Content
- 1 What is a bean and what is it eaten with
- 2 Variety of varieties
- 3 The best novelties of modern breeding
- 4 Secrets of growing legumes
- 5 What is a bean and what is it eaten with
- 6 Variety of varieties
- 7 The best novelties of modern breeding
- 8 Secrets of growing legumes
- 9 What are beans
- 10 Varieties popular among Russian gardeners
- 11 How to choose a variety for your region
- 12 Reviews
You don't often see a bean dish on the dinner table today. This undeservedly forgotten vegetable has a high nutritional value. In terms of protein content, it can compete with meat and completely replace it in the human diet. In addition, the beans contain vitamins, pectic acid, a large amount of trace elements necessary for the full functioning of the human body. Having planted a plant once at their summer cottage, gardeners will no longer be able to refuse to continue their friendship with such a necessary and useful vegetable.
What is a bean and what is it eaten with
An annual plant, belongs to the legume family. It has a taproot that grows deep into the soil. Stem - erect, dense, thickened. It reaches a height of about 30 to 80 cm, some varieties grow up to one and a half meters. Fruits - bean pods with seeds inside (3-5 pcs.). The color and size of the seeds depends on the variety. The bean belongs to the cold-hardy types of crops. Seedlings appear at +3 ° C, in case of freezing they calmly tolerate a decrease to -4 ° C. Favorable temperature for fruit ripening + 20-25 ° C... The only thing is that the vegetable requires abundant watering, which is important for a good, juicy, tasty harvest. Seeds of a milky degree of maturity are used for food, mainly canned or home-cooked.
Variety of varieties
Not many varieties of vegetables are known, despite the fact that our ancient ancestors have grown it since time immemorial. Bean varieties are divided, depending on the ripening period of the fruit, into the following groups:
- Early (60-65 days pass from the emergence of sprouts to the harvest of the first pods).
- Medium early (65–75 days).
- Mid-season (70–90 days).
- Late - about 100 days.
A conditional classification of beans, based on the selection directions of crop cultivation, is also widespread. There are two types of varieties:
- Northern. The peculiarities of this species are early maturity of plants and unpretentious care. The varieties are intended for regions with low temperatures in summer.
- Breeders recommend cultivating the Western European class of varieties in the southern and central regions of the country, where the climate is hotter.
The best novelties of modern breeding
To decide which type of vegetable will give the desired harvest, you should carefully study the agrotechnical characteristics of various varieties.
- "Belarusian" - mid-season, tall variety of beans (100-140 cm). Up to six fruits are formed on one plant. Ripeness occurs in about 70 days, the harvest is harvested after 100 days. The pod is large, straight, contains 3 to 5 seeds. The fruits are juicy, fleshy, tasty. One of the most popular varieties in central Russia.
- "Pink flamingo" - a novelty in the group of mid-early varieties. A high-yielding variety of vegetable crops - capable of forming up to 15 pods. The height of the plant is about 60 cm. The seeds are bright pink in color, the length of the bean is 7 cm. During the period of active flowering, trimming the tops stimulates the accelerated ripening of the seeds.
- "Russian blacks"... Description of the variety: medium early, cold-resistant, differs from others in its pronounced sugar taste. Branched shoots, from 60 cm to 100 cm high. The pod is small ~ 8 cm, contains 3 beans inside. The fruits are very tender and sweet. At the time of technical maturity, the seeds are light green in color, by the time they are fully ripe, they darken to a beautiful purple hue. Black beans are preferably planted in a sunny location. It is necessary to monitor the moisture content of the soil, avoiding stagnant water.
- "Windsor Whites" - mid-season, high-yield variety obtained by European breeders. It has proven itself well in regions with a cold climate, as it perfectly withstands frost in spring. Shoots reach a height of 100–120 cm. The plant forms large, smooth, fleshy pods with 2–3 milky green beans, which acquire a brown color during ripening. The beans of this variety have a wonderful taste and are rich in vitamins A, B, C. In terms of calorie content, they surpass potatoes several times.
- "Patio" - one of the earliest ripening undersized varieties, the height of the bush is only 30–40 cm. You can organize planting even on the balcony and enjoy the sugar vegetable after 60 days. The plant looks harmoniously as a border in garden plots.
Secrets of growing legumes
Loamy soil, well fertilized with organic fertilizers, is optimal for the cultivation of vegetable beans. Sandy and acidic ground is absolutely not suitable for this plant. A high yield is obtained after planting seeds in areas where tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage grew before them. These vegetables are considered ideal precursors for legumes.
The sowing calendar begins at the end of April - for the central regions and in the first ten days of May - for the northern regions of the country. Low-growing varieties of beans are planted in beds at a distance of about 20 cm from each other. For tall ones, it is recommended to dig in special supports for a climbing plant next to the holes, which help to grow and ripen correctly.
The planting depth of seeds varies from the type of soil, on clayey heavy ones it is 5 cm, and on light ones - 7 cm.
Legumes are demanding for watering, timely loosening and abundant soil moisture ensures a large amount of juicy and sugar beans.
Having tried the beans once, it is impossible to refuse to cultivate them in your garden. Eating this vegetable, we not only delight ourselves with a tasty product, but also maintain health due to its beneficial qualities.
Article rating:
Bean varieties: classification and description Link to main publication
Varieties of vegetable beans in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, there are less than two dozen.
We don't have a lot of sugar beans that can be eaten with shutters (Velen variety). Basically, plants are valuable as seeds in milk ripeness, which are used in home cooking and for canning. Let's talk about relatively new such varieties.
When deciding to buy bean seeds, keep in mind that early varieties do not fail in unpleasant weather surprises and can even be grown in northern regions where farming is possible.
Decide which varieties are preferable for you: undersized beans (30-55 cm in height) are quicker and easier to care for than tall beans (70-140 cm). High yields are more productive, but they are also more difficult to grow: you will need a special support, additional space.
By maturity bean varieties are divided into early, mid-early, mid-season and late.
From the emergence of mass shoots to the first collection, 60-65 days pass in the early ones, in the middle-early 65-72 days, in the middle-ripe 72-91 days, in the late ones up to 110 days.
 ANNAEarly ripe variety. The plant is tall, slightly branched. The bob is long, wide, dark green, straight. The height of the lower pod attachment is 30 cm. The seeds are large. Weight 1000 pieces 850-870 g. Productivity 200-350 g per 1 m2. |
 BELARUSIANLate-ripening variety.The plant is erect, 60-120 cm high, with good development reaches 200 cm. Pods are straight, 8-11 cm long, each with 3-5 seeds, the first fruit is laid above the 6-7th leaf. In technical ripeness, the beans are elongated-oval, dark green, when ripe they are flat, light brown, with time they turn brown. |
 BOBCHINSKYMedium early grade. The plant is tall, weak branching. The bob is long, medium wide, green. The seeds are purple when ripe, very large. Weight of 1000 seeds up to 1100 g. Productivity 300-400 g per 1 m2. |
| VELENA Medium early high-yielding variety. The plant is erect, slightly branched, 80-100 cm high. The first pod is located above the 6-9th leaf. The beans are large, 10-12 cm long, curved, contain 3-4 seeds. Seeds are rounded-angular, light yellow. |
| VIROVSKIE Mid-season variety. The plant is 86-96 cm high. The beans are slightly curved, 8.5 cm long, 2.1 cm wide, contain 3-4 seeds. 24-26 beans are formed on the plant, the first is laid at a height of 14-28 cm from the ground. Seeds are large, oval, whitish to lemon-yellow in color. The plant is resistant to a whole range of diseases. |
| SUMMER RESIDENT Early variety. The plant is tall, medium branching. Pods are long, wide, slightly curved. The height of attachment of the first bean is 25-27 cm. Seeds are elliptical, beige, large, yield 600 g per m2. |
| CHILD DELIGHT Early ripe variety. The plant is tall, medium-branched. The bob is very long, wide, curved. Attachment of the first pod in 12-15 cm. Seeds are light, large, oval. Productivity 580 g per 1 m2. |
 GIANTMid-season new variety. The plant is of medium height and branching. The bob is long, not too wide. Seeds are beige, very large. Weight of 1000 seeds 1230-1340 g. Productivity 800 g per 1 m2. |
 OPTICSEarly ripe variety. The plant is of medium height; 25-27 semi-feathery, very long, wide beans ripen on it. They are large, cuboid, beige. Weight of 1000 seeds 1600 g. Productivity 560 g per 1 m2. |
 PINK FLAMINGOMid-season variety. The plant is tall, branching is average. The beans are long, very wide. There are 7-16 beans on the plant, the first is laid at a height of 21-25 cm. The seeds are large, red, yield 0.3 kg / m ^. |
 RUSSIAN BLACKEarly variety, old. The plant is branched, 60-110 cm high. Beans without a parchment layer, medium-sized, slightly curved, wrinkled, contain mainly 3 seeds. The leaves are fleshy, tender, green in technical ripeness, do not crack when the seeds ripen. The first bean is tied over the 5-6th leaf. Unripe seeds are light in color, ripe dark purple, almost black, wrinkled. The variety is resistant to drought and lodging. |
 YANKEL BYALYMedium early grade. The plant is tall, branching is average. The beans are long, strongly curved, green. The height of the first pod attachment is 21-27 cm. The seeds are large, ovoid, beige. |
Bean seeds, if stored properly, do not lose their germination for 5-6 years.
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You don't often see a bean dish on the dinner table today. This undeservedly forgotten vegetable has a high nutritional value. In terms of protein content, it can compete with meat and completely replace it in the human diet. In addition, the beans contain vitamins, pectic acid, a large amount of trace elements necessary for the full functioning of the human body. Having planted a plant once at their summer cottage, gardeners will no longer be able to refuse to continue their friendship with such a necessary and useful vegetable.
What is a bean and what is it eaten with
An annual plant, belongs to the legume family. It has a taproot that grows deep into the soil. Stem - erect, dense, thickened. It reaches a height of about 30 to 80 cm, some varieties grow up to one and a half meters. Fruits - bean pods with seeds inside (3-5 pcs.). The color and size of the seeds depends on the variety. The bean belongs to the cold-hardy types of crops. Seedlings appear at +3 ° C, in case of freezing they calmly tolerate a decrease to -4 ° C. Favorable temperature for fruit ripening + 20-25 ° C... The only thing is that the vegetable requires abundant watering, which is important for a good, juicy, tasty harvest. Seeds of a milky degree of maturity are used for food, mainly canned or home-cooked.
Variety of varieties
Not many varieties of vegetables are known, despite the fact that our ancient ancestors have grown it since time immemorial. Bean varieties are divided, depending on the ripening period of the fruit, into the following groups:
- Early (60-65 days pass from the emergence of sprouts to the harvest of the first pods).
- Medium early (65–75 days).
- Mid-season (70–90 days).
- Late - about 100 days.
A conditional classification of beans, based on the selection directions of crop cultivation, is also widespread. There are two types of varieties:
- Northern. The peculiarities of this species are early maturity of plants and unpretentious care. The varieties are intended for regions with low temperatures in summer.
- Breeders recommend cultivating the Western European class of varieties in the southern and central regions of the country, where the climate is hotter.
The best novelties of modern breeding
To decide which type of vegetable will give the desired harvest, you should carefully study the agrotechnical characteristics of various varieties.
- "Belarusian" - mid-season, tall variety of beans (100-140 cm). Up to six fruits are formed on one plant. Ripeness occurs in about 70 days, the harvest is harvested after 100 days. The pod is large, straight, contains 3 to 5 seeds. The fruits are juicy, fleshy, tasty. One of the most popular varieties in central Russia.
- "Pink flamingo" - a novelty in the group of mid-early varieties. A high-yielding variety of vegetable crops - capable of forming up to 15 pods. The height of the plant is about 60 cm. The seeds are bright pink in color, the length of the bean is 7 cm. During the period of active flowering, trimming the tops stimulates the accelerated ripening of the seeds.
- "Russian blacks"... Description of the variety: medium early, cold-resistant, differs from others in its pronounced sugar taste. Branched shoots, from 60 cm to 100 cm high. The pod is small ~ 8 cm, contains 3 beans inside. The fruits are very tender and sweet.At the time of technical maturity, the seeds have a light green color, by the time they are fully ripe, they darken to a beautiful purple hue. Black beans are preferably planted in a sunny location. It is necessary to monitor the moisture content of the soil, avoiding stagnant water.
- "Windsor Whites" - mid-season, high-yield variety obtained by European breeders. It has proven itself well in regions with a cold climate, as it perfectly withstands frost in spring. Shoots reach a height of 100–120 cm. The plant forms large, smooth, fleshy pods with 2–3 milky green beans, which acquire a brown color during ripening. The beans of this variety have a wonderful taste and are rich in vitamins A, B, C. In terms of calorie content, they surpass potatoes several times.
- "Patio" - one of the earliest maturing low-growing varieties, the height of the bush is only 30–40 cm. You can organize planting even on the balcony and enjoy the sugar vegetable after 60 days. The plant looks harmoniously as a border in garden plots.
Secrets of growing legumes
Loamy soil, well fertilized with organic fertilizers, is optimal for the cultivation of vegetable beans. Sandy and acidic ground is absolutely not suitable for this plant. A high yield is obtained after planting seeds in areas where tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage grew before them. These vegetables are considered ideal precursors for legumes.
The sowing calendar begins at the end of April - for the central regions and in the first ten days of May - for the northern regions of the country. Low-growing varieties of beans are planted in beds at a distance of about 20 cm from each other. For tall ones, it is recommended to dig in special supports for a climbing plant next to the holes, which help to grow and ripen correctly.
The planting depth of seeds varies from the type of soil, on clayey heavy ones it is 5 cm, and on light ones - 7 cm.
Legumes are demanding for watering, timely loosening and abundant soil moisture ensures a large amount of juicy and sugar beans.
Having tried the beans once, it is impossible to refuse to cultivate them in your garden. Eating this vegetable, we not only delight ourselves with a tasty product, but also maintain health due to its beneficial qualities.
Article rating:
Bean varieties: classification and description Link to main publication
Varieties of vegetable beans in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, there are less than two dozen.
We don't have a lot of sugar beans that can be eaten with shutters (Velen variety). Basically, plants are valuable as seeds in milk ripeness, which are used in home cooking and for canning. Let's talk about relatively new such varieties.
When deciding to buy bean seeds, keep in mind that early varieties do not fail in unpleasant weather surprises and can even be grown in northern regions where farming is possible.
Decide which varieties are preferable for you: undersized beans (30-55 cm in height) are quicker and easier to care for than tall beans (70-140 cm). High yields are more productive, but they are also more difficult to grow: you will need a special support, additional space.
By maturity bean varieties are divided into early, mid-early, mid-season and late.
From the emergence of mass shoots to the first collection, 60-65 days pass in the early ones, in the middle-early 65-72 days, in the middle-ripe 72-91 days, in the late ones up to 110 days.
 ANNAEarly ripe variety. The plant is tall, slightly branched. The bob is long, wide, dark green, straight. The height of the lower pod attachment is 30 cm. The seeds are large. Weight 1000 pieces 850-870 g. Productivity 200-350 g per 1 m2. |
 BELARUSIANLate-ripening variety. The plant is erect, 60-120 cm high, with good development reaches 200 cm. Pods are straight, 8-11 cm long, each with 3-5 seeds, the first fruit is laid above the 6-7th leaf.In technical ripeness, the beans are elongated-oval, dark green, when ripe they are flat, light brown, with time they turn brown. |
 BOBCHINSKYMedium early grade. The plant is tall, weak branching. The bob is long, medium wide, green. The seeds are purple when ripe, very large. Weight of 1000 seeds up to 1100 g. Productivity 300-400 g per 1 m2. |
| VELENA Medium early high-yielding variety. The plant is erect, slightly branched, 80-100 cm high. The first pod is located above the 6-9th leaf. The beans are large, 10-12 cm long, curved, contain 3-4 seeds. Seeds are rounded-angular, light yellow. |
| VIROVSKIE Mid-season variety. The plant is 86-96 cm high. The beans are slightly curved, 8.5 cm long, 2.1 cm wide, contain 3-4 seeds. 24-26 beans are formed on the plant, the first is laid at a height of 14-28 cm from the ground. Seeds are large, oval, whitish to lemon-yellow in color. The plant is resistant to a whole range of diseases. |
| SUMMER RESIDENT Early variety. The plant is tall, medium branching. Pods are long, wide, slightly curved. The height of attachment of the first bean is 25-27 cm. Seeds are elliptical, beige, large, yield 600 g per m2. |
| CHILD DELIGHT Early ripe variety. The plant is tall, medium-branched. The bob is very long, wide, curved. Attachment of the first pod in 12-15 cm. Seeds are light, large, oval. Productivity 580 g per 1 m2. |
 GIANTMid-season new variety. The plant is of medium height and branching. The bob is long, not too wide. Seeds are beige, very large. Weight of 1000 seeds 1230-1340 g. Productivity 800 g per 1 m2. |
 OPTICSEarly ripe variety. The plant is of medium height; 25-27 semi-feathery, very long, wide beans ripen on it. They are large, cuboid, beige. Weight of 1000 seeds 1600 g. Productivity 560 g per 1 m2. |
 PINK FLAMINGOMid-season variety. The plant is tall, branching is average. The beans are long, very wide. There are 7-16 beans on the plant, the first is laid at a height of 21-25 cm. The seeds are large, red, yield 0.3 kg / m ^. |
 RUSSIAN BLACKEarly variety, old. The plant is branched, 60-110 cm high. Beans without a parchment layer, medium-sized, slightly curved, wrinkled, contain mainly 3 seeds. The leaves are fleshy, tender, green in technical ripeness, do not crack when the seeds ripen. The first bean is tied over the 5-6th leaf. Unripe seeds are light in color, ripe dark purple, almost black, wrinkled. The variety is resistant to drought and lodging. |
 YANKEL BYALYMedium early grade. The plant is tall, branching is average. The beans are long, strongly curved, green. The height of the first pod attachment is 21-27 cm. The seeds are large, ovoid, beige. |
Bean seeds, if stored properly, do not lose their germination for 5-6 years.
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Beans are a crop from the legume family. It is grown not only on an industrial scale, but also by amateur gardeners on their backyards. The homeland of the plant is South America, therefore, as you might guess, it is quite thermophilic. But modern varieties bred by breeding differ from the "original", including in greater cold resistance, therefore they successfully take root and yield crops not only in central Russia, but also in Siberia, in the Urals. The culture is rapidly gaining popularity among vegetable growers, as it is tasty and healthy.
What are beans
In nature, there are about 250 varieties of beans, and there are many more varieties and hybrids bred by breeding. Botanists and gardeners classify them according to various criteria.
Based on the appearance of the plant, beans are:
- bush. A low-growing compact plant, the height of adult specimens does not exceed 45–60 cm (in some varieties, only 25–30 cm). It is this type that is most in demand by those who grow beans on an industrial scale, since it allows you to significantly save space when planting. Also, bush beans are valued for their lack of care and cold resistance.It is even suitable for growing in Siberia. Fruits ripen earlier than in other varieties, and “amicably”, practically at the same time;
- curly. Liana-like plant with a thin stem, stretching up to 5-6 m in length. For the vast majority of varieties, a long vegetative period is characteristic, therefore, in the Urals and Siberia, when planting in open ground, the gardener most likely simply will not wait, especially if the summer is not very pleasant in terms of the weather. If you grow such vines on a trellis, they take up very little space. There are also decorative varieties that can be used in landscape design, for example, to create "wings", "green walls";
- half-wriggling. It does not differ from the previous variety in almost nothing with one exception: the length of the stem does not exceed 2 m.
Bush beans are a fairly compact plant.
Beans can have edible beans themselves or whole pods. Interestingly, beans used to be considered rough food, suitable exclusively for the common people. But the pods were very popular with the aristocracy. Depending on which part of the plant is used for food, beans are:
- grain (shelling). Only beans are edible in such species. Even young pods are very tough and unsuitable for food. But the beans are extremely tasty and nutritious. Often, due to the color, they look very unusual, so the dishes turn out to be interesting and elegant. Almost all colors of the spectrum are present in the palette - from white and pale yellow to red, dark purple and almost black, including any shades of green. There are also varieties with variegated beans. The tough pod provides good keeping quality and transportability. Interestingly, in Europe and the post-Soviet space, white and green beans are more popular, and in America and Asia, varieties with dark beans are held in high esteem;
- asparagus (vegetable). The whole pod is eaten whole. This variety also has one more name - sugar beans. The pods, even when fully ripened, retain their softness, no hard bloom, similar to hardened wax, appears. They can even be eaten raw. The beans are also soft and tender. They are pretty small. Such beans are used not only for preparing the first and second courses, they can be canned and frozen, including at home;
- semi-sugar. Quite a small group of varieties. In young beans, the whole pod is eaten, when it is fully ripe, it is already inedible. After ripening, you can only eat beans. The pod becomes very tough, coarse fibers appear in it.
Beans in different varieties of beans vary greatly in shape, size and color.
There are also other classifications. In terms of ripening, beans can be early, mid or late ripening. In Russia, mainly the first two varieties are planted so that the crop has time to ripen even in a temperate climate. Early bean beans ripen in 50–65 days or even faster. In mid-ripening varieties, the vegetative period is 75–80 days, and in late-ripening varieties - 3 months or more.
If you take the mass of beans as a criterion, beans can be small, medium, and large. In the first case, a thousand pieces weigh no more than 200 g, in the second - 200-400 g. Large beans are considered with a mass of 400 g or more.
When choosing a variety, it should be borne in mind that red beans owe their color to a high content of antioxidants. These substances effectively remove toxins from the body, slow down the aging process, and stimulate cell renewal. White is notable for its low protein content, but it is very high in iron. It is very useful for those who want to lose weight, as well as for the elderly. Black beans are characterized by a record high content of amino acids, vitamins and microelements. With regular use of food, metabolism and the work of the gastrointestinal tract are normalized.
Beans are not only healthy, but also very tasty.
Not only edible but also ornamental beans are cultivated. Some varieties do not even bring a harvest, but they bloom very beautifully and profusely. Plants are both annual and perennial.
In those varieties that do form pods, the color of the beans necessarily matches the shade of the petals. The most popular among gardeners are varieties with bloody scarlet flowers.
Beans can be grown not only for the sake of the harvest, but also for the purpose of decorating the garden plot
Video: health benefits and harms of beans
In addition to American beans (genus Phaesolis), familiar to gardeners for a long time, there is also its Asian "relative" (genus Vigna). Recently, it has been rapidly gaining popularity. From the point of view of botanists, it is still not a bean, but the opposite opinion has taken root among the people. Its main difference is the size of the pods. In length, they reach 80-100 cm, each with 2-3 dozen beans.
Vigna is a close "relative" of beans, but from the point of view of botanists they are still two different cultures
Varieties popular among Russian gardeners
There are a lot of varieties of beans, so a preliminary study of their description, advantages and disadvantages can make a choice.
Bush beans
Russian gardeners got acquainted with beans relatively recently, but they appreciated this culture very quickly. The most popular with them are bush asparagus varieties, but other varieties are also grown:
- Saks without fiber 615. The variety was created in the USSR in the 40s of the last century. Large beans of early ripening, pods are formed in 45-50 days. They grow up to 9–12 cm in length, slightly curved. Lime beans. The plants are very compact, the height of the bush does not exceed 35–40 cm. Each pod contains 4–10 beans weighing 5–5.2 g. The variety is valued for its good yield (over 2 kg / m²). This is achieved due to the fact that there are 6-10 pods in each sinus. The presence of good immunity against diseases typical of the culture, especially those caused by viruses and bacteria, and anthracnose is also noted. Beans are high in vitamin C and amino acids;
- The oil king. Another extremely popular early maturing variety. One of the recent achievements of breeders. Ripens almost at the same time as Saksa. Suitable for outdoor cultivation in temperate climates. Plant height up to 40 cm, compactness allows you to place 30–35 bushes per 1 m². The flowers are white. The pods are rather large (up to 20–25 cm in length), but thin (1.5–2 cm in diameter), honey-yellow in color. Each contains 4-6 beans. Their weight reaches 4-5.1 g, they are considered large. The variety is suitable for both cooking and canning. The yield is not bad - 2.1–2.3 kg / m²;
- Purple Queen (also known as Purple Lady, Red Duchess, Purple Queen). A mid-season bean variety that is appreciated by gardeners for its extreme ease of care, as well as for its excellent taste. It takes root successfully and brings a bountiful harvest in almost any substrate. The flowers are lilac-pink. The pods are about 15 cm long and have a deep purple color. During heat treatment, they change the shade to dark green. The average weight of the beans is 4.5–6.6 g. The yield varies from 1.6 kg / m² to 3 kg / m²;
- Nagano. An ultra-early Dutch variety, beans ripen in 40–45 days. You can sow these beans in open ground already in mid-May. The variety is distinguished by unpretentious care, resistance to diseases typical of the culture. The pods reach a length of 12-14 cm and are deep green in color. The beans are white or white-green, each containing 4-10 pieces. They weigh about 3.5 g. Average yield - 1.2 kg / m²;
- Bona. Variety from the mid-early category. Originally from Poland. Recommended by the state register for cultivation in the Central region. When planted on time, the crop is harvested in July. It ripens in 45–78 days. The flowers are white. In each axil of the leaf 3–10 green pods 12–15 cm long are formed. Each of them contains 4–6 white glossy beans.The yield is not bad, but not a record one - 1.4 kg / m². The pods are very tender and are good for fresh consumption. The variety is valued for the stability of fruiting, good immunity, suitability for mechanized harvesting;
- Inga. An ultra-early high-yielding bean variety. The growing season is only 45–48 days, you can count on more than 2 kg of beans per 1 m². The pods are pale green, short (8–10 cm), about 2 cm in diameter. Each has 4–10 barrel-shaped beans. Differs in versatility of purpose and compactness of the bush. Its height does not exceed 35 cm;
- Note. Beans of medium ripening. The duration of the vegetative period is 56–59 days. Due to its very high (3.3–3.4 kg / m²) yield, the variety is popular among those who grow crops on an industrial scale. The height of the bush is 35–40 cm. Up to 18–25 bright green pods 12–15 cm long and about 0.8 cm in diameter are formed in the axil of each leaf. The beans are brownish, weighing 2.6 g;
- Cinderella. Early ripe beans. The height of the bush reaches 50–55 cm. The flowers are large, bright pink. The pods are yellowish, slightly curved, 12–14 cm long and about 0.5 cm in diameter. The pods are elliptical, white. Productivity is about 1.7 kg / m². The variety has an "innate" immunity to bacteriosis and anthracnose;
- Dewdrop. The vegetative period is about 2 months (if you are lucky with the weather, the beans ripen faster). The bush grows up to 35–40 cm in height. The pods are light yellow, 10–12 cm long. The beans are snow-white, medium-sized, weighing about 3 g. The variety does not differ in high yield. 1.2 kg of beans ripens per 1 m²;
- Siesta. Early ripening variety. The bushes are undersized, up to 45 cm. The pods are sunny yellow, 12–14 cm long. The beans are white or cream, weighing 4.5–5 g;
- Aida Gold. The pods and beans are golden yellow in color. Dwarf bushes, up to 40 cm. Low yield - 1.1–1.3 kg / m². Suitable for outdoor and greenhouse cultivation. The ripening period for beans is highly dependent on the weather, it can vary from 1.5 months to 70-75 days. Even fully ripe pods do not crumble for a long time;
- Sugar triumph 764. The harvest ripens in 50–65 days. The height of the bush is no more than 40 cm. The flowers are crimson. The pods are light green, slightly flattened, very juicy, 12–16 cm long. The beans are yellow. The yield is not bad - 2 kg / m² or slightly less. The variety is relatively rarely affected by pathogenic fungi;
- Moscow white green-leafed 556. Mid-season variety, the harvest ripens in 50–65 days. Plants are no more than 30–35 cm in height. Lime-colored leaves, glossy. The pods are bright green, 9–11 cm long, the beans are snow-white. The variety is valued for its excellent taste, tolerates both lack and excess of moisture;
- Tatyana. Early beans. The plant is 45-50 cm high. The flowers are large, bright purple. The pods are bright yellow, curved. The beans are almost black, medium to large in size. Their taste is amazing, but the yield, unfortunately, is low - 0.73 kg / m².
Photo gallery: varieties of bush beans
Black Eyed Peas
Asparagus beans can be either bush or curly. Both varieties are quite popular with gardeners.
- Golden nectar. Curly beans. It matures in an average of 2 months. The pods are about 25 cm long, golden, the beans are pale yellow. It is often grown to decorate the site. The flowers are very beautiful golden orange in color. Due to the severity of the crop, it necessarily needs a trellis or other support;
- Winner (Turkish Beans). A late-ripening variety, the harvest will have to wait at least 3 months. Compared to other varieties, this variety of curly beans is quite capricious in its care. It is especially demanding on heat, therefore it is sown quite late, when the probability of recurrent spring frosts is minimal. When planting between plants, you need to leave at least 30 cm, the lashes are strongly spreading. The pods are bright green, 20-30 cm long. The flowers are most often bright scarlet, but can be crimson or pale pink, often there are white streaks and spots on the petals. Flowering is very abundant, it lasts from June to September.Pods are pale lilac, pinkish or almost white with a pattern of brown-black spots or monochromatic;
- Sweet courage. Early beans from the bush category. The height of the plants does not exceed 40 cm. The flowers are snow-white. The harvest ripens in 45–55 days, very amicably. The pods are bright yellow, cylindrical, slightly curved, reaching 15–16 cm in length. The beans are snow-white, medium-sized (about 3 g). The yield is not bad, 1.8–3.3 kg / m²;
- Crane. An early bush variety. The crop ripens in an average of 50 days. Plants are compact, 40–52 cm high. The variety is easy to care for. Designed mainly for winter freezing and canning. The length of the bright green pod is 11.7–13 cm, the diameter is up to 1 cm. The beans are snow-white, weighing 2.9–3.2 g. The yield is not too high - 0.9–1.3 kg / m². The variety is not affected by bacteriosis;
- Panther. One of the most common varieties of asparagus beans. The height of the bush is up to 40 cm. The beans ripen in 2 months or a little more. Fruiting is amicable. It is advisable to plant seeds in a well-warmed substrate. The beans are yellow and fleshy. The pods are slightly paler, curved, up to 15 cm in length. The variety has a very high immunity to bacteriosis and anthracnose. Also appreciated for its good yield (over 3 kg / m²).
Photo gallery: popular varieties of asparagus beans
Curly beans
Climbing beans can be grown not only for the sake of harvesting, but also as a stage crop if other plantings need to be shaded.
- Blauchilde (Bluhilda). A very powerful vine, which definitely needs support. The lashes grow up to 5 m in length, the pods - up to 25 cm. The pods and flowers are inky purple, over time the leaves also acquire a lilac hue. The crop ripens in 95-110 days. These beans begin to bloom quite early, flowering continues almost until the first frost. Harvest on time - overripe pods become harsh. When heat treated, they turn green. The beans are lined, weighing about 5 g, creamy beige. After cooking, they become a little oily;
- Turkish Woman (also known as Fiery Red). Mid-season variety of asparagus beans. The length of the liana is 3–3.5 m. Thick foliage is characteristic. The stems are thin. The flowers are snow-white. The length of the flattened pods is 18 cm, the diameter is slightly more than 2 cm. They are painted in a salad color with inky purple spots. The average yield is 4–4.5 kg / m². The variety almost never suffers from bacteriosis and anthracnose;
- Harmony. Semi-sugar beans. The variety has an average ripening period (65–80 days). Differs in unpretentiousness in care and yield stability. Fruiting is extended, continues until the first frost. The length of the vine is 3-4 m. The pods are pale golden, about 20 cm long. The yield per plant is 0.3-0.5 kg of snow-white beans. They are slightly elongated in shape, reniform;
- Spanish white. It is appreciated for the large size of the beans and their excellent taste. The pods are not edible. They are painted bright green, with an average diameter of 2.5 cm, reaching 11-15 cm in length. Each contains 3-5 beans weighing about 7 g. The crop ripens in 70-75 days. The length of a powerful liana is up to 4 m. The flowers are large, with snow-white petals;
- Borlotto. Asparagus beans are native to Italy. The length of the liana reaches 3–3.5 m. It takes 55–60 days to the stage of technical maturity, and 70–80 days to the full ripening of the beans. The flowers are fiery red. The pods grow up to 12-14 cm in length. On the cream background, a pink-scarlet pattern gradually appears, similar to the stains on marble. Each of them contains 4–5 beans of the same color. As they ripen, a similar pattern appears on them. After boiling, these beans acquire a light nutty flavor;
- Green giant. Curly asparagus beans. The pods are large, 20–22 cm long, tender and juicy. The length of the vine is about 3 m. The first pods ripen 55 days after planting, then fruiting continues until the first frost. The flowers are small, the color of the petals varies from pale lilac to bright purple;
- Violetta (Violet).Also known as Draconic Tongues among gardeners. The length of the liana is up to 2.5 m. The flowers are large, mauve. The pods are painted in a delicate lilac color. The beans, as they ripen, change their hue from salad to brownish. Productivity - 2.3–2.5 kg / m²;
- Nomad. A variety of medium early ripening. The beans are ovoid, sandy in color with a pattern of fine lilac strokes. It is valued for its high resistance to anthracnose and good resistance to gray rot. When grown in a greenhouse in a temperate climate, fruiting continues until the end of October;
- Gerda. Early ripening asparagus beans. The length of the vine does not exceed 3 m. Support is required. The pods are pale yellow, up to 20 cm long and just over 1 cm in diameter. Productivity - about 4 kg / m². The flowers are small, snow-white. The beans are also white, medium-sized;
- Gold neck. An early ripe asparagus variety. Liana is very short, rarely grows more than 1.6 m. Flowers are large, snow-white. The pods are curved, pale yellow. Productivity - 2.8 kg / m². The beans are medium and large, white;
- Festival RZ. Semi-sugar variety of Dutch selection. Recommended by the state register for cultivation in greenhouses. The crop ripens in 67 days. The length of the liana reaches 2–3 m. The pods are straight, bright green, very large (up to 35 cm), but do not exceed 1.5–1.7 cm in diameter. The beans are salad-colored, each pod contains 10 pieces. The variety has a long fresh shelf life and is also suitable for freezing. The yield is very high - 9–11 kg / m²;
- Lambada. Medium late asparagus beans. It is appreciated by gardeners for its drought and cold resistance, excellent taste. The length of the liana rarely exceeds 3 m. The flowers are pale pink. Pods 25–28 cm long, curved, flat, lettuce-colored with vague purple spots. Productivity - 3 kg / m²;
- Pink. The length of the vine reaches 2.5–3 m. The crop ripens in 65–80 days. Pods up to 20 cm, each with 6-10 beans. On the general salad background, bright purple thin strokes and stains are clearly visible. Differs in excellent taste;
- Fatima. A high-yielding variety, 3.2–3.5 kg of beans are harvested from 1 m². The length of the liana is up to 3 m. A distinctive feature of the variety is the aligned, straight pods. They are very delicate, lettuce-colored, reach 21 cm in length and 2 cm in diameter. Each contains 4-10 beans. The height of the bush is 40–45 cm. The variety is classified as early. The crop ripens in an average of 55 days. Elongated fruiting, excellent taste;
- Hell Rem. The variety is unremarkable in almost nothing, except for a pronounced aroma, reminiscent of the smell of mushrooms. Because of this, it is widely used in cooking. The pods are very delicate, pale yellow, the beans are pinkish.
Photo gallery: varieties of curly beans
Shelling (grain) beans
Beans extracted from shelling beans must be soaked in cold water for at least 2-3 hours before eating, and then boiled for at least 60 minutes. They have a very high nutritional value; for vegetarians they may well replace meat products.
- Chocolate girl. The variety is medium late, the harvest ripens in 80-100 days. The height of the bush is 33–62 cm. The flowers are bright pink. The beans have an unusual dark brown color. The variety is distinguished by drought and heat resistance, it is recommended for cultivation in the southern regions. Ripening pods do not crumble from the bush. The amino acid content of beans is slightly lower than that of most types of beans. It is rarely affected by anthracnose and bacteriosis, more often by ascochitis;
- Martin. The variety is medium early, undersized, the height of the bush is no more than 40 cm. The pods grow up to 15 cm in length. The beans are snow-white, covered with bright purple spots. They are mostly round in shape. These beans are unpretentious, drought-resistant, have a good "innate" immunity;
- Ruby. Shrub variety of average ripening period (74–87 days). Plant height varies from 25 cm to 57 cm. The flowers are pink. The pods are narrow, 12–15 cm long. The beans are rich cherry color, sometimes with a purple undertone. The shade is preserved during heat treatment. The protein content in beans is very high, up to 27%.The variety does not suffer from bacteriosis. Demanding on lighting and soil quality;
- The mistress's dream. The variety has an average ripening period (64–86 days). Recommended by the state register for cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory. The bush is 31–58 cm high. The flowers are white. The pods are flattened, 20–25 cm long. The beans are very large, monochromatic, snow-white. The variety is drought-resistant, mature pods do not crumble. The plant rarely suffers from ascochitis and anthracnose;
- Ballad. Bush beans of medium late ripening (77-105 days). Plant height - 36-50 cm. The flowers are pink. The pods are solid, bright green. The beans are creamy beige or yellowish, with small lilac specks. The variety is drought-resistant. Differs in a high content of amino acids. Practically does not suffer from bacteriosis, can become infected with anthracnose;
- Little Red Riding Hood. The height of the bush does not exceed 35 cm. The leaves are lime-colored, the flowers are snow-white. The beans are white with a bright red spot covering about half the surface area. The crop ripens in 95-100 days. Fruiting is amicable.
Photo gallery: varieties of grain beans
Video: Grain and Asparagus Beans
Unusual varieties of beans
Some varieties of beans bred by breeders look so that not everyone will dare to try these beans. Although, at the same time, they often differ in an unusual taste or have other features inherent only to this variety.
- Black eye. The beans are white, small, with a thin skin. They do not need to be soaked before cooking. Each has a small black spot. Because of this, the variety got its name;
- Preto. The beans are black with a fine white rib. The core is beige and cream. They have a pronounced berry aroma. The taste is sweet, with a slight piquant bitterness. The skin is very dense, they are boiled for at least 1.5 hours;
- Kidney. The beans are shaped like kidneys. They are painted in a very dark red color, which appears black from a distance. In the process of heat treatment, the skin becomes thinner to such an extent that it practically disappears, its color changes to pastel pink;
- Welt. Bright pink or raspberry glossy beans contrast very effectively with lettuce pods covered with lilac touches. The undoubted advantage of the variety is its good resistance to anthracnose and ascochitosis.
Photo gallery: varieties with unusual fruits
How to choose a variety for your region
The climate in central Russia, of course, is not subtropical, but rather mild. Gardeners are very unlucky with the weather in summer. Accordingly, under these conditions, almost all varieties of beans can be grown, even climbing beans, which have the longest growing season. But still, to be on the safe side, it is better to plant the latter with seedlings. Therefore, when choosing, you can focus mainly on the yield, taste and size of the plants.
The Urals and Siberia are deservedly considered "the zone of risky agriculture." When grown in the open field, only early-ripening and mid-early varieties of beans have time to ripen there. We will have to abandon the climbing varieties, unless they are planted solely for the purpose of decorating the site. In open ground in these regions, it is advisable to plant beans with seedlings.
Reviews
Growing beans is not such a difficult procedure. Modern varieties yield crops not only in the usual conditions for the culture, but also in temperate climates. The plant was appreciated by vegetable growers in central Russia, the Urals, Siberia. Certain difficulties arise at the stage of choosing a variety, because the assortment in stores is extremely wide. Therefore, it is advisable to first familiarize yourself with their description, learn about the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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