Nivyanik the best varieties

Nivyanik (the official name is leucanthemum, the popular name is garden chamomile) is a one- or perennial herb belonging to the Astrov family. The stem is straight, reaches a height of 30-100 cm, branches. On elongated petioles, obovate, oblong leaves are attached. They can be solid with jagged edges or pinnately dissected.

Flowering occurs at the end of June. Some varieties bloom twice a year: in late spring and late summer. At the top of the stem, a basket-shaped inflorescence blooms. The yellow core is framed with long snow-white or yellowish petals. The corolla is large: 6-12 cm in diameter. The inflorescences can be simple, double or semi-double - a kind of snow globe is created. The bloom exudes a delicate scent.

The fruit is a polyspermous capsule with a one-sided crown at the top. There are about 650 seeds in 1 g of weight. Seeds are oblong, retain germination for about 3 years.

In its natural environment, the daisy covers the meadows and fields of southern Europe.

Thanks to its touching appearance, coupled with unpretentious care, the daisy has become a popular horticultural crop.

Cultivation of a daisy from seeds When to plant a daisy

Nivyanik seeds photo

The lemongrass is propagated by seeds and vegetatively.

When to sow outdoors

Sowing in open ground is carried out in the spring from the end of March to the end of April or in late autumn.... In the first case, the seeds will germinate in a couple of weeks, and by the end of summer you will have strong plants that will bloom next season. In the second version, the seeds will sprout in the spring and bloom in the same summer.

Seedlings of the daisy sown before the winter photo

• Plant seeds not deeply (no more than 2 cm) and as little as possible.
• The distance between the rows is 25-30 cm.
• Crops can be watered without stagnant water so that an earthen crust does not form.
• When shoots appear, they must be carefully broken through, leaving 8-10 cm between seedlings.
• If the seeds are purchased and it is a pity to throw away the extra plants, transplant them to a permanent place, even crumbs 3-4 cm in height are perfectly accepted at constant soil moisture.
• Sow the grown young plants at a distance of about 40-50 cm from each other.

The first year or two, the bushes will be small and compact. But keep in mind: with good care, daily watering, the daisy can grow strongly, forming powerful bushes up to 80 cm in diameter and more than a meter in height.

How to grow seedlings at home When to plant

Nivyanik for seedlings when to plant photos of seedlings

If you grow seedlings, you can get flowering in the first year.

• Sow seedlings in February-March.
• Fill the boxes or pots with light nutritious soil for seedlings, plant the seeds to a depth of 1 cm, water, cover the crops with foil or glass.
• If you don't want to plant the plants later, take the trouble to plant the seeds one at a time in cassette cups.
• Maintain the air temperature within 22 ° C, provide diffused lighting, ventilate the greenhouse daily, periodically moisten the soil.
• Expect seedlings to appear in 15-20 days - then the shelter should be removed.
• Grow at an air temperature in the range of 17-20 ° C, leave the same lighting.
• When 3 true leaves appear, plant them in separate containers. Soil: sand and peat mixture with the addition of deciduous humus.
• Water sparingly and provide good lighting.
• The grown seedlings begin to harden from the beginning of May, taking them outside. First, choose a shaded place without wind, and then you can expose to an open area lit by the sun. So the plants will be well prepared for planting in the ground and will not hurt.

Plant in open ground in mid-May, in the absence of night frosts. Plant at a distance of 40-50 cm, observing the level of the root collar.

How to plant a nivyanik

Part of the rhizome with sprouts, separated from the bush photo

After 3-5 years of growth, the daisy forms dense thickets - it is necessary to divide the bush. Do this in the spring or early fall.

• Dig up the bush, trying not to disturb the integrity of the earthen coma, carefully divide it into parts with a shovel.
• Plant in holes in accordance with the size of the root system, maintain a distance between plants of about 40-50 cm.

Propagation by cuttings

Cuttings can be carried out all summer long. It is necessary to cut off the root process with a small part of the rhizome, keep the ground part completely. Plant immediately in a permanent growth site. Water well after planting.

How to care for a cornfield outdoors

Nivyanik planting in open ground and care In the photo, the variety Snow Lady Snow Lady

Choosing a landing site

To make the flowering abundant, select a well-lit area for planting the plant, possibly slightly shading. From a lack of lighting, the stems will stretch, bend, there will be few flowers.

Priming

The soil is needed loose, fertile, light. Chernozems or loams of neutral and slightly acidic reaction are ideal. Too acidic soil is contraindicated. It grows poorly on clay and sandy soils. When planting for digging, add peat, compost, humus.

How to water

Water regularly, avoid stagnant water. In case of drought, add about 10 liters of water under each bush. To retain moisture, mulch the soil with sawdust, wood chips or pine needles.

Top dressing

Twice a month you can feed it by alternating mineral fertilizers with organic matter. You can apply complex mineral fertilizers, nitrophosphate, from organic matter, mullein infusion prefers. However, it should be noted that the plant does just fine without any additional fertilizing in ordinary garden soil.

How to prolong flowering

If there is no need to harvest the seeds, cut the buds as they wilt to prevent the plant from losing energy and encouraging re-flowering.

Preparing for winter

Prepare for wintering in autumn. When flowering is complete, shorten the stems, leaving about 10 cm of root foliage. In most cases, much effort is not required: the plant does not freeze out even in the absence of snow cover in winter. If in your area there are severe frosts of more than 20 ° C, it is better to cover the daisy a little. Mulch with peat, additionally cover with fallen leaves, spruce branches. Remove the shelter in early spring.

Diseases and pests

Fungal diseases (downy mildew, fusarium, rust, rot, leaf spot) can appear from dampness. do not allow stagnant water. When diseases appear, sprinkle the soil with ash, treat with Bordeaux liquid. Damage to bacterial cancer is possible. It is necessary to carry out treatment with a fungicide.

Pests are rare. These can be thrips or chrysanthemum miners. Treat with insecticide.

Types of nivyanik with photos and names

The natural environment is inhabited by about 70 species of daisy, some of them are cultivated.

Leucanthemum vulgare or meadow chamomile Leucanthemum vulgare

Common lemongrass or meadow chamomile Leucanthemum vulgare photo

The stem extends 60-80 cm. Corolla diameter reaches 8 cm, flowers are simple. Leaves are glossy, have jagged edges. The plant is shade and drought tolerant.

Varieties:

• Maxima Koenig - the height of the stem is about 1 m, the flowers are simple, the diameter of the corolla is 12 cm;
• May Queen - stem up to half a meter long, semi-double flowers;
• Mastern - plant height is 60 cm.

Leucanthemum maximum leucanthemum

Nivyanik largest Leucanthemum maximum photo

Plant height is 50-100 cm. Leaves are sessile, oblong, with crenate edges. Blooms from early summer until autumn. The diameter of the rim reaches 12 cm.

Varieties:

Alaska is a frost-resistant plant, the diameter of the inflorescence is 10 cm;

Snow Lady is an annual with very large flowers: the diameter reaches 17 cm, the core is lush, the petals are wide;

Wirral supreme - stems reach a height of 80 cm, semi-double flowers;

Little Princess - bush 20-30 cm high, simple inflorescences;

Silver Princess - the height of the stems is 40 cm. The bush is compact. Leaves are dark green, glossy. The inflorescences are simple, their diameter reaches 6 cm;

Broadway Lights - has medium-sized stems. The color of the petals is light yellow, the inflorescences are simple.

Leucanthemum superbum Leucanthemum

Yellow daisy variety leucanthemum banana cream photo

Height is 1 m. Stems are strong, erect. Basal leaf rosette consists of ovoid leaf plates about 30 cm long. Simple inflorescences with a diameter of 8-10 cm delight in July-August. Frost-resistant plant - withstands temperatures as low as -29 ° C.

Fiona Goghill is an interesting splendid daisy variety. The stems are extended to 75 cm. The inflorescences are terry. The middle is lush, has a lemon tint, the petals are wider to the edges, painted in a creamy white color.

The best varieties of nivyanik with photos and names

Leucanthemum crazy daisy

Leucanthemum Crazy Daisy Leucanthemum Crazy Daisy Photo

The amazing beauty of terry chamomile of the Crazy Daisy variety with thin petals is comparable only to the beauty of a white chrysanthemum. Spectacular snow-white flowers will become a bright backdrop for colorful neighbors.

Leucanthemum giant

Nivyanik giant giant photo

Have you ever seen a chamomile with a flower diameter of 12 cm? This splendor is given by the Giant variety, which is as easy to care for as an ordinary field chamomile: planted and forgotten. Unless in a severe drought, it is worth taking care of the beauty so that she will endow with a lush color.

Nivyanik the largest Silver Princess Leucanthemum x superbum ‘Silver Princess’

Nivyanik Silver Princess Leucanthemum x superbum ‘Silver Princess’ photo

Chamomile variety Silver Princess stands out for the depth of color of dark green leaves with a blue tint, which is why the plant has a special nobility. Numerous snow-white flowers with delicate thin petals are a fantastic sight.

Leucanthemum Fiona Goghill Leucanthemum Fiona Goghill

Nivyanik fiona goghill Leucanthemum Fiona Goghill photo

A sight for sore eyes: dense double flowers of the Fiona Goghill variety with lengthening petals on the outer layers of the corolla. The yellow centers are also densely filled. You won't even guess that this is a nivyanik. It looks like either a terry aster, or a chrysanthemum.

Leucanthemum x superbum ‘Snow Lady’

Leucanthemum x superbum ‘Snow Lady’ photo

Stocky, powerful compact bushes with dense dark green leaves are crowned with large flowers with wide petals. Low growth, special splendor of this chamomile breathes romance and lightness.

Nivyanik Wirral Supreme Leucanthemum superbum ‘Wirral Supreme’

Nivyanik Virral Supreme Leucanthemum × superbum ‘Wirral Supreme’ photo

Another stunning terry variety is Wirral Supreme with large flowers that give the impression of scattered pointed stars on the compact, low shoots of the plant.

Leucanthemum superbum ‘Alaska’ cultivation of Leucanthemum Alaska

Leucanthemum × superbum ‘Alaska’ photo

The Alaska variety is interesting for its delicate flowers on thin stems, densely filling powerful bushes. Looks great as a curb plant planted in parks.

Nivyanik in landscape design photo of flowers

Nivyanik garden photo flower beds

If you want to give your flower garden a natural, gentle style, plant a nivyan. It is good in single plantings and in a group with other brighter plants. Combine with cornflowers, bells, delphinium.

What does a nivyanik look like a photo of a mixborder

Dwarf varieties are planted on alpine hills, in curbs.

In the cut form, the nivyanik will stand for about 10 days.

Continuing the theme of daisies, today we will talk about those of their representatives, whom we are all accustomed to considering as daisies. About the very ones, without which it is impossible to imagine summer: yellow-eyed simpletons blooming in the meadow, loved by many flowers, so cute and touching.

Nivyaniki - white and yellow And just no, these are not daisies at all! Their correct name is nivyanik or popovnik. You can read about real daisies in the publication Meet the Real Daisy in the Garden.

Well, let's get to know the nivyanik for real. In Latin, the name sounds like this: Leucanthemum. Such a long Latin word was formed from two: "leukos" means white, and "anthemon" translates as a flower. This plant is a herbaceous perennial, belongs to the genus Nivyanik of the same numerous Astrovye family.

Chamomile in the meadow The genus is small, only 20 species, which live in Europe, mainly in Eastern Europe, and in Asia (there are 2-3 species on Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands). In countries such as America, Australia and New Zealand, our nivyan has also taken root and feels great. It grows everywhere - in fields, meadows, forests along the edges and along roads.

Botanical description

Everyone knows what the daisies look like, and yet let's see how botanists describe this plant. The height of the stem, on which the inflorescences bloom, in the form of baskets, can be from 20 to 80 cm in different species. The stem is straight, little branches. Usually the plant forms a root rosette of leaves - simple, somewhat oblong with grooves along the edges, which scientists say

crenate

... Flower-stalks grow from the outlet, there can be many of them on one bush. The rhizome is short, fibrous.

The inflorescence of the basket (from 3 to 6 cm in diameter) is formed by two types of flowers: at the edges, the white petals are ligulate, and in the center, the flowers are yellow, the so-called tubular. Seeds ripen quickly and self-sowing in the same year. Let's take a closer look at individual representatives of this genus.

Daisy

Familiar to us

daisy or

meadow chamomile (Leucanthemum vulgare)

... In our country, it can be found in every meadow, along the road and in a forest clearing. The height of its flowering shoots can be up to 80 cm, blooms from late May to almost mid-July.

Chamomile in dew drops Such a flower could not be ignored by flower growers. Breeders began to use nivyaniki to create varieties with larger and even double inflorescences. Consider the most interesting varieties of common daisy.

• Maxima kenig

The variety has tall bushes - up to 100 cm. Inflorescences are rather large, about 12 cm, ligulate white flowers are arranged in 2 rows; in the middle there are dark yellow tubular flowers. The plant blooms profusely and for a long time, starting from mid-July for about a month and a half.

Terry Nivyaniki

• May queen

A low plant - about 40-50 cm. The flowers are white, the leaves are decorative: shiny and resilient, dark green in color, forming beautiful dense rosettes.

• San-Souci

The bushes are about 100 cm tall. Baskets of white flowers are large, terry, arranged in 6-8 rows; the middle is yellow. Blooms from mid-July to late summer.

Nivyanik the greatest

Homelandthe most(Leucanthemum maximum) - Pyrenees.The species has a large number of branching shoots from 50 to 100 cm long and a shortened rhizome. Baskets are large - 10-12 cm in diameter. There are terry forms, in which reed flowers of white color are arranged in many rows, and the central tubular ones are crowned with white frills, as a result of which the inflorescences are fluffy, resembling chrysanthemum.

This species differs from others in its rather late flowering, which begins in the second half of summer and lasts until frost. This is due to the fact that the plant forms new shoots throughout the season. But this feature makes it very vulnerable to adverse weather conditions. Therefore, more often this species is grown as a biennial flower.

High-quality nivyaniki.

Has a variety of varieties:

• Alaska

Of all the varieties of nivyanik, this is the largest one that has taken root in Russia, turned out to be very stable in our climate and long-lived. A basket up to 10 cm in diameter, white petals (ligulate flowers) are arranged in one row.

• Bethoven

Plants have a low (about 50 cm), but lush bush, non-double inflorescences.

• Christine Hagemann

Forms lush-flowering bushes, baskets are large and densely doubled, good for cutting.

• Snow lady

The inflorescence-basket is rather large (about 17 cm in diameter). It is loved by English gardeners and grown as an annual.

• Gruppenstolz

A low plant - up to 50 cm. Its baskets are white, simple.

• Little princess

This undersized (15-20 cm) daisy is very graceful, has large dazzling white flowers.

Happy daisies The disadvantage of varietal daisies is their fragility. In addition, prolonged flowering takes away a lot of their strength, and the plants become smaller and thinner. Therefore, most of these varieties have not taken root in Russia. They are unstable even in the middle lane and need constant renewal. They also cannot be propagated by seeds, since the plants at the same time lose their characteristic features.

But there is also our domestic variety of the largest daisy.

• Winner

A very long-lived and resistant variety, it will bloom for two months in June-July. Tall bush - up to 120 cm, strong, strong stems densely planted with leaves, do not decay. Forms large white baskets up to 12 cm in size, ligulate flowers form 2-3 rows. Gives seeds. It grows up to 10 years without division and transplantation.

Nivyanik magnificent

Nivyanik magnificent(Leucanthemum superbum) -

it is a complex hybrid obtained at the end of the 19th century by the famous Luther Burbank by crossing different types of "daisies". Considered as a separate species. This large, tall plant with large white inflorescences with a golden center, has varieties.

Nivyanik magnificent, grade Luna.

Nivyanik kuril

Another representative of the genus -Nivyanik Kurilskiy(Leucanthemum kurilense). Lives in the east, his homeland is the Kuril and Japanese islands. Grows on stones, rocky talus, on the sandy seashore. A low plant - up to 20 cm, with large white baskets with a diameter of about 8 cm.

Hybrid nurseries

The latest developments of scientists in terms of breeding beautiful daisies are hybrid varieties obtained from crossing different daisies: ordinary, largest, magnificent and others.

These hybrids have taken all the best properties of their ancestors, both in terms of appearance and stability, strength and longevity. They are really great.

Variety Victoria Secret.

For example, the variety

Bridal veil almost indistinguishable from chrysanthemum - a snow-white and densely doubled flower.

Fiona Coghill - with creamy white petals forms a magnificent pompom with a yellow-green center.

Fiona Coghill variety.

How to grow a daisy

It is better to choose the varieties of the common daisy, since the daisy is the largest and especially its varieties are very capricious. The place for the daisy should be set aside open, it will not grow in shade. Garden chamomile is capricious in relation to the soil: it does not tolerate heavy soils with clay and low-lying areas at all.

In shade, the daisy will not grow

The soil must be well prepared, it must be drained, deeply dug and fertile. If you plant a daisy in a poor dry land, the flowers will become small, and the flowering will not be so abundant. So what if the land is not rich

organic

, humus should be added to it or

compost

- up to 20 kg per 1 sq.m.After planting bush desirable zamulchirovat any material - compost, peat, sawdust, wood chips.

Care

Varietal daisy quite demanding and care. Especially important to them timely watering, they love moist, but not overly damp soil. Moderately moist, organically rich soil of their inflorescences are larger and brighter. In the dry summer, plants watered a must, otherwise the flowers are crushed.

Leucanthemum demanding to watering

Leucanthemum very responsive to fertilizer. They can be fed with manure, mullein. When you are finished flowering, shoots to wither baskets must be cut to the appearance of plants not injured. Again feed bush to pour mulch - surrounded by such care daisy certainly please you re-bloom.

Flower daisy size of a saucer autumn cut aerial parts of plants. The most valuable varieties for the winter shelter with dry leaves, sawdust or peat layer of cover should be up to 15 cm. In the spring opens the plant as early as possible to prevent damping off.

Division, transfer

Best grown as a daisy biennials. In another case, it is necessary to divide them into 3-4 years of cultivation, or in one not so fine day we found that plants generally lost.

The best time to divide - spring. The plants are dug up and cut into pieces so that each division has several new buds. Planted in deep pits is not less than 20 cm, are placed at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other. When planting in the autumn it is possible that the plants do not survive the winter.

Daisy can be propagated and cuttings. To do this, take a small radical rozetochki with part of the rhizome and deposited into the prepared loose soil. The best time - July and August.

Seed propagation

Sowing seeds can be carried out both in the fall directly into the ground, and in the spring - preferably in greenhouses. With spring planting seedlings may appear quickly, within 2-3 weeks, the seedlings bloom until the following year.

daisy seeds.

But you need to know that terry varieties almost do not transfer their varietal properties when propagated by seeds: terry is not preserved.

Diseases

Daisy may be affected by disease, especially in wet and cold weather. They have stem rot and fusarium wilting, bacterial cancer and various spots, as well as powdery mildew.

If you notice that brownish spots have appeared on the leaves, it is better to immediately, without waiting for the development of the disease, to treat with 1% Bordeaux mixture. This treatment was repeated after 10 days, up to 4 times. At strong damage better cut the aerial parts and burn, then re-grow back healthy plants.

Companions for the Nivyanik

In the garden daisy will look beautiful next to the bushes and in groups with other "Daisy", especially on the lawn. It mixes well with a variety of plants from the garden of "country" - cornflowers, poppies, bluebells, delphiniums.

Leucanthemum good in country garden In addition, they are very well kept vase life - up to 10 days. Strong long peduncles and large inflorescences can be obtained by dividing the bush annually and when grown in very fertilized, moist soils. But we should remember that in these conditions the plant can be exposed to the above diseases.

And yet, let's put him in his garden beautiful daisies - daisy!

Nivyaniki are often considered an ordinary chamomile. The inflorescence has the usual chamomile shape, only as a rule they have larger flower baskets. In our gardens grow daisy and meadow (l. Vulgre) and the highest (l. Maximum), and hybrids thereof. But the variety of colors is incredible.

Common cornflower blooms from the beginning of June for 2 months. It can be found in almost any flower garden.He is not picky about the soil, winters well, does not need shelter, and he has excellent decorative properties.

Nivyanik growing, let's talk about the intricacies of caring for this garden flower.

The height of the species is 60 - 70 cm, the flowers are white, 5 - 6 cm in diameter with a yellow center. The flower has a powerful, branched and creeping root system that can grow over long distances.

Nivyanik is prone to self-seeding - its seedlings can be found far from their parent to their surprise. For these reasons, it is best to plant the flower separately from other flowering plants.

The varietal daisies have a much larger diameter of flowers than the species, in addition, they do not grow so much. However, it should be noted that there is no particular variety in the varieties. Nivyaniki differ mainly in growth: high - up to 1 meter. The most common variety is Mei Queen, the length of the peduncles of which is about 50 cm.

mei queen

Breeders paid attention to the largest daisy, from which they received many varieties. It is less durable and stable than ordinary, lives only 3 years (although winter hardiness is high). Therefore, it must be divided every 2 years.

The height of the varietal daisies varies from 30 to 100 cm, and the diameter of the inflorescence is 7..10 cm. The main difference between this species and its varieties is the later flowering than that of the common daisy.

In the middle lane, flowering occurs in mid-July and lasts until September. It is such a long and abundant flowering that takes a lot of energy from the plant, making it unstable to adverse conditions, as well as wintering.

The growth and formation of new shoots throughout the season is a property of young plants. Therefore, the largest daisy is grown practically as a biennial. A flower with a rosette of leaves overwinters.

Nivyanik varieties

There are only two colors - white and yellow ...

And what a variety of hybrid varieties of cornflower have appeared recently! Semi-double and double, high, low, pure white and the color of baked milk, there are reed flowers, curls, elongated, with rounded and ragged edges.

One of the most unusual varieties to date - Lacrosse (lackrosse) - appeared not so long ago. It is not high 40 cm, with white petals cut at the ends, slightly curled into a tube.

Lacrosse

There are forms of daisy with simple inflorescences, in which white ligulate flowers are located along the edge in one - 2 rows, and with double ones, where the inflorescence is filled with many rows of white ligulate flowers.

Double-flowered varieties are somewhat different from each other. The Snow Maiden (Snehurka), Aglaia (Aglaia) and others have funny flowers of a button with short petals, sometimes of different lengths and an open yellow center.

Snow Maiden

The original variety Old Court is a cute shaggy with many narrow curly petals around a yellow center. its full name is translated into Russian as "Variations on the Old Washcloth Theme"!

Old court

Nivyanik varieties with simple petals attract a great variety. Low (up to 30 cm) Snow Cap - can be used as casing or to create a low long-flowering border.

Approximately 2 years ago, varieties of daisy appeared with yellow and lemon-yellow color of reed flowers, for example, Banana Cream. In the garden, the variety immediately stands out effectively with the compactness of the downed bush, as well as the abundance of flowering.

Banana Cream

At Goldfinch and Sonnenscheine, the color is brighter when dissolved, and then gradually, especially in the sun, it becomes lighter, the color of baked milk.

With the participation of "chamomile" - the nivyanka, flower beds look very refined and elegant.

Every year such interesting flower cultures appear more and more actively, delighting flower lovers.

Nivyanik cultivation: feeding, lighting

The flower needs attention. Nivyaniki love good nutritious soil, an open sunny place, frequent division, feeding twice a season.

Moreover, in the spring they can be watered with an organic solution, and after flowering - with mineral fertilizers, also better in liquid form.

Nivyaniks have many enemies - they are easily affected by fungal diseases, so do not get carried away with nitrogen fertilizing, carry out preventive treatments with biological fungicides (Alirin, Gamair, Fitosporin) in the spring and chemical when diseases appear.

Aphids can also damage flowers, use Confidor systemic insecticides, as well as its analogues.

When growing a daisy for cutting, the bushes must be divided annually, prepared well-fertilized organic soil and watered regularly.

Flowers reproduce vegetatively; during seed propagation, the characteristics of the variety are not preserved. The exception is the Crazy Daisy variety.

It is better to divide the daisy bushes in the spring: in the fall, many plants die. Cut in the second half of summer, while planting small basal rosettes.

Designers attribute nivyaniki to stably ornamental plants. They can be used in mixborders, beddings, they are good in group plantings. These magnificent perennials are excellent partners for many flowers: bells, cornflowers, paniculate phlox, and especially spotted, if the "daisies" are tall.

Nivyany give excellent cutting. Bouquets of the simplest snow-white varieties with inflorescences of astilba, gypsophila or basilis look great. They stand in water for a long time, especially when adding HB-101 (according to the instructions).

Nivyaniki in the cut

Flowers stand well in cut. However, if you need to keep the flowers for a long time, they are wrapped in paper and placed in the vegetable compartment of the refrigerator (+ 2 ... + 4 degrees).

In this case, vegetables and fruits must be removed from there, otherwise the flowers will quickly wither. So they can be stored for about 2 weeks without losing their appearance. It is important that they do not receive light at the same time, so the paper is used in several layers.

After the nyvyaniki were taken out to compose a bouquet, the cuts of the stems need to be updated. Then wrap it in a paper cone, fasten its edges with a stapler on top and put it back in water until they restore turgor. After about an hour, the paper is removed.

Nivyanik cultivation: cuttings

Nivyaniki is easy to propagate by dividing the bush in spring or autumn, and the largest one is better in spring or at the very beginning of autumn.

The rhizome usually grows quickly; in a couple of years, a small clearing will already turn out from a small piece. Of course, many new varieties do not differ with such agility. Delenki need to be provided with at least the minimum space - an interval of 30 - 40 cm.

It is possible to cut the daisy in the first half of the season, first cutting off young green shoots, later - coarse (semi-lignified), which are divided into parts up to 15 cm in size.

Usually only new varieties and cultivars are grown from seeds, sown before winter or spring in pots or a garden bed. Many daisies (excluding rare species) set seeds well, they have time to ripen, and are actively sown.

When choosing a perennial, graceful, frost-resistant and undemanding plant, pay attention to the daisy, the cultivation of which is within the power of even novice growers. Outwardly, it strongly resembles a garden chamomile, but in fact it is only a separate variety of it. Nivyanik varieties stand out favorably against the background of ordinary chamomile varieties due to a higher stem and very large flowers. And at the same time, they also have some peculiarities in care and use.

A bit of history

A beautiful and unpretentious daisy, a description of which is found at the beginning of the 19th century, was initially attributed by scientists to the genus of chrysanthemums. But then botanists studied the culture more thoroughly and intermarried this wonderful plant with asters. True, unlike the latter, the nivyanik is more unpretentious and is able to maintain the splendor of its forms even with insufficient care. Which brought the plant great popularity.Despite the fact that the homeland of the flower is mainly the central regions of the European continent, the delicate beauty of the perennial has won the hearts of gardeners in South America and Australia. There, the daisy is grown in greenhouses as an ornamental plant.

Species features

To date, scientists have identified about 25 plant species, 10 of which are actively grown in personal plots. The overwhelming majority of varieties are perennial, but you can also find an annual nivyanik.

The plant is distinguished by high (sometimes up to 1.3 meters) erect stems, simple or weakly branched. The foliage is collected mainly in a basal rosette, has a dense structure and a ribbed shape.

The flowers of the daisy are mostly white, for which the plant received its Greek name "white flower". However, there are pinkish and even yellow varieties. In addition, leucanthemum (nivyanik) can amaze flower growers with a variety of inflorescence shapes. The most common are large flowers of regular, round shape with simple, reed petals (one flower can have from 12 to 40). Recently, however, terry varieties have begun to gain popularity. In addition, you can find a daisy with inflorescences, in which 2-3 baskets are collected on one stem at once.

The main difference between the daisy and other species is its large flowers, a tall, straight and dense stem. These indicators are preserved regardless of the variety.

Popovnik or Leucanthemum vulgare / Leucanthemum vulgare

The closest relative of the daisy is garden chamomile. In comparison with which the nivyanik can be called a more noble and elite culture. However, you can often hear such a name as - priest. True, in this case, we are talking more about a wild-growing variety, which is also called an ordinary cornflower. Of course, there is a lot in common between the two plants, especially in appearance. But, in the usual understanding of the gardener, the nivyanik is, nevertheless, a refined, home plant, characterized by high varietal qualities, for the maintenance of which it is necessary to create certain conditions. But the poplar is a weedy type of chamomile. Its stems are softer, drooping up to 30 cm in height, small flowers. But the popovnik, like the pharmacy chamomile, is famous for its healing properties, while the noble Nivyanika has a much lower healing effect.

Nivyanik reproduction

Like all perennial flowers, the daisy reproduces well by seeds. However, if you decide to sprout seeds, be prepared for the fact that the result obtained can be very different from what you expect, especially when it comes to hybrid varieties. Perennial poorly retains varietal characteristics during seed planting. In addition, a plant obtained by this method will give flowers only in the second or third year. This technology is supported by a wide assortment of replaceable material, which can be easily found in any store, while when propagating by root division, problems may arise with the search for the required variety.

So, if you have already purchased a unique cornflower, growing from seeds will not be difficult:

• sowing the daisy for seedlings either in open ground after warm weather is established, or on the windowsills in small greenhouses;
• you need to close the seeds shallowly (no more than 1-2 mm);
• it is necessary to constantly monitor the moisture content of the soil;
• in a greenhouse, seeds will hatch in a couple of weeks, in open ground this process can take 3 weeks;
• as soon as the plant has real leaves, the crops must be thinned out and, if possible, dive;
• in mid-June, the seedlings can be transplanted to their "permanent residence".

An already grown bush can be propagated by root division. This should be done in early spring or autumn after the plant has completely faded. The second option is more preferable.Root division is a natural process for the daisy, he tolerates it well. All a grower needs to do is to dig a bush with a large clod of earth, soak it in water and separate the young shoots from the mother bush. The success of the procedure will largely depend on the number of roots left at the bush. Therefore, try to make the division as carefully as possible.

Planting and leaving

The plant is not demanding to care for, but it will be easier to get a good shrub with high varietal qualities if you take into account some of the preferences of this plant.

Cornflower growing in the open field:

• the daisy loves neutral, well-fertilized and moist soils;
• the plant feels better in open, sunny spaces;
• does not tolerate thickened plantings and requires regular thinning.

The daisy plant is planted in loose soil with the addition of peat, humus and sand in equal proportions. The holes for this are made commensurate with the root system and are located at a considerable distance from each other.

Don't bury the plant. When planting, make sure that the middle of the bush is not covered with earth.

How far you need to plant the bushes depends on the variety, usually the manufacturer indicates these parameters on the package. But when planting a daisy, you must definitely take into account that it is a perennial that will spend at least 3-4 years in one place. Each bush during this time is able to grow and form clumps of about 60 cm in diameter.
In addition, the nivyanik, the care of which is reduced mainly to timely watering, is quite demanding on lighting. The main decoration of this type of daisies is that large flowers on tall, resilient stems come to naught when shaded. The bush begins to wriggle, lean to the ground, and the flowers decrease in size.

In order for a flower to please with a decorative look, it must be planted in sunny places. It is permissible to place the nivyanny on flower beds illuminated by direct rays only in the first half of the day.

Nivyanik, planting and care in the open field for which are very simple, will delight flower growers with beautiful flowers throughout the summer. And in order for the inflorescences to become even larger, once every two weeks, you can feed the perennial with a weak solution of mullein or other organic matter.

The best varieties

As already mentioned above, the daisy is a large species of garden chamomile with a large assortment of refined, hybrid and wild varieties. Among them, the following varieties are most attractive for cultivation:

Large-flowered daisy

is presented in three varieties "white", "princess" and "giant". The latter is distinguished by a larger cap, the diameter of which reaches 13 cm. The varieties give dense long stems and are excellent for cutting. They can stand in water for up to 9 days. They prefer sunny places and moist soils. They bloom from mid-summer until the onset of frost.

Nivyanik Magnificent

Nivyanik The largest one more subspecies, represented by a wide variety of varieties. The hats of these varieties are large - up to 17 cm ("Snow Lady"). The height of the bush can vary depending on the variety and varies from 30 cm (for example, "Little Princess") to 1 meter ("Stern von Antwerpen" or "Winner").

The main part of the varieties of "Nivyanik the Magnificent" has double inflorescences, with a rolling color. As a rule, the marginal petals of the flowers are white, and the tubular middle changes shades from yellow-green to pinkish-cream. The varieties are distinguished by late flowering.

The most popular varieties are

• "Fiona goghill" is a characteristic feature of the curled outer edge of the petals.
• Aglaya is a very delicate flower with long marginal petals and a lush shortened middle.
• Real Nit - a large yellow heart is framed by several rows of tubular white petals.
• "Alaska" is one of the varieties of "Magnificent" or "Greatest" nivyanik that deserves special mention.The plant is quite tall with boiling white petals and a bright yellow heart. Inflorescences are large, up to 10 cm in diameter. A relatively undemanding variety that can easily tolerate low temperatures.

Nivyanik variety "Magnificent" loves sunny places. It is preferable to cover the roots for the winter.

Crazy Daisy

this variety can be distinguished especially, since it is always popular among gardeners. If you want to breed a terry nivyanik on the site, then you cannot find a better option. It has the largest flowers among terry varieties - up to 12 cm in diameter. On the packaging it is often called chrysanthemum, for the unusual type of inflorescence. In agricultural technology, it does not differ from other terry varieties. Requires shelter for the winter.

But, no matter what sort of nivyanik you choose, the main thing is to correctly use this culture in landscape design. Only then will the multifaceted beauty of the perennial reveal itself fully.

Choosing a landing site

The purity and innocence of the daisy flowers will perfectly emphasize the individuality of any garden design. It can be used both in independent plantings, so in order to shade brighter flowers or shrubs. In mixbarders, slides or rakaria, undersized varieties look good. For example, Kurilskiy Nivyanik. The height of the plant does not exceed 15 cm, and at the same time has a cap of 8 cm in diameter, which makes it look very decorative.

Tall varieties also provide for use in landscape design. They are grown mainly for cutting. However, these plants can be beautifully combined with climbing crops or planted as a hedge. At the same time, when creating design landscapes, take into account the timing of flowering of the daisy, and the fact that after flowering, the plant must be cut almost to the very root. The decorativeness of this perennial, unfortunately, is short-lived.

Nivyanik marsh

When creating meadow mixes, you should pay attention to the swamp daisy. This plant does not exceed 30 cm in height and has well-aimed, delicate flowers up to 3 cm in diameter.
It is best to combine cornflower with crops such as lilies, cornflowers, bells, or delphinium.
Do not be afraid to experiment with nivyanik, create designer flower beds. Try to combine the delicate daisy with rough deciduous crops and find your inimitable solutions.