The best cherry variety

Let's talk about cherries and describe the best varieties of it. There are sweet, slightly sour, crispy, soft, different colors. Thanks to selection, every year new forms of this amazing tree are bred.

Cherry varieties: description and photo

To get a bountiful harvest, it is necessary to choose varieties taking into account the peculiarities of the climate in a particular region. So, frost-resistant varieties are suitable for central Russia, and more thermophilic plants can be grown in Ukraine.

Unlike cherry, sweet cherry ripens much earlier, its tasty and aromatic fruits can already be enjoyed in early summer - June. It is a real source of useful trace elements (iron, iodine, potassium, magnesium, calcium) The fruits of the plant grow in the form of a single-celled drupe with a juicy pericarp.

Considering the late period of emergence of cherry fruit buds from the state of forced dormancy, the yield of this crop is characterized as stable. Another advantage of cherries is the presence of reliable protection from return frost in anthers and pistils, which is not the case with cherries.

The leaves of the fruit crop are very large in size, they are distinguished by an elongated-oval or elongated-obovate shape and brown glands on the petioles.

Most of the cherry varieties require additional pollination. Therefore, when choosing a tree, it is recommended to study its description, which indicates the necessary pollinators.

It is not so often possible to find self-fertile varieties on the market. They can be purchased by order from abroad. Among the popular hybrid forms, there are: Alex, Peter, Stella, Sandor, Sweet Hart.

Below is a list of the most popular cherry varieties with descriptions and photos.

Iput

PROS:

• Average height
• Early ripening of fruits
• High yield (up to 30 kg of berries are removed from one tree)
• High palatability (fruits have black color and dark red juicy pulp)
• The berry is removed with the stalk
• The crop is not afraid of transportation
• High degree of resistance to fungal infections
• It tolerates low temperatures well (up to -28 degrees)

MINUSES:

• Average early maturity (yields a harvest 5 years after planting)
• With an excess of moisture, the fruits crack
• The pulp is difficult to separate from the bone

According to reviews:

It is recommended to plant it in pairs together with Revna, since these varieties are inter-pollinated. It turned out to be very tasty, large, the first harvest is already 3 years old. It grows quickly, almost one meter increments per year. turned out to be not dark red, but just red, maybe because of the lack of the sun.

Valery Chkalov

PROS:

• Early ripening of berries
• Large fruit size (weight up to 6-8 g)
• High taste characteristics of fruits (the pulp is dark red in color, juicy, semi-gristly consistency)
• Dessert type
• Universal use of berries
• High level of productivity (62 kg per tree on average)
• High level of frost resistance (-23.5 degrees

MINUSES:

• Height (up to 5 m)
• Wet separation of the berry from the stalk, juice is released
• The level of early maturity is medium (yields a harvest for 5 years)
• Self-infertile variety
• Average level of resistance to diseases, including fungal

Pollinators: Dnieper, Bigarro Burlat, April, June early Skorospelka

Jealous

PROS:

• Medium-sized tree, compact
• The crown has no sharp forks
• Unpretentious in care
• Fruits are distinguished by high taste and consumer qualities.
• Due to the dense skin, the crop is transportable over long distances
• High level of frost resistance (up to -30 degrees)
• High resistance to frost crack, sunburn
• Resistance of the tree to fungal infections

MINUSES:

• Medium late harvest ripening
• Self-infertility

Its best pollinators: Raditsy, Compact, Iput, Venyaminova, Tyutchevka, Ovstuzhenki

Large-fruited

PROS:

• Medium-sized tree
• Fruits are very large in size, their weight is up to 18 g
• Sweet and sour taste, dark red fruit color, medium density pulp
• High product characteristics
• Increased frost resistance
• Dry detachment of the peduncle
• Good transportability
• Not susceptible to moniliosis
• Drought tolerance, no loss of crop flavor

MINUSES:

• Late ripening
• Self-sterile

Top pollinators: Bugaro Oratovsky, Surprise, Francis,

Vasilisa

PROS:

• Mid-season
• Very large berries, weighing up to 15 g
• Taste and commercial qualities are excellent (the fruits have a rich red color, glossy shine, the pulp is dense, fleshy, juicy)
• Tasting score 4.5 points
• Duration of fruiting 20 years

MINUSES:

• Berries with heavy precipitation are subject to shedding
• Requires additional pollination
• Low resistance to fungal diseases and garden pests

Top pollinators: Early ripening, Burlat, April, Household, Early Bigarro

Ovstuzhenka

PROS:

• Early ripening of the crop
• It does not require special care
• Medium-sized tree, with a rapid growth rate
• Large berries, weight up to 7 g
• The pulp is sweet enough, juicy
• The color of the berries is dark burgundy
• Product and taste characteristics are high
• Disease resistance is good
• High frost resistance

MINUSES:

• Average yield, on average 15 kg per tree

Regina

PROS:

• Late-ripening variety
• The size of the tree is medium, the growth is gradual
• Does not create difficulties in care and harvesting
• High indicator of presentation and taste
• Berries are not afraid of transportation
• The structure of the berries is firm, the pulp is tasty and aromatic
• The size of the fruits is large, their weight reaches 10 g
• The level of frost resistance is sufficient
• Disease resistance to garden pests is excellent

MINUSES:

• Low rate of resistance to viral diseases
• Requires additional pollination

Pollinators: Karina, Bianca, Sylvia, Nephris, Coral Lotivka

Bull heart

PROS:

• Large-fruited, average berry size 8 g
• The color of the fruit is dark burgundy, the pulp is of medium density, the skin is moderately dense with a smooth surface
• Type of separation from the stalk dry
• Universal purpose of fruits
• High degree of productivity
• The size of the tree is medium, but there are also tall plants.
• The degree of frost resistance is good, up to - 25 degrees
• Not susceptible to coccomycosis

MINUSES:

• Low transport rate despite dense skin
• Berries have a short shelf life, processing is required as soon as possible
• Self-infertile variety

Top pollinators: Tyutchevka, Iput, Ovstuzhenka

Yellow

PROS:

• Late ripening of berries
• Increased winter hardiness
• Excellent taste (the pulp is amber, dense structure, juiciness and pronounced aroma)

MINUSES:

• The degree of transportability is low
• The pulp does not separate well from the bone
• Additional pollination required
• Exposed to the invasion of the cherry fly

Pollinators: Bagration, Napoleon pink. Denissena yellow, Cassini early

Early pink

PROS:

• Early ripeness of fruits
• Taste characteristics are high (the pulp is distinguished by a creamy color, the structure is medium-dense, the juice is transparent)
• High resistance to low temperatures
• A fairly good level of resistance to monoliosis, coccomycosis
• Dessert type of berries
• High yield rate, up to 40 kg per tree on average

MINUSES:

• Berries are medium in size, their weight reaches an average of 5 g
• Trees grow up to 5 m
• Low rate of crop transportability
• Poor keeping quality of berries, processing is required in a short time after full ripening

Fatezh

PROS:

• Large-fruited, their average weight is 4.5 g, maximum 6 g
• Fruit tasting score 4.7 points
• The pulp separates easily from the bone
• Fruiting begins at 3-4 years of life of the tree
• The yield indicator reaches 50 kg per tree per season
• The level of winter hardiness is high -30 degrees
• Not susceptible to fungal infections, coccomycosis, moniliosis
• Berries are not afraid of long distance transportation

MINUSES:

• Additional pollination required

Recommended pollinators: Chermashnaya, Iput, Revna, Crimean, Raditsa.

Leningrad black

PROS:

• The variety is medium-sized, the crown is spreading
• The first crop can be harvested in the third year after planting in a permanent place, in June
• Tasting assessment of the harvest 4.2 points
• The taste and market characteristics are high (the average weight of berries is 5 g, the color is dark burgundy, the pulp is sweet, juicy, there is a slight bitterness)
• The purpose of the fruit is universal, excellent for fresh consumption, and for compotes, jam
• High rate of resistance to garden pests and various diseases
• The variety is unpretentious in care
• The increased degree of frost resistance, withstands low temperatures up to -30 degrees

MINUSES:

• Self-fertile variety
• Additional pollination required

Pollinators required: Leningrad yellow, Leningrad pink, Red dense, Fatezh Berries are prone to cracking, with excessive moisture.

Dybera black

PROS:

• High level of productivity, most often up to 90 kg of tasty and aromatic berries are removed from trees, but under favorable conditions, 170 kg of harvest can be removed from one tree
• Fruits are large in size, their average weight is 6 g
• The pulp is of medium density, juiciness, dark burgundy color, there is a slight sourness
• The frost resistance index is quite high, up to -30 degrees

MINUSES:

• Poor resistance to negative temperatures
• Mature trees reach a height of almost 6 m, which makes them difficult to care for and harvest
• The tree begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting in a permanent place
• Requires additional pollination
• Insufficient immunity to various types of diseases, including fungal, to garden pests
• Regular pruning of the crown is required

Recommended pollinators: Drogana yellow, Bull heart, Napoleon pink, Fatezh,

Cordia

PROS:

• "Queen" of late varieties
• Universal fruits
• Taste and commercial characteristics are high
• Berries are large enough, their weight can reach 8-10 g
• Color carmine black, skin tone bronze
• Fruits are not prone to cracking, do not rot
• Excellent long-distance transportation
• When grown on vigorous rootstocks, it grows rapidly
• Productivity is regular, fairly high

MINUSES:

• The variety is self-fertile, additional pollination is required
• There is a need for short pruning, the growth of shoots is significantly enhanced
• Average winter hardiness
• The crop is moderately resistant to cracking

Top pollinators: Van, Summit, Karina, Regina, Burlat.

Tyutchevka

PROS:

• Medium late harvest ripening
• Medium-sized tree, semi-spreading crown, sparse, spherical
• The beginning of the fruiting period falls on 3-4 years of plant life.
• The berries are medium in size, their weight is 5-6 g, but under favorable growing conditions they can reach 7 g
• Taste and commercial characteristics are excellent (the color of the pulp is dark red, the structure is dense, the aroma is pronounced)
• Tasting assessment of the harvest 4.9 points
• The crop is not afraid of transportation over long distances, the keeping quality of the fruits is good
• Resistance to major diseases is good
• The average productivity index is over 97 c / ha, with proper agricultural technology this indicator can reach 275 c / ha
• High level of resistance to moniliosis

MINUSES:

• Low self-pollination rate, up to 6%
• Average degree of resistance to clasterosporium disease, coccomycosis

Top pollinators: Iput, Raditsa, Revna, Ovstuzhenka

General's

PROS:

• Variety with medium-late ripening of berries
• The size of the fruits is large enough, their weight is 9-12 g
• The color is yellow, there is a carmine blush
• The pulp stands out with a sweet and sour taste, dense structure, very juicy
• Tasting score - 4.6 points
• The indicator of drought resistance and frost resistance is very high
• Fruiting begins 3 years after planting in a permanent place
• Unpretentiousness when growing
• Resistance to typical diseases and garden pests is sufficient

MINUSES:

• Fruits cannot retain their taste and marketability for a long time, they do not tolerate long-distance transportation

Pollinators: Tyutchevka, Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Crimean, Lapins

Italian

PROS:

• Self-fertile variety
• Fruits ripen early
• Taste and marketable qualities are excellent (the color of the berries is deep red, the pulp is moderately dense, tender, fleshy, it separates well from the stone)
• Large fruits, weight up to 6 g
• High productivity index
• Resistance to major diseases and garden pests is high
• Good frost resistance, up to - 28 degrees

MINUSES:

• There are no obvious shortcomings, based on the reviews of gardeners

Bakhor

PROS:

• The crop ripens early, in the first - in the second decade of May
• The tree grows very quickly, the degree of leafiness is medium, the crown is round
• Fruiting period begins in the fourth year after planting in a permanent place.
• The size of the fruits is quite large, 8-9 g, their color is dark red, wide-heart shaped
• The color of the pulp is dark red, the structure is medium density, very juicy, it has a sweet taste, there is a slight sourness
• The pulp separates well from the stone
• Due to the dense skin, the crop is not afraid of transportation over long distances, it retains its presentation for a long time
• The fruits can be used both for fresh use and for compotes, jams, preserves.
• Tasting score 5 points
• Dessert type harvest
• Planting material is grown from seedlings
• The indicator of resistance to fungal diseases is good
• Frost resistance is sufficient, up to - 25 degrees

MINUSES:

• Vigorous, height 5-6 m
• The yield indicator is average, up to 45 kg of fruits can be removed from one tree

Farewell

PROS:

• Cherries with early ripening, are very popular among gardeners and consumers.
• It is appreciated for its unpretentious care.
• Excellent taste of fruits, large-fruited, high rate of drought resistance and winter hardiness
• High yield rate, up to 95 kg of harvest is removed from one tree
• The fruits are excellent for fresh use, for winter harvesting
• The size of the berries is large enough, weight up to 13 g
• The color is red, the color of the flesh is yellow
• The taste is sweet, harmonious, the aroma is pronounced, there is a wine-sweet aftertaste
• The pulp is easily separated from the bone
• The tasting score is 4.5 points
• The variety is distinguished by its early maturity
• The yield is high, after 10 years the figure is about 100 kg
• Thanks to the dense skin, which protects the pulp well, the crop can be stored for a long time and is not afraid of transportation over long distances
• High degree of resistance to coccomycosis
• Increased degree of frost resistance

MINUSES:

• The tree is very vigorous, which makes it difficult to pick berries
• The variety is self-fertile, additional pollination is required.
• Average indicator of resistance to fungal infections

Pollinator varieties: Donetsk coal, Valery Chkalov, Donetsk beauty, Sister, Valeria, Donetsk Yaroslavna, Ethics, Rannnya rovinka, Aelita, Annushka, Donchanka

Yaroslavna

PROS:

• The tree is medium-sized, its height does not exceed 3.5 m
• Does not require special conditions for growing, care
• The yield indicator is high, annual
• Type of separation from the stalk dry
• Taste and marketable qualities are excellent
• Fruit size is large, weight is 8-9 g
• The pulp is very sweet, pleasant, of medium density, red in color
• The color of the cherry pomegranate is red, the stone is small in size, it separates well
• The increased degree of frost resistance, drought resistance, resistance to coccomycosis
• Berries do not crack in high humidity conditions
• Transportability is good

MINUSES:

• The variety is vigorous, the crown is spherical - spreading, the branches are curved
• Additional pollination required
• Average indicator of resistance to fungal infections

Pollinators: Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Iput, Chermashnaya, Fatezh.

7.5 Overall Score

After reviewing the description of cherry varieties, having studied their strengths and weaknesses, you can choose the most suitable option for your personal plot. It is recommended to purchase seedlings in specialized retail outlets, while you need to pay attention to the presence of damage on the trunk and root system. We tried to collect for you the most popular varieties of cherries and give all the necessary information on them. If you disagree with these ratings, leave your rating in the comments with the reasons for your choice. thank you for your participation. Your opinion will be useful to other users.

Add your review | Read reviews and comments

If you cannot boast of a large plot, then when choosing a cherry variety for yourself, you should focus not only on its characteristics (yield, fruit weight, taste, resistance to pests and diseases), but also on its self-fertility.

Self-fertility is the ability of trees to bear fruit without cross-pollination with trees of other varieties. Self-fertile cherry varieties will have to be selected by those gardeners who own small plots and are not able to place several varieties blooming at the same time on them for mutual cross-pollination. Unfortunately, not so many varieties are capable of self-pollination.

We have selected the top 7 best self-fertile cherry varieties and ranked them in descending order of self-fertility (from the highest to the lowest value of this indicator). All these varieties will surely delight you with a decent harvest, even far from the "sister" trees.

It is important to understand that the yield of inter-pollinated cherry trees will always be higher than that of self-pollinated plants. This is a specific feature of the culture - in order to obtain the maximum yield variety declared in the description, the sweet cherry needs pollinating varieties.

Backyard yellow

This variety is the leader of our top, as it has the highest self-fertility among the known varieties of sweet cherry. Due to the fact that the size of the tree is medium, and the fruits are tasty and fragrant, the Home Garden is always a welcome guest on any, even a small garden plot.

The yellow color of the fruit will add charm and charm to the garden, decorate the table and diversify the gardener's diet. You won't have to wait long for fruits - trees quickly enter fruiting, are characterized by active growth and high resistance to both diseases and pests, as well as to winter frosts, and even spring frosts.

Sweet cherries of this variety will always provide you with a harvest, because its fruits hang on branches without crumbling or cracking even in rainy weather.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 5-6 years	3,5-4,5	5,0-5,5	Early July	Does not need pollinating varieties

Bereket

This variety has a high self-fertility, however, to increase the yield, one or a couple of pollinator varieties can be planted with it. The variety was obtained at the very beginning of the XXI century, and therefore is characterized by all the characteristics inherent in modern varieties - high winter hardiness and drought resistance, as well as resistance to pests and diseases.

The trees of the Bereket variety are medium in size, they are suitable for any, even the most modest site. Plants quickly bear fruit and produce beautiful dark red fruits with juicy, surprisingly tasty pulp.

The undoubted advantages of the variety include the high transportability of the fruit, and the absence of the need for formative pruning of the tree, which makes it simply ideal for planting in the country.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,8-5,3	5,6-6,3	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Goryanka

The variety was bred in the last century, but this does not mean that it is morally obsolete. It will give odds to any, even the most modern cultivator, because its trees have restrained growth, resistance to drought and frost, as well as diseases and pests.

The fruits of this variety are quickly tied after flowering and ripen together, turning into elegant maroon "dresses" with a pleasant, juicy and very tasty pulp.

The variety is remarkable in that it gives good yields even on the site, a single tree is planted. The fruits can be transported over long distances without damage, and the seed in the berries is small and separates very well from the pulp.

The variety is suitable for cultivation in summer cottages and small farms.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,1-4,7	6,0-6,4	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Tyutchevka

A modern cherry variety with a whole complex of useful and necessary signs for any summer resident is both sufficient self-fertility, and the modest size of the tree, and resistance to diseases, pests, frost and drought, as well as early entry into the season of fruiting and, of course, excellent taste and fruit color, which is good in compote, and fresh when full of sweet juice.

The fruits have a bizarre wide-rounded shape, a dark red "outfit" pleasant to the eye and surprisingly juicy, tasty red pulp.

The variety can be advised to plant on your site also because its fruits are very pleasant to collect. The thing is that their stalk is thick and rather long, and the berries themselves break away from it easily, almost without effort, and the ripe ones hang on the branches without falling, as if waiting for you.

Due to the fact that the fruits are well transported, you can take them from the dacha to the house without any problems.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,0-4,3	5,3-7,4	End of June - early July	Self-fertile, but when pollinated by varieties Ostuzhenka or Raditsa the harvest increases

Dunn

A rare variety can boast a complete absence of flaws, Dunn is one of them. The trees stand out among others for their luxurious pyramidal crown, which practically does not thicken and requires only sanitary pruning, for its highest resistance to winter frosts and spring frosts, as well as to pests and diseases.

It is worth planting at least one seedling of the Dunn variety on your site, as soon you will get a good harvest of large and aligned, like a ruler, fruits of a pleasant dark red color. And their flesh will be juicy, tender and so pleasant to the taste that you will eat all the berries unnoticed.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,0- 4,7	4,5-4,9	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Dolores

A variety with a romantic name that will not leave anyone indifferent. It will be useful to hurry gardeners who are not used to waiting for a long harvest, those who do not want to use a stepladder to pick every last berry, and those who wish to see healthy and luxuriantly blooming plants when they come to the dacha or return to the garden in spring.

Those with a sweet tooth will not be disappointed either - Dolores fruits have all the qualities to satisfy the taste of even the most fastidious cherry lover. Each fruit, like a fresh candy, is “packed” in a maroon wrapper and contains a small, almost invisible bone, which is hidden in a juicy, tasty and fragrant burgundy pulp with a piquant sourness, which does not spoil at all, but on the contrary, gives the taste sophistication.

The fruits are suitable for all types of processing, and the trees are suitable for planting in any, even the smallest area.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	3,5-3,8	5,5-6,2	Mid june	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Pridonskaya

This variety closes our top-7. But do not think that he does not have sufficient self-fertility to produce crops, even if you have a single tree growing on your site. It's not like that at all. Despite the partial self-fertility, the Pridonskaya cherry will supply you with a harvest in the form of very large, one-dimensional fruits of a rich bright red color with pink, slightly gristly and very juicy pulp of a pleasant, refreshing sweet and sour taste.

The variety is also valuable because its yield is stable and annual, because the flowers are not afraid of spring frosts, and the plant itself is not afraid of severe frosts and summer heat.

The variety is suitable for growing both in the country and in an average-sized garden, its trees do not require any pruning except sanitary, and no protection, because they do not get sick and are extremely rarely affected by pests.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 5-6 years	3,8-4,5	5,0-6,5	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

We have considered the most interesting varieties of cherries that deserve the attention of both amateur gardeners and professionals. The listed varieties have all the features inherent in modern varieties and, moreover, are characterized by high self-fertility, which will allow you to grow on the site not only cherries, but also plants of other breeds. Do not forget that planting trees of self-fertile varieties, like other stone fruits, is best in spring.

Foreword

Until now, it is not possible to take more than 5-10 kg from one tree, while all the fruits are not larger than peas? Why not plant large-fruited and high-yielding cherry varieties for a temperate climate and change this situation for the better?

The sweetest and most delicious options according to the estimates of experienced gardeners in Russia

For many lovers, size is not the main thing in fruits, as their taste is appreciated, first of all. Over the past 15 years, more than 80 varieties have been bred with a sugar content of more than 5%, which is a very good indicator for such fruits. They immediately gained great popularity among summer residents and began to spread not only across the territory of Russia, but also to other countries. We would like to bring to your attention the brightest representatives of this class.

1. Sweet cherry Julia. It is a very tasty fruit that should grow in every summer resident who loves to feast on sweets. 5.9% sugar, more than 2% ascorbic acid make it extremely tasty and healthy. The pulp is firm, slightly crispy. For many years of cultivation on the territory of Russia, it has established itself as a reliable, proven, constantly fruitful option.Unfortunately, it will not work to collect a large number of berries, but you can count on 15-20 kg from one adult tree, and both in a productive year and not very much. The crown is not spreading, the branches are directed upwards, do not hang down, which significantly complicates the harvest in the middle of summer. Late cherry (medium late), has excellent resistance to pests, as well as to diseases, only 1 treatment with pesticides from caterpillars is required throughout the season.
2. Sweet cherry Yaroslavna. If you want to grow a really tasty fruit at home or in the country, Yaroslavna is the best fit for this. The average sugar content is up to 14.2%, which is a record for domestic breeding options... It is a worthy competitor to European trees, since, in addition to everything else, it gives up to 60 kg from one tree. That is why it has become the choice of many gardeners, farmers who are seriously engaged in the cultivation of products for sale and export. Keeping quality is very good, does not crack when ripe, tolerates prolonged rains, can be on the tree after technical ripening for a couple of weeks. All late varieties of sweet cherry cannot be compared with it in this category, for which it has earned such popularity in Russia.
3. Cherry Ostozhenka is another representative of the "tasty" category. It contains up to 13% sugars, at the stage of technical ripeness it has an unsurpassed taste, perfect for canning, preparing desserts, dishes, selling on the market (has excellent keeping quality) or just for eating raw. This is where its advantages, perhaps, end. The disadvantages include low yield (collection of 25 kg from one tree can already be considered a record), its weak resistance to frost (up to -20C), as well as weak biological protection against pests. It requires careful care, otherwise it will bear little fruit.

The above options are not in vain that they are so popular. They not only give tasty berries, but have excellent resistance to pests, tolerate cold winters, temperature changes, which cannot be said about large-fruited options. The load on the branches is small, it is easy to form a crown, they grow with minimal maintenance, and they constantly give average yields.

The largest-fruited trees, their characteristics

If you want to grow fruits with an excellent presentation and sell them at a higher price, then you need to pay attention to the following description of sweet cherry varieties. They do not have any supernatural taste, their yield is average or slightly above average, but the weight of the fruits is much higher than ordinary berries. Here are some alphabetical descriptions of the "heavyweights".

1. Sweet cherry Bull heart. One of the largest-fruited, the weight of one berry can reach 8 grams, which is an unprecedented result for 90% of all results of domestic selection, foreign selection. The crown has a pyramidal appearance, and the natural neglect is small. The only negative is that the fruits crack when ripe, especially if the wet weather outside alternates with a dry, hot wind. Excellent taste, slight sourness. Has a dark color, excellent presentation. Poorly transported, keeping quality is low, winter hardiness is high, easily tolerates frosts down to -25 degrees.
2. Dyber black cherry. Fruiting only for 5 years of growth, but immediately gives 7-9 kg from one plant. At 11 years old, it bears fruit in full and you can collect up to 60 kg from one tree, due to this, the yield per hectare reaches 90 centners. One of the biggest advantages of this tree is the size of the fruit - the average weight reaches 6.6 grams, which is a lot for this type of fruit. Sweet, up to 12% sugar, at the stage of technical ripeness has a black color, as well as a characteristic odor, which is much stronger than usual.It is in great demand in the market, as it has an excellent presentation, is well transported and lasts for several weeks. Does not crack in normal weather, but some fruits may crack during rain if the fruit is ripe. Daibera surpasses the best varieties of cherries of European selection, especially in terms of fruit weight. This is a “must have” of every summer resident!
3. Italian. It is difficult to imagine early varieties of sweet cherries without this bright representative, whose fruit weight is 6.8 grams, and some fruits have 8 grams. A worthy competitor to the best Dutch varieties, which is very popular in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Iran. It is grown in a temperate climatic zone and hotter regions, does not require a large amount of water and fertilizers, and gives stable, albeit small, yields. Up to 80 kg / ha can be harvested even in drought and lean years. That is why it is recommended for industrial cultivation. The resistance to pests is excellent, although the keeping quality of fruits leaves much to be desired - in a few weeks they rot and are poorly transported at the stage of technical ripeness.

Large-fruited varieties have, as a rule, low resistance to insect pests and do not tolerate sudden changes in temperature. They are noticeably weaker and difficult to take root, so if you are going to breed them and want to surprise your neighbors with huge fruits, you will have to sweat. All specimens begin to bear fruit in the 4th year, sometimes earlier you can get several berries "per tooth".

Highest yielding varieties in alphabetical order

For you, the main thing is a large yield and a solid profit from one tree? Then this category of trees is right for you. Up to 15-30 tons can be harvested from 1 hectare, while record harvests are harvested in Iran (55 t / ha). The following varieties give up to 50-60 kg per tree, due to which they are the best options for the subsequent sale of products to the market or to wholesale outlets.

1. Cherry Ovstuzhenka. An unusual fruit from the point of view of many gardeners is black cherry, and its shape is conical. One of its main advantages is high yield - up to 115 centners average and 250 centners maximum. With good care and abundant watering, it can easily yield up to 50 kg per tree, and this is far from the limit. The sugar content is 11%, which also makes it one of the sweetest, most delicious in the Russian Federation and other neighboring countries. The crown is spreading, wide, the branches bend down under the weight of the fruit, in some cases supports are required, since they break off in a strong wind - this is perhaps the only disadvantage of this variety. Average frost resistance - withstands up to -25 degrees throughout the winter.
2. Cherry variety Revna. Very recognizable on the territory of Russia, it has a light skin and dense flesh. Due to its yield up to 30 t / ha, it has become one of the best options for domestic farmers. Cherry Revna, reviews of which you can hear from every gardener, perfectly tolerates frosts, even at -5 degrees in April, the color does not fall off, therefore it is recommended for growing in colder regions than the temperate climatic zone. The crown is sprawling, the tree grows tall, so it is recommended to pinch the top to form a suitable option for industrial use. Growing the Revna variety, you will always have cherries, even in the "leanest" year, since the stability of fruiting is greater than that of other varieties.
3. Cherry Fatezh. Quite an interesting specimen, which was bred quite recently. Annual seedlings grow straight up, forming a crown in the form of a peak, after which the next 4-5 years bend and hang down to the very ground, thereby significantly increasing the convenience of harvesting.It gives up to 60 kg from a 10-year-old tree, for which it received very high marks from many gardeners who grow it. High winter hardiness and indifference to sudden temperature changes in spring made it number 1 among high-yielding options. It is necessary to grow only next to other trees for high-quality pollination. Early cherry, ripens in early June or even late May, depending on the temperature of the year.

Foreign varieties are not recommended to be grown in our temperate latitude. They require increased attention, are whimsical to droughts and do not tolerate frost well. It is best to give preference to Russian selection, since the plants are maximally acclimatized in our growing conditions and maximally resistant to insect pests.

Foreword

There are many varieties of cherries today! In the south of Russia, more thermophilic trees are grown, and for the Moscow region and regions of the middle zone, it is better to choose frost-resistant plants. How not to get confused in the variety of cherry varieties and find the best one for your garden, we will tell in this article.

The best self-fertile varieties for the Moscow region and the middle lane

Self-fertility of varieties lies in the ability of fruit trees to self-pollinate with their pollen. Self-fertile are those that form 20-40% of the total number of flowers. Self-fertile varieties do not need cross-pollination with other varieties. Their advantage is that they are independent of the flight of pollinating insects.

Self-fertile cherry

But today there are not so many self-fertile varieties of sweet cherries. Therefore, even with such trees, it is better to plant pollinating varieties near, which in any case will help to increase yields.

The best varieties of self-fertile cherries for the Moscow region today are recognized:

• Narodnaya Syubarova is considered the best option throughout Russia. True, one should not expect a huge harvest, 50 kilograms from one tree is the limit, it is no longer possible to harvest even in the most successful year. The berries of this sweet cherry are of medium size. The tree itself is tall, with a strong trunk and branches that can withstand the load from snow or wind. The plant is highly self-pollinated, fruits ripen up to 90%. Saplings take root well and are able to grow even on sandy loam and loamy soils.
• Ovstuzhenka is a frost-resistant sweet cherry that can withstand up to -45 degrees, Conditionally self-fertile, since pollination takes place within one tree, the resulting ovaries are no more than 90%. Medium large berries, 4 to 7 grams. The yield is 30-50 kg per tree. The tree is not tall, which allows it to be grown on an industrial scale.
• Revna is a small plant with a pyramidal crown. Self-fertile, very fertile, not large-fruited, its berries are not large, but very sweet and aromatic. Cold-resistant, withstands frost down to -6 degrees during the flowering period. Possesses high transportability, it is stored for a long time, at the stage of maturity it is dense, not watery.

Early winter-hardy and late cherry varieties

Almost all known cherry varieties are mostly self-fertile, and only a few species are self-fertile, and then only partially, since they also require pollinator varieties for a full harvest. Therefore, when choosing a variety for planting in your garden, you need to immediately buy a pollinator plant with it in pair, which will have the same flowering period. Sweet cherry is divided into 3 groups according to flowering time.

Winter-hardy early cherry varieties:

• Iput - frost-resistant, has good fruits. Pollinators can be Revna and Raditsa.
• Household yellow - self-fertile variety, frost-resistant, vigorous, slow-fertile, quite fruitful. The berries are medium, sweet and sour.
• Gronkavaya is a strong, frost-resistant variety. The fruits received a high dessert rating. Suitable pollinators: Cheremashnaya, Raditsa, Iput, Fatezh and Ovstuzhenka.
• Red hill - less resistant to diseases, berries were highly appreciated. Pollinators, like Iput's.
• Ovstuzhenka - refers to partially self-fertile varieties, fruits with a good score. It is good to plant next to Iput cherries.

Winter-hardy cherry variety "Iput"

Mid-season cherry varieties:

• Rechitsa - belongs to the varieties of the bigarro group, frost-resistant, not large-fruited, with very sweet dark red berries. Disease resistant. From pollinators it is better to choose Pink Pearls, Adeline and Ovstuzhenka.
• Leningrad black from the guinea group. Sweet medium-sized berries, with pulp inseparable from the seeds. A tree of medium height, unstable to frost, not capable of self-pollination. Pollinators: Iput, Revna, Bryanochka, Tyutchevka and Veda.
• Leningrad pink - also belongs to the gini group. Small berries with a delicate, yellowish skin with ruddy barrels, the flesh is sweet and yellow. The plant is quite tall, has a lush crown, does not self-pollinate. It is recommended to plant next to the following varieties: Adelina, Chernyshevsky, Pink Pearl and Rechitsa.
• Tyutchevka is a medium-sized tree, very resistant to cold and disease. The berries are bright red, of medium size, well suited for freezing and transportation. The plant is partially self-pollinated. Recommended pollinators: Iput, Raditsa and Ovstuzhenka.
• Large-fruited - a tall, fast-growing tree with a broad-shaped crown of medium density. Large-fruited cherry has dark red berries, the weight of which is 10-12 grams, it is considered a dessert variety. The best pollinators will be Surprise and Oratovsky.

Late ripening varieties:

• Michurinka is not a tall tree that is resistant to drought and disease. The berries are dark red in color, strong, fleshy and sweet. Stored for a long time and well transported. The variety is self-fertile. Pollinators required: Michurinskaya late and Pink pearls.
• Bryansk pink - belongs to the bigarro group. The berries are medium-sized, about 5 grams, with sweet pink flesh that cannot be separated from the stone. For pollination, the following varieties are suitable: Iput, Revna, Ovstuzhenka and Tyutchevka.

Yellow cherries that are not afraid of birds

Red cherries, especially early varieties, are very fond of pecking birds. If the garden is located near the forest, rowan thrushes flying from it are capable of destroying the entire berry crop in a matter of hours. Therefore, it is better to cover the red-fruited varieties of the Moscow region with a net during the period of their fruiting.

Yellow cherries are not afraid of this misfortune - the birds do not touch its berries, and the harvest remains intact. In addition, red fruits do not tolerate heavy summer rains and often crack. The yellow cherry, in contrast to the red-sided cherry, does not have such a disadvantage.

Yellow cherry

The most common cherry variety in the Moscow region is “Zheltaya Priusadebnaya”. She is from the early maturing varieties of the bigarro group. The berries are of medium size, weighing about 5-6 grams, their pulp, like the peel, is yellow, sweet, but with a slight sourness. Yellow Household loves black soil, so it takes root well in the middle lane.

Features of the variety:

• self-pollinated tree, has high yield rates;
• fruiting begins quite late - at the 6th year, while ordinary trees begin to bear fruit in the fourth year;
• frost-resistant variety, resistant to fungal diseases, not afraid of cherry flies;
• requires frequent pruning and removal of shoots, since the tree multiplies quickly and has a very lush crown.

Low-growing trees - small, but remote

To achieve high yields on a small planting area, columnar fruit trees are increasingly used, since there is less maintenance and consumption of related materials, and mechanized harvesting is also applicable to them. Among the thousands of cultivated varieties known in the world, tall ones prevail.

Columnar fruit trees

And only a few of them, such as the yellow Fatezh cherry, have a relatively moderate growth.To breed low-growing sweet cherry varieties, modern breeders have used several methods of suppressing the dominant gene of tallness. We will tell you about two of them.

1. Growing dwarf donors. Cultivated large cherries are usually grown on antipka seedlings, which are vigorous rootstocks. Low-growing rootstocks are used to reduce the height of the tree. Clonal cherry rootstocks known today have a wide range of possible crown reduction, which is 20-90%. The effectiveness of the use of low-growing rootstocks has been noted by world breeders, industrial gardeners and private farms. Thanks to the latest research, the promising use of dwarf cherry rootstocks was confirmed, which influenced the further development of breeding in this direction.
2. Exposure of test specimens to radiation. This method is based on causing a mutation in plants that suppresses the dominant traits of their tall stature. As a result of the work of Canadian specialists, low-growing varieties of cherries were bred - dwarf Compact Lambert and Compact Stella. The resulting columnar forms have earlier periods of full fruiting than large-fruited tall cherries.

But, despite many advantages, even the best columnar varieties have a number of disadvantages. Flower buds of low-growing cherry rootstocks have low resistance to spring frosts, which often leads to a noticeable loss of part of the crop. In addition, the buds of dwarf trees bloom earlier than those of tall plants, which can lead to the threat of freezing.

Another significant disadvantage of the columnar sweet cherry is its over-yielding capacity, since the fruits ultimately lose significantly in size, which affects their market value. To prevent this phenomenon, the crowns of columnar trees need regular adjustments aimed at regulating the load on the crop.

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