The best varieties of apple trees for Bashkiria

For the northern regions of Russia, thanks to breeders, many winter-hardy varieties of apple trees have been bred.

But every gardener on a personal plot wants to achieve not only the survival rate of an apple tree, but also reap a good harvest even in the most unfavorable year.

The Bashkir beauty variety is winter-hardy and is highly valued in Bashkiria for the annual fruiting of delicious apples. But is it suitable for our climatic conditions?

Description

Apple tree Bashkir handsome, was bred in 1928 by Strelyaev V.P. and immediately spread throughout Bashkiria.

For now the apple tree occupies 25% of the entire area of ​​this state... This variety appeared in Russia a long time ago, but every year it increases its popularity among gardeners living in the northern regions.

The main distinguishing feature of the apple tree from other crops is high resistance to frost and periodic fruiting.

The apple variety Bashkir beauty is famous for its amazingly tasty fruits... A young seedling takes root on any soil and develops quickly.

A medium-sized tree is not whimsical to care for, has a weak resistance to pests and scab.

Fruits on the apple tree Bashkir handsome, you will collect even after a cold winter.

Important! The tree quickly recovers from freezing and various diseases.

Characteristic

The Bashkir beauty has many virtues necessary for growth and development in adverse climatic conditions.

The most main advantages are the following indicators:

• High resistance to frost;
• Not picky about the soil;
• Consumer qualities of fruits;
• The fruits are well stored and are not damaged during transportation;
• Medium disease resistance.

Important! The disadvantage of the apple tree is that the variety is not fast-growing and during drought, the fruits crumble from the tree.

Apple tree Bashkir handsome is highly resistant to frost.

Tree height

The apple tree is considered a medium-sized tree. The average height reaches 5-6 meters.

Crown width

A young tree has a rounded crown.

At the beginning of fruiting:

• the crown becomes of medium density,
• has a spreading, broadly pyramidal shape.

The branches grow at a 90 degree angle.

Annual growth

The growth of an apple tree depends on feeding, care and air temperature. On average, it reaches 10 cm per year.

Self-fertility

The apple tree is self-fertile and needs pollination of other apple crops... The best varieties for pollination are Antonovka or Titovka's Seedling.

Tasting assessment

The apples are delicious and beautiful, for you below is a description, photo:

• The fruits are not large, with an average weight of 130 grams.
• The peel of the fruit is oily, green in color with the presence of a pink blush.
• The flesh of apples is dense, crispy, white.
• Taste quality at the highest level, have a sweet taste with a slight sourness.

Winter hardiness

The apple tree adapts well to a variety of climatic conditions.

The particular advantage is very strong frost resistance.

It also tolerates cold snaps in summer.

Disease resistance

The variety is moderately resistant to pests and various diseases.

For this, as a preventive measure, it needs to be treated with chemicals.

Important! Pest control is not carried out during flowering, since the pollination process is disrupted

Fungal diseases of apple trees.

Reviews

Smirnov. T. M. Voronezh region. "Hello. I want to share my experience of growing an apple tree Bashkir beauty. This variety has been growing on my garden plot for a long time.

I bought a seedling in the nursery, after having studied the photo and description of the variety, planted it in early spring and in May.

The tree has taken root well.
I waited a long time for it to start bearing fruit.

The first fruits appeared 6 years after planting, although I was told that they would begin to bear fruit in 4 years. I was pleased with the fruits.

Delicious juicy apples can be eaten fresh for a long time, as they are well stored. But caring for an apple tree takes a lot of free time and effort.

Often exposed to scab, diseases, pests periodically attack the plant. Thanks to annual fruiting alone, this apple tree still grows in my garden. "

Potekhin Semyon. Kaluga region. Kaluga. “Hello dear gardeners. I have a large fruit

garden

... Among the various apple trees

, I will single out the Bashkir beauty as the most valuable variety .

Apple tree:

• Has a good growth,
• It bears fruit regularly, the yield increases from year to year on the tree.
• Not whimsical to the soil.
• Easy to care for.
• Pests are extremely rare.
• The fruits, although not large, have excellent taste.

Do not hesitate to choose this variety. I recommend. You will not regret."

Features of planting and care

A hole for planting an apple tree.

The survival rate of the apple tree, its development and yield depends on proper planting and further care.

Although the Bashkir beauty variety is undemanding to certain soils, nevertheless all the nuances should be taken into account in work and the right choice of a landing site.

Landing

Timing

The seedling is planted in early spring.

Advice! The apple tree is not recommended to be planted in the fall, since it will not have time to take root before winter and will die

A place

The site for planting must be chosen on loamy or chernozem soil. The place should be protected from the cold wind as much as possible.

Distance

The apple tree does not tolerate strong gusts of wind, for this it should be planted near other low crops. The distance between them should not be less than 4 meters.

Technology

1. Before planting, all damage is removed from the seedling.
2. Dig a hole 60 cm deep and at least 70 cm wide.
3. Add 70 gr. superphosphate, 55 gr. potassium sulfate and dug up with the ground.
4. Next, a stake is driven in near the pit, for further support of the plant.
5. The seedling is planted on the north side of the support and the roots are carefully distributed.
6. Then, without tamping, they cover it with earth so that the root collar is 5 cm above ground level and watered abundantly with water.

Propagation by cuttings

• Cutting cuttings for propagation of an apple tree is carried out at the end of winter, before on the plant
  the kidneys will wake up.
• Cut stalk immersed in water 4 cm and left in this position for 2 hours.
• Then a piece of the branch is placed in a cool cellar until spring comes.
• In May, the cutting is planted in loose soil, watered and covered with a plastic bottle.

The roots of the seedling are formed within a month.

Advice! At this time, all emerging leaves of the plant should be torn off.

Pruning and shaping the crown

The earlier the crown begins to form, the faster and the correct appearance it acquires. For this, tiers of 5 main branches are created at a distance of 30 cm from each other.

First cut carried out two years after planting the seedling. As a rule, 3-4 strong shoots directed in different directions are left on the trunk.

Further, so that the tree does not thicken and rejuvenates with new branches pruning should be done annually.

Agrotechnics

The soil is fertilized with nitrogen fertilizers.

Moisture-loving tree and needs regular watering.

The fertilizers applied during planting are enough for 2 years, then feeding is carried out at intervals of 3 years.

With abundant fruiting of the apple tree, in order to avoid cracks and breaks, they put supports under the branches.

How to process?

Every spring it is necessary to clean the apple tree of old foliage and dead bark.

Before the kidneys swell in order to avoid the attack of pests and the prevention of various diseases, the apple tree is sprayed with a fungicide and an insecticide.

In the fight against scab and fruit rot the tree is treated with copper sulfate and colloidal sulfur.

Features of ripening and fruiting

The beginning of fruiting

The first fruiting of the Bashkir beauty apple tree falls on 4 years after planting. This culture bears fruit annually, with with a yield of up to 70 kg from one apple tree.

Timing

Fruit ripening

Apples ripen at the end of August. If the summer is rainy and cool, ripening occurs later by the end of September.

Storage of fruits.

Fruit storage

Apples are stored for quite a long time, up to 5 months... During this period, the taste of the fruits is not lost, they remain the same crisp and juicy.

During transportation, it does not lend itself to deformation of appearance.

Subspecies and variants

With the help of rootstocks and tree selection, the Bashkir beauty apple tree can bear fruit in the early and late stages.

Summer

Thanks to the grafting of the Bashkir beauty on special clonal rootstocks, a summer variety was bred.

This culture is characterized by low growth, with a spreading crown. Due to the small size of the tree, maintenance is not difficult.

With proper agricultural technology, the plant develops correctly, the quality of fruits and their long storage are improved.

The semi-dwarf apple tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 3, the ripening period falls on the beginning of August. The fruits have a beautiful presentation with a pleasant sweet and sour taste.

Apple tree.

Late

The Bashkir late winter variety was obtained by crossing two apple trees Welsey and the Bashkir beauty:

• Medium-sized tree with a rounded, not dense crown.
• The bark is smooth, brown with a reddish tint.
• The foliage of the apple tree is short-pointed, green.
• Apple flowers are fragrant, not large with a reddish color.
• Fruits are flat-rounded, weighing up to 150 gr.
• The color of apple trees at the time of ripening is greenish-yellow with red blurred stains.
• The pulp is not very aromatic, juicy, fine-grained.
• The fruit tastes sweet and sour.

Important! The variety requires apple pollinators such as Buzovyazovskoe and Titovka Seedlings.

The Bashkir winter apple tree is valued for:

• Regular fruiting,
• The abundance of the harvest,
• Transportability,
• Long-term storage of fruits.

Variety highly resistant to frost and many diseases.

Growing in regions

In outskirts of Moscow

Climatic conditions in the Moscow region for fruit-bearing trees are rather scarce.

The winters are long with severe frosts, summer is rather hot.

To grow an apple tree of the Bashkir beauty in this region, you need to know several features:

• A seedling is planted in a place not blown by the winds.
• In the hot summer period, watered abundantly.
• In order for the tree to survive the harsh winter, it is fed with fertilizers in the fall and the trunk is insulated.

In the middle lane

The climate in the middle zone is moderately continental.Winter is snowy and summer is cloudy and rainy.

Bashkir beauty adapted to frost and with proper care, it can bear fruit in this region of Russia annually.

Although the apple tree is considered moisture-loving, when planting in the middle lane, its correct location should be taken into account.

The seedling planting site does not allow groundwater less than 3 meters. The best site would be a small hill, where water does not stagnate from torrential rains.

During development, the plant requires careful agrotechnical work.

Good harvest, correct agrotechnical measures are provided.

In the Urals

Despite the difficult climate of the Urals, with proper planting, the Bashkir beauty will bear fruit for more than a dozen years. Planting is carried out in early spring.

For a good survival rate of this variety, they dig a hole in the fall, add fertilizers:

• Superphosphate,
• Calcium chloride,
• Peat.

After the end of winter three year old the seedling is planted in a prepared place, carefully handling the roots:

• When falling asleep, the seedling is shaken slightly so that the earth fills all the voids in the rhizome.
• Then the soil is tamped so that the root collar is 3 cm above ground level.
• Further, for watering, a hole is made around the seedling.
• Water the apple tree with 2 buckets of water.
• After the moisture is absorbed, the planting site is mulched with ground straw.

With the correct fit dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks can grow in the Urals Bashkir beauty.

Important! The seedling should not be younger than 3 years of age, otherwise it may not take root.

Useful videos

Look at the video about frost-resistant varieties:

Look at the video for a review of apple trees for the Urals:

Watch a video about frost-resistant varieties:

Look at the video for a review of apple varieties:

Conclusion

Having examined all the characteristics of the Bashkir beauty apple tree, we came to the conclusion that this variety can be grown under different climatic conditions, including the northern regions of Russia.

To achieve good fruiting, all planting technology and timely care should be taken into account.

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Watch a video about apple trees in Bashkortostan:
watch the video about the basic rules for planting an apple tree:
check out the video about caring for an apple tree:
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2>Conclusion

You may not have paid attention, but gardeners, unlike fishermen, talk more about failure than success.

Pay attention to possible errors:

It is not always taken into account what a mature tree will be; Excessive enthusiasm for new products very often turns into disappointment and wasted years; We hardly think about pollinators; We do not know about the soil of the site; We buy at the market to the enchanting fairy tales of the seller. And try to avoid them.

Apple varieties for the Urals: description and photo

Selection varieties of apple trees for the Urals are well adapted for growing and fruiting in this region. A detailed description with photos and reviews will help you choose the right trees for your garden.

The climate of the Urals cannot be called favorable for the cultivation of horticultural crops. This also applies to varieties of fruit trees bred by breeders. Freezing temperatures during flowering, constantly changing weather conditions and strong winds can damage the entire crop.

Apple varieties for the Urals: how to choose

Due to the special climatic conditions, it is necessary to carefully select varieties for planting that are resistant to the low winter temperatures of the Urals. You should also pay attention to other criteria:

yield - it depends on how many apples you can pick from one tree; the level of immunity of the apple tree to harmful factors; the ability to store apples, their taste; period of reaching maturity of fruits (summer, autumn, winter).

The North-West region of Russia is characterized by a large amount of precipitation. They can lead to scab damage to apple trees, which affects the quality and quantity of the crop. To combat this fungus, before and after flowering, trees are sprayed with fungicides, Bordeaux liquid or iron sulfate.

Summer varieties

The collection of fruits begins in mid-July, but they are not stored for long.

Silver Hoof

The apples are small and juicy. Ripening begins by the end of summer, they will last up to 30 days. The apple tree is especially popular in the Ural regions, since it is rich in harvest and is winter-hardy, and the first fruits appear in the third year. But it has a drawback: with high humidity, scab can appear.

Cigarette

Ripening occurs at the end of summer. You need to pick fruits very carefully, then you can save them for up to two months. They have a light amber color, medium size, sometimes large, sweet and sour taste, tender and juicy, with a pleasant aroma. The apple tree bears fruit well from 5-7 years. At the same time, the variety is not winter-hardy enough, therefore, it is not suitable for the northern regions of the Urals. In the rainy season, it gets sick with scab.

Autumn ripening varieties

Autumn apples are harvested in September, they are able to retain their properties for 2-3 months.

You will see the first results of your labor in 4-6 years. The ripening time for apples falls at the beginning of autumn, they are stored for up to one and a half months. The harvest of the Urals is constant, increasing every year.

The apples of this variety are beautiful and tasty, but small, covered with a waxy coating. They have a creamy color with a blush. The apple tree resists scab and rot, but the moth is dangerous for it.

This is the oldest variety bred for the Urals zone. Due to its increased winter hardiness, it is still considered the best in these latitudes.

The name speaks for itself - apples serve as a source for the preparation of high quality juices. Sokovoe-3 ​​variety is fast-growing, fruits appear 3-4 years after planting. They ripen at the beginning of autumn and can lie without loss of qualities from 90 to 120 days. Brings rich harvest annually.

Fruits are medium in size or small, flat-round, pink-striped, sweet and sour in taste. Apple trees have high winter hardiness, they are not infected with scab.

Ural Nalivnoe

The crop appears in 2-3 year old apple trees. The ripening period of the fruits falls in mid-September, but even overripe fruits do not crumble. It retains its properties for two months.The variety Ural'skoe bulk has stable fruiting, which increases every year, so the branches often break.

The apples are small, becoming smaller in the following years. They are yellow-green in color with subcutaneous punctures and have a characteristic aroma. In the taste, in addition to juiciness and tenderness, there is sweetness with sourness. The advantage of the variety is its excellent winter hardiness in the Urals. The disadvantage is the tendency to be affected by scab in high humidity conditions.

Blush sverdlovsk

This variety has large pods, yellow in color with blurred red stripes. They ripen by mid-September, keeping quality is 2-3 months. Blush apples are sweet and sour in taste, with a high content of juice. Advantages - abundant fruiting, good tolerance to low temperatures, resistance to diseases, including scab.

You will see fruits on these apple trees 5 years after vaccination. Ripening time is the beginning of autumn, you can store them until mid-winter. A high constant yield is characteristic. The fruit is beautiful, but small, red-pink. Their distinguishing feature is a swollen funnel. The pulp is sweet and sour, tender, juicy and aromatic, prickly.

The Ekrannoe apple tree has good winter hardiness, but it is susceptible to scab disease, so special care is needed. The crop is well transported.

Winter fruits ripen before the first frost, usually at the end of September or in the first half of October. Most often they are used for blanks, since they can lie until spring.

Gornoaltaiskoe

This apple tree wakes up early, so it is ideal for areas where spring comes late. The fruits are picked at the end of summer. It is better not to delay the collection, as they are overripe. It is better to use or process them right away, since their keeping quality is small - only a month.

Yields at Gornoaltaiskiy are average, there is no periodicity. The bright red apples of this variety are small, sweet and sour, with a spicy aftertaste and special juiciness. During long rainy periods, the peel cracks, which affects transportability and shelf life. The variety is frost resistant. If it freezes at an ultra-low temperature, it quickly recovers. Does not get sick with scab, even with heavy rainfall.

This variety is one of the best. The fruits ripen in the first month of autumn. For storage, they are harvested at the end of August. Plucked later - tastier, but will lie only until the beginning of winter.

The fruit is small, fragrant, amber-yellow, with a characteristic sweet-sour astringent taste. Apple-tree Amber is distinguished by increased resistance to frosts of the Urals, well resists diseases and rot, but is affected by the moth.

Fruits on these trees will appear late - from 6-7 years. They ripen in mid-September and are stored for about six months. The Persian woman bears fruit annually. The apples are large, with a striped blush on the main part. The pulp is juicy, but harsh. The trees are quite frost-hardy, but scab infection is possible.

Snowdrop

The apple tree is dwarf, reaching only two meters. Differs in early maturity, you will see the first fruits from 3 or 4 years old. Collection time falls at the beginning of autumn. They are stored for quite a long time - about 4 months. This variety usually has good yields, which is why the branches need support. It bears fruit every season, but this quality is lost over time. The apples are medium in size, light yellow, juicy, with a light aroma.

Snowdrop is resistant to adverse conditions, with the exception of drought. Since water scarcity affects the quality of the fruit, additional watering is necessary during dry times. Has scab resistance.

Due to the specific climatic conditions of the Urals, gardeners need to adhere to certain rules for growing apple trees and carefully choose their varieties. Thanks to the work of breeders, many of them have been bred for this region. A distinctive feature is the ability to withstand low temperatures.Knowing these features, you can grow a rich and varied crop.

Apple varieties for the Urals

When planning to plant a garden on your site, you need, first of all, to determine which varieties of fruit plants will grow well and yield crops in your specific conditions. That is, to pick up zoned varieties - varieties that are best suited for growing in the local climate. They must have a set of qualities that allow them to grow and bear fruit successfully in these conditions.

How to choose apple trees for the Urals

For example, when selecting varieties of apple trees for the Urals, first of all, attention is paid to such characteristics as:

1. Frost resistance. The climate in the Urals is continental, with harsh winters, no thaws, good snow cover. Here, a very necessary quality will be good frost resistance of wood and flower buds.

2. Drought resistance. In the Ural region, there is little rainfall in summer, so low moisture requirements will be a useful quality.

3. Resistance to scab disease. An important quality, since the defeat of apple trees by such a disease as scab seriously affects the quality of the fruits and the health of the tree in general and involves a large number of chemical treatments of the garden.

4. Early ripening of fruits. It is relevant for the northern regions of the Urals, for example, the Chelyabinsk region. Here, the supply of plants with summer heat is the lowest in comparison with other regions. Late and large-fruited varieties simply do not have time to ripen and gain taste.

What varieties can be recommended for cultivation in the Urals? First of all, these will be:

- small-fruited varieties such as semi-crops, especially in the northern parts of the Urals; as well as winter-hardy large-fruited varieties, including in a creeping form; and natural weeping dwarfs.

Consider what breeders offer to gardeners of the Urals. The selection of frost-resistant apple trees is carried out in the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing. The workers of the Sverdlovsk Horticultural Selection Station made a great contribution to the development of northern gardening. Through their efforts, the gardens of the northerners were replenished with the following wonderful varieties:

Silver Hoof

Probably one of the most famous varieties. Its popularity is due to the sweet taste of very juicy apples. They have a rather large weight for northern apples - a little over 100 grams, they are elegant. They ripen by mid-August and can persist for up to two to three weeks. If you are late with picking up, then the apples, remaining on the tree, are poured and become transparent. The disadvantage is the susceptibility of the scab variety in wet years.

Ural bulk

Another favorite of gardeners not only in the Urals, but also far beyond its borders. Such love to this variety was brought by yellow, sweet apples, which also often become liquid. As well as their late summer ripening, high yield and early onset of fruiting. The winter hardiness of the tree is simply amazing - it can withstand temperatures as low as -51 degrees!

Aroma of Uktus

A productive, winter-hardy variety with summer-ripening apples. Very beautiful fruit for lovers of sour apples. The tree has a comfortable crown that does not need to be artificially shaped. Scab resistance is not its strongest point.

? Cigarette amber

Amber color, liquid apples of sweet taste will not leave anyone indifferent! They are quite large - 120-140 grams, have a pleasant aroma. They ripen at the end of summer and can be stored for about two months. Trees begin to bear fruit early and delight with a large harvest.

? Aksen

An excellent summer variety that is immune to scab. The trees are small and very winter-hardy, bringing in a large harvest of red-striped apples every year. Ripening occurs in mid-August. The taste of apples is sweet and sour, pleasant.

? Dreamer

Another variety that is practically not susceptible to scab. Trees with very high winter hardiness. In the summer, at the beginning of August, juicy apples of excellent sweet and sour taste ripen.They are yellow with stripes and weigh about 100 grams.

? Countryside

Favorite variety of summer apples in the Urals. Its advantages, along with a good sweet and sour taste, yield and early fruiting, include practically no susceptibility to scab. It can also be noted that apples of the Dachnaya variety are pale yellow in color, without a cover color, weighing about 100 grams.

?Bugler

Large, powerful trees of this variety practically do not suffer from scab. Orange-red apples hang like bright lights. They are medium in size, sweet and sour in taste, and will appeal to lovers of crispy apples. Ripening period - after mid-August.

Iset white

This late summer variety has everything large: the trees are tall, powerful, the fruits often gain weight up to 260 grams. Apples have a wonderful sweet and sour taste, elongated-oval and almost white. This variety is also not afraid of scab.

Sunsedar

Another variety with large apples with a bright color and very good taste. Popular among gardeners in Bashkiria.

Autumn varieties?

VEM souvenir

Not susceptible to scab. Fruits ripening in autumn are covered with a speckled-striped pattern, juicy and pleasant to the taste. The consumption period is from September to December. Trees are of moderate growth.

Screen

People's favorite variety of autumn-winter ripening. Winter-hardy trees have a valuable quality: the main branches extend from the trunk at almost right angles. The apples are medium-sized, 90-100 grams, pinkish, juicy, have a very good sweet and sour taste. These apples, after the removal of the tree in September, can be stored until the New Year and more.

Anis sverdlovsky

A variety of a well-known variety. Very winter-hardy. The apples are round, medium in size and dazzlingly beautiful with their bright red blush. And the taste of the juicy pulp is wonderful. Harvest in September, and you can consume it until December. Of the minuses - a tendency to scab.

Juice-3

A productive autumn variety with medium-sized tasty fruits. The apples are pinkish, sweet and sour, very juicy with crispy flesh. Good for juicing. It is worth noting the great winter hardiness, constant yield of this variety, as well as such an important quality as scab resistance.

Danila

This new variety is not at all susceptible to scab disease. Danila's trees are quite tall, with a comfortable crown, they tolerate frosty winters well. Fruits are large, up to 160 g, yellow, somewhat elongated, with a very pleasant sweet and sour taste, ripen in September and can be consumed until March.

Juice-2

We love them for their beautiful and tasty fruits. Although they are small, only 30 grams, they have an excellent taste, and are also rich in vitamins. These apples are indispensable for making juices, and other blanks are obtained from them anywhere!

Winter varieties

?Persian

Large fruits, beautiful appearance - bright carmine blush, crispy, juicy pulp with an excellent sweet and sour taste - all this made Persianka a popular and widespread variety of apples. Of the minuses - in damp years it can get sick with scab.

Beauty of Sverdlovsk

Beauty among apples! Taste, size, appearance, ability to long-term storage - make this variety one of the best. Fruits are large: 160 grams and up to 200-250 grams, regular shape, bright red, with juicy, crumbling pulp and wonderful taste. Ripening in September, they are stored until April-May. To obtain large yields, competent pruning at a young age is required.

Good news

Derived from the Beauty of Sverdlovsk, inheriting all of its best qualities and gaining in addition immunity to all races of scab. Only the fruits of the Good News are smaller, about 100 grams, taste, juiciness, quality of the pulp - all the rest is of the same excellent quality as that of the father's variety. The fruits are harvested at the end of September, and they can lie until the next harvest.

Natural dwarf apple trees

The main differences from the usual apple tree:

This winter variety was bred in the South Ural Research Institute of Fruit Growing.It looks like a completely bonsai tree: it is only 2.7 m high on a seed stock. The apples are medium-sized, shiny, yellow in color, with a ruddy side, with pronounced ribbing. The taste is very good. Begins to bear fruit early. Yields are large, more than 100 kg per tree.

Autumn variety with rather large apples with a wonderful sweet and sour taste. The height of a tree on a seed stock does not exceed 1.5 m.

Winter grade. The apples are light with a slight blush, slightly elongated, ribbed. Very tasty, with juicy sweet and sour pulp. Stored for up to four months.

The height of the tree is 2.5 m. Small, brightly colored apples ripen in autumn. They are juicy, sweet and sour, and taste very good. Their harvest can reach up to 130 kg per tree, and the Grounded One begins to bring it from 2-3 years of age.

Light yellow apples with a blush ripen in summer. They are quite large in size: about 130 grams, some specimens reach 200 grams, slightly ribbed, slightly flattened. Juicy, taste good. Winter hardiness is slightly lower than that of other dwarf apple trees.

The climatic conditions of the Urals are different in different regions of the region: in the northern part (Chelyabinsk region), especially cold winters and cool summers. Further south, in the Orenburg region and Bashkiria, winters are milder and summers are warmer. But, nevertheless, in general, the climate of the Urals is rather harsh, with frosts in winter. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully choose apple varieties, paying attention, first of all, to their adaptability to harsh climatic conditions.

For personal subsidiary farming, such varieties of apple trees are usually selected so that there are fresh fruits on the home table all year round. Given the fact that there are a great many varieties of this tree (tens of thousands), this is not difficult to do. So, for the gardens of central Russia, experienced gardeners recommend planting summer, autumn and winter varieties.

Each of the listed species has its own characteristics: summer varieties ripen early, but they have a short shelf life and, as a rule, are not suitable for long-term transportation. Autumn and winter ripen later, but they are well preserved, they are distinguished by good transportability.

Let's dwell on the most popular apple varieties suitable for growing in central Russia, in a temperate continental climate.

Winter

Antonovka ordinary

A well-known and popular variety, probably everyone has heard its name. The tree is large in size with a spherical, well-developed crown and strong main branches.

Average frost resistance. Grows best in moderately moist or irrigated soils. The beginning of fruiting is about 7 years.

It has a medium-high yield (150-200 kg per tree), which grows rapidly in the initial period of fruiting.

The apples are large (up to 150 grams or more), light yellow, round, with a pronounced aroma and juicy white pulp of a pleasant sweet and sour taste.

Fruit picking - September, then ripen within a month and a half. In maturation up to 4 months. Valuable raw materials for the confectionery industry: used in the preparation of marmalade, marshmallow, candied fruit.

Slav

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The tree is medium-strong, with a moderate, rounded crown. Good winter hardiness. Blooming later.

The onset of fruiting is early, often from 4 years of age. Productivity - up to 200 kg per tree.

Fruits are small or medium-sized (usually 60-65 g), round-shaped, yellow-green in color. The pulp is tartaric, tender and juicy.

Fruits are harvested at the end of September, then the apples of this variety ripen until mid-November, acquiring a yellow tint. Lie - up to six months. Suitable for long distance transportation.

Renette bergamot

A tree with medium crown density, vigorous, with strong main branches. It tolerates winter well in the middle lane. Flowering is medium early.

Productivity, as a rule, is high - up to 300-350 kg of apples from some especially fertile trees.

Fruits are medium or large (125 g on average), without ribs, onion-shaped.When picked, apples are green, but during storage they become yellowish, sometimes with a pink tint.

Fruit picking - end of October. Stored for a long time, up to 7 months. Do not deteriorate during long-term transportation. They are usually eaten raw.

Bogatyr

A tree with a rounded crown, low spreading. Average winter hardiness. Productivity is medium-high, usually 150-160 kg per tree. Scab resistant.

Fruiting from the age of 4-5 years.

Fruits of a large mass (on average 175 g, sometimes up to 350 g), ribbed, slightly conical in shape, light yellow in color with a blush. The pulp is fine-grained, white, sweet and sour, with a bright aroma, crunchy.

The apples are harvested in September or early October. Well suited for transportation.

Anise gray

A strong tree with a dense, wide, pyramidal crown. The branches are strong, withstand voluminous harvests without hassle. Lives for a long time, up to 80 years, there are also secular ones.

Anise gray is one of the best winter-hardy varieties for the central Black Earth Region of Russia. Early flowering.

The beginning of fruiting is 5 years old, yields are annually, although in the initial period they are low. Subsequently, it grows to the level of 300-350 kg per tree.

Fruits are medium or small (maybe 60 g), light green, round-flat. There may be a reddish smoky coating or stripes of the same color.

Anise gray is harvested in September, usually in the second half of the month. Lie until February.

Autumn

Kutuzovets

Medium-strong tree with a rounded, medium-dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy. Flowering - in medium terms, flowers tolerate frost well. Productivity - 45-60 kg per tree.

Fruits are medium-sized or slightly larger - 110 grams or more, yellow in color with a slight striped blush and large subcutaneous dots that form a "marble" texture.

The pulp is light-spicy, sweet-sour, juicy, dense, predominantly white.

The fruits are picked at the end of September, then ripening until December with the acquisition of the qualities proper to the variety. Lie down until spring.

Malt crusade

The tree is strong, with straight branches. The crown density is medium, round, can become spreading, loose with a good harvest. Flowering is medium early.

Fruiting age - from 6 years. In the initial period, it gives small yields, and mature trees can bear up to 350 kg of fruit.

The fruits are large - 100-140 g, ribbed, flat-rounded with a slightly conical upper part. The thick skin is yellow with a blush on the sunny side. Subcutaneous dots are visible on the surface, forming an original "marble" pattern.

Fruits are harvested at the end of August, sometimes at the beginning of September. Lie - up to 2.5 months. Transportability is good.

Bellefleur-Chinese

A vigorous tree with an oval-rounded crown of medium density. Average winter hardiness. Flowering occurs in medium terms. Productivity - up to 150-180 kg from an adult (14-15 years old) tree.

Begins to bear fruit from the age of 7 or 8. Fruits are large, often up to 200 grams or more, slightly ribbed, rounded. The color is golden, with red stripes, the surface is shiny. The pulp is fragrant and tender, white in color with spice and sourness.

Fruits are picked in early September. Lie down - until December. Transportability is good.

Orlov garland

A short tree with a dense, rounded crown. Good winter hardiness. Productivity - 25-50 kg per tree.

Fruiting begins at 4-5 years of age. The fruits are medium, usually about 90 g, the shape is turnip, the color is yellow with a reddish blush. The pulp is tender, white with a green tint, sweet and sour.

Fruits are harvested in mid-September. Lie down - until February.

Antonovka six hundred grams

Strongly developed trees with a medium-dense crown of an oval-rounded appearance. The leaves are large. Good winter hardiness. The yield of the variety is high - up to half a ton from one tree in some cases.

The beginning of fruiting is 7 or 8 years.

Fruits are yellow-white, ribbed.The pulp is white, tender, sweet and sour and juicy.

Fruits are harvested in mid-September. Unsuitable for transportation. Lie - up to 2 months.

Scarlet anise

A strong tree with a dense crown of a wide pyramidal shape. The branches are strong, well fixed on the trunk, able to keep a rich harvest. Long lasting.

Winter hardiness is high, but slightly worse than that of Anis gray. Early flowering.

Productivity is moderately high - up to 250 kg or more per tree. Fruiting occurs in the 5th year.

Fruits are medium-sized (about 70 g on average), slightly conical, reddish with a dove-gray pattern. The pulp is white with a green or pink tint, juicy, aromatic, dense. The taste is spicy, sour-sweet.

Fruits are harvested in late August or early September. Lying requires supervision - Anise fruits are prone to rot.

Russian rosemary

Powerfully developed tree with an oval-rounded medium dense crown. Winter hardiness is worse than that of Anis scarlet or gray, average. Flowering - medium-term, flowers are not afraid of frost. Productivity - 130-140 kg per tree.

Fruiting from 6-7 years. The fruits are large, 120-150 g or more, the color is light yellow, the surface is smooth, the shape is oval-round. The pulp is sweet and sour, juicy, the aroma is poorly expressed.

Fruits are picked in mid-September. Transportability is good. Lie - up to 2.5 months.

Borovinka

Medium-strong trees with a medium density spherical crown. The branches are not very durable, they can break with a good harvest, it is recommended to strengthen them. It is found everywhere - from Tambov to Bashkiria and the Samara region. Early flowering, good winter hardiness.

Fruiting - from 5 years old. The yield is growing rapidly, in mature trees it reaches 350 kg.

Fruits are medium-large (90 g on average), usually round or flat-round, with slight ribbing or smooth. The color is yellow-green, with reddish stripes and subcutaneous dots. The pulp is yellowish-white, sweet and sour, juicy.

Borovinka is collected at the end of August. Lie up to two months.

Twist (white, pink, Half twist)

The tree is vigorous and has a wide crown of medium density, there are also rare crowns. Excellent winter hardiness and good yield. Medium early flowering.

Fruiting - from about 6 years old. The yield in the initial period is low, then it can reach 250 kg per tree.

Fruits are medium-sized (usually up to 100 g), smooth and round-flat. Color - white and pink. The pulp is white, sweet and sour, juicy, astringent taste.

Fruit picking - early September.

Summer

White filling

White filling, or Pudovshchina, is a popular variety in central Russia. The trees are medium-strong, with a spherical crown of medium density. Medium early flowering. Productivity - 100-150 kg per tree.

The age of the beginning of fruiting is 5-6 years. Fruits are medium-sized or slightly smaller than average, light yellow. The pulp is sweet and sour, white.

The collection is carried out at the end of August. Shelf life for up to a month, but it should be borne in mind that the taste of this variety quickly deteriorates during storage. Eaten fresh or processed.

Terentyevka

The variety is zoned in the Urals and in the Middle Volga regions. The crown of the tree is spreading, rounded. The average yield is 100 kg per tree per year.

Fruits are below medium in size or small (usually about 50 g), rounded-flattened. The color of the apples is light green with a bright blush. The pulp is sweet and sour, the taste is average.

Fruit picking is carried out in August. Low shelf life - 10 days.

Mantet

The variety was bred in Canada, zoned for many Russian regions.

Medium-strength tree with a wide pyramidal crown. High winter hardiness, productivity - up to 150-170 kg per tree.

Mantet is a fast-growing variety, fruiting occurs at 4-5 years.

Fruits are medium or more than medium in size (from 100 g), round-conical, slightly oblong. Color - yellow-green with red blush. The skin is thin but firm. The pulp is fine-grained, sweet and sour, with a pronounced aroma.

Keeping quality is about a month.

Chinatown golden early

A medium-sized tree with a pyramidal crown. Excellent winter hardiness. Early flowering for the middle lane. Productivity - 100 kg per tree.

Early fruiting - at 4-5 years. Fruits are small (usually 30-40 g), yellow, round. Sweet taste.

Fruits are picked in late July or early August. Lie - up to 3 weeks.

Malt bagaevsky

The tree is strong, with a spreading, but medium-dense crown. Good winter hardiness.

Fruiting age is 7 years or even earlier. Medium-high yield - from 80 kg for the initial period, up to 200 kg for an adult tree.

Fruits are medium, white-ruddy, flat-rounded shape. The pulp is white, sweet and sour, tender and juicy.

Fruit picking - mid-August. Lie up to 40 days. Transportability is good.

Grushovka Moscow

A widespread variety in Russia. The trees are large, with an oval-elongated medium-dense crown, thick and strong branches. Differs in high frost resistance, good durability. Early flowering.

The fruiting period starts from 5 years. Medium-high yields - up to 250 kg per tree.

The fruits are small, with a thin skin. The pulp is yellow-white, sweet and sour, juicy and soft.

Fruit picking - August. They ripen unevenly, so they are eaten in several stages. Not suitable for long distance transportation. Lie - up to 1.5 months.

Folding

A vigorous tree with an oval crown. Leaves are light green. Winter hardiness is worse than that of Moscow Grushovka, average level. Flowering is medium-term.

The age of the beginning of fruiting is 4-5 years. Good, often annual yield (40-75 kg per tree).

Fruits are medium-sized, wide-ribbed, oval or round-conical in shape with a fold seam characteristic of this variety on one of the ribs. Color - light yellow, with green subcutaneous dots. The pulp is sweet and sour, white, juicy.

Fruits are harvested in early August. Lie up to a month. They are not easily transportable, therefore they are usually consumed fresh.