The best variety of bird cherry

Our ancestors also planted bird cherry near the house. And not only because it blooms beautifully and exudes a wonderful aroma. During flowering, the tree releases phytoncides into the air, which have a detrimental effect on pathogenic bacteria.... It was believed that if you stand in the shade of a tree, you can scare off the disease. Let's take a closer look at the varieties of common bird cherry and its areas of application.

Folk omens associated with the flowering of bird cherry

The tree blooms in May or early June. Flowers collected in oblong inflorescences smell good and attract bees. Bird cherry is a wonderful honey plant. This is another reason why they tried to plant near houses or on personal plots. A tree or shrub is widespread throughout Russia: from the European part to Siberia and the Far East... That is why, along with the birch, it can be considered a symbol of the Central Russian Plain.

Bird cherry in bloom

The most common type of bird cherry is ordinary, it is also called carpal. She throws out brushes of white inflorescences. Of the 20 varieties of wood, 7 are cultivated on our territory... Of these, decorative species stand out. Their unusually beautiful inflorescences, from yellowish multi-colored to double pink, are used in landscape design to decorate garden and park compositions and personal plots.

We are more familiar with the carpal bird cherry, with white flowers. There is a sign among the people that during the flowering of bird cherry, you can start sowing wheat and planting potatoes. There is an opinion that at the time of flowering of a tree, the air is the freshest and purest. They also associate flowering with a temporary cold snap, "bird cherry cold".

But for most people, the fragrant flowering symbolizes the renewal of nature and the optimistic spring mood.

What are the varieties of bird cherry

In addition to the common bird cherry familiar to everyone, the variety of Cheryomukha virginsky took root... This beautiful plant migrated from North America.

Virginia

Bird cherry grade Virginskaya

The tree grows up to 15 meters. Unlike the carp bird cherry, with black fruits, the Virginia bunch of berries are colored dark red... It blooms with white inflorescences. The plant looks especially impressive in autumn. The leaves turn burgundy red. It tolerates hot weather and winter well. Loves moist soil and light. Propagated from seeds and root processes. Virginia bird cherry has several varieties, according to the type of fruit (black, yellow, light red). The shape of the tree is short and with drooping branches (weeping bird cherry).

Common Colorata

Bird cherry ordinary Colorata

More like a shrub, as it reaches a height of up to 5 meters. Unusual leaves, painted in shades of purple and red in spring, turn green by summer. In the fall, the foliage turns red again. But the plant is especially beautiful during the flowering period. Lush pink inflorescences with a delicate almond aroma... The branches and bark also have a purple hue. It sprouts from the root, so it multiplies easily. Loves moisture, light, tolerates winter well. Like most bird cherry species, it is susceptible to spring frosts. Black fruits ripen by August.

Late

Bird cherry late

The main habitat is North America, but it has taken root in the temperate latitudes of our country. A powerful tree with a well-developed crown up to 20 meters... Bright green foliage in summer, turning yellow-red in autumn. “Late” is called because it blooms 2 weeks later, in late May or early June. Black, rounded fruits ripen at the end of August. The fruits are twice as large as those of ordinary bird cherry, they are juicier and have no astringent taste. It is also called "rum cherry" due to its dessert taste. Delicious tinctures are obtained from it. The tree has a high self-fertility, tolerates winter well, has a powerful root system.

Antipka (Magaleb)

Bird cherry grade Antipka (Magalebskaya)

An amazing shrub with powerful roots that can live up to 200 years... Not demanding on the soil, it can grow on rocky slopes. The homeland is considered the Middle East and Europe. The value of this variety is that it is perfect for cherry and plum rootstock. Since bird cherry belongs to the plum family. The bush is used to strengthen crumbling slopes. The bark of the bush contains coumarin, an aromatic substance that is used in perfumery. Small white inflorescences cover the entire bush during flowering, emitting a pleasant aroma... The fruits are small, black.

Squamous

Bird cherry squamous

It took root well in middle and northern latitudes. Differs in abundant flowering. Dark brown fruits have a sweet-sour and tart taste. High yield and early ripening period, winter hardiness make the tree suitable for growing in cold climates. A tree up to 5 meters high yields up to 15 kg of berries.

Self-fertile and Sakhalin (Siberian cherries)

Early ripening varieties, the berry ripens in July, bred by Siberian breeders. They tolerate frost perfectly. They give a consistently good yield up to 20-22 kg... Disease resistant. Spring frosts are easily tolerated. Trees with a powerful crown up to 8 meters, bloom with large white inflorescences. The varieties differ in the taste of berries.

Fine-sawed Amanogova (sakura)

Bird cherry fine-sawed Amanogawa (sakura)

The most beautiful flowering is the Amanogov sakura. Bird cherry belongs to the genus plums, according to the species characteristic to cherry... Therefore, the famous Japanese sakura is also a bird cherry. Small sawed Amonogova decorative dome-shaped tree. Double flowers of white-pink color cover the whole tree. The unusually beautiful bloom and delicate aroma made sakura famous as one of the wonders created by nature.

Ssiori (Far Eastern, Ainu)

Bird cherry Ssiori

A beautiful powerful tree, reaching from 10 to 20 meters in height. Distribution area Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. When the inflorescences bloom, they are painted in red-purple color, later they turn white. Inflorescence length up to 15 centimeters, with a beautiful bell-shaped flower and a delicate aroma... Large berries up to 12 mm.

The healing properties of the tree

Healers in ancient times knew about the healing properties of the plant, which are contained in the bark, leaves and berries.

Therefore, they were actively used for treatment:

• phytoncides, which are contained in the bark of the tree, were used in the form of decoctions or tinctures. The bark was removed in thin strips in the spring. Used as an anti-inflammatory, anti-febrile and diaphoretic. Tinctures are good for rheumatism.

Hydrocyanic acid is present in the bark and leaves, so you need to be extremely careful in dosages.

• with lung diseases a decoction of leaves and flowers is useful. Infusion of flowers treats the mucous membranes of the eyes. The bark is used to treat rheumatism;

Bird cherry broth

• fruits are a storehouse of vitamins and useful elements... Vitamins P, the so-called flavonoids, strengthen the walls of blood vessels. Amygdalin (B17, most of all in the bones) is used as an anticancer and anticancer agent.Sugars, citric, ascorbic, malic acids, essential and fatty oils (in seeds), mineral elements, including molybdenum and titanium, are found in fruits. Therefore, they are used as a restorative remedy for many diseases of the stomach, colds. The tannins and astringents of fruits are used to combat diarrhea;

It is thanks to these properties that bird cherry has found application in medicine and home cooking.

Cooking use

Bird cherry is widely used in cooking. In terms of taste, the berries are inferior to their congeners - cherries, cherries and plums. due to a little astringent taste and sourness, but they are good for the body and fragrant.

Dried berries are ground into flour... Used as an additive to bakery products. The baked goods acquire a subtle delicate aroma.

Use:

• a cake is made from bird cherry flour;
• make delicious bird cherry kvass;
• on its basis, tinctures, liqueurs are made;
• fresh berries are a great filling for pies;
• make jelly, fruit drinks, syrups;
• young leaves can be used for salads;
• brew tea;
• make jam.

Bird cherry is especially valuable for the northern regions.where berries that can be grown in temperate latitudes cannot ripen.

Bird cherry is widespread throughout our country. She pleases with flowering and delicate aroma. Used in medicine and cooking... Gardeners are planting new varieties. Ornamental tree species are used in landscape gardening. Poets and writers wrote about bird cherry with warmth and love.

Bird cherry is a type of undersized trees related to decorative. It grows mainly in Russia, Western Europe, Asia, in forests, in parks and in personal plots. Most often it grows on the banks of a river or lake. During flowering, it has a subtle delicate aroma. It takes root well in temperate zones. Prefers moist soil, sometimes even marshy.

How to plant bird cherry in the country

If we talk about the popularity among the trees that are planted in their dachas, then the bird cherry is certainly the most beloved tree. It is worth feeling this delicate aroma and the feeling of spring, and something new, immediately comes to us. But not only for the wonderful smell they love this plant. Bird cherry fruits are very tasty and healthy, bark and flowers are used as medicine. Many gardeners dream of planting bird cherry on their plot.

This tree propagates, like many other trees - these are seeds, grafts, cuttings. The seeds need to be prepared in advance, before the birds peck the fruits. Sowing is best done in September-October. You need to bury it in moist soil, 3-5 cm. You can mulch, but closer to winter, you need to open it.

How the seeds will take root and germinate depends on the variety of bird cherry, on care and weather conditions. The main thing you know, bird cherry, is a rather unpretentious plant.

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What are the varieties of bird cherry

Those who want to plant bird cherry usually take seeds from a nearby wild tree growing. As a rule, with the right approach, such seeds take root well. But if you find a cultivar, then the result will be many times better.

• Dense bird cherry is a very frost-resistant variety. It grows, even where practically few survive. Produces tasty, brownish-colored fruits that can be easily separated from the stone. In one season, up to 20 kg of harvest can be harvested from one tree;
• Sakhalin resilient - in terms of endurance, it can compete with Plotnokistnaya. It can be grown even in the far north. It ripens a little later, but the yield is much higher, up to 40 kg from one tree;
• In memory of Salamatov - of all the known varieties of bird cherry, this one is considered the most delicious. The yield is very high, up to 45 kg per tree;
• Late joy - a tree that reaches 8 meters in height. Fruiting poorly;
• Bird cherry Maak - this variety bears fruit, but it is not edible.Can be used in alleys, very shady, frost-resistant. It is only decorative;
• Pomegranate cluster - so called because of its color. Very beautiful in appearance and delicious fruits;
• Self-fertile - fruits with a tough skin, but very tasty, with a sweet and sour aftertaste. Bears fruit abundantly, even when growing alone;
• Virginia is a fast growing bush or tree. The flowers are white and small, collected in a brush. Edible fruits of sweet and sour taste, slightly tart;
• Antipka is an interesting species of bird cherry. Possesses high decorative qualities. Not edible.

All varieties are quite resistant to various diseases.

How to care for bird cherry

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Caring for the plant will not take much of your time. The first two seasons. It is necessary to water abundantly, then watering is needed, only in case of severe drought. Since the tree is very branchy, pruning should be carried out on time from the first days. For several years, you need to shorten the main shoot for better branching, and leave small branches on the side branches. Before flowering, the plant needs to be fed with fertilizers.

Harvesting

Usually bird cherry harvest takes place from July to September. The berries must be picked in sunny weather. You can use it right away. Perfectly retain their properties when frozen. Many people make jams, preserves from berries, boil compotes and jelly. The fruits have coloring properties, therefore they are widely used in cooking. Also, from the fruits of bird cherry, excellent wine and liqueur is obtained.
You can dry the fruits, for this you need to scatter a thin layer and leave to dry in the sun. A very rare and expensive bird cherry flour is made from dry fruits, which is very popular with confectioners.

The benefits of bird cherry

We can talk endlessly about the benefits of this tree. Just being on the site helps to get rid of mosquitoes and flies. Its phytoncides are harmful to insects, and absolutely harmless to humans.

A decoction or infusion of bird cherry, is useful for diseases of the digestive system, for sore throat. It is also known that its properties have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The berries contain a full range of vitamins and minerals. Bird cherry is indispensable in winter, when the human body needs additional nutrition.

As you can see, bird cherry can take its rightful place on your personal plot. This tree will become for you a medicine, a delicacy, and a joy for your eyes. And it is not difficult to find a place for a plant, since the bird cherry is not capricious during growth, and with good care it will take root almost anywhere.

The emergence new varieties of bird cherry returns the interest of gardeners to this interesting fruit crop. Plants with completely new properties and taste characteristics have been bred through selection. Which varieties can be purchased today in garden centers? How to plant and care for them? I think that this information will be of interest to many summer residents.

What is new among the traditional varieties of bird cherry?

Usually, among the cultivated varieties of garden bird cherry, there are three main types:

• Common bird cherry - this species blooms quite luxuriantly and gives abundant harvests;
• Virginskaya - has a later flowering period and gives more stable berry yields;
• Late bird cherry - differs from the previous ones in that the fruits ripen exactly one month later.

But the years of work of breeders, conjuring over the main types of bird cherry and cultivated varieties of cherries, made it possible to bring out the most popular varieties. Their main distinguishing features are resistance to various diseases and pests, as well as the absolute absence of astringent and astringent taste. In addition, they managed to significantly enlarge the fruits.

New popular varieties of bird cherry

Dense bird cherry. This variety is early maturing. Usually, its fruits do not have a large mass, only about 0.7 g. The shape of the fruit is round-flattened. Fruit color is dark brown. The variety has a slightly tart, sweet-sour taste. One adult plant is capable of producing about 15 kg of such delicious fruits. In addition, this variety of bird cherry is considered one of the most decorative varieties. Differs in its high winter hardiness.

Variety in Memory of Salamatov. This is a fairly winter-hardy, medium early ripening plant. The fruits have the most pleasant taste, without a single hint of astringency. The mass of the fruits of this variety of bird cherry reaches 1 gram. And the mature tree itself is capable of producing up to 35-45 kg of excellent berries.

Self-fertile bird cherry. Another large-fruited variety, characterized by high winter hardiness and early ripening of fruits. Fruits of sweet and sour taste are easily astringent and slightly tart. They have a characteristic black color. Growing alone, the plant is capable of producing rich yields.

Bird cherry Sakhalin. A new very winter-hardy variety. Excellent adaptive characteristics make it possible to grow this species even in the very harsh conditions of the Far North. The berries have a sweet taste with hints of astringency and viscosity. Ripens early enough. An adult plant is capable of regularly producing 17 kg of an excellent harvest.

Dawn. The bird cherry variety of Siberian selection, early ripening, has a high winter hardiness. The adult plant itself is small. It usually grows up to three meters, which is undoubtedly convenient when harvesting. The taste of the berries is sweet-sour, slightly tart.

Planting bird cherry and caring for bird cherry

If you are going to plant one of the new varieties of bird cherry on your site, you should take into account their photophilousness. The plant should not be placed in shaded areas. It will certainly be able to grow there. But all the fruits will be at the top, since the tree in such conditions will strive upward. At the same time, its crown will noticeably thin out as it stretches.

The planting time of any variety is not decisive, since the bird cherry takes root well. The plant is so viable that even a partial loss of the root system cannot affect adaptation and survival. Therefore, plant whenever you want: in spring or autumn. The most important thing is to be in time before the second decade of April or October.

Bird cherry does not require special care. It does not need to be weeded. It does not require preparatory manipulations before wintering. Watering is also not decisive. It is necessary only for young seedlings. All plant care activities are reduced to limiting the growth of bird cherry. By shortening the center conductor, a compact and comfortable crown can be formed, making it easy to harvest berries.