The best varieties of prunes

Plum is a fruit crop, a place for which every amateur gardener finds on his personal plot. If you choose the right variety, plums can be grown in most regions of Russia. Breeders have created a large number of winter-hardy varieties and hybrids, zoned for the conditions of a long frosty winter. This fruit crop is relatively fast-growing, which means that a few years after planting, you can count on the first significant harvest.

A variety of varieties with fruits of various colors and ripening periods, unpretentious care, make the plum one of the most common crops in amateur and industrial gardens. For the middle lane, it is preferable to choose plum varieties with early and medium-early ripening, so that the peak of fruiting ends before the first frost.

The content of the article:

• 7 best varieties of plums
• Early varieties of plum
• Mid-season varieties
• Late plum varieties
• Yellow plum varieties
• Chinese plum
• Other varieties of plum
• How to choose the right plum sapling?
• Basic requirements for seedlings
• Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings
• conclusions

7 best varieties of plums

These varieties are distinguished by increased resistance to diseases and pests, good winter hardiness and dessert fruit taste.

1. Fast-growing. An early variety, ripening by 1-2 decades of August, has exceptional frost resistance. The variety is not affected by fruit rot, has increased resistance to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops. Fruits of a reddish hue with yellow sweet pulp weighing up to 30 g. Plum of this variety tolerates drought, during the period of lack of moisture neither growth nor fruiting suffer.

2. Yakhontovaya. Plum of this variety has excellent frost resistance and resistance to insect pests and diseases of fruit crops. Fruits of yellow color have a light waxy bloom, a pronounced sweet and sour taste, reach a mass of 30 g. Plum of the Yakhontovaya variety is drought-resistant, for 3 years after planting, 50 kg of fruits can be harvested from the tree.

3. Tula black. The variety is characterized by a high level of immunity to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops, taste and frost resistance are somewhat lower than those of previous crops. The main purpose of dark blue fruits of sweet and sour taste is to use for preparations, preparation of dried fruits. The fruit ripens in mid-September.

4. Chinese. A winter-hardy variety of medium early ripening (mid-September) has a high immunity to pests and diseases of fruit trees. The variety has large, red fruits weighing up to 70 g with a delicate sweet taste.

5. Blue gift. The sweet fruits of this variety weigh a little - only 15 g. They ripen in 1-2 ten days of August, the tree is frost-resistant, rarely exposed to diseases.

6. Giant. Delicate fruits of this variety correspond to the name - they reach a weight of 110 g, have a pleasant taste, and are sweet without cloying. Trees of this variety are not resistant to fungal diseases, winter hardiness is low.

7. Stanley. An old variety of American selection, popular to the present day.Located in the state register of the Russian Federation, it is recommended for cultivation in the south of Russia. Medium-sized trees reach a height of 3 m and have a sparse crown. Large and very large fruits of dark purple and green color are covered with a waxy coating. The pulp of this type of plum is sweet, dense and aromatic, the stone is separated. The purpose of the variety is to use it as a dessert, for drying for future use, for homemade preparations.

All of the above varieties of plum are distinguished by their early maturity (getting the first harvest from the third year of life), good yield. They are used as a dessert or raw material for preparations: making compote, preserves, jam, pastilles, etc. Plums of these varieties are transportable, that is, they are suitable for transportation over long distances.

Early Yakhontova Tula black Chinese Blue gift Giant Stanley

Early plum varieties

Early ripening varieties are attractive for commercial use of the crop, as the crop can be sold profitably.

• July. Plums of this variety are used as a dessert and for preparations. The ripening period of red fruits with yellow and sweet pulp is the end of July. The yield is 12 kg per tree, the first harvest is taken already at the 3rd year of the tree's life. The average weight of ovoid fruits is 30 g. The tree has an average height, average leafiness, shoots take an arched shape. Plum of this variety prefers abundant sunlight throughout the day and moderate soil moisture.

• Zarechnaya early. The ripening period for large blue fruits of this variety is mid-July. The pulp of the fruit is yellow, has a pleasant sour taste, the plums are covered with a waxy bloom. The tree of the Zarechnaya early variety bears fruit regularly, from 3-4 years of age, the average yield is 15 kg per tree. The purpose of the fruits is to be used as raw materials for blanks.

• Fast-growing. The variety has increased winter hardiness, the fruit ripening period is late July-early August. Small fruits with red skin are transportable, have aromatic juicy pulp. The yield of the variety is 10 kg per tree, the Skoroplodnaya plum begins to bear fruit at the 4th year of life. The purpose of the fruit is to be used as a dessert.

July Zarechnaya early Early

Mid-season varieties

Plums of medium ripening always find their connoisseurs among gardeners, as they have a bright color and rich taste. Fragrant fruits are most often used for harvesting and home winemaking.

• Souvenir of the East. The table variety obtained as a result of selection work is characterized by a high yield (up to 40 kg per tree) and large, beautiful fruits with crispy, sweet pulp. The crown of the tree is low, located at a height of no more than 2.5 m. The color of large fruits is dark blue, weight - up to 40 g, the color of the pulp is yellow. The purpose of the crop is to use it as a dessert, technical processing.

• Romain. Used in amateur gardens, ripens in the 2nd decade of August. The variety is distinguished by regular fruiting, has a reddish foliage. High quality fruits of medium size (up to 25 g), have a red skin and the same color flesh. Used for dessert and for processing for the winter.

Souvenir of the East Romain

Late plum varieties

Most often they are used for conservation and preparation for the winter in the form of dried fruits, they have good frost resistance. Gardeners of the middle lane and northern regions should be selective in choosing late-ripening varieties, since they can lose most of the harvest due to early September frosts.

• The president. The ripening period is mid-September, the tree of this variety is extremely productive, with good care you can get from 40 to 70 kg of large blue fruits with juicy yellow pulp. The purpose of the fruits is universal, suitable for obtaining prunes, long-term storage and transportation.

• Empress The tree of this variety is tall, up to 4 m in height, ripening period is 2-3 decades of September.Plum of this variety begins to bear fruit at 4-5 years of age. It gives about 20 kg of dark purple large fruits with yellow and juicy pulp (up to 50 g). Purpose - processing and procurement.

The president Empress

Yellow plum varieties

Plum of yellow varieties resembles cherry plum in color, but these two crops are radically different from each other, both in taste and in appearance.

• Egg. The tree of this variety perfectly adapts to unfavorable weather conditions. Large, round fruits of mediocre taste ripen in late August and early September. They cannot be stored for a long time, they deteriorate already 4-5 days after collection. The beginning of fruiting falls on the 6th year of the tree's life. The purpose of the fruit is processing for canning.

• Altai Jubilee. It takes root equally well both in the south and in the northern regions. The early ripening variety has small yellow-red fruits with juicy, friable flesh. The beginning of fruiting is 3 years of the tree's life. It is susceptible to chlorosis and pest attacks. Plum of this variety is not transportable over a long distance.

• Honey white. The taste of the fruit is true to the name, its pulp is juicy and sweet. Tall tree (up to 5 m), early ripening, round, medium-sized fruits. The variety has a high yield, winter hardiness.

Egg Altai Jubilee Honey white

Chinese plum

This culture is a rarity in our gardens. Its fruits are attractive and delicious. The Chinese inhabitant is environmentally friendly, more frost-resistant, early in fruiting. This type of plum is characterized by an unusual flowering: the crown is covered with a dense ball of inflorescences, making the landscape spectacular and unique. The flowering period falls on rainy, cool weather, so flowers that are not able to self-pollinate do not receive the help of insects. To solve this problem, cherry plum should be planted next to the Chinese plum, it is a reliable pollinator. The fruits of the plant are red or yellow, heart-shaped. The pulp is juicy, with an adherent bone and a special taste.

Sorts of Chinese plum: "Red ball", "Skoroplodnaya", "Red meat", "Golden ball", "Jubilee", "Seedling Shiro". The Golden Ball tastes like pineapple.

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Other varieties of plum

The wide range of plum varieties offered by breeders allows the selection of seedlings for different climates.

• Top hit - a late-ripening variety with large egg-shaped fruits (up to 80 g) with tasty pulp with a slight sourness.

• General's - a frost-resistant variety for technical purposes, has small red fruits with soft pulp, making them non-transportable. Low-growing trees are frost-hardy, they are distinguished by abundant flowering at the end of May.

• Morning - the variety has medium-sized green-yellow fruits with yellow juicy pulp.

• Nenka - a high-yielding and frost-resistant variety with medium-sized fruits (up to 22 g). The tree is medium-sized, the crown has a wide pyramidal shape.

• Alyonushka - the variety is derived from the Chinese plum, so the leaves of the tree with a spherical crown are similar to the leaves of a peach. Sweet large fruits of dark pink color have an inseparable stone.

• Chemalskaya large - a fast-growing variety, yields a harvest for 3-4 years, frost-resistant, needs pollinating varieties. Both the buds and the wood are frost-resistant, the tree needs sufficient watering.

• Spike-shaped blue suite - a high-yielding mid-season variety with juicy and sweet fruits weighing up to 60 g. The crown of the tree is compact.

• Red ball - a dessert variety of large-fruited plum with rounded red fruits with a juicy, light yellow pulp. The tree is medium-sized, up to 2.5 m tall, the fruits are transportable.

• Eurasia 21 - a tall tree with red-burgundy juicy and sweet-sour fruits with a waxy bloom. Fruit weight up to 35 g.

• Tula black (Bryansk late) - a high-yielding, self-fertile variety with an average ripening period. It has medium frost resistance, dark blue oval fruits with reddish flesh.

• Blue gift - mid-season, self-fertile, high-yielding variety. Large fruits have excellent taste, dark purple color.

• Early ripening red - early maturing self-fertile variety of folk selection ripens in August. Oval fruits with sweet firm flesh are purple in color.

• Oh yeah - an unpretentious early ripening variety, even on loamy soil, gives high yields. Requires the introduction of a large amount of organic matter and sufficient watering. The stunted tree is annually strewn with purple fruits with a fleshy sweet and sour pulp.

• Kuban legend - a medium-sized tree has a pyramidal crown. Egg-shaped red-violet fruits with green flesh reach a weight of 35 g.

• Vicana - the variety is zoned for the northwestern regions. A stunted tree has a thin weeping crown. The mass of oval burgundy fruits reaches 25 g, their stone is easily separated from the pulp. Plum is suitable for both dessert and canning.

• Valor - mid-season variety of Canadian selection. Large egg-shaped blue fruits with juicy greenish-creamy flesh reach a mass of 50 g.

• Memory of Timiryazev - a medium-sized tree with a weeping crown has oval juicy fruits with a yellowish pulp. Plum stone with lilac skin is easily separated from the pulp.

• Hungarian - a transportable variety intended for the production of prunes. The dark red oval fruits have a sugary firm flesh with a sweet taste. The bone is easily detached.

• Mirabel - plums of this variety are similar to cherry plum, but unlike it they have a sweet pulp and an easily separated stone. Small fruits are oval in shape with pointed ends.

• Ternoslum - a low-growing tree with excellent adaptability to various growing conditions. The variety is unpretentious to care, has a high yield, its purpose is conservation.

• Damascene - has oval fruits of various colors (white, black, blue, yellow).

• Canadian plum - the variety is self-fertile, needs additional pollination, due to early flowering it is not afraid of spring frosts.

• Burbank Giant - a frost-resistant diploid variety with large fruits of excellent taste. Resistant to monoliosis.

• Kabardinka - the variety was created by breeders of the Stavropol Territory and Kabardino-Balkaria. Mid-season, ripens in mid-August. Spherical fruits have a very tasty pulp, reaching a mass of 45 g.

• Angelina - the variety is characterized by a powerful crown that needs to be shaped to accelerate fruiting. Plums of this variety are early-growing, begin to yield the harvest 3 years after planting. The fruits are similar to those of cherry plum.

• Mashenka - a medium-sized tree of early ripening. Dark pink fruits with yellow flesh have an excellent dessert taste.

Top hit General's Morning Nenka Alyonushka Chemalskaya Spike-shaped blue suite Red ball Eurasia 21 Tula black Blue gift Early ripening red Oh yeah Kuban legend Vicana Valor Memory of Timiryazev Hungarian Mirabel Ternoslum Damascene Canadian plum Burbank Kabardinka Angelina Mashenka

How to choose the right plum sapling?

The first step towards future high yields is the selection of a healthy seedling, prepared according to all the rules for sale and transportation. It is best to purchase young plum trees from nurseries where they are cultivated by professionals.

The initial examination of a plum sapling is an assessment of the condition of the bark and kidneys. The bark should not be damaged, and the buds should be slightly swollen and greenish when purchased in spring. Dry, dry buds are a sign of death or freezing of the tree.

Basic requirements for seedlings

A plum seedling suitable for planting can be annual or biennial. An annual seedling has a thin, even trunk without branches.A two-year-old seedling is a trunk (at least 2.5 cm in diameter) with 3-4 branches - the rudiments of skeletal branches 50-60 cm long. Both those and others take root well in a new place, although two-year-olds begin to bear fruit faster. Three-year-old plum seedlings are more sensitive to replanting.

When choosing a seedling, special attention should be paid to the health of the roots. The root system should be fibrous, with a central root and many branches and thin roots.

Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings

Optimal terms for purchasing and planting plums in the middle lane:

• End of March - beginning of April;

• End of September - beginning of October.

For the south of Russia, these terms are shifted by 2-3 weeks forward (in spring) or backward (in autumn).

Seedlings with a closed root system take root best. A reliable seller will always cover the roots of the seedling with a clay mash before selling it to protect it from drying out and damage during transportation. If the root system is not protected, and the seedlings need to be transported, their roots are wrapped in a damp cloth, grass, straw. If the root system is dry, there is a risk of death of the seedling.

conclusions

A large assortment of zoned varieties of plums, suitable for growing in most regions, allows you to purchase planting material to your liking. The choice of a high-quality seedling with the expected characteristics, proper planting and care will certainly reveal the possibilities of the variety, and help to get a good harvest.

The author of the article: Alexey Kuzmin, expert agronomist, specially for the site

Plums are one of the most delicious and healthy fruits. They are used not only fresh, but also in the preparation of culinary dishes, as well as in preparations for the winter.

Dried plums or prunes are a valuable low-calorie product, which has healing properties due to its high content of vitamins and other nutrients, especially potassium.

What plum is better to make prunes?

Plums for making prunes must meet certain requirements:

• the percentage of dry matter is about 20%;
• the concentration of sugars in fruits - from 12%;
• moisture and acid content - up to 1%;
• fruit weight - from 30 to 40 g;
• skin color - dark blue;
• the fruits have a dense, intact skin, covered with a waxy coating, the stone is small.

What varieties of plums are suitable for making prunes?

Varieties such as Mirabelle, early blue, apricot and some others do not dry, since good prunes will not work out of them.

Hungarian

Hungarian is one of the most popular and common varieties of plum for prunes. Its fruits have excellent taste, high sugar content and ideal for drying.

Some varieties of Hungarian:

1. B. Italian - self-fertile (does not require planting near the pollinator variety) mid-season variety. It is cultivated mainly in the southern regions, as it can freeze out at low temperatures. The trees are not tall, up to 5 m high, the crown diameter does not exceed 6 m. Begins to bear fruit in 4 or 5 years, the average yield is 50 kg of plums. Average weight of fruits - 35 g. Does not tolerate drought.
2. B. home - late variety, demanding on heat. It is characterized by rapid growth, the average height is 6.5 m. Fruiting begins from 7–8 years of cultivation. At the age of 20, with optimal care, the maximum tree yield reaches 150 kg. Fruit weight - about 20 g.
3. V. Wangenheim - an early variety, resistant to frost and diseases, can grow on insufficiently fertile soil. To increase the yield, it is recommended to carry out re-pollination of inflorescences. Already in the 6th year of cultivation, the seedling yields 15 kg of yield; upon reaching 10 years of age and older, its average yield is 60 kg. Fruit weight is about 30 g.
4. V. korneevskaya - self-fertile mid-season variety, withstands frost and drought well. Begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Purple fruits weighing up to 35 g.Trees give bountiful harvests: already at the age of 6 they can reach 30 kg.

Renklod Karbyshev

Early high-yielding variety, the weight of the fruit is about 40 g. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. The crown of the tree is dense and requires regular pruning.

Adyghe prunes

Medium late self-fertile variety with abundant but periodic fruiting. Resistant to frost, drought, fungal diseases. The average fruit weight is 40 g.

Blue bird

Mid-season with abundant and regular fruiting... The first fruits appear as early as 2-3 years of growing the seedling. The average weight of the fruits is 45 g, they have excellent taste and an easily detachable seed.

The trees are self-fertile, resistant to cold and disease.

For drying on prunes, good varieties would be Blue Bird, Renklod Karbysheva, Raisin-Eric

Raisin-eric

Crimean medium late plum variety... Trees require planting near pollinating varieties. They bring abundant harvests, at the age of 20 - from 115 kg. Fruiting begins from the 7th - 8th year from the moment of planting.

The size of the fruits is small, the shape is elongated pear-shaped, the average weight is 9.5 g. The trees are resistant to drought, grow better on fertile moisture-permeable soil.

How to properly dry prunes

Prunes are prepared from well-ripe fruits.that have accumulated a maximum of sugar and nutrients. Fruits that have fallen from a tree have the optimum degree of ripeness.

When selecting for drying, rotten, wormy, damaged plums should be rejected.

The most suitable for collection and subsequent drying are fruits with slightly wrinkled skin, containing a minimum of water. You can achieve such a state of falling plums by stopping watering the trees in advance (about 30 days before the harvest ripens).

The process of preparing prunes has its own characteristics.... It is impossible to achieve the required product quality by drying plums alone.

In this case, the fruits will lose their juice, their pulp will acquire excessive rigidity, and the skin will become not black, but brown.

To obtain prunes, special preparation of berries is required.

To obtain the required product special preparation of berries is required, its stages:

1. Drying drains are stored in basketslocated on the territory of covered areas. The maximum number of fruits placed in them should not exceed 16 kg. In this form, the fruit can be stored for up to 3 days in order to avoid spoilage of the plum due to fermentation processes.
2. Before starting drying the fruits are washed thoroughly until the water obtained after rinsing them is absolutely clear.
3. Then plum is sorted, separating large from small, with the subsequent rejection of berries that are not suitable for drying.
4. Selected fruits once again washed and blanched in hot water... This softens their tissues, removes the air contained in them and leads to the expansion of the drain cells. In the process of blanching, oxidizing elements are destroyed with almost complete preservation of vitamins and other valuable substances.
5. To remove wax deposits from the surface of berries they are lowered for 15-20 seconds in 1% solution of caustic soda... At home, it is difficult to completely wash off the remnants of soda from the fruit, so it is better to replace it with potash.
6. Cooling drains, while many cracks form on their surface. They provide a slow release of moisture from the fruit, preventing the skin from bursting with a rapid loss of all juice, which will exclude the receipt of real prunes.

How prunes are made:

Preparing fruits for drying will not give the desired result if you do not adhere to the special rules for performing this process. It is not as simple as it might seem.

For this purpose, in a production environment, use multi-deck drying cabinets or tunnel (duct) dryers.

Initially, the fruits wilt slightly at 40-50 ° C for 3-5 hours so that they do not burst.Then the temperature is raised and drying is continued until the dried fruit acquires the required condition.

At this stage, biochemical processes take place in the tissues of the fruit, ensuring the acquisition of its characteristic taste qualities by the prune.

For the production of prunes in a production environment, multi-tiered drying cabinets or tunnel (channel) dryers are used.

Drying plums at home

When making your own prunes the rules for preparing and drying plums should be followed as much as possible.

In the absence of special drying equipment, you can use a conventional oven or dry the fruit in the open air.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways:

1. Spread the fruit evenly in one layer on plywood sheets or other suitable surface located in direct sunlight... Plums must be turned over from one side to the other to avoid mold growth. After 5 days of drying in the sun, the fruits are transferred to the shade for final drying.
2. In ovens the first 4 hours, the berries filled with juice are kept at 45 ° C, then turning off the heat to cool the fruits for 4 hours. In a next drying step of the same duration, the temperature is raised to 60 ° C, followed by cooling. The third stage lasts from 8 to 10 hours. The drying temperature during it rises to 75 ° C. When 3-5 minutes remain until the end of the process, you can raise the temperature to 100 ° C to give the dried fruit a beautiful shine.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways: in ovens and in direct sunlight.

The prunes that have reached readiness have a soft structure, their tissues contain a certain amount of juice, which ensures their elasticity. But at the same time, moisture does not come out of the dried fruit even when it is squeezed with considerable force.

Possessing a wonderful taste and a large amount of useful substances, in particular monosaccharides, this product is indispensable in diet and daily nutrition.

It is used as an ingredient in various culinary dishes, for making sweets and confectionery.

Eating prunes inhibits the growth of bacteria and can be used to prevent tooth decay and inflammatory gum disease.

It improves the functioning of the digestive tract, normalizes blood pressure, strengthens the nervous system.

How to cook prunes at home:

Plum is one of the most useful and delicious fruits, which contains a large amount of vitamins B, C, E, P, as well as trace elements - magnesium, potassium, calcium, iodine, zinc, manganese. And they are also very beautiful trees, the care of which is not very demanding.

And the taste of plums can be very different - sour, sweet and sour, sweet, tart and soft. If you plan to grow such a tree in your garden, first of all you need to figure out what varieties of plums are, which are suitable for central Russia or for growing in Ukraine, or in another country with a southern or temperate climate.

In this article, you will find a detailed description of the best varieties of plums, from which you can choose the right ones.

A little about classification

The principles for classifying these fruit trees are very extensive and include the following characteristics:

1. Suitability for food. There are varieties that are considered edible, conditionally edible, and there are also exclusively decorative ones. This point must be clarified by the photo with the name and description before choosing a variety of plums for growing on your site.
2. Taste qualities. Here you need to understand that there are varieties, the fruits of which are eaten fresh, and there are - exclusively culinary, that is, for the preparation of preservation (jam, jam, compote, wine, dessert).But among all the selection, you can pick up a universal option, which will be more acceptable when it comes to growing in your own garden.
3. Ripening terms... Depending on the characteristics of the climatic zone, as well as personal household habits and the availability of free time in a particular season, you can choose early, mid-season and late varieties of plums. There are even frost-resistant species.
4. Color, size, fertility. Here it is already a matter of personal taste for everyone, since you can choose red, blue, yellow varieties of plums, with large and small fruits, with a plentiful or not very large harvest - who likes which more.

Only after having dealt with all these criteria and having determined for yourself the priority characteristics of the tree, you can begin to get acquainted with the names, photos and descriptions of plum varieties.

Early

All early varieties bear fruit in July and early August. The best according to breeders and gardeners can be found in the description below.

July

The tree has a medium height and medium foliage, grows well in areas with abundant sunlight on moderately moist soils. When planting, you can expect from 3 years of cultivation for a yield of 12 kg per tree.

Red fruits with sweet yellow flesh ripen at the end of July. The average weight of the fruit is about 30 g, the shape is ovoid. The fruit is best suited for making desserts and preserving.

Zarechnaya early

This kind of plum has fruits with yellow pulp and a pleasant sour taste. There is a slight waxy coating on the surface of the fruit. Trees bear fruit regularly, giving off an average of 15 kg of plums per year, which ripen by mid-July. Zarechnaya early is best suited for harvesting conservation.

Early

This variety of plum is distinguished by its red fruits with juicy aromatic pulp. Ripening occurs from late July to mid-August. Productivity - average, from 4 years of growth is about 10 kg per tree. This variety is a dessert one.

Etude

The trees of this early variety are distinguished by a dense crown and medium height. The fruits are purple-red, oval in shape, have a thick waxy bloom. The pulp is juicy, dense, there is a slight sour taste. This variety is favorably distinguished by such qualities as frost resistance and good immunity to various diseases, the ability to store fruits for up to 2 months in a cool room, as well as a high yield - about 20 kg from one tree.

Peach

This is a medium-sized plant with a not very dense crown and large fruits weighing about 40-50 g. But there are also fruits weighing up to 70 g. The fruits are very beautiful - yellow-green, have a purple blush, dense, juicy pulp, sweet and sour taste. An early variety of Peach plum does not withstand low temperatures too well, therefore it will be acceptable, for example, for planting in the Crimea. But it is favorably distinguished by excellent immunity to diseases.

Candy

This variety belongs to the category of ultra-early. The trees reach a height of 3 meters, but at the same time they look quite compact. The fruits are medium in size, weighing about 40 g, have a thin burgundy skin and a bluish bloom. This is the sweetest plum with a honey-yellow pulp.

An excellent variety for planting in central Russia and Ukraine, as it firmly tolerates frosts up to 20 degrees and does not succumb to diseases familiar to plums.

Kseniya

This variety is versatile in terms of the use of fruits. The trees are quite low, the fruit is oval in shape and weighs about 40 g. The color is yellow with a red blush. The taste is juicy and sweet. Fruiting irregularly, but hibernates quite well.

Mid-season

Mid-season varieties ripen from 10 to 25 August.

Souvenir of the East

This is the result of artificial breeding, due to which a very high yield was achieved - an average of 40 kg per tree. The fruits are very large, have a crunchy, sweet pulp.The trees usually grow to a height of 2.5 meters and have a compact crown. Fruit color - dark blue, pulp - yellow, average weight - 40 g. Excellent as a dessert variety and for preservation.

Romain

The ripening time of the fruits is the 2nd decade of August. This variety bears fruit regularly. It looks very beautiful on the site, due to the decorative foliage of a red hue. Fruits are small, up to 25 g in weight. A good variety for preservation and as a dessert.

Bogatyrskaya

A self-fertile variety of plum, the trees of which are rather short. Fruits are medium in size, oval, slightly elongated in shape, weighing 40 g, rich purple hue, with a waxy bloom. The taste is sweet and sour. Such plants are rarely affected by diseases, pests, do not freeze, and tolerate transportation.

Late

Late plum varieties are those whose fruits ripen from the third decade of August. In some species, this period can last up to October.

Empress

These are tall trees of 4 meters, the harvest from which is harvested from mid-September in the amount of about 20 kg. They begin to bear fruit only from 4-5 years of growth. The color of the fruit is dark purple, the fruit is large, on average 50 g. This variety is most suitable for technical processing and harvesting.

Anna Shpet

This species belongs to late maturing and very productive, with tall, durable trees. Fruits weighing 50 g, have an oval-ovoid shape with smooth sides, a dense skin of a red-violet hue.

There is a slight coating on the surface, the flesh is of good firmness and has a greenish color. Great for eating raw, for freezing, cooking dried fruits. It tolerates both low temperatures in winter and aridity in summer, but requires good care and prevention of diseases. Suitable plum variety for growing in central Russia.

Top hit

This variety stands out for large fruits up to 80-100 g, tasty juicy pulp with a slight acidity, good long-term storage. Harvested usually in the second decade of September.

The tree begins to bear fruit from 3-4 years after planting. The plant itself is very large and has a spreading crown. Fungal diseases and scabs are usually not affected. It tolerates winter staunchly, therefore it is excellent for growing in Ukraine.

The president

This variety is one of the oldest. It was known back in England in the 19th century. The fruits weigh from 40 to 70 g, uniform, round, can be stored for up to 2 weeks, if they are harvested a week before the final ripening.

But picking the fruit too early is not worth it, since in this case the pulp will be sour, tough and with a rather mediocre taste. The yield is high and increases as the tree matures:

• in a 6-8-year period, you can count on 15-20 kg;
• from 9 to 12 years of growth - by 25-40 kg;
• up to 70 kg from one older tree can be obtained if it is in good health.

The plum variety President is partially self-fertile, develops well in any climatic conditions. Suitable for raw consumption.

General's

This species is good to grow in the garden for the reason that it is not demanding on the composition of the soil. The main conditions for good growth are sufficient fertility and good loosening of the land. It is better to plant it in early spring.

The trees are compact in size, fruiting with bright orange plums with red barrels weighing 30 g from the age of 5, although some begin to bear fruit even at the age of 3.

Low temperatures tolerate well, but only adult and healthy plants. Young when planted in the fall may not survive. Productivity is high, shedding is low. The seeds are well separated from the fruit and are small in size. Great for making compotes, jams.

Yellow

Yellow plums look very beautiful in the garden. These are the varieties that most often receive positive reviews from novice and experienced gardeners.

Golden ball

A tall (up to 4 m) tree, the fruits of which have a rich yellow color of the peel and pulp, a pleasant sweet taste, about 60 g in weight and ripen in the first decade of August. The yield is at least 30 kg per tree, since the branches and the fruits themselves are closely located, and somewhat resemble the shoots of sea buckthorn. Of the minuses, the absence of self-pollination and shedding of fruits can be noted.

Egg

This is a very old variety that has many disadvantages:

1. Fruits spoil quickly - already on the 5th day after collection.
2. Mediocre sour taste.
3. Clingstone.
4. The plant is often affected by fungal diseases.
5. Begins to bear fruit only from the age of 6.

Nevertheless, it is still grown, since the fruits are excellent for technical processing into marshmallows, compotes. The fruits themselves are medium in size and have a beautiful round shape, and the yield of this variety is 40 kg per tree.

Altai Jubilee

This variety of plum is excellent for growing in central Russia, as well as in the south or in the northern regions. The fruits are yellow in color with a reddish tint, juicy loose flesh. The first appearance of the crop can be expected as early as 3 years of tree development. There are also disadvantages - susceptibility to chlorosis, pests, as well as intolerance to long-term transportation.

Honey white

These are very tall trees, up to 5 meters, which give a bountiful harvest and tolerate severe winters well. The name speaks for itself - the fruits are medium-sized and the sweetest, the pulp is juicy. Plums ripen early.

Golden Large

This variety of plums is one of the most popular for cultivation in different climatic conditions, as it perfectly tolerates winter frosts and summer droughts. The palatability of the fruit was rated at 4.8 on a 5-point scale.

Features such as tenderness, juiciness of a pleasant sweet and sour pulp, which literally melts, are noted. The average weight of oval-shaped fruits is 40 g, the color is yellow, with tints of pink, there is a waxy pubescence, which, however, can be easily removed.

Ripening occurs in early October, the yield is about 26 kg per tree. The variety is acceptable for raw consumption and storage.

Yellow afasca

Bred in Bulgaria, but suitable for cultivation in Russia and Ukraine. You can see in the photo that the fruits are quite large, about 60-70 g, the color is yellow with a little green, the taste is sweet, dessert, but they are not stored for very long.

Another important advantage is that you can expect a harvest as early as 2 years of plant life. Winter hardiness, as well as a high immunity to sharka and other diseases of stone fruits are additional factors in favor of growing this variety. The tree itself does not pollinate; it is best to use the American Amers variety for this purpose.

Sweet and large

Giant

The name is fully justified by the peculiarities of the species. Fruits in weight reach 110 g, can have both purple and yellow, red tint. The taste is sweet, but not cloying, the flesh is tender. Begins to bear fruit as early as 2-3 years after planting seedlings.

The breed does not differ in winter hardiness and requires careful care, since both fungal diseases and damage to the plant by pests are possible. But all the investment of labor pays off with a bountiful harvest of excellent fruits that can be eaten raw and used for canning.

Kyrgyz excellent

The fruits of this variety are dark red or purple in color, sweetness and large size - 60-100 g. The trees are winter-hardy, give a bountiful harvest, bear fruit in July-August. The plants themselves are of medium height, medium thickened spherical crown.

Ballad

Another sweet variety of plum, however, does not differ in special size - the average mass of fruits of a round shape, red-violet hue is 30-40 g. The stone well departs from the dense, yellow-green pulp. The trees are self-fertile.

Crooman

This variety is medium-ripe.The assortment may include dark red, blue, waxy coating fruits. At the same time, the pulp is yellow, sweet, dense, and there is a very small bone in it, which is well separated. This plum variety is resistant to the most common diseases of fruit trees.

Greengage

Very sweet, with hints of honey plum with a dense, juicy pulp. The stone is perfectly separated without any effort, the fruits can be green, blue, yellow, depending on the specific subspecies. The crop is stored for a long time and is easily transported. The average fertility of a 10-year-old tree is 25-30 kg. It goes well both as a dessert variety and for processing for conservation.

Other varieties of plums

1. Nenka. Medium-sized trees with a wide crown produce small fruits (on average 20 g), but in large quantities. The shape of the fruit is round. The variety is resistant even to severe frosts.
2. Volga beauty. Sweetish-sour fruits of a slightly oblong shape have a mass of 40 g and a moderately dense pulp. It is well preserved, the crop can be transported for a long time, it tolerates winter cold.
3. Red ball. A large-fruited dessert variety that looks very decorative on the site. Fruits are juicy, with light yellow pulp, transportable. The plant itself is compact - up to 2.5 m.
4. Oh yeah. An excellent option for any soil, including loamy. Productivity is excellent: a tree at the age of 10 years can give up to 80 kg of sweet and sour fruits. A low-growing species, for the development and intensive fruiting of which a sufficient amount of organic fertilizers and regular watering will be required.
5. Tula black. Self-fertile, high-yielding species with late maturity and average winter hardiness. Fruits are oval, medium-sized, dark blue with reddish flesh.
6. Crimean beauty. Medium-resistant plum variety, with a reddish-crimson color of small fruits - about 20 g. The stone is semi-detached. Ripens from late July to late early August. It grows slowly, but it is very resistant to any diseases of plums.

We hope that our review of the best varieties of yellow, red, sweet, large plums of different ripening periods helped you choose the optimal species for your site, and you will not be disappointed with either the fertility of the trees, or their health, or the complexity of care.

Plum variety "Prunes" immediately indicates what exactly can be grown on it, and then dried and consumed with great benefit for the body. Yes, this is the same prune that is stored for a long time and is used not only in compotes, but also in baked goods, in meat dishes and salads, giving them aroma and a unique sweet and sour taste.

However, under "Prune", some experts, basically, mean the so-called "thorny" - a fairly winter-hardy variety, suitable for obtaining dried fruits. It turned out as a result of natural crossing of blackthorn and cherry plum and is distinguished by high and regular productivity, winter hardiness, and drought resistance. Other data indicate that "Prune" was grown in 1937 at the Maikop experimental station of the VIR and is a hybrid of unknown parents. Introduced into the State Register in 1988 for the North Caucasus region. This variety is also called "Adyghe prune". About him, in fact, will be discussed.

Plum "Prune": variety description

The "Prune" has a vigorous tree, with an oval, sparsely leafy crown. The bark is smooth, light gray, thick skeletal branches branch off at an angle of 45 ° and 60 °. Leaves are medium, ovoid. The leaf blade is thick, leathery, corrugated, the bottom is green, with brown pubescence along the main vein. Flowers in the crown are evenly spaced, crowded one, two, less often three flowers from a bud. Petals are medium, white, slightly closed. "Prunes" usually bloom together with the blooming of the leaves.

The fruits of "Prune" are large - from 47 to 56 grams, have an even rounded or rounded-elongated shape.On the rounded top of the fruit, there is a punctate depression in the center, less often it is shifted towards the seam. The seam looks like a narrow dark stripe.

The color of the plums is blue-violet. The skin of the fruit is thick, rough, sour taste with bitterness. The peel does not separate well from the pulp. The pulp itself is greenish-yellow, juicy, grainy-fibrous, sweet. On a five-point tasting scale, the variety has an assessment of 4.0 points. The pulp is easily separated from the stone. The bone at "Prune" is also large - up to 18 grams and flat in shape. The fruits contain 11.98% sugars. When dried, the fruits give 22.3% yield of good prunes with a sugar content of 58.15%.

"Prune" is a medium-late ripening variety. The plum is self-fertile, bears fruit abundantly, but with partial periodicity. The variety is quite winter hardy and relatively resistant to fungal diseases.

The advantage of the variety is self-fertility, high yield, winter hardiness, drought resistance, good taste and visual appeal of the fruit, from which delicious dried fruits are obtained.

The disadvantages include late ripening of fruits, late variety and periodicity in fruiting.

Plum "Prune": planting and care

For planting "Prunes", like other stone fruit crops, well-lit sunny places, protected from cold winds, are most suitable. Planting can be done along fences, but from the sunny side. Distances for planting in row spacing are 3 m, and in a row - 2.5-3 m. Planting pits are prepared in autumn or early spring 1-2 weeks before planting with a depth of 45-50 cm and a diameter of 60-70 cm. Soil from the planting pit mix well with humus in a ratio of 2: 1. After planting, the root collar of the tree should be 3-5 cm above ground level. Recessed planting is unacceptable, as it can lead to poor growth and fruiting of the plum.

After planting, it must be borne in mind that the plum is more demanding for watering: drying out of the soil at the beginning of the formation of ovaries can lead to their massive loss. One of the main measures of care is regular - 4-5 times a summer - removal of root growth. If it is not removed in time, the mother plant is weakened and the yield of the bush decreases.