How to grow violets at home with seeds?

Violet, or as it is called saintpaulia, can be found, perhaps, in the green corner of any housewife. This houseplant looks aesthetically pleasing, and its small inflorescences will decorate your kitchen or bedroom, bringing a share of comfort to your home. Knowing how to grow a violet from seeds, you can plant a whole violet flower garden in your house. There are many shades of this plant, and the flowers themselves in texture and shape may differ: many years of work of breeders affect. Explain to yourself the basic points on growing this specimen - and go to the barricades!

Choosing seeds for growing

The first thing you need to do is choose quality violet seeds. Some novice growers do not pay due attention to this stage and remain unhappy with the results. It is best to buy seed material for further cultivation not on the spontaneous market, but at a flower exhibition or from experienced gardeners-collectors.

In this case, you will not have to worry about the future plant, and you will receive high-quality seed that is not infected with diseases or pests. After all, it is less likely that you will simply be sold another variety of seeds.

The correct soil and pot

Growing violets from seeds will be truly effective if you approach each of the preparatory stages with all seriousness. Pay special attention to the process of selecting a potting mix, as well as a flower pot. As a rule, the most favorable conditions for the growth of Saintpaulia can be created if it grows on light sandy loam soils.

Many people prefer to buy ready-made substrate in flower shops, and this is a good choice, since such soil is already saturated with all the necessary vitamins and minerals. However, if you wish or lack financial resources, you can prepare potting soil at home. To do this, you will need leafy soil, peat, and sand. It is immediately recommended to feed the resulting composition. Use humus, perlite, or chopped sphagnum. You can safely plant violet seeds in such a substrate.

Growing indoor violets is not a particularly laborious process. But some requirements are still worth fulfilling if you want to get one hundred percent result. For example, it is very important to find a comfortable pot. Don't buy large flowerpots. The root system of Saintpaulia is miniature. If you plant this flower in a spacious pot, it will not be able to develop.

For those who plan to start germinating a plant from seeds, it is generally recommended to use not pots for the first time, but small plastic cups, containers or even medicine bottles. Choose the optimal container for planting room violet seeds, and after a while you will be able to evaluate the result.

Planting violet seeds

Growing violets from seeds at home is not difficult. The main thing is to listen to the advice of experts and complete all actions in stages. Planting seeds of Saintpaulia is carried out in the following order:

first, sift the top layer of the soil mixture through a sieve and fill the containers prepared in advance with soil;
the land should be watered with a fungicidal agent immediately before planting;
let the substrate dry a little. Only after that, make small grooves in the ground, where you will need to sow the seeds of Saintpaulia;
then we plant the grain material, fill the seeds with a small layer of earth on top. Take an ordinary sieve, with its help it will be much easier and more convenient to do this;
be sure to water the soil after planting.

Even a beginner will be able to grow violets from seed material. No special skills are needed here, the main thing is to know what this process consists of, at least in theory.

Necessary conditions for growing seedlings

So that the violet seeds can germinate soon, after sowing, it is advisable to cover the container with a lid or paper, and then put it in a shaded place. Do not leave the planted seed pot on a windowsill or anywhere else that gets too much direct sunlight.

You should not forget about Saintpaulia: control the temperature regime, as well as the level of moisture in the soil. In no case should the soil dry out, and the temperature should not drop below 20 degrees. Create an optimal microclimate for seedlings, and seedlings will appear pretty soon.

Further care of seedlings

It is necessary to grow homemade violets taking into account basic recommendations. First of all, you should provide optimal lighting in the room. Saintpaulia does not like too bright light, so direct sunlight is not the best solution for growing this flower. As for the temperature, it is desirable that it does not exceed the mark of 16-18 degrees.

Special attention should be paid to watering Saintpaulia. Moistening the soil is a must, and it should be regular. Indoor violet reacts rather badly to a long absence of water in the ground. Try to make sure that the top layer of the soil does not dry out in any way. It is recommended to use warm water for irrigation of the substrate. If desired, water the soil with rainfall, but be prepared for the fact that they may contain acids harmful to plants.

As for pests, this houseplant is occasionally exposed to their invasion. This happens if you have provided illiterate flower care. When the room is constantly hot, the air dries up, and the plant receives little moisture, red spider mites can start in the substrate.

Is it possible to deal with them at home? Undoubtedly. The sooner you spot a threat, the better. Buy effective insecticides and treat the plant. This way you can get rid of the parasites in no time. Take care of your room violet and it will look amazing on the windowsill!

Video "Growing fillets from seeds"

In this video, you will learn how to grow your favorite plant from seeds.

It is quite difficult to grow violets from seeds at home, since you need to not only monitor the germination process constantly, but also always maintain the optimal temperature, regularly water and fertilize the crop, carry out pruning and other procedures. This plant is also known as the Uzambar violet, and if all the rules of cultivation are observed, it can become an adult and bloom beautifully.

It is quite difficult to grow violets from seeds at home, since you need to not only monitor the germination process constantly, but also always maintain the optimal temperature, regularly water and fertilize the crop, pruning and other procedures. This plant is also known as the Uzambar violet, and if all the rules of cultivation are observed, it can become an adult and bloom beautifully.

Main varieties

Violets are distinguished by the following features:

1Sizes of outlets: micromini (up to 6 cm), mini M (10-15 cm), midi (15-20 cm), standard (20-40 cm) and large (from 40-60 cm in diameter).Separate varieties are ampelous or trailer indoor flowers.
2 Inflorescences. The types are classic, star-shaped, bell-shaped, in the form of a wasp or a spider. Petals are semi-double, double and simple. In hybrid varieties, they can be pointed, rounded, corrugated, even and torn along the edges. By color, they are divided into monochromatic, two-tone and multi-tone.
3 Leaves, or rather their type and color. They can be oval, round, kidney-shaped and elongated. Foliage edges are solid, corrugated, serrated or wavy. They are usually olive, dark brown, green, or grayish.

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At home, you can breed the following varieties:

1Caprice. Inflorescences are white, terry. The fringe on them is greenish. The foliage is very variegated. They have a wavy structure.
2Macho. The flower is purple, but the edges are white. Terry petals. Leaves are simple in shape and green.
3Your Majesty. It is a pink Saintpaulia with double petals that have wavy edges. The foliage is bright green.
4Sea Wolf. A very large blue flower with a net pattern on its petals. The leaves are dark.
5Water. The inflorescence itself is blue, but turns into pink, and then a bronze-green hue. Leaves are light colors.
6Frill. Dark blue inflorescence. At the edges there are ruffles of a light green shade. The leaves are also wavy.
7 Tomahawk. This violet has a bright red hue. Blooms profusely. The leaves are dark green.
8Max Black Pearl. Violet black with a purple tint. Velvet petals. The foliage is small. The plant is very compact.
9Mysteries of Paris. The inflorescence has a dark black-lilac shade and a purple-red pattern. There are whitish ruffles. The foliage is variegated.

There are other names for both the home violet itself and for individual varieties. Now there are varieties such as Frozen, Green Lace, Irish Cream and others, which are distinguished by their greenery. New varieties have also appeared with pure yellow petals or with a pattern of this color on them - these are Lemon Kissies, Sunkist Rose and Worm Sunrise.

Seed propagation

Saintpaulia can be propagated by seed, but this method is very complicated. It is imperative to choose the right seed. This is the guarantee of successful germination. It is better to purchase seed in specialty stores, collectors or at flower fairs and exhibitions. In such places, the likelihood of getting a re-grading, an infected or diseased plant is much lower.

It is imperative to check the parent plant - it must be strong and healthy, with the correct color of elastic foliage, without spots. The parental couple is chosen depending on the result that they want to get in the future. The rosette should be symmetrical and the flowering should be abundant.

After purchase, you need to prepare all the tools. You will need a small knife. A razor blade or scalpel will work. You also need a magnifying glass, a glass plate and a pollen collection tube. Additionally - tweezers and a table lamp.

First you need to collect the pollen: cut off the ripe anther, put it on a glass plate (you can replace it with a sheet of paper). Then open the box with a thin needle and pour out all the pollen from there. If it is ripe, it spills out easily, has a light yellow color. It is necessary to transfer the pollen to the stigma of the pistil with a brush or cotton swab. You can do it in another way: very carefully dip the stigma itself into the pollen. The procedure is supposed to be repeated 4 times. The temperature should be + 22 ... + 250 C. Each time you need to check whether the pollen is fixed on the stigma. To do this, use a magnifying glass. It is better to pollinate not one flower at once, but several. This increases the likelihood of getting ripe seed boxes.

The seed boxes will appear in a month.After that, you need to dry them thoroughly - you will have to wait about 4 months. During this time, they will become solid. Then you need to collect the boxes and place them in a warm, dry place.

Landing

When seed propagation is used, after receiving the seed, you can proceed directly to the main part of the work. Landing takes place from January to March. The seeds themselves are very small, so they do not need to be sprinkled with soil.

It is important to choose the right soil. It should be a special mixture of vermiculite, peat and perlite. Sprinkle seeds on top of the ground, spray with water and cover the container with glass or plastic wrap. Then place the container in a warm and bright place, which is protected from direct sunlight. There should be no drafts either.

As the soil dries up, it is recommended to water it with boiled cooled water. Distilled is also suitable. It should be 2-30 C warmer than the room temperature. Do not allow the soil to dry out.

The first shoots will appear in 2-3 weeks. Sometimes they appear on the tenth day. A transplant is required when the seedlings grow up and the first pair of true leaves appear on them. Then a pick is carried out, thanks to which they will grow without interfering with each other. The root system of the sprouts is still quite fragile, so they need to be removed from the substrate after watering.

It is important to choose the right flower pot. It should be small, as the roots will not take up much space. Abundant flowering occurs only after the root system takes up all the space in the container. For young crops, a pot with a diameter of 5 cm is enough, and for older crops, a pot with a diameter of 10 cm is required. Only for the largest specimens, you need to choose those containers that are 15 cm in diameter.Calculation of the size of the dishes is very simple. Its diameter should be 3 times smaller than the diameter of the outlet itself. It is better to choose plastic containers for Saintpaulia.

As for the soil, viola (this is another name) prefers a certain composition. It can be purchased at the flower shop. But such a composition does not always suit violets - it already depends on the varieties. You can choose the universal soil "Terravita". A self-made substrate is also perfect: you need to mix one part of humus and sand, add two parts of leafy soil and half of a sod soil. It is allowed to add a spoonful of superphosphate and half a cup of bone meal to a bucket of this composition. Mix everything thoroughly. The substrate should be loose and absorb moisture quickly.

Be sure to place drainage on the bottom of the pot. It can be expanded clay, broken brick, gravel, pebbles, etc. The layer should be 2 cm thick. On top of the drain, you can put a small piece of charcoal.

Care rules

Growing a violet at home is difficult, since you need to monitor compliance with all conditions. These plants love lighting, but not direct sunlight. Better to put them on a windowsill from the northwest, northeast or north side. A flower should receive light for at least 13 hours per day. In winter, it is recommended to make additional lighting using a phytolamp or a conventional fluorescent lamp.

Saintpaulias stop developing when the temperature drops below +150 C. The optimal indicator is + 18 ... + 240 C. Drafts, sharp hypothermia should not be allowed. Air humidity is an important parameter. The level should be increased, but moisture should not get on the foliage and inflorescences. It is better to put a container filled with water next to the pot.

Watering should be done with the lower method. It is necessary every 1-1.5 weeks to top up the settled warm water in a deep and wide bowl, and then immerse the pot of senpolia there. The water should almost reach the edges of the container with the soil, but not overflow.When the top layers of the soil get wet, you need to take out the pot and wait until excess water drains from it. This method is considered optimal. But you should not resort to top watering often, as this leads to decay of the root system. The procedure is carried out only when the soil dries out (usually because of this, the leaves begin to fall).

Caring for Saintpaulia also involves the use of fertilizers. You need to start feeding at the growing season. It is necessary to apply fertilizers every 1-1.5 weeks until the plant begins a dormant period. It is better to use liquid complex formulations. They need to be added to the water for irrigation. You can also replace the substrate annually, you can use the same pot.

Pruning is an important procedure as this will help form a beautiful rosette. The bush should have three levels of leaves. All others, which are located on the stem below, are allowed to simply cut off, especially if they look pale and lifeless. Gradually, the lower part of the stem becomes longer, due to which the violet loses its decorative effect.

In this case, two methods will help:

1Transplant the violet by burying its stem into the ground.
2 Cut off the rosette, leaving only 2 cm of the stem at the bottom. Then put it in a container with water and wait until new roots are formed. This is a kind of plant rejuvenation.

Despite the fact that you should not allow water to get on the petals and leaves, there are still exceptions to this rule. A shower will be needed when a lot of dust collects on the leaves.

Diseases and pests

The violet can suffer from diseases:

1 Powdery mildew. A whitish bloom appears on the leaves. The reason is the fungus, which is activated due to high humidity, excess nitrogen, low temperatures. The plant must be treated with Fundazole. Repeat the procedure after 10 days.
2 Phytophthorosis. Also associated with the activity of the fungus. The root system begins to rot, and brown spots appear on the leaves. The disease develops due to improper care. The diseased flower must be destroyed, and the pot must be sterilized. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to use superphosphate.
3Botritis or gray rot. This disease is characterized by the appearance of a grayish-brown bloom on the ground part of the violet. Gray rot develops rapidly. All damaged areas must be trimmed and destroyed. Then treat the plant with a fungicidal solution.
4 Fusarium. The petioles begin to turn brown, the leaves wither, the roots darken. Gradually the whole plant rots completely. If the disease has just begun to develop, then the damaged areas need to be cut off and the plant treated with a fungicide. If the violet is completely affected by fusarium, then it must be destroyed.
5 Rust. On the leaves, tubercles appear orange, and then brown. It is recommended to use Bordeaux liquid.

As for pests, the most dangerous for violets are ticks, thrips, scale insects, nematodes, worms, aphids, flies, wood lice, whiteflies and podura. It is recommended to use an insecticidal agent, and in the case of mites, acaricides.

For novice florists, it will be interesting to propagate violets by seeds. This procedure is lengthy and rather complicated, but very exciting, as you can watch how beautiful bushes appear from small seeds. Each breeder always carries out such procedures in order to obtain new varieties.

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Amazingly beautiful delicate inflorescences of violets are a real decoration of alpine slides, flower beds, balconies and loggias. But there is a variety of these plants that are grown at home. And their scientific name is "Saintpaulia".

Despite the fact that indoor violets are unpretentious plants, for some reason they do not take root in some novice flower growers. There may be several reasons for this, and all of them, as a rule, are associated with violations of the requirements for caring for Saintpaulias.

Variety of violets

The home violet is a relative of the garden. Therefore, their "claims" are practically the same. But you should still make an estimate for the growing conditions, because artificially created ones cannot fully reproduce the natural habitat for these flowers.

Therefore, in the apartments you can see mostly hybrid varieties of violets, which are grown to adapt to the home climate. In the variety of species, there are varieties that differ not only in size and colors (monochromatic or buzzing with a large range of colors), but also different in the shape of petals and inflorescences.

Along with traditionally developing bushes, ampel varieties are also found among domestic violets. But on branched stems, smoothly "flowing" down, inflorescences are much smaller.

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Habitat

When you are going to have a room violet, try to create conditions close to natural for it. First of all, the comfort of Saintpaulia depends on the habitat, or rather, on the soil in which it will grow.

The soil for violets should be sufficiently nutritious and have a loose structure. Great importance is attached here to the proportional ratio of the components included in the substrate. Take leafy soil (black soil) as a basis - it should be in 5 parts. 3 parts of the substrate is peat and 1 part is sand. As additional components - sphagnum moss and charcoal.

Drainage also plays an important role here, so do not forget to put expanded clay balls or river pebbles on the bottom of the flower pot. This will prevent stagnation of water in the soil. Otherwise, excess fluid will provoke root rot.

When choosing a flower pot, you should take into account the characteristics of the plant itself. The roots of the violet do not grow into the depths, but "spread" to the sides, being located in the upper layer of the soil. So the container should not be chosen deep, but rather spacious in width. The following dimensions of a flower pot are considered optimal for growing home violets: depth within 6 - 9 cm, width - at least 4 cm.

Violet care

Calling a violet capricious, flower growers thus justify their either ignorance of the rules for caring for indoor plants, or inattention to pets. If, however, strictly observe the modes of cultivation of flowers on the windowsills, then Saintpaulia will bestow colorful splendor. And the violet can bloom throughout the year.

Having studied the rules of caring for indoor plants, you will understand that even a lazy person can cope with the "character" of violets.

Temperature conditions. Violets do not need a hot temperature. Therefore, the room should be kept constant in the range from 20 to 24C in summer and 18 to 20C in winter. A lack of oxygen can kill the plant. Therefore, the room should be regularly ventilated. And for this period, the violet will have to be taken to another room.
Illumination. Violet loves to "bathe" in the sun. But direct light exposure to the plant should, nevertheless, be avoided in order to prevent burns. Blinds on the windows will provide good dispersion of direct sunlight.For abundant flowering in winter, it will be necessary to artificially extend the daylight hours (the total duration of lighting should be at least 12 hours).
Irrigation regime. Violet loves to "drink", but it is impossible to overmoisten the soil - regulate watering. Its frequency should not exceed 2 times a week at any time of the year. But the indicator for the next watering should be the degree of moisture of the soil substrate. The best option would be irrigation through a pallet - lay expanded clay or peat on it.
Air humidity. Avoid dry air in the room where the violet grows. But there should be no excessive moisture, so that it does not "fall" with dew on the plants. In this situation, watering the flowers will have to be reduced. Try not to refresh the violet with sprays (especially during the flowering period) - it will start to hurt.
Top dressing. Saintpaulia needs to be “fed” only with fertilizers specially developed for violets. The feeding scheme depends on the season: in autumn and spring, mineral fertilizers are applied once a month; in winter - organics 1 time per season; in the summer they look at the state of the flower.

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Reproduction of violets

As the violet grows, it is transplanted into larger containers. The best period for this is spring (March or April). At the same time, flower propagation is also carried out. Saintpaulia can be bred in several ways.

Stealing. In an adult plant, stepchildren are carefully cut off with a scalpel, on which at least 3 leaves have formed. The stepson can be planted directly into the soil, the composition of which was described above. Or first in a peat tablet, and when the stepson takes root, transplant it into the ground.
Child sockets. The violet develops in inflorescences. And the more of them in one pot, the more difficult it is for the plant to develop. When daughter outlets are formed, they should be cut off from the mother plant and planted in separate pots.
Cuttings. Vegetative propagation of violets is the most popular, and the method of cuttings is the simplest. But only the leaves located in the second row of the plant should be cut off. Propagation by cuttings can be done in 2 ways: by planting directly into an earthen substrate, or by pre-rooting the leaf in a solution of activated carbon.

Breeding features

Whichever method of reproduction is chosen, cutting off parts of the plant is carried out with extreme caution.

The cut points must be sprinkled with activated carbon powder (crush the tablet). This will prevent the violet from being attacked by germs.

In order for the rooting of the planting material to take place faster, it is necessary to create greenhouse conditions. Cover the container with a plastic bag or piece of glass and soak in this way for several days. But do not forget to ventilate daily so that young sprouts do not rot.

Video: secrets of caring for capricious violets

Violet (saintpaulia, viola) is a small, amazing warm flower. It ranks first among indoor plants. Violets differ in shape and pattern, they have a huge range of colors and many shades - from white to dark blue. There are several tens of thousands of varieties of violets, and they are all different: terry and simple, multicolored and monochromatic, with lace frills. For each variety - a lot of work of breeders.

In nature, Saintpaulia grows in South and Central Africa and has about 20 species... And more than 2 thousand varieties and hybrids were raised by breeders. Violets bloom 9 months a year.

The most popular of all saintpaulias is the horned violet. Perhaps there is not a single person who does not know this beautiful and delicate flower. She has a lot of other names: "Pansies", "viola", "field brothers", "brother and sister", "moths".

The colors and hybrids of the horned violet are different; even black flowers with bright specks are found in nature. Every florist wants to have such flowers in his collection.And therefore they should be properly planted. These flowers are unpretentious and rather quickly begin to delight the owner's eye with their excellent flowering.

Popular varieties of horned violets

viola tricolor (Pansies) - a tricolor flower, height no more than 20 cm, can grow in the wild, blooms all season;
viola Vitroka - a garden plant, height 40 cm and more, the color of flowers is the most diverse - up to black;
horned viola - lilac or purple flowers, when flowering forms a thick carpet, blooms from early spring until the first frost;
viola Altai - blooms very beautifully twice a season;
fragrant viola - beekeepers love it very much, as it has an unusual aroma that attracts bees. It is used in perfumery for the production of essential oils;
viola Sororia - one of the first to bloom, already in May you can admire its flowering;
viola yellow is a very unpretentious plant, grows under any conditions, blooms with bright yellow flowers. Even a novice florist can grow it.

Horned violet from seeds

How to grow a violet from seeds? This question is asked by any florist who wants to plant these beautiful flowers in his garden. It is easy to grow it from seeds, as well as by cuttings. The only drawback with such reproduction is you need to wait for flowering a little longer, but it will be more resistant to various diseases and the seedlings will be quite strong.

Experts suggest growing this flower in special peat tablets, as they have all the necessary nutrients and retain a certain moisture content.

Growing violets in a peat tablet

The required number of tablets should be prepared - how many seeds are prepared. Dip the tablet in warm water, give it time to swell. After that, put a seed on the tablet and cover it with a little earth, if planting is done in open ground.

At home, place tablets with seeds in cups or boxes, cover with foil on top to create a greenhouse effect.

Growing horned violets from seeds

Typically, seeds are planted according to the following scheme:

Seeds are harvested in late August and planted in late January and early February. When the plant fades, bolls form in place of flowers, then they begin to dry out. You should collect the seeds before the pods are open, otherwise all the seeds will end up on the ground. The first sign of seed ripening is that the seed pod is turning upside down.
After the boxes have been collected, the seeds are taken out of them and dried. Store in the refrigerator. The time for planting seeds may differ, it all depends on the flowering period of the violet. If the grower needs them to bloom in May, then the seeds must be sown no later than February.
Sprinkle the seeds on top with light soil, sand or peat.
When three true leaves appear, the flowers dive at a distance of 20x20 cm.
At the end of summer, young violets are planted in the ground so that they bloom profusely in the spring.
To grow a perennial horned violet, the seeds should be sown immediately after harvest in previously prepared flower beds. After sowing, the soil is abundantly watered with a diffuser.

Violet room

Each housewife has indoor plants on the windowsill in an apartment or house. And most have a violet. There are a huge number of varieties of home violets. They are love good care, otherwise they may die.

This flower grows well in natural light, but cannot stand direct sunlight. The violet grows best on the north window. If this is not possible, then the flower should be protected from direct sunlight, for example, cover the glass with tulle. It is the tulle that will create the necessary lighting for her.

Date of publication:Growing