The best varieties of orchids

Perhaps, few flowers can be compared in beauty and unusualness with the outlandish beauty of the overseas orchid. No wonder in the 18th century this flower made a splash in Europe, and orchid varieties cost a fortune. The variety of species of these flowering plants is impressive, and if earlier they were grown in greenhouses and greenhouses, today orchids can be seen in the homes of many indoor flower lovers.

Description and characteristics of the orchid flower

In the wild, orchids are found on all continents (excluding Antarctica), with more than 30 thousand species of these amazing plants. The orchid family is the most numerous, it includes not only varieties, but also hybrids obtained thanks to the work of breeders.

ON A NOTE!

Orchids existed on Earth already at the end of the Mesozoic era (Cretaceous era).

The plant is rosette, has simple or alternate dense dark green leaves. The roots can be round or flat. Orchids have three types of root systems:

• lianas;
• epiphytes;
• lithophytes.

Inflorescences usually form in the axils of the leaves; the number of flowers on the peduncles depends on the variety. Inflorescences are either a brush or an ear, some types of orchids have single flowers. Orchid flowers are characterized by mirror symmetry, as well as a certain construction pattern: three petals and three sepals. One of the petals stands out in size - the so-called lip, which most often has a spur with nectar. The stamens are fused with the pistil, the anthers consist of nests (the number can be different - 2, 4 or 8). At the same time, pollinium is formed in each nest - glued pollen.

The sizes of orchid buds, as well as their shapes, are different: from tiny to giant flowers (up to 15-17 cm). The color scheme is varied, from rare sky blue to violet, purple and orange.

IT IS INTERESTING!

There are types of orchids that have very nondescript flowers, but attract attention with their luxurious multicolored leaves.

The plant is perennial; under appropriate conditions in the wild, the age of some orchid species reaches 80-120 years. Just as the sizes, shapes and shades of orchids are varied, the fragrances of this flower are so multifaceted. The smell is not persistent, but you can catch notes of coffee, rose, cinnamon, watermelon, vanilla, chocolate, citrus in it. There are odorless species, there are orchids with a very bright and strong fragrance, others have a barely audible aroma that unfolds only at certain hours of the day.

The types of orchids are different, and therefore the conditions for growing these plants are also different:

• cool mode (for Australian dendrobiums, cellogyne);
• moderately warm conditions;
• orchids that need constant heat (wandas, phalaenopsis, cattleya).

The flower is quite demanding on temperature, humidity indicators, type of soil (substrate), so not every grower decides to grow it. But today a large number of hybrid forms have been bred, which grow well at home, subject to the basic agricultural techniques.

How to identify an orchid variety by flowers

There are a great many species, varieties and hybrids of orchids, and it is not so easy to remember the names, as well as the features of certain varieties.

According to the type of growth, two large groups are distinguished:

• monopodial;
• sympodial.

The first group includes plants that have one (hence the name "mono") stem, right on which leaves are formed. Orchid flower buds form in their sinuses. The stem is straight, growing upward, while the plants of that group lack pseudobulbs.

The most common types of monopodial orchids are Phalaenopsis and Vandas. The latter can grow well and delight with flowering even without a substrate.

Sympodial species form several shoots that grow from the very base. The flowers are regularly renewed, as soon as one bud fades, new buds form for each change. These orchids have pseudobulbs that can be used as propagation material. This group includes the beauties of Cattleya, magnificent cymbidiums, unpretentious dendrobiums, as well as lelia and oncidium.

The group of orchids that have luxurious leaves (varieties Gudayera, Makodes and others) was named Precious.

Orchid varieties

The total number of orchid species has exceeded thirty thousand, and it is rather difficult to describe each of them. But there are those that are popular and widespread, so we will talk about them.

Calypso bulbous

Delicate, graceful, fragile - these are the epithets that are most often awarded to this magnificent type of orchid. Often Calypso because of the special shape of the flower is called "Lady's Slipper", as well as "Lady's Slipper".

The Calypso orchid grows in the cool forests of the northern territories, loves calm places. In Russia, this wonderful flower is protected (listed in the Red Book), unfortunately, it is rarely found in the wild.

Flowers are solitary, formed on a stem up to 18-20 cm high. The color of the petals is pink, lilac, red, violet, purple. There is a very pleasant aroma.

Reproduction takes place through bulbs or by germination of seeds (the scheme is complex, since this requires the presence of special fungal filamentous formations).

Wanda blue

One of the most luxurious types of orchids, at the same time it is the only plant, the petals of which are painted by nature itself in a sky-blue color. Forms a large plant with hard leathery xiphoid leaves, high peduncles.Belongs to epiphytes, forms powerful aerial roots. The flowers are large (up to 8-9 cm in diameter), against a blue background, an ornament is noticeable, which is an intricate ligature.

In the wild, there are more than a dozen different varieties of this variety, but two are suitable for greenhouses, growing at home, including the blue vanda. Demanding for light, regular watering. The juice of this flower is used in official medicine (as a component of drugs to improve vision).

Cymbidium eburneum

It belongs to one of the most popular varieties of the orchid family and is valued for its spectacular flowers. Cymbidium eburneum has an erect peduncle, which is crowned with a luxurious white flower with yellow spots. The homeland of this species is the humid forests of China and Burma; hybrid forms are most often found on sale.

The second name of the flower is "ivory", flowering begins in spring, needs abundant watering, spraying, moderate temperature. The aroma of flowers is bright and strong, reminiscent of the smell of the familiar lilac.

Odontoglossum cordate

A beautiful epiphytic orchid with elongated upper petals and a heart-like lip. On the yellow background of the upper petals of the flower, there are chaotic brown stripes and specks. The lip of the flower is pinkish with purple spots.

The plant is large in size, requires a high-quality substrate, moderate watering. It needs a lot of fresh air, therefore, in urban apartments, it is often grown on balconies and loggias. Cover from direct sunlight is required.

Habenaria radiata

This type of orchid is cultivated in Japan, China, Korea - in gardens, and also as a houseplant. In the Land of the Rising Sun, it is poetically called the White Heron Orchid, since the lip of a plant flower is very similar to the outstretched wings of a large bird.

The height of the habenaria radiata reaches 20-30 cm, the peduncle is high, strong.

The color of the petals is pearl white. The variety is considered quite whimsical, requires a certain temperature regime and special watering. Prefers a high level of humidity - up to 60-70%, does not tolerate drought.

Oncidium beautiful

Among the various types of orchids of the genus Oncidium, the beautiful oncidium stands out. This is a very large and beautiful orchid from the epiphytic group, forming straight peduncles. On each of them, 18-20 magnificent flowers of bright yellow color are formed. The upper petals of the flowers have maroon specks. The diameter of the flowers is up to 6-8 cm.

Young leaves of the beautiful oncidium have a green or grayish color, and in old plants they acquire a purple and even brown tint. The flowers have a pleasant aroma. This type of orchid is great for cutting and the flowers last up to three weeks.

Types of flowers

Orchids also differ in the types of root systems. Still, these are plants that grow in special conditions, significantly different from those that create ordinary indoor or garden flowers.

Epiphytic

This type of orchid in nature grows high above the ground, using trees and shrubs as supports and bases. They get food from the air, a small amount of soil, which accumulates in the hollows of trees, folds of bark, on the branches.

ON A NOTE!

Epiphytes should not be confused with parasitic plants. Epiphytic orchids do not feed on other plants, they only use them as support.

The roots of epiphytic plants are strong, elastic, and have a greenish or silvery hue. Such species of the orchid family are successfully grown at home.

Lithophytic

Somewhat different growing conditions in lithophytic species, forced to adapt to life among limestones, hard rocks, rocks, stones.

In general, their root system differs little from the epiphytic representatives of orchids, but most often this species prefers moist conditions.Such orchids bloom well if there is a sharp drop in daily temperatures, high humidity is observed.

In order to achieve flowering, they are often cultivated in special display cases. Some genera of orchids include both lithophytic and epiphytic species, as well as terrestrial ones. For example, cymbidiums are lithophytic and terrestrial.

Terrestrial

These types of orchids are similar in terms of growing conditions to other traditional flowers. They grow in the ground, the root system is represented by bulbs, cones or roots. In nature, such plants are common in the USA, European countries, in Russia, the height usually does not exceed 40-50 cm. Terrestrial orchids growing in the tropics are distinguished by the larger sizes of both the bush and the flowers.

Phalaenopsis

This genus of orchids is currently considered one of the most common. This is due to the fact that it is these orchids that can most often be seen in specialized stores, as well as the ease of care and unpretentiousness of the plants.

It is a representative of the epiphytic group, has shortened stems and a rosette of leathery leaves. Flowering can last up to 4-5 months. Due to the original shape of the flowers, Phalaenopsis is often called a "butterfly" or a "moth" orchid.

IMPORTANT!

All phalaenopsis are demanding on lighting. If there is not enough light, then the orchid will not bloom.

The plant requires a special watering regime (only after the substrate dries out), top dressing, a mandatory image after flowering.

Today, many different types of phalaenopsis have been bred (about 40), differing in flower size, color, shape.

Phalaenopsis Schiller

Plant of epiphytic type, grows in nature in the Philippines. It differs not only in the presence of beautiful flowers, but also in no less luxurious leaves. Peduncles drooping, long (up to 80-100 cm), a large number of flowers are formed on them. They open almost simultaneously, the diameter is from 6 to 9 cm. Shades of the upper petals: light or dark pink; lip shades: purple, red, white-green, purple.

Phalaenopsis Amabilis

This type of phalaenopsis is characterized by the presence of thick leaves (length up to 50 cm), large flowers (each can reach a diameter of 9-10 cm). With the right conditions, the plant can bloom throughout the year, with a peak usually in May. In general, an unpretentious look, but high humidity is required (60-70%).

On average, up to 15-20 flowers are formed on peduncles. They last up to six months, a very pleasant strong aroma is felt. The color of the petals and sepals is milky white with a pink outer side. There are yellow or purple dots on the lip of the flower.

Phalaenopsis Stewart

Orchid from Filipin, it is distinguished by abundant flowering and unpretentious care. It throws out long (up to 80-90 cm) branched peduncles, on which a large number of flowers are formed. The aroma is not harsh, weak, pleasant.

IT IS INTERESTING!

Phalaenopsis Stewart's record is the presence of 100 flowers on one peduncle.

Lateral petals and upper sepals are white, lateral sepals are also white with yellow spots and purple dots. The lip also has a beautiful golden color with numerous purple dots.

This type of orchid can bloom all year round.

Phalaenopsis Ludeman

This type of phalaenopsis requires warmth (up to + 34ºC in the daytime), high humidity. Peduncles are of medium length, flowers are variegated (pink, purple, lilac).

The peculiarity of the species is that the flowers bloom alternately, the diameter of each is up to 5 cm. Moreover, the petals are smaller in size than sepals, which is atypical for phalaenopsis.

The orchid has a pleasant scent. On each peduncle, up to 6-7 flowers are usually formed.

Phalaenopsis pink

This type of phalaenopsis belongs to miniature, but also has a lush flowering.Up to 15 flowers bloom on the peduncles - pink or white, reaching a diameter of 2-3 cm.

The color of the leaves of this species is original: the underside of them is reddish-green. Flowers bloom alternately.

Phalaenopsis Sandera

It belongs to the monopoid species and is a very rare flower. The name was given in honor of the famous botanist and orchid lover Henry Sander. This type of phalaenopsis is distinguished by its exquisite beauty: up to 40-50 flowers bloom on long drooping peduncles. The diameter of the flowers is up to 8 cm. Shades: from milky white to pale pink. The leaves of the plant, which have a variegated color, are also beautiful.

Phalaenopsis Sandera is considered not only rare, but also one of the most expensive among orchids.

Horse phalaenopsis

Beautiful, with purple flowers, Phalaenopsis equine, when created in good conditions, can bloom all year round. The peak of flowering occurs in spring and autumn, it is then that the largest number of magnificent flowers appears on the peduncles of this miniature orchid. Their diameter is up to 3 cm. The petals and sepals are pink, purple, lilac.

Phalaenopsis giant

This orchid blooms with a sweet citrus scent. Phalaenopsis giant got its name from its large leaves, the length of which in adult plants can reach one meter. This is the largest phalaenopsis species.

On long peduncles, up to 30 flowers are formed, the diameter is different - from 3 to 7 cm. Colors: cream, yellow, yellow-green with purple and red spots.

It is considered one of the most spectacular types. It is appreciated by breeders as a basis for crossing with hybrids and other species. At home, it is difficult to grow, special conditions are needed, otherwise flowering will have to wait up to 8-12 years.

Room

With all the variety of species of these wonderful plants, not all of them can be grown indoors. Therefore, having caught fire with the idea of ​​breeding orchids, you need to know about the most suitable species for the home.

Brassia

Orchid "Spider" - this is how that flower is affectionately called among the people. And all because her graceful flowers are very reminiscent of spiders.

This genus includes more than 50 different varieties.

Brassia flowers have thin narrowed sepals, shortened petals. Colors: brown, lemon, white, purple. In almost all types of brassia, specks are scattered on the flowers. Flowering is long, accompanied by a very bright and strong aroma (the smell is similar to that of daffodils).

Cambria

Three types of orchids (Miltonia, Brassia and Oncidium) "participated" in the creation of this magnificent hybrid. Cambria is often called the "star" because its flowers look like miniature purple stars.

The color of the petals and sepals is different: from pink to crimson and purple. The size of the flowers is from 1 to 10 cm. The plant is characterized by narrow leaves, the presence of a large number of pseudobulbs, and long peduncles. Among flower growers, it is considered the most unpretentious type of orchid. The hybrid was bred specifically for those who would like to grow an orchid at home.

Cattleya

This type of orchid is distinguished by its exquisite flowering and delicate aroma. The group includes more than thirty varieties, and a large number of hybrids have also been bred. The plant has long leathery leaves (up to 30 cm), original flowers of various shades: white, greenish, purple, crimson, lilac with various contrasting blotches.

You may be interested in:

Long flowering (up to 9 months). The flowers have a very delicate scent similar to lily of the valley.

Dendrobium

An orchid from the epiphytic group, the genus includes a huge number of species. Moreover, they all differ in size, shape and color of petals, as well as growing conditions.

In nature, dendrobium grows on trees, hiding in their dense crown.

Leaves are oval, medium-sized shoots, cylindrical. During the flowering period, this entire cylinder is covered with flowers.Shades: white, dark purple, pink, orange, purple, with spots and dots. The number of flowers depends on the variety, ranging from 30 to 100 pieces per peduncle. Almost all varieties of dendrobiums have a pleasant aromatic aroma.

Lycasta

This genus of orchids is a symbol of the state of Guatemala (Lykasta skinner orchid). The genus includes more than four dozen species of orchids, all of which have a pleasant delicate enchanting aroma.

Licasta is an orchid suitable for indoor cultivation. Peduncles are formed in bulbs, each has one or two large flowers. Petals and sepals can have different colors: yellow (main color), orange, white, pink, greenish yellow, pink. The main color scheme has contrasting spots, dots, blotches.

The lycast orchid is excellent in the cut.

Miltonia

Orchid epiphyte, which is often called "pansies". The genus miltonia includes about twenty different types of orchids. It is appreciated for its unpretentiousness and beautiful flowers.

It has large leaves and large flowers. Shades depend on the species, among the predominant ones: white-yellow, purple, pink, milky white, lilac. Many varieties of miltonia have petals with spots, stripes, dots, a border (on a white background - pink, on a yellow background - brown).

The aroma is pleasant. Miltonia is distinguished by long flowering.

Odontoglossum

This genus of orchids is distinguished by a very abundant flowering. Odontoglossum is a rare indoor plant, on the basis of which breeders have bred numerous hybrids.

It has flat flattened bulbs, thin leathery leaves of a linear shape. On long drooping peduncles, paniculate inflorescences are formed, each can have up to 15 flowers. The diameter of the flowers is up to 5-7 cm. The petals and sepals are narrow, have shades: burgundy, pink, yellow, brown, greenish. There are always spots, stripes (burgundy, brown). The orchid has a pleasant scent.

Oncidium

One of the most common genera of indoor orchids. Unpretentious, with regular flowering (if appropriate conditions are created).

Most of the flowers are yellow in color, although there are varieties with brown-red, pink and white petals (twinkle, tiger oncidium). The complex name translated from Greek means "tongue" and "tooth", which indicates the presence of special processes in this type of flowers.

Cymbidium

One of the most beautiful orchids that are grown in an apartment, as well as in greenhouses. The flowering plant has a very pleasant, delicate scent; it is not for nothing that the Chinese call cymbidium the "queen of aromas."

It has long leaves, drooping peduncles, luxurious large flowers. The color palette is very diverse: yellow, pink, white, purple, brown, green shades.

The largest species of cymbidium are grown in greenhouses for cutting. Picky enough to care for, it requires the creation of certain conditions (temperature regime, watering, illumination).

One of the most luxurious and colorful is the black cymbidium - an orchid with dark purple, almost black flowers.

Blue orchid

One of the rare hybrids obtained as a result of the selection work of scientists in Japan. Not available for sale.

The plant is characterized by small leaves, long peduncles, on which up to 25-30 buds of a pale blue color can bloom.

ON A NOTE!

Do not confuse this hybrid with orchids tinted blue and are, in fact, fakes (for example, blue phalaenopsis). Such plants do not exist in nature.

An exclusive orchid that can only be found in some collections of true orchid lovers.

Wanda

The genus of orchids, which is often found among flower growers, is valued for its easy care, beautiful flowering. It is believed that this name was given to the flower by the Indians of America.

The plant can reach one meter in height, forms a peduncle with a different number of flowers (from 3 to 15). Plants can produce up to 3-4 peduncles at the same time. Refers to monopodial orchids, does not form a bulb. Colors: lilac, blue, purple, pink white.

With proper care, flowering lasts up to 2-3 months, the plant blooms several times a year. The genus Vanda includes up to 50 species (comb, great, Suarez and others).

Yellow orchid

It is a hybrid species that was bred by breeders specifically for growing indoors.

The orchid is compact, with dark green leaves. On one stem up to 50 cm long, about 10-50 medium-sized flowers are formed. Their color is mainly yellow, although there may be blotches of pink (in the core or on the lip).

The flowers have a pleasant honey scent. With good and proper care, the orchid blooms for up to six months.

Phalaenopsis mini

One of the types of phalaenopsis, which is grown by so many growers. It is appreciated for its compactness, unpretentiousness, high decorative properties.

This species grows well in an apartment, private houses, blooms from spring to December. Usually forms one or two small, strong peduncles with many flowers. Shades: white, purple, lilac, violet.

Often it is this miniature flower that is used as a gift (phalaenopsis in a pot).

Dracula

A beautiful and unusual orchid with an exotic name Dracula leaves no one indifferent. The flower got its name for its resemblance to the mouth of a dragon, it also looks like a funny face of a monkey. It grows naturally in Ecuador, Peru. The genus includes a large number of different species, many of them are not even described by botanists.

Coloring of petals: yellow-white, purple, crimson, violet, purple.

The orchid has a special colorful look, eccentricity and is a real decoration of any collection of home flowers.

Bulbophyllum

A bright and beautiful orchid is one of the favorites of flower growers in many countries. The genus includes a huge number of species, only a small part is grown at home and in greenhouses.

On peduncles, depending on the variety, one or many flowers can form. In general, species of the genus Bulbophyllum

very different, differ in conditions of detention, shape and size, shades of colors, aroma. Colors: purple, orange, violet, brown. Aromas: coffee, bitter almonds, melons, honey, fresh cucumber. There are also types of bulbophyllums that have very unpleasant aromas (boiled cabbage, bleach, rancid meat).

Bulbophyllum is an unpretentious orchid that easily adapts to indoor conditions.

Caring for a home orchid during flowering

The agricultural technology of these wonderful plants has its own characteristics, so many believe that orchids are difficult flowers to grow. In fact, this is not entirely true, the main thing is to know the basics, and also to strictly adhere to the recommendations that are given for a particular species and variety of plants. Moreover, today there are many orchid hybrids that are created specifically for growing indoors.

Lighting

Not every type of orchid requires some kind of special lighting regime, usually the amount of light that passes through the windows of city apartments is enough.

Highlighting may be required in the dark season (especially for the North-West regions), as well as for plants that grow on the northern windowsills of the apartment.

ON A NOTE!

It is convenient to use fluorescent lamps.

Hemaria and phalaenopsis require the least amount of light, but for the cultivation of some species of dendrobiums, vandas that grow in light seasonal forests and on the tops of tropical trees, good illumination is needed.

Temperature regime

An important condition for the successful flowering of all orchid species is the creation of the correct temperature regime.

There are three main groups of orchids:

1. Plants that need to create lower temperatures in winter as well as in summer (at night). So, in the winter season, these orchids require a temperature not higher than + 4… + 7ºC, summer night should not be higher than +12 ºC. If such conditions are not created, do not wait for the flowering of such orchid species as laelias, cymbidiums, lycasts.
2. Orchids that are successfully grown in normal indoor conditions and for which + 15 ºC is quite enough (it can be slightly higher). Cattleyas, oncidiums - these are the species that are the most undemanding to temperature conditions.
3. Maxillaria, phalaenopsis, and some types of oncidiums need the most heat. The temperature should not be lower than + 16… + 17 ºC, and each type requires certain values. In order for plants to bloom, it is necessary to carefully study the temperature requirements of each species.

Watering

An interesting paradox: orchids are plants that generally consume small amounts of moisture, but at the same time, for flowering, it is necessary to strictly observe the irrigation regime for flowers.

IMPORTANT!

When determining the watering regime for orchids, it is necessary to take into account the type and level of humidity of the substrate in which the flowers grow and the level of humidity in the air.

When the plant is at rest, watering is practically stopped, during the period of intensive growth, it is increased. At the same time, the state of the substrate is monitored so as not to get an excess of moisture in it, stagnant water and, as a result, decay of flowers.

In terms of air humidity: most orchid species require humidity in the range of 60-80-%. It is difficult to create such conditions in apartments, but it is possible. For this, spraying of aerial roots of plants, as well as foliage with a spray bottle, is usually used.

ON A NOTE!

The time for spraying is chosen in such a way that the moisture has time to dry before evening and night. Also, do not spray plants that are in direct sunlight.

Transplant rules

In general, orchids do not need to be repotted frequently. A signal that it is time to "move" to a new pot - the roots become cramped, the soil has become less porous, and a white bloom is observed.

IMPORTANT!

Orchids do not like to be disturbed, so you should always calculate the volume of dishes and the quality of the substrate when planting.

Before transplanting the plant, it is carefully watered (about a day) so that the roots are more flexible. Old and dead roots are removed, the cuts are sprinkled with crushed charcoal.

If the plant has grown too much, then you can divide it, while for each part a separate container with a substrate must be prepared in advance. A drainage is required, as well as a special wire support for the orchid. The roots should be free, after which they are carefully sprinkled with a substrate. The orchid should be firmly attached.

After transplanting, gentle conditions are created for the plant:

• remove from bright rays;
• provide coolness and the right level of humidity.

Watering in the early days is optional, it is better to spray.

IMPORTANT!

The watering regime must fully meet the requirements of a particular type of orchid.

It is advisable to carry out all work with gloves, while transplanting different types of orchids should be in different gloves (so as not to spread possible diseases).

Reproduction

The most common method used for indoor propagation of orchids is vegetative propagation. This can be done both by dividing the bush, by cuttings, and with the help of stem offspring (for a plant with pseudobulbs).

1. Reproduction by children. Such babies are formed on the adventitious buds, as well as on the peduncles. They are separated as soon as their own roots form on the children. This is how phalaenopsis are most often propagated.
2. Division of the rhizomes of the bush. Usually this option is used when transplanting plants.The root is cut into pieces with a pruner, leaving several pseudobulbs on each division.
3. Division of the plant stem. Used in monopodial orchid species that do not form bulbs. In this case, they carefully divide a part of the plant stem, so that aerial roots are present on each part. Place the divisions in the substrate.

ON A NOTE!

Best of all, such divisions take root in sphagnum or wet sand in a special miniature greenhouse.

Bloom

Orchids usually bloom when they reach 2 years of age, but only if they are provided with the right growing conditions.

IMPORTANT!

When buying a plant in a specialized store, it is imperative to specify the age of the flower.

In order to make an orchid bloom, it is very often required to create a special temperature regime. Its peculiarity: temperature difference between day and night. Usually the difference is up to 8 degrees.

Another trick: reducing watering for two weeks.

As soon as the orchid begins to form buds, watering is increased; also, for many species, a higher stable temperature is required during this period. For flowering orchids, it is necessary to make supports so that the peduncles do not break.

Usually, most of the orchids pleases with flowering for several months. Flowering can be either continuous or in stages. Everything is conditioned and depends on the type of plant, species, age.

During the flowering period, rearrangement of orchids is not allowed, as this may result in the discharge of buds. It is recommended to maintain a stable irrigation regime, provide optimal lighting and temperature. If done correctly, the orchid will bloom for a long time.

It is also recommended for prolonged flowering to feed the plant about once every 7-10 days. For this, special means are used, in which potassium and phosphorus should prevail. All faded flowers are removed.

After the orchid has faded, the naked peduncle is carefully removed.

ON A NOTE!

After removing the peduncle, a small hole may remain. It is better to cover it with beeswax so that moisture does not get inside the orchid during watering.

Only a dried peduncle is removed, but if it has a green ending and has not wilted, it is not touched. It is likely that in the very near future it will begin to form buds again.

After the end of flowering, the orchid enters a dormant period. At this time, the plant can be transplanted; it is also required to create special conditions for watering, lighting, temperature. The dormant period lasts differently for all orchid species, so it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of each variety.

Reviews

Kira, Lobnya

Before my orchids bloomed (I grow phalaenopsis), I twice threw away purchased specimens, which simply simply died. But then I carefully studied all the information and seriously took up this exciting business. When buying, I recommend that you carefully consider the roots of plants (take only healthy ones), buy orchids in transparent pots, use special feeding. Their flowers are very pleasing, they decorate the house. But I would not call them unpretentious, after all, the orchid requires attention and care.

Lera, Vologda

I have several phalaenopsis growing. One works a real miracle, he bloomed himself, began to bloom again and on the baby he still released not roots, but two peduncles. They are also full of color - lilac, very beautiful. I organized props for them from knitting wooden knitting needles, it looks very beautiful and unusual.

In general, this type of orchid does not require special care, I like its simplicity. But it blooms - just a sight for sore eyes!

Irina, Kaluga

I have been growing orchids for a long time. I don't use lights, pallets, I just grow them in transparent pots. They stand in different rooms, on shelves, on the windowsill. I feed them regularly (once every 3 months) with fertilizers in sticks, water them carefully - I just put them in a tray for a while, and let them drink. I wipe the leaves with a damp cotton pad.Blossom constantly, grow both roots and leaves.

In order for an orchid to delight you with beauty and regular flowering, it is enough to follow a few basic rules:

Orchids love light and warmth. The ideal temperature for them is 18-22 ºC. Place the flower in a well-lit place, out of direct sunlight.

Orchids need very little water, it is enough to water it once a week (with water at room temperature). Some orchid varieties are recommended to be watered by immersing the pot in water for a few minutes. Then you need to let the water drain and place the flower in a planter or external pot.

Orchids do not like drafts, but do not place the flower pot in close proximity to heating systems (this can lead to dry roots).

The plant needs to be fed once every one or several months, adding a special fertilizer for orchids to the water for irrigation. The frequency and recommended feeding period depends on the variety.

Orchid roots do not require much space. Repot the flower only if it really doesn't fit in the pot anymore.

During the flowering period, orchids need to be looked after in the same way as during normal times. After the plant has faded, it is recommended to cut the peduncle.

Wanda

This type of orchid grows on trees, and its roots hang in the air or twine around tree trunks. Wanda is the only orchid in the world that is found in blue tones! Wanda roots function like sponges and are capable of absorbing a lot of moisture. In addition, they ensure that Wanda is firmly attached to the trees it grows on.

Wanda is represented by varieties with both small and large flowers and is distinguished by a wide variety of colors.

Care

Thanks to the aerial roots, the Wanda soil is not required - in it, her roots will rot. Wanda feels best in a glass vase located in a bright place.

This orchid should receive as much light as possible, but cannot be in direct sunlight during the summer months. The optimum temperature is 17-28º C. The wanda does not need to be constantly kept in water, it is enough to fill a vase with an orchid half an hour with warm water twice a week for half an hour.

The flowering period of Wanda lasts from six to eight weeks, after which the old flower stalk of the orchid must be completely cut off - after a few months a new one will form in its place. From March to September, it is recommended to feed Wanda with a special fertilizer for orchids, adding it to the water.

Dendrobium Nobile

This orchid variety belongs to the most hardy, "seasoned" variety, so its care is quite simple.

This orchid differs from other varieties in the nodal flower clusters that grow on the stem of each leaf. The fragrant flowers of this variety can be white, orange, red, purple, and also combine different colors.

Care

Dendrobium Nobile feels great in a bright place, but it should not be left in direct sunlight. The room should be cool, with a temperature of 15-20ºC, well ventilated.

Avoid over-watering - no more than 1 time in 5-7 days, when the soil has already become almost dry. It is useful to rinse the plant under the shower about 1 time per month.

The flowering period of Dendrobium Nobile begins in spring and lasts at least 8 weeks. From this time on, the plant needs to be given special attention - for its growth it will need humidified air, regular watering, monthly feeding and sufficient light and heat. When the orchid has faded, the flowers will fall off by themselves. The period between flowering usually lasts from eight to twelve months.

Transplanting this orchid is only necessary when it really doesn’t fit in the pot anymore. It is recommended to water abundantly for some time before transplanting.

Dendrobium

These orchids grow on trees and rocks.

The color scheme is presented in white, blue, pink, purple, red, yellow, green, brown and beige shades.

Care

Dendrobium Orchid thrives in a bright place, but not in direct sunlight. The ideal air temperature for these plants is between 18 and 22 ° C.

Water once a week, preferably with lukewarm water. Given that the roots of Dendrobium orchids are very sensitive, water should not accumulate at the bottom of the pot. Feed the orchids once a month throughout the year, reducing the amount of feeding during the winter months. There is no need to transplant Dendrobium orchids.

Dendrobium orchids bloom for eight to sixteen weeks. After flowering, cut off the peduncle at the base of the top leaf of the bulb and continue to care for the plant.

Cattleya

Cattleya is a national symbol of many countries, in particular Colombia.

Cattleya flowers can be either small or large. Cattleya has a pleasant scent, especially when grown in daylight. All orchids of this species have rather tough leaves. This is evidence that in natural conditions they are accustomed to the abundance of light and sun.

Care

In winter, it is recommended to water Cattleya every ten days, and more often in summer. Water the Cattleya Orchid until water bubbles stop appearing on the surface of the soil, then let it drain well and put it back in the outer pot. Once flowering is complete, continue caring for your orchid.

After flowering, you do not need to cut the orchid peduncle - a new shoot is formed in its place. It is recommended to transplant the Cattleya into a larger pot every two years - this will support its growth and flowering! The ideal air temperature for Cattleya is 18-22˚C.

Miltonia

For the shape and color of the petals, this beautiful orchid is also called Pansies.

Miltonia can be white, yellow, pink, red and purple. The most striking feature of this orchid is the semblance of a "mask" for which it received its affectionate nickname.

Care

During the spring and summer period Miltonia needs protection from the sun. During the day, she feels good at room temperature, and prefers coolness at night.

Make sure that the soil in the pot remains moist and does not dry out. Water Miltonia once or twice a week by immersing the pot in a container of lukewarm water. After watering, let Miltonia drain well before putting it back in its original place. In summer, feed your orchid once a month with a special orchid fertilizer by adding it to the water for irrigation. And fertilize once every two months in the winter.

After the orchid has faded, cut off its flower stalk and place the plant in a cool place for eight to ten weeks. During this time, Miltonia will form new flower stalks. It is recommended to transplant the flower once a year after the orchid has faded.

Oncidium

The second name of Oncidium is tiger orchid.

The flowers of the Oncidium orchid are most often about two centimeters in size. Each peduncle has a large number of small yellow or red-brown buds. However, there are also other shades of orchids.

Care

Oncidum does not require special care - it is enough to adhere to the classic rules. The ideal air temperature for the Oncidium orchid is between 16 and 22ºC.

The flowering period lasts from six to eight weeks, after the flower has faded, you need to cut off the faded peduncle from the lower side of the shoot. With good care, Oncidium will release new shoots, which will then sprout flowers. A faded shoot will not bloom again. Repot the orchid when the pot is too small for it. During transplantation, you can divide the orchid into two or three plants.

Papiopedilum

The Paphilopedium Orchid is also known as the Lady's Slipper.

Paphilopedium orchids come in a variety of colors, from yellow to red, and are often patterned.

Care

Unlike most orchids, Papiopedilum prefers shade. The ideal air temperature for plants with spotted leaves is 20 to 24 ° C, for plants with green leaves from 17 to 22 ° C. Water once a week, more often in summer, while being careful not to accumulate water on the bottom of the outer pot. Feed the plant once every two to three weeks, halving the amount of fertilizer recommended by the manufacturer on the label. Paphiopedilum does not like large pots, so it is recommended to replant it only once every three to four years, when the plant becomes too large.

Provided that new shoots and leaves grow well, once blooming, Papiopedilum can bloom annually. Each stem of this orchid blooms only once, after which it dies off, so the old stems should be cut as low as possible at the base.

Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis is the most popular orchid. In the wild, it grows on trees, but does not use their nutrients.

Along with the standard species, there is Phalaenopsis "multiflora" with many small flowers, as well as "grandiflora" with large, more than ten centimeters in size, flowers.

Care

The ideal temperature is 20-22 ° C, therefore, the water for irrigation should be at room temperature, while you need to make sure that it only gets on the ground, and not on the plant itself.

It is advisable to water the flower once a week in the morning. In winter, when the heating is turned on, it is recommended to spray the orchid with water, providing the plant with the necessary moisture, and from March to October, feed it with special fertilizer twice a month.

After the Phalaenopsis has bloomed, place the orchid in a cooler place to encourage new branches to form. After about two months, the orchid can be returned to its original place.

In order for the Phalaenopsis orchid to bloom again, it is necessary to cut off the faded branch over the second eyelet (the eyelet means a thickening on the stem). Start counting the eyes from the bottom. The orchid can bloom again in six months. Phalaenopsis can take aerial roots over the top of the pot - do not touch them, this is a sign that the Phalaenopsis is doing great!

Cymbidium

Most of the ancestors of the modern Cymbidium orchid grow in the Himalayas at an altitude of 1,200 to 2,800 meters. They can grow both on the ground and in trees.

Orchids Cymbidium with long narrow leaves, six or more flowers on long peduncles. The color range of Cymbidium orchids is very rich: from white, yellow, green, pink to red and brown. The older the orchid, the more branches it has.

Care

Place the Cymbidium in a bright place, but not in direct sunlight. Provide your orchid with fresh air, but keep it free from drafts and cold. Avoid extreme temperature changes, although the plant prefers cooler conditions at night.

Cymbidium should be watered immediately after purchase. Thereafter, water regularly once a week by lowering the pot with the plant in water for ten minutes. Allow the orchid to drain well without allowing water to accumulate at the bottom of the outer pot.

It is recommended to transplant the Cymbidium orchid in the spring, when the plant begins to grow.

Cymbidium blooms once a year, with a flowering period of four to six weeks. At the end of flowering, it is recommended to completely cut off the faded peduncle.

Orchid is a wonderful tropical flower. Possessing amazing charm, he instantly falls in love with himself, awakens incredible emotions in a person, allows him to become intimate with nature, to feel like a part of it. Today, you can not only buy an orchid as a gift, but also grow it yourself at home.This is not too difficult, but it is worth carefully studying all the nuances in order to prevent the most common mistakes. An exotic flower on a windowsill is not only beautiful. It brings good luck and happiness, has a positive effect on health, or, on the contrary, can harm, but this is very rare.

Description of the variety and characteristics

Orchid in translation means "like a butterfly (or a moth)." This flower growing on a windowsill instantly attracts attention. Many people think that it is very difficult to grow it and do not even try to do it. In fact, this is not the case. Yes, there are features, but even a beginner can cope with them.

An orchid is not just a flower. This is a way to change the life of the whole family for the better. Each of the varieties, and there are more than 35 thousand of them, are similar to each other, but at the same time it also has individual, sometimes cardinal differences. Moreover, they concern not only the appearance of the plant and the place of its "residence", but they are also found in the jungle on vines and in various reservoirs.

The smell ... It matters a lot. An orchid can smell like roses, exude subtle notes of oriental sweets, or create a rich aroma of chocolate in the room, etc. There are a lot of variations, but all of them are extremely useful for humans and can serve as an excellent, and most importantly, a natural and natural way of aromatherapy.

It is interesting! There are several types of orchids that never see sunlight during their lifetime. They live and develop under a thick layer of earth, and they bloom no worse than aboveground ones.

In natural conditions, the smallest orchid is literally the size of a thimble, and the largest reaches a height of up to 30 meters. Flowers are also amazing. There are miniature, and there are a meter in diameter.

In appearance, orchids can resemble a spider, they can look like the muzzle of a cute monkey, or they can scare, resembling a terrible vampire.

Today it is difficult to imagine that orchids were once called parasites and were deliberately destroyed so that they would not interfere with the development of more useful crops. Incredible popularity came to these plants in just a couple of centuries. Some are so obsessed with orchids that they put themselves in mortal danger for the opportunity to just look at a rare exhibit.

Not every variety is suitable for growing at home. Let's consider the most adapted hybrids for this. Why hybrids? Because they were specially bred for this.

This story began a long time ago, back in 1713, when a dried orchid sample was sent to a botanist as a gift. Later, he said that he felt some kind of inner shock that made him plant a dead plant in the ground. What was his surprise when the orchid came to life, and after a while it also blossomed!

Alas, positive cultivation experiences were extremely rare. Orchids did not grow either in greenhouses or in specially created greenhouses. A lot of work had to be done to get varieties that even a simple layman could grow.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The orchid is bred not only for beauty. A properly selected variety helps to improve performance, helps to relax after a hard day at work, improve family relationships, improve sexual energy, bring personal happiness and positively affect material wealth.

It is advised to place a pot with an exotic beauty in the matrimonial bedroom, as a last resort, in the living room, but in the nursery it is not always out of place.

The fact is that the orchid is often called the energy vampire. In a weak person, it sucks energy, but at the same time gives it to a stronger one.

Also, in some varieties, pollen has a narcotic effect. It causes drowsiness, some lethargy.

It should be noted that there are exclusively “female” orchids.They have a positive effect on the fair sex, help them awaken their natural charm, and improve their appearance. But besides this, there is a general improvement in health, the hormonal system is functioning perfectly.

For men, such orchids are contraindicated. They draw out all the energy from them and feed women with it. Such varieties help to find your soul mate, to attract the attention of the opposite sex, but after happiness is found, you need to get rid of such a flower. The best option is to give it to a lonely friend.

Anyone who is going to grow an orchid at home should understand that this is more than a plant. It is an individuality and should be treated accordingly. An orchid must be perceived as a family member from the moment the seeds are purchased and not lose respect for it, otherwise it is able to take revenge.

If a healthy plant begins to lose color, leaves curl, petals fall off prematurely, or the color does not come at all - there are two options. Either the conditions of detention are not followed correctly, or the owners have some problems and the flower is trying to ward off trouble from them.

It is interesting! Until now, in France, petals of one of the varieties of orchids are added to ice cream and various baked goods as vanilla, and more than a third of the varieties are used to prepare decoctions for headaches and pressure drops.

You have already understood that an orchid is not just a plant, it is an individual that requires special attention. If you decide to purchase this family member for yourself, study the most suitable options, ways to grow and care for them.

A remedy from which plants grow by leaps and bounds! Just water your plants with it ...

General rules and recommendations

There are many varieties of orchids and each has its own growing characteristics, but there are general recommendations that will help you get a healthy plant on the windowsill, regularly delighting you with a stormy color.

Lighting

We put this factor in the first place, because it is he who is of primary importance. The fact is that if there is a lot of light, the flower may simply burn out, and if there is not enough light, there may be no color at all.

You can determine the sufficiency of lighting by the color of the leaves. If everything is normal, then they will be of a normal green color, if there is a deficiency, the shade will become dark, if, on the contrary, it will first turn yellow and then become colorless, signs of drying out will begin to appear.

It is necessary to find the "golden mean" and most often this is obtained through experimentation.

Watering

For some reason, most people believe that if a houseplant has problems, then it does not have enough moisture. In the case of orchids, this error can be fatal.

There are no exact rules for watering. The schedule is compiled on an individual basis and depends on the length of daylight hours, the volume of the pot, the top dressing used, the air humidity and the ambient temperature.

This point is very important. Orchid roots cannot tolerate excessive moisture and even more stagnant water. If watering is insufficient, the beauty will let you know about this with darkened leaves, and if there is a lot of it, the leaf surface will begin to turn yellow, and the roots will rot.

Watering orchids should be done correctly. For this, pre-settled water is used. It must be heated to 38-40 degrees and the plant should be watered as if under a shower, allowing the water to drain completely and only after that it can be put into a pots. Some varieties are not watered. Water is poured into a pallet and the roots are given the opportunity to independently take the required amount. Some orchids are placed in a basin with pre-settled water for half an hour, then washed, allowed to drain excess moisture and placed back into the pot.

It is important! The soil must be saturated evenly. This will be achieved by pots with drainage holes distributed over the entire surface.

Soil and capacity

For normal growth and development of the orchid, it is recommended to use transparent containers. This will help to observe not only the state of the aboveground, but also the underground part of the plant.

After that, this transparent pot is immersed in a more attractive appearance. To do this, use decorative pots or just clay pots.

The shops sell a special mixture of soil for growing orchids. But it should be understood that it is far from universal.

Some varieties require replanting. If you read the article carefully, you probably noticed that we mentioned these miracle flowers as parasites. A parasite is one who takes root in another organism and survives mainly at the expense of it.

That is why some orchids require moss, tree bark, or blocks that mimic them in composition.

It depends on the soil whether the plant will be supported in an upright position, whether the roots will be protected from excessive moisture, whether a sufficient amount of oxygen will be supplied to the underground part.

Depending on the type of orchid, the soil can be solid, contain pieces of bark, coal, clay, or even consist of artificially created granules that do not have a single gram of earth.

When buying a soil mixture, carefully read what kind of orchid it was created for. By choosing the wrong composition, you immediately doom your pet to death.

Temperature and humidity

For normal life, orchids need to comply with the temperature regime. It is optimal if it will be +18 - +27 during the day and +13 - +24 at night.

The difference in performance is very important for these colors. If the temperature is the same in the house during the day and at night, you should not count on the rapid flowering of the orchid, and in general, it may not survive.

Experienced breeders advise everyone who wants to grow an orchid at home to equip two residences for it in advance (day and night). The main condition is that the place of stay at night should be 8-10 degrees cooler.

The air humidity should be increased and be at least 60%, and optimally - 80%.

This is easier than it sounds. In specialized stores, you can find pallets for growing orchids, but making them is easy and yourself. Water is poured at the bottom, gravel is poured on top, and only then pots of flowers are placed.

It is very important that the roots do not touch the water, and it must also be fresh. If it stagnates and mold appears, you need to prepare for the death of the plant.

Advice! If you are going to grow orchids, get a special fan. Drafts are dangerous for the plant, but normal air circulation is necessary for full life.

Top dressing

Fertilizers are a prerequisite for the full development of orchids. This procedure should be carried out at least once every 10-14 days. Specialized drugs are sold in flower shops and the rules for their use are described in detail on the packaging, but again we emphasize that orchid and orchid are different. If you use a remedy for a flower intended for a different variety, it can be fatally damaged.

Transplant rules

In a properly created atmosphere, orchids live for years, only they need to change the pot regularly.

This procedure must be performed after the plant has bloomed and took a breath from this for some time.

The first sign that a transplant needs to be done is the greenery of the underground part that has grown outside the pot.

Transplant the orchid carefully. The pot is usually cut or smashed, the rhizome is held in place. After the old roots are removed, and the updated plant is moved into a container 2-3 sizes larger than the previous one, after carefully shaking off the old soil.

Important! When replanting, make sure that the growth point is above the soil.

Orchids reproduce by seeds and division. The first method is rarely successful at home, because requires not only a lot of work, but also absolute sterility.But the division is quite realistic to carry out, only by purchasing the plant you like, do not rush. Let it take root, you can propagate it no earlier than in a year and only an absolutely healthy flower.

Orchid varieties

Orchid lovers often tell a variety of stories about their favorites. So, once at an auction, a flower was sold for 4.5 thousand dollars. He so captivated the participants with his beauty that no one was even interested in the name and real value, everyone just wanted to become its owner.

Today, this dream is more than achievable. And the cost of a flower, although not a penny, is quite affordable. It remains only to make a choice in a varied assortment.

Let's consider briefly the most popular varieties.

Callipso bulb

This type of orchid is found in Mongolia, Japan, Scandinavia, China and some other countries. It reaches a height of no more than 20 cm, but more often it grows up to 8-10. Loves partial shade and high humidity, prefers loose, nutritious soil, loves coniferous litter.

The pink flower with various patterns on the petals exudes a delicate aroma.

Often affected by slugs. To protect against them, a groove must be dug around the plant and filled with water.

Propagated by seeds and bulbs. It can be grown at home, but at the same time it is fragile, because creating a natural environment for her is quite difficult.

Wanda blue

This orchid comes from Asia. And there she is simply deified. As soon as this flower is not called. And the breath of the wind, and the whisper of leaves, and the gentle flutter of the bird's wings - all this is about her, about the blue Wanda.

The orchid is famous for its incredible exotic beauty, and you can determine the belonging to the variety by the roots. They are very powerful, in their youth they have a rich green color, and then they begin to become covered with a gray bloom - velamen. It is due to him that orchids of this type always get a sufficient amount of nutrients from the soil, and are also not afraid of damage by pests.

Reaches a height of up to a meter and is often grown for sale. Blooms up to one and a half months, even when cut.

At home, it requires the creation of as close to natural conditions as possible. If you organize good care, then it will bloom several times a year, but for this you need to provide watering, fertilizing and sufficient lighting.

Cymbidium eburneum

This evergreen can be found in Australia and Asia. Surprisingly, it feels great even at an altitude of more than 2000 meters above sea level.

It reaches a height of up to one and a half meters. The inflorescence can be represented by one or more flowers. The petals are monochromatic, against their background one three-lobed one stands out sharply. It is usually brightly colored and resembles a butterfly or moth that flew in to feast on pollen.

Under properly organized growing conditions, it blooms for up to 3 months, but once a year. Lives up to 7 years.

During the flowering period, it requires abundant watering, but without stagnant moisture. If this is not ensured, it may die.

Odontoglossum cordate

Representatives of this variety are found all over the planet, but they still give preference to tropical and subtropical climates.

A distinctive feature is the growths at the base of the petal, similar to teeth. Basically, it reaches a height of no more than 20 cm, although sometimes giants are also found, up to a meter tall.

The species crosses well, so most likely you will not find a clean one in stores. But this is also for the best. Using varieties adapted to the conditions, it turns out to grow a great flower without much hassle.

The undoubted value of the orchid is its high decorative qualities. It is often used to decorate rooms, not on window sills, but in different parts of the room.

Habenaria radiata

This is a very rare orchid species. At the sight of such beauty, no one can even think that she is an inhabitant of swamps and polluted water bodies.

In Japan, this species is called "white heron" and indeed, it resembles a bird that has spread its wings and is about to take off. The flower is not alone. There can be from three to eight of them on the stem. This largely depends on the age of the orchid.

An amazing miracle of nature is rarely found at home, but it does not have any particular difficulties in growing. And most importantly, it multiplies quite quickly. Up to 3 additional tubers are formed per year, which can be used for breeding.

A distinctive feature, in addition to the original appearance, is the so-called hibernation. As soon as the air temperature drops to 15 degrees at night, the plant sheds its leaves and many have the impression that it has died.

In fact, this phenomenon is temporary and breeders are even happy with such a feature, because in winter it practically does not need to be looked after.

It quickly adapts to environmental conditions, you just need to choose the right soil.

Oncidium beautiful

Breeders still cannot decide what to compare this type of orchid with: either with a flock of moths with multi-colored wings, or with miniature pupae, whose movements are controlled by an invisible hand.

Reaches up to 50 cm in height, blooms 1-2 times a year.

Several flowers bloom on the stem at once, the diameter of one is from 1 to 12 cm.

At home, it occurs quite often, but requires strict adherence to the rules. For cultivation, you must follow the downright step-by-step instructions.

Each orchid variety that we examined above exists in nature from several hundred to several thousand, plus hybrids, which breeders worked on breeding.

Types of flowers

There are an incredible amount of orchids on the planet. There is simply no way to give a name to everyone, therefore, for convenience, they are divided into large groups, focusing on the place of "residence".

Epiphytic

These orchids grow above the ground. Often attached to trees. All the necessary substances are obtained from the air or absorbed from the bark. Their roots are airy, thin, tender and more like shoots.

Lithophytic

This species is located on stones, often found on rocks, and can also choose a place for itself on fallen trees. It is fastened quite reliably thanks to a special root system that braids the selected surface. They feed on organic matter or minerals coming from the air.

In turn, epiphytic and lithophytic orchids are divided into:

• sympodials that grow horizontally. A characteristic feature is the termination of shoot growth after reaching a certain length and the development of new branches;
• monopodial, which grow in length indefinitely and are located vertically from the point of growth.

Terrestrial

These orchids get their nutrients from the soil. A characteristic difference is a powerful root system, resembling tubers in appearance. Over time, they become larger, babies appear that can be used for reproduction, and "adults" acquire a gray plaque from dead cells. It helps to extract a sufficient amount of nutrients from the soil, and most importantly, maintain a normal level of moisture.

Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis include epiphytic and some lipophytic orchids. Under natural conditions, they are found in the humid forests of Australia and Southeast Asia. But at the same time, it is they who are most often bred not only in botanical gardens around the world, but also at home.

The characteristic features of phalaenopsis are evergreen leaves, sometimes with a very beautiful marble pattern, aerial roots, rich in chlorophyll and reinforced with a thick layer of velamen, a shortened stem.

There are more than 70 types of phalaenopsis. Let's consider the most popular ones.

Schiller

The orchid got its name in honor of the famous consul (E. Schiller). It was brought to Europe in 1860.

Under natural conditions (mainly on the crowns of tropical trees) it is practically invisible, because even during the color it merges with the surrounding nature.

The roots are long, curved, covered with a grayish bloom. There is a beautiful marble pattern on the leaves. The peduncle is red-brown, can reach up to a meter in length and consist of 15-30 pale pink flowers with a pleasant delicate aroma.

It can bloom all year round. One of the main conditions of keeping is to cut the peduncle as soon as the petals begin to crumble. This helps the plant to conserve energy.

At home, it requires a temperature difference between day and night up to 8 degrees, maintaining a humidity of at least 50%.

The plant should always be moist. Water with lukewarm water only and avoid liquid stagnation.

Amabilis

The name of the orchid translates as "pleasant" or "adorable". Under natural conditions, it occurs in open plains where there is enough light and air. The most common habitat is abandoned coffee factories in the Philippines, Australia and some other countries.

The peduncle can be up to a meter in length; branching is also often observed. You cannot delete it. This is done only after noticing clear signs of withering away.

Having decided to breed Amabilis at home, stock up on a humidifier. This is a prerequisite. The humidity should be around 80%.

The peduncle holds 20-30 flowers, each of which opens in turn and exudes a very delicate scent.

Stewart

This orchid is named after the famous explorer of these wonderful flowers. It is found in tropical forests, as well as near the sea coast.

It has a very powerful root system (each root is soft olive at the end). The stem is short and completely covered with leaves covered with a beautiful pattern.

The peduncle is long, holding up to several dozen flowers at the same time. The smell is very subtle, barely perceptible.

Blooms for up to a month, but with good conditions throughout the year. Loves warmth, shade and high humidity. It is not recommended for beginners for growing, because requires certain skills.

Luddemann

Named after the breeder who first managed to achieve its flowering at home. It has long oval-shaped leaves, pink-purple flowers with a rich color closer to the center (on the average 5-7 pieces are located on the peduncle), which open alternately, a pleasant aroma.

It blooms for up to one and a half months and almost all year round, although some breeders specifically create conditions for it that cause hibernation. For normal life, high humidity is required - up to 80%.

Propagated by children, requires regular feeding with special fertilizers.

Pink

This is one of the smallest orchids. A peduncle up to 20 cm long holds no more than 15 flowers of a pale pink shade with a bright diamond-shaped center.

In natural conditions, it is found along rivers in the Philippines. At home, it needs to maintain high humidity and stable temperature.

Sander

This is one of the most beautiful and most expensive orchids. The stem is about 20 cm long. It has powerful dark green leaves with a beautiful pattern.

The peduncle can be up to a meter long and 15-50 flowers with a subtle aroma are kept on it.

The orchid is beautiful, but its population is sharply declining. Perhaps the reason is the changing climate on the planet.

At the moment, attempts to withdraw at home more often end in failure.

Horse

This species got its name for the gradually lengthening peduncle, which, under proper conditions, can reach enormous sizes.

The characteristic difference is the color of the petals. It can be in all shades of purple.

Like many other phalaenopsis, it needs feeding, maintaining temperature and humidity.

Giant

From the name it is clear that this is the largest representative of this family.

The stem is completely hidden by thick, fleshy leaves of a rich green color. Each of them can reach up to a meter in length, and up to 40-50 cm in width. There are several peduncles. Due to this, 100 flowers can bloom at once on each plant.

The smell is pleasant, citrus. Petals of a delicate shade with reddish-brown spots.

It grows slowly. Blossom can begin in 5-6 years. It is rare in indoor conditions. More often he is a resident of greenhouses and botanical gardens.

Room

Anyone can grow an orchid at home. You just need to choose the right variety and create all the conditions necessary for it.

Brassia

The homeland of this species is the tropics, but the orchid takes root well at home. She is often compared to a spider. Indeed, outwardly, thanks to the special shape of the petals, it resembles this insect.

The perennial has dense leaves, a short stem and many nearby bulbs.

On the peduncle there are 15-20 flowers. The color is different. It can be white, and lemon, and brown, and deep purple. The smell is strong, pronounced, very reminiscent of daffodils.

There are more than fifty subspecies.

Beginners are advised to buy a ready-made plant, and only when the skills of care appear, to reproduce. To do this, in the spring, during intensive growth and development, the bush is cut into several parts, the places of the cuts are sprinkled with charcoal and transferred to a prepared pot.

Important! There should be at least 3 adult bulbs on the bush.

For the soil, moss, pine bark, real charcoal are used. The soil must be disinfected regularly. To do this, it is gently shaken off the roots and kept in a water bath for 10 minutes.

Brassia is classified as an unpretentious plant. It is best to place it on the windowsills from the western or eastern part of the building, so that there is enough light and direct sunlight does not fall on it, otherwise there is a risk of burns.

Watering is carried out by immersing the pot in settled and heated water for half an hour. After that, the flower must be held in weight so that the excess liquid is glass.

The spider mite poses a threat. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly use not only fertilizers, but also chemical agents that protect against pests.

Cambria

This hybrid was artificially bred and incorporated the best features of its predecessors. Bright colors, pleasant smell, interesting variegated patterns characterize all types of cambria.

The plant is unpretentious, but there are certain nuances in its care. For example, temperature fluctuations should be avoided. More than 5 degrees, the difference between daytime and nighttime can be disastrous.

Watering is carried out only at the root. Spraying leaves and petals is prohibited.

But the top dressing should be both root and foliar. This is a prerequisite for normal development.

Cambria blooms once a year. This is a sign of full functioning. If the color does not form, then the conditions of detention must be revised.

Cattleya

This orchid is often referred to as the queen. She earned such a high status due to the combination of an amazing appearance, indescribable beauty of flowering and a magical aroma.

The color can be different. There are both white cattleya and deep purple.

Only an adult plant blooms. So do not rush to change growing conditions if your Cattleya did not bloom in the first or second year.

It should be placed on a well-lit windowsill. When buds begin to form, it is advisable to provide them with direct sunlight.

Temperature drops up to 8 degrees are permissible, but they do not need to be specially created.

Dendrobium

Translated, the name means "living on a tree." This orchid is very airy, reaching a height of 40 to 90 cm.

Flowers have different colors and are rather large in size. The plant is upright, so sometimes special props are required.

Loves humidity and normal air temperature with natural fluctuations between day and night.

Direct sunlight should be avoided so that the plant does not get burned. Ideal if you move it regularly from windowsill to windowsill.

They are fed only during the period of active growth 2-4 times a week.

In winter, it hibernates, wakes up in March.

Lycasta

This variety is rarely found on the market and the reason for this is the size. Although the undoubted advantage is the unpretentiousness of growing, so many are trying to buy sprouts or seeds of this particular type.

This orchid can be grown on a windowsill, in a winter garden. A pot with an adult plant can also be placed on the floor. Just make sure that the lighting is sufficient.

The main growing conditions are uniform watering (carried out at the root and sprayed with a spray bottle) and top dressing in the spring after hibernation.

You should also provide normal air circulation, but avoid drafts.

Miltonia

This type of orchid is very beautiful, but at the same time it has a reputation for being a capricious flower.

No more than 5 hours of sunshine is needed per day. But it must be scattered, the direct hit of the rays is unacceptable. Backlighting with a lamp does not always satisfy the need for lighting, therefore, the plant often dies, even if the owner takes a lot of work to grow it.

Loves cool temperatures. In the heat, it can also die. The air should not heat up more than 22 degrees. In this case, the humidity should be maintained at a level of 50-70%.

You have to be very careful with the roots. They are thin, weak, the slightest damage can lead to serious consequences.

Odontoglossum

A very beautiful orchid with an original leaf shape and amazing decorative coloring. This effect is obtained as a result of the crossing of species, which occurs in natural conditions and with the help of breeders.

The flowers are not located along the entire stem, but are collected in a brush, which gives the plant even more charm.

One of the important growing conditions is to ensure full hibernation.

To do this, the flower is transferred to the pantry or to the balcony. Just not abruptly! To change the temperature, you need to cook it gradually, harden it.

Needs protection from insect pests. For this, insecticides are used.

Oncidium

Outwardly, this orchid resembles a bunch of butterflies or small pupae that begin to dance at the slightest breath of breeze.

There are no clear rules for caring for this species, it all depends on the subspecies. The differences can be dramatic.

That is why oncidiums are rarely found in beginners. Most often they can be found among professionals who have been growing orchids for many years and create real collections.

Cymbidium

The characteristic feature of this type of orchid is a drooping raceme with several flowers. The color range is very wide, the size of the plants is different, the scent is also different.

Cymbidium requires special growing conditions. For him, you need to prepare a wide window sill on a well-lit part of the house, but at the same time so that direct sunlight does not fall on it. The flower does not like cloudy weather, changeable climate too.

Watering and feeding issues depend on the type of cymbidium. Sometimes it is difficult even for a professional to grow it at home.

Blue orchid

Sometimes these flowers become the cause of real controversy. Some argue that such a bright color cannot exist in nature and that they paint the petals with special solutions.

In fact, there is such a variety and it is a huge success. Cultivation has no particular difficulties. And the blue color, combined with a pleasant aroma, helps to create a unique, very comfortable atmosphere in the house, and has a positive effect on the health of all family members.

Just be prepared for the second bloom to be white.Real blue orchids are very expensive. Most stores do sell painted versions. You can buy them. If everything was done correctly (there is a patented technique for staining), then the orchid will grow normally, and re-staining can be done independently.

Yellow orchid

An excellent choice for growing at home. A long-flowering yellow orchid with a rich honey aroma will not only become the main decoration of the windowsill, but will also be the very secret that every housewife acquires, creating a unique comfort in her home.

It reaches a height of up to half a meter. It can be placed on either side of the house, but it is desirable that there is enough light. In a cloudy season, it normally perceives additional lighting, it can even do without it.

The only requirement is watering. Water should be poured into the tray twice a week. The roots will take the required amount of moisture on their own.

Phalaenopsis mini

These wonderful flowers have already won the hearts of many people. They were bred specifically for home cultivation. Outwardly, they somehow resemble violets, so in the store some do not even notice them.

The undoubted advantage is its unpretentiousness. The mini orchid pots can be placed anywhere in your home or office.

They bloom quite often, the smell depends on the color. It can be both intensely spicy, and have citrus notes, and sometimes it can be almost elusive.

Watering such beauties is carried out at the root. Care must be taken so that the leaves do not start to wither. This could be a sign of excessive moisture.

Dracula

The slightly intimidating name of this orchid explains the flower's eccentric appearance. It is also sometimes called Chimera and Monkey's face. Representatives of the variety actually resemble all of the listed individuals.

In the natural environment, it is found in Ecuador, and for growing indoors it requires the creation of a special climate that resembles natural as much as possible. This is very difficult to achieve, therefore such an orchid is very rare even in greenhouses.

Without special skills, you should not even try to grow it yourself.

Bulbophyllum

This sprawling orchid can be grown at home with little or no problem.

The color of her petals can be different, but more often pastel colors prevail. Bright are rare.

The main condition for growing is watering. Rather, not watering, but maintaining a normal moisture level. It should be as close to natural as possible. And in the natural environment, this variety is found in the tropics and does not experience a shortage of water, because there the humidity is increased and it rains regularly.

It is necessary to water the whole plant, paying attention to both the roots and the aboveground part.

You should also change the substrate regularly. This is much more important than feeding and fertilizing.

Caring for a home orchid during flowering

Why plant orchids? To enjoy their amazing color. But such an award goes only to those who make the effort and strictly follow the rules of cultivation.

Unfortunately, orchid lovers often make the same mistake. As soon as the pet blooms, they reduce the attention given. The result is immediately invisible. It will manifest itself later, when either the next flowering does not occur or the plant becomes sick.

There are no particular difficulties. The main thing is that during this crucial period of its life, the orchid does not experience stress associated with changes in conditions. The care should be exactly the same as before the color appears, only the dressing should become more active.

This is a general rule, but each variety has its own characteristics, so you should carefully study the growing rules, paying special attention to the flowering period and after it.

Lighting

The amount of light is one of the primary requirements of orchids.Most often, they are recommended to be placed on window sills, where there is a lot of daylight, but there is no direct sunlight. When the orchid blooms, it is undesirable to change the "place of residence". But some varieties do not like excessive light during this period, so you can simply darken it with a curtain or create a protective plastic barrier for the orchid.

Artificial lighting is rarely recommended.

Temperature regime

There should be no temperature changes during flowering. You do not need to take it out into the street to show off your achievements, you should not ventilate the room too often. It is also best not to use conditioner.

The orchid should feel absolute comfort during flowering. Any change can be perceived by her as a danger, and in this case, the color will fall off.

Watering

During flowering, most orchids are recommended to be watered not only at the root, but also sprayed with a spray bottle. But again, it all depends on the variety. For some, the intake of moisture on the leaves or petals is categorically contraindicated.

The water should be at room temperature, be sure to make sure that there is no stagnation, the drainage holes in the pot are regularly cleaned.

Pest control

There is a very important point during flowering. Pests can come to the smell. The orchid is threatened by the same insects as other houseplants. Most often these are spider mites and aphids. To protect your pet from misfortune, it is necessary to carry out regular treatment with special preparations, and during the color, when these activities are prohibited, regularly examine the petals, the outer and inner sides of the leaves, and the soil. It also does not hurt to place some deterrent next to the pot. It can be an onion and garlic broth, or just a husk. You can fill a decorative bag with them so that they do not spoil the appearance and overall impression.

How to identify an orchid variety by flowers

Orchid .. That's all that an ordinary person knows who buys a wonderful flower in a store. Whether for a gift or for himself - there is no difference. If you want the beauty not to die in a couple of months, you must definitely find out which species it belongs to, or even better, get complete information on growing and care.

At specialized points of sale, a label is usually attached to the pot, where you can read all the necessary information, the main thing is not to throw it away.

Another option is to look for a similar photo on the Internet or take a picture of a new family member and go to a florist's club, where they can suggest the rules and answer all questions.

An orchid is a flower that requires attention, but in response to care, it will thank you with no less warmth and love.

Interesting Facts

Not yet decided which orchid to choose? Take note:

• red and purple flowers help to overcome laziness, significantly increase efficiency, provide a supply of energy and vigor, strengthen willpower. Those who are losing weight need to be put in the kitchen, who want to start life from a new leaf - at the workplace;
• yellow orchids help to realize themselves professionally, achieve career growth, increase material wealth;
• orange orchids prevent apathy and depression, help to find inspiration, encourage an active lifestyle;
• white, pink and beige orchids should be placed in their room for girls, they will make them more feminine, help to attract the attention of the opposite sex.

The orchid is a real member of the family. Treat her with respect, provide full care and notice how your own life gradually improves, how it begins to play brighter with colors, how many joys appear, how you become a truly happy person.

No related posts.

Orchids include many species that differ in color, origin, conditions of detention... However, among them there are also large varieties, some of simply huge sizes.

This article will focus on them, as well as on the features of caring for such unique flowers.

Description and growing area

The Orchid family is one of the most numerous on Earth. These plants inhabit almost the entire planet.: they are subject to the climate of the tropics and even the subantarctic. Orchids can grow on trees, moss, soil, mountains, etc.

The only place where they are not yet available is the cold shores of Antarctica. Basically, most varieties are found in Australia, Asia and America. This is due to tropical and subtropical latitudes, which create optimal conditions for the growth and reproduction of orchids.

One of the largest, perhaps, can be called epiphytic orchids. These are plants that grow on the bark of trees, can exist at a fairly high altitude. They are not parasites, and use the trunk of a tree in order to get higher up to the sun's rays.

Note! Most varieties of such orchids live for more than 50 years, they feed from the air (tropical rain, sun rays, etc.).

Among the most popular varieties are Wanda, Vanilla, Phalaenopsis, Cattleya, etc. Let's consider them in more detail.

The largest orchids in the world

Natural

Tiger

The tiger orchid is unique for its vibrant coloration., in addition to the unique structure of the flower, it has a "tiger camouflage", which distinguishes it from other Orchids.

It grows mainly in the tropics, requires increased care.

Tiger orchid.

Cattleya

Differs in huge blossoming buds... Today there are about 30 varieties of this variety... Scientists managed to cultivate it in artificial conditions back in the 19th century.

Cattleya Vanilla is considered the most popular: its flowers reach 15 cm and have a delicate pleasant vanilla aroma.

Also known Cattleya, which differ in the structure of their flowers:

• Lipped;
• Two-leaf;
• Big.

Cattleya.

Giant cymbidium

Cymbidium belongs to epiphytic orchids, has pseudobulbs, which are covered with a large number of leaves, their length can be up to 60 cm.

On the peduncle of Cymbidium, on average, about 15 buds, which in bloom reach 12 cm in diameter, have a delicate pleasant aroma.

Shade from yellow-green to deep red, lip - small stripes or spots of purple.

Cymbidium.

Wanda

Differs in its versatility of colors. Wanda blue is considered the most graceful. In nature, it occurs in the form of a liana with a long trunk.

Today scientists are trying to achieve the breeding of the so-called "home" varieties of Wanda.

Wanda.

Dracula

Dracula has an unusual flower shape that resembles the face of a monkey. It grows mainly in Central and South America and belongs to epiphytic orchids. Inhabits moist soil in forests or tree trunks.

The flowers have different colors, however, they are all small in size.

The uniqueness of this variety is that it absolutely does not tolerate bright light and high temperatures, blooms at any time of the year, has no bright dormant periods.

Dracula.

Hybrid

Phalaenopsis

Amabilis

Phalaenopsis Amabilis is considered one of the largest orchids in the world. It grows mainly in Australia and Asia. It can reach sizes over 1 m in height, the size of the blossoming buds is about 9 cm, they are white in color.

Blossoms preferably in summer (this is due to natural conditions). While maintaining certain conditions flowering may not stop for several years in a row.

Orchid in a large pot (photo by F. Amabilis).

Sander

Phalaenopsis Sandera is the most expensive and beautiful orchid variety. This phalaenopsis variety grows in the Philippines.

It has short stems, but the peduncles reach sizes up to 1 m, on which up to 50 buds arise. Each blooming flower is up to 9 cm in size.

Blooms mainly in the summer.

Sander.

Giant

The giant phalaenopsis is considered the largest and most spectacular of all orchids of this species. The size of the leaves of a simple giant - up to 1 m in height and 40 cm in width. The size of the peduncle is from 40-50 cm, up to 30 flowers are formed on it, 7 cm in diameter.

The colors are absolutely diverse: from cream to deep red speckled. The blossoming buds have a pleasant sweetish scent, reminiscent of citrus.

One plant can throw out several peduncles at once, so the total number of buds is about 100 pieces.

Giant Phalaenopsis is a very large orchid (flower photo).

Beallara

This is the result of the work of breeders. This variety considered a hybrid of Brassia, Miltonia and Oncidium.

Peduncles reach 50 cm in length, on average they form up to 15 large buds. The shape of the blossoming buds is similar to a star, they have a bright and varied color.

The plant can emit up to 2 peduncles at the same time.

Beallara.

With the largest flowers

Orchids with large flowers include:

• Cymbidium (Low, giant, noticeable, dwarf, etc.). It has a fairly large peduncle, on which there are 10-15 buds, flowers up to 10 cm in diameter, have a varied color and a unique appearance. Many of these varieties are home grown;
• Orchid Fragmipedium also called "Venus shoe" unique for its flowers. The leaves reach 50 cm in length, several flowers grow on one peduncle at once;
• hybrid variety Miltassia obtained by crossing Miltonia and Brassia. The main distinguishing feature is that in this variety, flower stalks begin to appear even when pseudobulbs are not fully formed.

  Up to 10 buds arise on one peduncle, the blossoming flowers are star-shaped, reaching 15 cm in size.

Important! Today, thanks to the efforts of scientists - breeders, it has become possible to grow such varieties at home. To do this, you just need to follow strict rules for caring for giant orchids.

Suitable for growing at home

Among the large orchids the most "domesticated" varieties are considered:

• Wanda;
• Cymbidium;
• Phalaenopsis;
• Cattleya.

Caring for them is not a big deal and is not much different from the usual orchids.

Reproduction methods

Orchids reproduce predominantly dividing or dropping the "baby"... In this case, it is very important to follow special rules in order to achieve engraftment of a young orchid. This takes a lot of time and does not always work out the first time.

Orchid propagation by children.

Growing features

These orchid varieties are bred by breeders and do not require any unique conditions for keeping, however, some rules must be followed:

• temperature regime. Since they all come from the hot tropics, the optimal temperature regime is considered to be up to 30 degrees during the day and not lower than 18 degrees at night;
• illumination. Almost all large orchids love bright sunlight (with the exception of the Dracula orchid). Therefore, in the summer, it is recommended to keep a flowerpot with a plant in bright sunlight, and use special fluorescent lamps at night;
• watering and humidity levels. Based on the conditions of natural habitation of these varieties, we can conclude that the humidity in the room should be high enough up to 80-90%. It is necessary to water the plant as the soil dries, it is best to do this by immersing the pot in a container of water;
• reproduction. It is carried out in two ways - dividing and grafting. In the first case, in early spring, the root system is carefully divided into several parts and seated in different flowerpots.

  For better growth, it is necessary to recreate greenhouse conditions. In the second case, a "baby" is used, which the plant throws out from time to time;

• substrate. It is very important to choose the right proportions of the soil in order to provide the plant with a sufficient amount of air and access to moisture. For this, it is better to use ready-made mixtures that are sold in flower shops.

Advice! In order to maintain a normal humidity level, it is necessary to periodically humidify and ventilate the room where the orchid is located.

Useful videos

In this video you can get to know Cattleya:

You will learn about the Wanda orchid from the video below:

In the following video, you will see the Giant Phalaenopsis:

The video below is about caring for Beallara:

Conclusion

This article describes the most popular types of large orchids. Today, thanks to the efforts of breeders, such beauty can be created at home. The care requirements are not very different from the regular varieties.

Helpful hints:

1. It is recommended to transplant a plant no more than once every 2-3 years;
2. For irrigation, you need to use purified water;
3. Carefully control humidity and temperature in order to avoid orchid diseases;
4. Fertilizers are best applied during the period of active growth;
5. You should not achieve year-round orchid flowering, since with each subsequent emission of buds, they will be smaller and smaller.