Full description of the Veles pear variety

In addition to its taste, pear is also famous for its beneficial properties. The Veles pear variety differs from other varieties for its delicious fruits and ease of care.

Description of the variety

Let's start with a description of the variety. Pear Veles is the result of crossing Lesnaya Krasavitsa and Venus varieties, the second name of the variety is "Daughter Excellent". We worked on breeding a new variety N.V. Efimova and Yu.A. Petrov. Veles immediately interested many gardeners, and for good reason. Smooth, with thin skin, beautiful fruit shape, Veles pear has excellent taste... The fruits are sweet, fleshy, juicy, with a pleasant aroma.

Pear fruits change color, fruits of green-light green shades in the middle of summer, change to yellow ones closer to August. The side of the pear, on which the sun's rays fall, acquires orange-red tones, and the side in the shade remains green. Because of such metamorphoses, pear fruits look very beautiful and unusual. In addition, the fruits are large, have the shape of a flashlight, the narrow part of the pear is at the top, round at the bottom. One pear can weigh up to 200 grams!

Veles pear belongs to the autumn varieties. The tree blooms in spring, with white, fragrant inflorescences. Fruits are formed during the summer, fruit ripening begins in early August.

You can pick ripe fruits in early September, but ... The pear variety is perfectly stored in the harvested state until winter. And if you need to preserve the fruits until the cold weather, then it is worth collecting the pear, when it is solid, carefully remove the fruits from the tree without damaging them. Damaged fruits (fallen or with dents on the skin) quickly rot and are not suitable for storage.

In order for pear fruits to be stored until spring, it is better to put them in a box, and each fruit must be wrapped in newspaper... So, a pear can be stored in a cool place for several months.

The tree itself is more than 4-5 m high with a thick and brownish trunk. Branches are sprawling, curved, of medium thickness, gray-brown in color. The leaf blade of an adult tree is dark green, young leaves are light green in color.

Advantages and disadvantages

The variety has a beautiful appearance, which makes it attractive for sale. The tree is also resistant to various diseases and pests, not afraid of cold weather and harsh weather. The harvest brings every year, does not need "rest", besides, the number of fruits increases every year.

But the variety also has some disadvantages, for example, with a plentiful harvest, the fruits become smaller in size... This can be easily remedied with regular pruning of the tree. Freezing of the kidneys is also observed during the ripening of the fruit.

Diseases and pests

Powdery mildew - the first signs of this disease are the formation of a white thin bloom on inflorescences, shoots and leaves, which eventually becomes brown and leaves behind black dots. It is important to deal with this problem before budding, with Skor or Topaz. Before flowering, it is better to use Hom, but after harvesting, it is worth spraying the tree with copper sulfate.

Fruit rot is often seen on fruits as brown spots, in this regard, the core of the fruit turns brown. The fruits rot and become unfit for eating. Before flowering, the tree can be treated with Hom, and after flowering, apply Oxykh.

Often the pear is exposed to bacterial burns, the leaves of the tree turn black, and the annual shoots dry up. You can fight this disease with a solution of copper sulfate or Hom. It is also important to cut off infected leaves and shoots and burn them.

Cracking the bark is just as dangerous for the pear; cracked trunk makes it more vulnerable to insects and other diseases. A common lime solution will protect the tree from cracks in the crown.

In addition to diseases, the pear "attracts" many pests. Among them, the hawthorn stands out, which feeds on ovaries, inflorescences and leaves of a tree, and is also capable of eating young branches. Before bud break, you need to spray the tree with Karbofos or Entobacterin.

Copperhead is a pest that causes yellowing of leaves. They curl up and fall off. It also feeds on flowers and leaves of a tree. You can fight it with Vermitic or Hom solution.

The moth causes the fruit to fall off and rot. You need to fight it with Apollo or Vermitic preparations.

Landing

Choosing a place and time for boarding

When choosing a place where to plant a pear, it is important to remember that a pear is a thermophilic plant, therefore it must be planted in a bright area, not only the growth of the tree depends on this, but also the level of sugar content in the fruits. Also, do not plant a pear in open areas, the winds negatively affect the growth of the tree. It is better to plant a pear near the house, where it will have enough sunlight.

As for the time for planting, the Veles variety can be planted both in winter and in autumn. Planting in spring protects the tree from rodents, moreover, over the summer, the root system will grow near the tree, and it will winter better. However, when planting pears in the spring, the pit needs to be prepared in the fall. After all, a tree planted in a fresh hole suffers from subsidence of the earth.

In autumn, it is better to plant a pear in mid or late September, a couple of weeks before the onset of frost. You should also prepare the pits in advance so that the pear has time to take root in a new place and not suffer from frost.

The soil

The pear grows well on almost all soils, it is not afraid of clay soils and soils with a minimum amount of fertilizers. But for growth and productivity, it is better to choose fertile soils.

but do not plant a tree on swampy soilwhere groundwater lies close to the roots. From excess moisture, the root system of the tree suffers and is subject to diseases.

Planting pear Veles

For pear growth, it is important to choose the right planting material.

When buying, you need to pay attention not only to the appearance of the tree, its branches should not be broken, damaged by cracks and diseases. The foliage should have a natural green color, and the veins should be visible on the underside of the leaf, which means that the tree is healthy, and in the nursery it was properly cared for.Also, the root system should not be damaged, the roots do not show signs of disease, brownish or gray.

When planting a seedling, you need to properly prepare the pit. Its size depends on the root system of the seedling, but it is also not worth making a too deep and large hole, you can just cut the roots. It is dug to a depth of no more than half a meter. Peat or manure is placed on the bottom, the mixture is mixed with the ground.

Now a bucket of water is poured into the pit so that the earth settles a little. So that the tree grows evenly and does not bend to the side, you can immediately install a small wooden stalk in the hole. After that, the seedling is placed in a hole so that the root collar is 8-10 cm higher than the ground.

Further, the seedling can be tied to the cutting, and be sure to water the tree with 2-3 buckets of warm water. Further watering will be required for the tree in 3-4 days. The soil around the cutting should be mulched with grass or leaves, so the soil will retain moisture longer.

Pear Veles quickly enough takes root in new places, she is not afraid of transplants. With the correct planting of the tree, in a couple of weeks new leaves will begin to form on it (if the planting took place in the spring), which means that the young tree has taken root in a new place and is ready to grow.

Watering

Watering is important not only for a young seedling, but also for an adult tree. After planting, the ground around the seedling must be watered 2-3 times a week. 2 buckets of warm water should be sufficient for growth.

The plant has matured, especially when it began to bear fruit, it also needs watering. Moreover, it is especially important to shed the tree well in the spring, before flowering. Water it every week with a little water. The second careful watering must be carried out before the formation of fruits, it is at this time that the pear needs moisture.

There are several ways to water a tree:

First, with the help of rotating mechanisms, i.e. rain method. Water will nourish the earth drop by drop. However, with this method of irrigation, the water gets far around the tree, so there will be much more weeds around.

Secondly, you can dig a small trench around the tree trunk and gently pour water into it.

Top dressing

Pears are fed several times a year. The first top dressing is applied before flowering begins. Better to use nitrate, carbimide or urea.

The second feeding is carried out after flowering.... It is good to apply the so-called "green" fertilizer. A small trench is dug around the tree, into which food waste, grass, leaves and manure are placed. In this mass, the presence of soil is mandatory.

The third top dressing is applied in mid-September, it is better to feed the tree with mineral fertilizers, sawdust or ash. But the introduction of nitrogen in the winter is strictly prohibited.

Pruning

Pear pruning is done so that all branches receive light to grow. For the first time 2 years, a young tree does not need pruning, it only forms branches, so excessive pruning will only slow down the growth of the pear.

But from the 3rd year of growth, the pear needs pruning, which can be carried out with a sharp knife or pruner. The first step is to cut branches that grow at right angles. Fruits rarely arise on such branches, moreover, they block the light of the lower-growing shoots. Branches are left growing at an angle of 60-70 degrees, they withstand heavy fruits in autumn.

The remaining branches are shortened by a third of the length. The central branch is also cut off, but its height must exceed the height of other shoots by 20-30 cm.In the 4th year, young shoots are also cut off.

Also, regardless of the year of growth of the tree, sanitary pruning is performed, i.e. broken, dried branches are cut out. During the summer, if the branch has been infected with diseases or pests, do not wait until autumn. You need to cut it off immediately so that the whole tree does not become infected.

Preparing for winter

The pear of the Veles variety perfectly survives cold winters. But preparing the tree for winter protects it from low temperatures and pests that hibernate in the roots or bark of the tree.

In the fall, you need to collect all the fruits from the tree. Next, you need to collect the foliage around the trunk and dig in the ground. This procedure is necessary for the roots to receive more oxygen and to remove insects.

Veles pear is a real find for gardeners. Not only does this variety have beautiful and large fruits, but they are in no way inferior in taste to many other varieties. Delicious, sweet and fleshy fruits ripen closer to autumn, remain on the tree for a long time, and in the torn form they keep the taste for a long time. In addition, the variety does not need special care, it is resistant to cold weather, diseases and pests.