How to grow oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse in bags in winter?

Most often, greenhouses are used for the cultivation of vegetables; one of the rare areas is considered growing mushrooms indoors.

For many, picking up mushrooms in the forest is associated with a pleasant pastime, but mushrooms on their site gives such an advantage as the opportunity to have fresh fragrant mushrooms in a year-round mode.

…

Pros of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse

Growing mushrooms in a greenhouse is carried out most often during a period when it is free of vegetables. For these purposes, most often unpretentious varieties are used, the humus remaining after the mushrooms is actively used as a fertilizer. The process is also characterized by economy, mushrooms do not require such investmentslike vegetables.

Other benefits:

• the possibility of growing for sale;
• environmental Safety;
• the availability of seed;
• no need for skills;
• low labor intensity.

What mushrooms can be grown?

In the first place in popularity is oyster mushroom, the advantages of its cultivation include high yield and short reproduction cycle... Its competitors are the ring mushroom and winter mushrooms.

Champignons are considered more capricious, the soil for them is prepared according to a complex technological process. In details, how to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse, we will describe below.

Growing porcini mushrooms in a greenhouse, morels and a new type of mushroom - shiitake, also does not present any special difficulties with the right approach.

Greenhouse conditions

How to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse? A greenhouse for mushrooms is practically no different from a vegetable greenhouse, oyster mushroom can be plant at the same time with cucumbers, the conditions are practically the same. Champignons are most often grown for subsequent sale, as it is very profitable.

It is possible to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse all year round. To make a profit in a year-round mode, a greenhouse should be equipped furnace, electric and gas heating... Mushrooms grow well in glass and film greenhouses, while the main condition must be met - minimal lighting, the building must be protected from the sun.

You can find out on our website how to build and strengthen a polycarbonate greenhouse, how to make an arched, single-slope (wall), from window frames or choose a ready-made greenhouse, as well as how to correctly position a building on a site.

A separate area must be prepared for mushrooms - cover the light with a darkened film or agrofibre, this will create the most comfortable conditions for the development of mycelium.

Special attention should be paid to the level of humidity, which must be high enough - for this must be constantly sprayed with water substrate and walls of the greenhouse. Small sawdust has the ability to accumulate water and give it back later, so there must be sawdust on the floor to increase the humidity.

Containers with water spaced at a distance of 1.5 m from each other will help to ensure a high level of humidity, this method will provide additional circulation of moisture.

To increase the comfort of mushroom growth, it is recommended to ventilate the greenhouse from time to time, if necessary, you can create a little ventilation.

Growing features

Oyster mushrooms

How to grow oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse? Oyster mushrooms can be grown in two main ways: on wood blocks or in bags. In the second case, it is necessary in advance prepare tight bags and fill them with substrate. In this capacity, small straw, sawdust or buckwheat husks can be used, they can be taken both individually and in mixed form.

Into the substrate you need to add a little mycelium, put it in bags and tie. Oyster mushroom mycelium grows very quickly, in some cases it even has to be divided.

It is necessary to make 7-10 holes in the bag, from where the mushrooms will grow in the future. At the last stage, the bags should hang up on hooks or ropes.

Growing oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse in the second way, involves planting mycelium on pieces of wood, for this you need wooden blocks. Pre-moistened pieces of wood are covered with mycelium, the smallest parts of which penetrate into the tree and are fixed in it for a couple of days.

In the next step on germination area it is necessary to lay roofing paper or plastic wrap, sprinkle it with a mixture of sand, earth and sawdust, spread the bars on top every 30 cm.Cover them on top with earth and fine sawdust, sprinkle with manure, lay agrofibre on top.

Useful video about growing oyster mushrooms:

Champignons

How to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse? The most important thing when growing mushrooms is to create favorable conditions. Optimum humidity level air is 75-90%, the temperature can fluctuate between 0-25 degrees.

For planting, it is recommended to choose the most hidden areas, the substrate should consist of horse manure and straw.

The technology for growing champignons in a greenhouse is as follows: at the first stage, straw and manure must be placed in piles, sprinkle with ammonium nitrate on top, in a proportion of 4 kg per 1 cubic meter, water, leave for four days. During this time, the compost heats up, after which it must be dug up and chalk added to the mixture at the rate of 1 kg per 1 cubic meter, after which the substrate is moistened.

Re-digging is carried out after another four days, per 1 cubic meter. the mixture is added 4 kg of superphosphate and 10 kg of alabaster. The third digging is carried out after the same period of time, the same substances are added. After that, with a break of four days, four more digging operations are carried out without additives, for about 24-25 days, the substrate must be laid out in beds, ph of the soil should not deviate much from 7.5.

The resulting mixture must be laid out in beds, in bags or boxes, the depth of the compost is 20 cm, when grown in plastic bags, -4 0 cm. cm).

If this condition is not met, the mycelium may not germinate. It is necessary to make holes in the beds every 25 cm and a depth of 8 cm, pieces of mycelium three centimeters in size should be placed in them, compost and wet newspapers are placed on top.

With high humidity, the mycelium can be scattered over the garden, lighting can be minimal... To maintain the humidity of 85-90%, the floor must be watered periodically.

The first mushrooms appear after two weeks; something like a silvery web forms on the surface. After the appearance of the mushroom smell newspapers should be replaced with a special mixtureconsisting of peat and lime (crumbs) in proportions of 3: 1. The layer thickness should be 3-4 cm, light alkaline soil mixtures can also become a substitute for peat.

The mycelium is covered with moist soil, the temperature should be maintained at 14-17 degrees. After another 2-3 weeks, you should wait for the first harvest, after a break of 8-10 days, the mycelium begins to bear fruit again.

Harvesting should be at the stage when the film blanket is in the closed state. Re on the same spot mushrooms are not recommended to grow, the substrate is used as fertilizer.

Useful video about growing mushrooms:

Conclusion

With a competent approach, growing mushrooms in a greenhouse all year round is within the power of everyone, mushrooms are unpretentious and do not require special care, investments are practically zero. The process requires compliance with certain rules of agricultural technology, temperature and humidity must be maintained at an optimal level. The correct approach to the organization and use of the land will allow you to have year-round fresh mushrooms on the table.

One of the most popular and demanded areas in modern agriculture is growing mushrooms in greenhouses. Mushrooms are one of the largest sources of plant protein, fiber, carbohydrates, vitamin D, and magnesium. In addition, mushrooms are delicious and can be used to prepare a wide variety of dishes. The huge abundance of varieties and types of this wonderful product will not leave you indifferent. The only drawback of mushrooms is their seasonality, but greenhouse cultivation makes it possible to collect fresh and fragrant mushrooms all year round.

Learn how to grow champignons and oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse!

Features of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse, advantages

Mushrooms are absolutely unpretentious plants, so there are practically no problems with planting and growing them. It is important to competently:

• equip a greenhouse,
• determine the varieties of mushrooms that will grow in it,
• prepare the ground,
• adjust the temperature mode,
• and continue to carry out proper care.

A mushroom greenhouse does not differ at all from a vegetable one. If a vegetable greenhouse already exists on the site so that it is not empty in winter, it can be used as a mushroom greenhouse.

Remember! The main advantage of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse is their year-round availability, ease of maintenance, and frequent harvesting.

The process of growing mushrooms can be noted as particularly economical, since it does not require any additional costs in the form of fertilizers, agrochemistry and other additives such as vegetables or fruits. Labor costs are minimal, and special knowledge and skills in mushroom growing are not required.

Note! Depleted myceliums that no longer bear fruit are recommended to be used as an active fertilizer for both fruit and ornamental garden and indoor plants.

Greenhouse varieties

In a well-equipped greenhouse, you can grow almost any type of mushroom designed for this. The following mushrooms can be grown in a greenhouse:

• shiitake;

• champignons;

• oyster mushrooms;

• White mushrooms.

The most popular among greenhouse cultivation are champignons, oyster mushrooms and porcini mushrooms (which cannot be grown at home, although people try and get disappointed). These varieties are most in demand in the culinary and food market, so growing them can be turned into good business.

What should be a greenhouse for growing mushrooms

It is generally accepted that a separate greenhouse is needed for each type of mushroom.In principle, this is the case when it comes to large companies that grow this product for a wide market. But, if we are talking about small quantities, then the greenhouse can be universal for several types of mushrooms at once.

It is customary to grow mushrooms in the cold season from October to April, therefore, an ordinary greenhouse made from a film that has already been freed from vegetables is suitable for growing. It will also be an ideal option for breeding the most popular and delicious mushrooms - champignons. These mushrooms love light and warmth.

For oyster mushrooms, basements and cellars are suitable, of course, if they have a minimum level of lighting, sufficient temperature and humidity.

Now regarding the greenhouse itself for growing mushrooms. It is possible to grow cultivated species of mushrooms in a building from any materials (be it wood, plastic, film, block or others), if the following elements are present:

1. Heating system, the preferred water type. Thanks to this setting, the air in the greenhouse remains moist, which is important for the plants.
2. Tightness of the structure and good insulation... This is very important to maintain a constant microclimate in the greenhouse.
3. Availability of air conditioning or exhaust ventilation systems... Mushrooms are very fond of fresh air.
4. Unhindered access to water... The myceliums need to be moistened frequently and done by spraying water. If the greenhouse is huge, then it is worth equipping it with special spray systems. If it is small, then you can do it manually.
5. Protected from direct sunlight. To do this, it is enough to whitewash the roof of the greenhouse with lime or additionally stretch one more layer of a less transparent (matte) film.
6. Depending on the type of mushroom, equip racks for hanging nets with myceliums or racks to install containers.

In fact, these are all the key elements of the mushroom greenhouse equipment.

The heating system can be isolated as a separate item. As mentioned above, the heating system should be water-based, which is very easy to connect from the main heating of the house using a balancing valve. This equipment makes it possible to regulate the temperature within the required limits. The power of the heating equipment directly depends on the size (quadrature) of the greenhouse.

Lighting is another important aspect of greenhouse equipment. During the period when the sunny day is quite long, there are no problems with this, but in the cold season, the plants are sorely lacking in daylight, so there is a need for backlighting.

Daylight will be enough for growing oyster mushrooms even in winter. These mushrooms do not require light. A completely different situation with cultivation in a greenhouse champignons that need a lot of light... In large garden centers and specialized gardening shops, you can find the equipment necessary for greenhouses, in particular, lighting. As a rule, in mushroom greenhouses, fluorescent lamps with diffused lighting are used, since myceliums cannot tolerate direct exposure to light rays. Each lamp has its own trajectory, so their number is determined by the area of ​​the greenhouse.

Video: what should be a room for growing mushrooms

How to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse

Many people say that mushrooms are a very capricious material to grow, but this is not at all the case. The whole difficulty of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse lies in preparing the soil for growing, because for each variety it will be individual. And, of course, the variety itself plays an important role, which will be discussed below.

Features of growing champignons

A rich harvest of mushrooms in a greenhouse is 70% dependent on a properly prepared compost base and the quality of planting material.

Substrate preparation

Compost material for growing mushrooms in a greenhouse is prepared on the basis of straw and horse straw manure. Straw can be replaced with dry garden grass or tops of cultivated plants (corn, beets, squash). Grass or straw should not be rotten, only well dried!

To create compost for growing mushrooms you will need:

• straw / grass (10 kg);
• horse manure (5 kg). Pig, cow, or rabbit manure can also be used, but these are less fertile;
• urea (30 g);
• superphosphate (30 g);
• gypsum (300 g);
• water (30 l).

All of these ingredients must be mixed and left out in the open air. The compost will form within 10 days, after which it can be used to plant myceliums.

Video: preparing a substrate for growing mushrooms in a greenhouse

Landing

There are many ways to arrange mushrooms, depending on the design of the greenhouse and the placement of the shelves. The easiest way is to construct several long racks, cover them with oilcloth and distribute the compost evenly. The temperature in the greenhouse should not be lower than 30 ° C, since the temperature of the compost during planting should not be lower than 25 ° C. Once optimal conditions are reached, disembarkation can be carried out.

The mycelium (fungal spores) is spread evenly throughout the compost at a depth of 6 cm by stirring. After sowing, the surface is slightly compacted and covered with special paper.

Video: planting champignons

Care

The compost material is moistened, since a large amount of water is used during cooking, besides, straw makes it possible to retain moisture as long as possible, and paper creates a greenhouse effect. The optimum temperature inside the greenhouse is 25 ° C.

The first shoots in the form of a spider web, on which silver balls will be visible, will appear within 3 weeks after planting. Irrigation is carried out every 3 days. After germination, the temperature can be reduced by 8-10 degrees.

Harvesting

Already 16-20 days from the moment of planting, the first greenhouse harvest can be harvested. Champignons will give birth in floods, after the first harvest, it will take 5-10 days until the next. The entire harvesting period lasts up to 50 days.

Important! The compost that remains after the mushroom harvest cannot be reused as fertilizer or mixed with new compost. It is toxic and hazardous to health, mushrooms in such compost will grow poisonous.

Features of growing oyster mushrooms

Delicious and light oyster mushrooms grow on open and damp poles of trees infected with myceliums. The same principle is used in greenhouse cultivation, but it's a little more complicated.

Video: features and mistakes of growing oyster mushrooms

Soil preparation

You can use wooden blocks as a substrate., but their preparation takes a long time. It is necessary to carry out a huge amount of work (make several cracks and cracks, soak in an aqueous solution in order to achieve optimal wood moisture and temperature conditions). Infection of such a bar with mycelium occurs for a long time (3-4 months), but such soil bears fruit for a very long time and can be reused.

The most common way to grow oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse is to hang special bags infected with mycelium... To prepare such a bag you will need:

• woody tyrsa (10 kg);
• peat (1 kg);
• superphosphate (30 g);
• urea (30 g);
• water (3 l).

All ingredients must be thoroughly mixed and placed in a special bag that will serve. The compost takes 4-5 days to prepare. Its temperature should not be lower than 13 ° C.

Attention! After the last harvest of oyster mushrooms has been harvested, this substrate can be used as fertilizer for fruit trees. It is enough just to scatter it at the roots. Recycling compost is ineffective as the wood becomes rotten.

Landing

The mycelium must be evenly mixed together with the fertile soil, then put back in the bag and make several small holes in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 15 cm from each other. The hole provides oxygen access and it is in these holes that myceliums will form.

Care

At this stage, the air temperature should be at least 25 ° C, and the humidity 85% -90%. This stimulates the growth of fruiting bodies. After germination, which will appear within a week after sowing, the temperature is reduced to 10 ° C. Now it is important to avoid oversaturation of moisture, as young formed myceliums can freeze. Watering is carried out every 4 days.

Harvesting

Already 10-12 days after sowing, you can harvest, and then every 4 days. The fruiting period lasts 1.5-2 months on average.

If, however, wooden blocks were used as a fertile base, the fruiting period will be much longer, namely 3-4 months, which makes it possible to double the amount of oyster mushrooms harvested.

Video: stages of growing oyster mushrooms - from hay to the first mushrooms

Features of growing porcini mushrooms

The most difficult to grow in greenhouse conditions are porcini or boletus. Grow them at home impossible... Why? Read this article.

Note! The following is a theoretical instruction for growing porcini mushrooms in parallel universesince they are absolutely not suitable for unnatural cultivation.

Substrate preparation

Porcini mushrooms are forest plants, and, accordingly, the soil for their cultivation must imitate forest ones. It is best if the substrate is taken from a coniferous forest. It is enough just to dig out the top layer of dry leaves and collect woody soil. It is ideal for growing porcini mushrooms.

But you can also prepare the substrate yourself. This will require small branches of conifers, dry leaves, tree bark. All this must be crushed to a powder state in special garden grinders for branches and leaves. The resulting mass is mixed with clean sandy soil in proportions 1: 1. The soil is ready.

Landing

Directly planting a porcini mushroom for growing in a greenhouse is carried out according to certain rules. As planting material, you can use dried and wormy fruits collected in the forest.

Technology of planting porcini mushrooms in the greenhouse:

1. It is necessary to separate the legs from the caps and soak the latter in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 2-3 hours.
2. If the mushroom caps are too dry to stimulate the active release of spores, alcohol can be added to the water (one teaspoon per liter of water).
3. Next, you need to insist the caps in the water before planting.
4. Cut each cap into 4 pieces.
5. Boil water and dissolve granulated sugar in it at the rate of 1 tablespoon per 1 liter of water.
6. When the water has cooled to room temperature, soak the caps in it for 2 hours.
7. Each piece will serve as a mycelium, with which mushrooms will sprout in the future.

For planting, it is best to use plastic containers of 4-5 liters, in each of which 1-2 parts of the cap are planted. Disembarkation takes place from May to October.

Care

After planting, an optimum temperature of 23 ° C-25 ° C must be ensured. As soon as the first shoots appear, the temperature is reduced to 17 ° C. The air humidity should be 80-85% throughout the entire period of growth of porcini mushrooms in the greenhouse.

Harvesting

Boletus is a very capricious mushroom, and mycelium can begin to bear fruit only six months or a year after planting. After germination, in a week, you can collect large, full-fledged fruits. The mycelium is capable of bearing fruit up to 7-8 times. From one mycelium, you can collect from 2 to 4 kg of porcini mushrooms.

Based on all of the above, growing mushrooms in greenhouses is an absolutely simple task and does not require any special knowledge and skills.A competent and responsible approach to business is a guarantee of a good harvest. Perhaps the only unpleasant moment may be the financial part, since the equipment will have to be bought, because it will not be possible to make it on your own.

The cultivation process requires compliance with certain rules, namely: maintaining the temperature regime, illumination and systematic moisture. The process of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse does not provide for any additional actions. Thanks to the rational use of the summer cottage and the garden, you can not only pamper yourself with fresh mushrooms all year round, but also turn this business into a profitable business!

Many summer residents like to grow mushrooms in greenhouses, and this is not surprising if you look at the cost of oyster mushrooms or mushrooms. And if the summer is hot and not rainy, then there is a high probability that you will not be able to buy fresh mushrooms. We are not talking in this case about mushrooms filled with chemicals and grown artificially.

1. Which greenhouse is suitable for growing mushrooms?
2. How to grow oyster mushrooms in your greenhouse?
3. How to grow mushrooms in your greenhouse?

↑ Which greenhouse is suitable for growing mushrooms?

Before building a greenhouse, you need to decide in advance on the type of cultivated varieties of mushrooms. For example, for oyster mushrooms, an ordinary basement may be suitable, with an adjusted temperature regime and a certain humidity. And for growing well-known champignons, an ordinary greenhouse can be suitable.

Mushrooms are considered capricious during cultivation, so the matter must be approached responsibly and carefully. The main and necessary criteria for growing mushrooms are: moisture level, proper lighting, type of fertilizer and temperature regime.

↑ How to grow oyster mushrooms in your greenhouse?

Delicious and light oyster mushrooms are a great product to sell. This type of mushroom is most often used for salads, pickling and stewing. And if you go to any large supermarket, you will certainly notice oyster mushrooms in the most visible place, since this product is considered the most bought up among all types of mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms grown in your greenhouse can be sold both to neighbors and in any market, and if you convince them that they are environmentally friendly, then the mushrooms will be sold very quickly.

Oyster mushrooms thrive in greenhouses where vegetables are grown. At a time when the greenhouse is empty, you can plant blocks with mushrooms. As for growing at any time of the year, this can be done in combination with cucumbers, since they require the same climatic conditions for growth.

Preparation of mycelium.

We prepare wooden blocks infected with mycelium and place them in a prepared greenhouse. If you want to harvest before winter, you should start in November.

After placing the blocks in the greenhouse, sprinkle them with soil. After that, we take a layer of sawdust and sprinkle it with soil again. Burlap can also be used instead of sawdust. This entire procedure must be performed at a temperature of 13 to 15 degrees Celsius. Air humidity should be 90%.

After the mushrooms begin to grow actively, we lower the temperature in the greenhouse to +2 degrees. As we grow, we begin to increase the temperature regime.

If oyster mushrooms are grown in bags, they must be installed on a plastic wrap, close to each other, while leaving a distance between the rows of 50-60 centimeters.

If you are using bars for cultivation, place them 35 centimeters apart.

Oyster mushroom care in the greenhouse.

The main criterion for growing oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse is maintaining air humidity at a level of 80-85 percent. Spraying with water can be applied to create this moisture.

A mushroom greenhouse has enough natural light. Make sure only that direct sunlight does not fall on the mushrooms, and that the air does not overheat in the greenhouse.On hot days, the greenhouse can be covered with a net or doused with chalk solution.

The optimum temperature for the growth of oyster mushrooms is 25 degrees Celsius. Even in poorly heated greenhouses, this variety successfully germinates until the end of November, after which the blocks freeze and stop bearing fruit. In the spring, when the air temperature rises to 8 degrees Celsius, the blocks will begin to bear fruit again.

If the humidity in the greenhouse is quite low, you need to stop humidifying the water bags. Since if the temperature drops below 10 degrees, the oyster mushrooms will stop growing and the mushrooms will rot.

In general, oyster mushrooms need constant care and examination. For example, if you notice that the legs are lengthening, then the greenhouse needs to be ventilated.

The size of the oyster mushrooms depends on their care. At low temperatures in the greenhouse, they are longer, but grow slower, which leads to a low sales turnover. However, this type of mushroom is considered to be of the best quality.

↑ How to grow mushrooms in your greenhouse?

Growing mushrooms in greenhouses is becoming a very popular business activity, especially when it comes to growing mushrooms. The fact is that their cost is much higher than other types of mushrooms.

Moscow gardeners, taking advantage of the opportunity for mass marketing of products, have developed their own growing scheme, and are building special combined greenhouses. They provide electric, stove, gas heating. In such greenhouses, you can grow mushrooms from September to February. After the last crop has been harvested, they start growing early vegetables.

In general, everything is thought out and clearly according to the scheme. This is how real business should be.

Preparation of mycelium.

First, we buy mycelium and prepare compost from straw and horse manure. To prepare it, moisten the straw and add superphosvat or urea to it. This procedure is repeated for several days in a row. After the work done, the finished pile is placed on the manure, and covered with straw on top.

After four days, add gypsum, water and mix thoroughly. Stirring should be repeated periodically throughout the day.

The compost must mature, after which the mycelium can be planted in it.

How do you know if humus is ready?

The color of the manure turns dark brown, it acquires a fine-grained structure, it is possible that the grass will be visible and the absence of odor. These are four signs of finished humus.

After that, we compact the resulting mixture to 20 centimeters.

Now it's time to start planting mushrooms. Stagger them 30 centimeters apart. When all the mushrooms are planted, add manure to them and tamp them lightly.

After 15-20 days, as a rule, the mycelium takes root, and the soil is covered with earth to a thickness of 5 centimeters.

Compost.

When the temperature in the compost drops below +30 degrees Celsius, you can add mycelium to it. And after that we put the mixture into plastic bags, placing them throughout the greenhouse.

Wooden boxes.

If you plan to grow mushrooms in wooden crates, add 5 cm thick peat and pour water on top.

Care for mushrooms in the greenhouse.

During the growth of mushrooms, the temperature in the greenhouse should be 22-26 degrees Celsius. If the greenhouse temperature is more than 30 degrees, the mushrooms will die, if it is below 12 degrees, they will stop growing. Therefore, monitor the temperature carefully.

When a clear mushroom smell appears in the greenhouse, the temperature can be reduced to 15 degrees, this is the very optimal temperature.

Another important point is to monitor the moisture content of the substrate. It cannot be overmoistened and overdried. In case of proper mushroom care, the first harvest will be obtained in 14-17 days.

Increasingly, mushroom lovers are practicing the cultivation of oyster mushrooms, chanterelles and other mushrooms in their summer cottage or their own garden.

Many people want to know what is the cultivation of champignons in a greenhouse, because it creates the most suitable conditions for this mushroom. We will learn how to grow a champignon crop in greenhouse conditions in order to provide ourselves with fresh and canned mushrooms for the whole winter.

In which greenhouse to grow champignons

Champignons grow well in any greenhouse: covered with polyethylene, glazed, polycarbonate or specialized for mushrooms.

Required conditions for mushroom cultivation

Blackout

Champignon does not tolerate direct sunlight: the mycelium is damaged, the compost dries up.

To avoid loss of yield, paint over the glass from the inside with a clay mass, whiten it or cover it with black polyethylene.

You can cover the greenhouse with a protective camouflage net - it will not let the sun's rays through. The main thing is to leave free space between the greenhouse walls and the net, otherwise the myceliums will freeze.

Ventilation

In greenhouse cultivation of mushrooms, a natural or forced ventilation system is used.

Maintaining humidity and temperature

To maintain an optimal level of humidity and heat, you can dig a ditch (width - a meter, height - 0.5 meters) before installing the greenhouse and cover it with bricks or boards inside. After that we install a greenhouse on top and make ridges.

You can also maintain the temperature with gas or electric heating.

Growing mushrooms in a greenhouse

How to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse

How to prepare a substrate for mushrooms

For successful cultivation of champignon, you need a well-prepared compost. The potting mix is ​​usually made from dry horse manure with a low straw content or poultry, cow, rabbit or pig manure with straw, hay, or dry tops.

To form a substrate for mushrooms, do the following:

• We lay out a piece of polyethylene or roofing felts out of the blue.
• We prepare the components by taking gypsum (3 kg), any manure (half a centner), water (0.3-0.4 l), urea (300 g) and superphosphate (300 g) per centner of straw or hay.
• Soak straw (hay, dry tops) in water for 24 hours.
• We put manure and wet senzo in a pile layer by layer, starting with hay - as a result, we will get a seven-layer structure. Each time we moisten the straw layer with some water and season with superphosphate and urea.
• We mix the pile every 5 days (4 times in total). At the first stirring, add all the gypsum, then just moisten the compost with water. After mixing the ridge four times, we leave it for three days to ripen.

As a rule, 300 kg of mushroom soil is obtained from a centner of hay (straw). The finished mixture does not smell of ammonia, it becomes homogeneous, fine-grained and dark brown, when pressed, it quickly restores its shape and does not stick to hands.

Take a handful of compost and squeeze: if water droplets appear, the soil is sufficiently moist.

How to plant mushroom mycelium

Planting mushroom mycelium in a greenhouse is carried out using the following technology:

• We put the prepared soil in greenhouse beds, bags or other containers. The compost temperature should be around 22 degrees. At high temperatures, the mushroom mycelium will die.
• In order not to infect the planting material with pathogenic microbes, we wash our hands with laundry soap or wear clean rubber (latex) gloves.
• We plant pieces (2-3 cm3) of mycelium according to a checkerboard pattern, 30 cm from each other.

Sprinkle the planted mycelium with compost and tamp it a little.

How to care for mushrooms in a greenhouse

Planting material for growing mushrooms in a greenhouse will take root in the ridge for about 20 days: at this time, it needs as much fresh air as possible.

How to care for mushrooms in a greenhouse

After the appearance of white "cobwebs" and "nests", we take care of the mushrooms as follows:

• We fall asleep the hatched mushrooms with a five centimeter layer of earth.Instead, you can mix dolomite chips (1 part) and peat (3 parts).
• Water the plantings from a fine sprayer and stop saturating the greenhouse with fresh air, otherwise the mushrooms will grow inside the compost, and not on top of it.
• We maintain a temperature regime of about 15 ° and do not allow sudden changes in temperature.
• After 7 days, we begin to supply fresh air again, and provide an 80-85% humidity level.

After another ten days, the first full-fledged mushrooms will appear on the beds.

When and how to pick mushrooms in the greenhouse

We collect the mushroom harvest before the film detaches from the legs: such mushrooms are stored for a long time without losing their properties and smell.

When and how to pick mushrooms in the greenhouse

Fruiting in a champignon is wave-like: within 45 days, from 5 to 7 harvests grow. The largest "catch" falls on the first wave, then there are fewer mushrooms, but after 10 days the volumes increase again.

We collect mushrooms by twisting, holding the mushrooms by the legs and pressing a little on them, otherwise we will damage the mycelium. Sprinkle the pits formed after removing the mushrooms a little with earth.

As you can see, growing mushrooms in a greenhouse is within the power of any novice mushroom picker, the main thing is to prepare the right compost and create conditions for growth.

Last tip: do not use the garden bed after grown mushrooms for re-planting - it can become a source of infection of new myceliums with pathogenic microbes. It is better to use mushroom compost when growing horticultural crops.