. Seedlings should be sprayed with a small amount of clean water in the morning. This is also done in the greenhouse, which also receives polluted air. Poor ecology is a real harm to the harvest of this vegetable, therefore, even in the greenhouse, they organize extremely careful and timely care.

Which lashes should not be shifted during the harvesting process:

• Already adult shoots should not be shifted so as not to harm the delicate plant. The vegetable will begin to waste its energy on turning the leaves to the desired position, which leads to a decrease in yield, and the cultivation itself ceases to make sense.
• When picking cucumbers, it is best to carefully remove them from the lashes without damaging the seedlings.

Seedlings also need to be protected from gusts of wind. Therefore, it is best to plant the plant in a secluded corner, which is protected from drafts and sudden gusts of wind. When there is a draft, there is an increased evaporation and disappearance of carbon dioxide.

Growing a vegetable implies increased plant nutrition with ordinary carbon dioxide - the correct formation of female flowers is accelerated. It is necessary to plant cucumbers with the introduction of organic matter under the seedlings, when they move to open soil.

It is helpful to regularly water the plants with the mullein, but it should not come into direct contact with the vegetable itself.

Gardeners do not recommend using the pinch method if you are growing a tasty and bountiful harvest of cucumbers in open soil. The plant is characterized by the formation of a sufficient number of female inflorescences on the main stem, as well as secondary shoots. In any case, if the care is correct and the fertilization is regular, you will get high yields.

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Cucumber is a vegetable that is 97% water. The remaining 3% contains essential oils and organic acids, which actively affect the sense of smell and the human digestive system. The Moscow region and other regions of Central Russia are considered an ideal area for growing cucumbers. At the same time, there are a number of rules and tricks for successfully growing cucumbers in the open field. From our article you will learn which varieties are better to give preference to, when to sow seeds and in what soil, as well as how to organize the care of a vegetable crop.

The best varieties of cucumbers for the Moscow region

Not sure which variety to choose? Pay attention to the following characteristics of this vegetable crop, which will help you make the right choice:

• ripening period;
• application;
• pollination method.

Hundreds of varieties of cucumbers are suitable for planting and growing in the weather and climatic conditions of the Moscow region. However, the seeds of the following varieties are considered the best: Altai Territory, Nezhinsky local, Vyaznikovsky, hybrids Sovkhozny and Velikolepny, Competitor, Soyuz, Nerosimy 40, Urozhainy 86, VIR 505, as well as breeding hybrids Metelitsa, Zhuravlenok, Rodnichok, Nightingale, Petersburg Express, Annushka, Masha, Claudia, Herman, Farmer, By the Pike's command and others. According to the recommendations of experienced farmers, outdoors, you can simultaneously cultivate 3–7 different varieties of cucumbers.

Planting dates for cucumbers in the Moscow region

The next "secret" of growing cucumbers in the open field in the Moscow region is to determine the permissible sowing periods. To provide yourself with tasty watery vegetables, start sowing their seeds in late May and early June. The sowing period can be extended up to the 20th of the first summer month. With such a long sowing of a field or vegetable garden, harvesting is guaranteed until September inclusive.

Garden bed preparation

Looking for a good harvest of cucumbers? Then you need to take care of the soil where the seeds will be sown in spring and summer. Of great importance in the fertility of a particular variety is played by the predecessor, which was cultivated in this area of ​​the garden or field. Tomatoes, cabbage, onions, lettuce and peas are among the ideal precursors. But from sowing in open ground, where beans previously grew, it is better to refuse. The soil used for beans is often affected by white rot.

Preparation of a land plot for subsequent sowing begins in the fall. The soil is covered with a layer of rotted manure. At the same time, it is important to correctly calculate the required amount of organic fertilizers. For example, following the recommendations of experienced agricultural workers, apply 6–8 kg of fertilizer per 1 m² of land. Further, the soil is dug up, the remains of plants are removed.For greater fertility, farmers recommend using the method of sowing cucumbers of different varieties in a "warm" bed. The effect of heat is created due to the decomposition of plant-type waste (sawdust, straw, last year's fallen leaves, grass cuttings).

Do not use vegetable tops, as it can carry various diseases or be a kind of "home" for the larvae of insect pests. Burn the tops of last year's vegetable crops, and you can sprinkle the resulting ash on the soil in the field. Distribute plant debris evenly over an open area, tamp it, water the soil well with warm water, sprinkle with wood ash and chalk on top. Then cover with plastic wrap and let it brew for 24 hours.

Further, on the surface of the site, you need to level a new layer of soil, consisting of sod land, sawdust, peat and humus. Such a soil, which is better called "puff cake", is covered with a thick film and left in this form until the start of sowing work - that is, until spring. Preparing "warm" soil requires a lot of attention, time and effort, but this method helps to increase the yield of cucumbers of any variety.

Planting and further care

In the open ground of the Moscow region, vegetable crops can be planted with seeds, not seedlings. The seeds are pre-soaked and transferred to a warm place so that they hatch. How are different varieties of cucumbers planted?

Seeds are sown in grooves or holes 1–2 cm deep. Sowing is covered with damp earth, while the soil must be lightly tamped. From above, everything is covered with a film, which is removed with the first sunrises of the cucumbers.

Growing vegetables in an open garden plot will be crowned with success only with the organization of proper watering and fertilizing. Organic fertilizers are used (mullein, chicken, pigeon or rabbit droppings), as well as ready-made complexes "Effecton", "Agricola" and "Energen", which should be diluted and applied according to the instructions. Water the sowing with warm water every 2-3 days or as the soil dries up.

Forming cucumbers

One of the important stages in the cultivation of cucumbers is the formation of bushes.

This procedure is used to increase yields. Shrub formation includes cutting off lateral shoots, removing yellowed or rotten foliage, pinching, and garter. All work is best done in the first half of the day - in this case, the injured areas dry out faster.

Video "Cucumbers in the open field"

In this video, you will hear useful tips for growing cucumbers.

In fact, everyone can harvest a lot of good harvests from cucumbers. But this requires knowledge about the care and maintenance of this culture. In addition, the cucumber variety plays an important role in cultivation. If it matches the climatic conditions in the region, the cucumbers will thrive and bear fruit. It will not be difficult to grow them.

Also, the growth and development of a plant can be influenced by how it is looked after, in what month it is sown, what kind of soil and where it was planted: in the open ground or in a greenhouse. Today we will consider which are the best to choose cucumbers for open ground for the Moscow region.

Content

Choosing a variety

Which variety is best for the Moscow region? If you decide to start growing this vegetable on your site, then first of all you need to decide where it will be planted - in greenhouses or in open ground next to other plants.

How they will be used in the future - for preservation for the winter, in salads, or simply go for sale. In addition, when buying seeds, you should choose the varieties that are most resistant to diseases and suitable fruiting times:

1. Early ripe varieties of cucumbers bear the first fruits 35–42 days after sowing.
2. Mid-season cucumbers begin to ripen after 42-56 days.
3. Harvesting from a late-ripening variety begins in two months.

It is desirable to plant vegetables of early and mid-season varieties in the Moscow region. Hybrids or varieties should be chosen only those that will be resistant to disease and cold weather, especially if you plan to grow not in greenhouses, but in open areas. To obtain a good harvest, which will not be affected by weather conditions, it is recommended to sow self-pollinated hybrid species.

Varieties for outdoor and greenhouse cultivation

Which cucumbers to plant outdoors? The best known varieties and hybrids are the following:

• Farmer;
• Claudia;
• Hermann;
• Fontanelle;
• Phoenix.

If you want to grow crops in greenhouse conditions, varieties with any fruiting dates are suitable. In this case, you do not need to focus on frost resistance. In a greenhouse, even the most delicate variety of cucumbers will be protected from bad weather conditions and sudden changes in temperature.

However, it is desirable to focus specifically on the methods of pollination. Insects are far from always able to penetrate into greenhouses, especially since they are inactive on days of bad weather. It is recommended to choose self-pollinated types of vegetables, this will maximize the result of your labors.

In greenhouses, seeds of the following types are most often grown:

• Thumb Boy;
• Ant F1;
• Emelya;
• Moscow evenings F1.

Selectors have also developed many versatile varieties (most of them self-pollinating) that are suitable for both open ground and greenhouses. The most famous among them:

• Goosebump F1;
• Benefit F1;
• The secret of the F1 company.

Rules for planting and growing cucumbers

Before you start growing cucumbers in the open field in the Moscow region, you should familiarize yourself with all the rules and nuances of caring for cucumbers. In order to grow this vegetable crop, you can use both seedling and non-seedling methods.

If sowing seeds is carried out early, then the cucumbers will begin to bear fruit a little earlier. In this case, the grains must first be soaked for a couple of days, wait until the roots appear, and then planted in the ground.

For this purpose, you can use small pots or a couple of large boxes. Plants are planted, keeping a small distance (five to seven centimeters), in order to avoid possible problems.

If you do not want to bother with soaking the seeds, it is better to just sow them in open ground. In this option, there is one rather important point - sprouts will appear only under the condition of a suitable soil temperature. It should be at least fifteen degrees.

Many seasoned gardeners spend about a month heating the seeds in a room with a temperature of about twenty-five degrees. They believe that such treatment has a beneficial effect on the germination of seedlings, promotes rapid development and good fruiting. When the grains are already warmed up, they are disinfected in a weak solution of manganese.

Then the future plants are hardened. To do this, they are removed to the refrigerator shelf and left for one day. After, they are sown in prepared soil. Hybrid cucumber varieties do not need special preparation.

Therefore, at the end, it is enough just to water the area, and then cover it with a film. This prevents the soil from drying out too quickly. When the cotyledon leaves open, it is removed.

As soon as the first true leaves appear in the cucumber seedlings, the soil is fertilized. As a rule, it is carried out with fertilizers containing nitrogen. This procedure helps the fruit grow faster and makes them stronger. Watering the seedlings should be at intervals of five to seven days.

When there are about three to four leaves on the seedlings, they are planted in a permanent area.

How to transplant and care for cucumbers?

A drained, organic-rich soil is best suited for the growth of cucumbers. The area in which they will be grown should be changed periodically. This will help reduce the risk of plant disease.Before planting, the land is fertilized with sawdust, peat, turf and a small amount of sand.

When the beds are ready, watering is carried out with a solution of warm water with vitriol - one teaspoon is placed on twenty liters of liquid. You can plant seeds or seedlings only every other day.

The holes are made not very close to each other - at a distance of at least half a meter. After that, the grains are sown, watered, and then covered with soil.

When planting seedlings, the root system is straightened and covered with earth to the root collar. The soil near the plants is slightly pressed down. For several days, the seedlings are covered with glass jars or plastic bottles, thereby protecting them from unusual weather conditions.

As needed, it is necessary to carry out weeding in the beds, removing the weeds that have appeared, loosen the soil near the plants and water it well. Watering the soil near the grown cucumbers is recommended no more than once a week. Moreover, it is advisable to do this during the flowering period of plants. Watering is increased up to two times as soon as the crop begins to bear fruit.

Vegetables are watered with care, trying not to erode the ground, and cultivated after the beds.

Feeding is done at least four times throughout the season. In this case, either organic or mineral substances are used:

• Urea;
• Potassium sulfate;
• Superphosphate.

You can also use ash, mullein or bird droppings as fertilizers. During the beginning of growth and until harvesting, the cucumbers are tied up and pinched.