Turkish carnation terry planting and care in the open field

In most of our gardens, you can find a bright, multi-colored, patterned, profusely blooming flower - the Turkish carnation (Dianthus barbatus). Its neat variegated bushes look especially impressive on lawn compositions in combination with ornamental grass or other types of the Turkish carnation itself.

Did you know? Turkish carnation is not only beautiful to look at, but also has an alluring, subtle, spicy scent.
The Turkish carnation has the following description: it is a decorative biennial or perennial flower with densely flowering spherical inflorescences of various shades. The petals are delicate, they are simple or double. The color of the petals is very diverse - there are monochromatic species, and there are 3-4 shades that combine in themselves. The color of the inflorescences is white, pink-white, raspberry-red, white-dark pink, white-gray-pink, white-violet, raspberry-white, red-claret, purple-white, burgundy-black, etc.

Important! In full force, the Turkish carnation blooms only in the second year after planting. In the first year, the plant takes root and grows root foliage. Leaves are narrow, long, lanceolate, with a characteristic blue-green tint. Stem - erect, strong, with fine knotty. In height, a Turkish carnation is short - up to 14-15 cm in height, and tall - 45-55 cm and even up to 65-70 cm in height.

Description of the flower

Dianthus barbatus is a species of the clove family and enjoys a temperate climate. Unlike the Chinese carnation (Dianthus chinensis), the Turkish carnation is a frequent inhabitant of flower beds, front gardens of garden plots.

She, like her Chinese relative, in the first year of life forms only bushes with rosettes of leaves. From the second, it begins to simultaneously throw out peduncles and additional rosettes of leaves. This allows her to bloom in all her glory for up to 4 years. However, flower growers, summer residents, residents of private houses often grow these cultivated garden varieties as biennials.

Small flowers form umbrellas with lush, fragrant bright inflorescences up to 15 cm in diameter. They are located on each stem. The flowers have 4 bracts each with a beard-like shaggy border around the edges. It was they who gave her the name "bearded".

Turkish carnation has a huge variety of colors of simple and double flowers. They can be red, crimson, burgundy, pink, white or variegated with different shades, patterns in the form of borders, specks, strokes. Inflorescences with a very delicate aroma resemble large caps on stems with leaves, which can also be colored in different tones. Probably, this bright color scheme of petals is also associated with the ornament on Turkish carpets ...

Seedling growing

When growing Turkish carnations from seeds, sowing is carried out in March or in the first decade of April.In order to get strong healthy seedlings, the seed must be placed in a previously disinfected substrate. Disinfection is usually carried out with a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate. The substrate itself must be fertile, it is often made up of leaf humus and sand.

So, the cultivation of Turkish carnations in a seedling way.

• We rinse the container for seedlings with hot water, lay a drainage layer on the bottom, and a moistened substrate on top.
• We sow seeds, laying them to a depth of about 1 cm.The distance between them should be 2-3 cm.
• Cover the container with loose paper and keep it at a temperature of + 16..18 ° C. Moisten the substrate periodically.
• When shoots appear, we transfer the container to a well-lit place and lower the temperature by a couple of degrees.
  

  Note! If the air temperature is high, the seedlings can stretch out a lot!

• As soon as a pair of real leaves appear on the seedlings, we dive them into separate peat cups. We use the same soil mixture.

A couple of weeks before transplanting carnations into open ground, you must start the hardening procedure. Every day we take out young plants to fresh air, daily increasing the exposure time. After two weeks, the seedlings should fully get used to the new environment. It is desirable that by this time they spend the night with the window open.

Sowing in open ground

The first step is to figure out when to plant a Turkish carnation outdoors. They do this in the third or fourth decade of May, when the threat of night frosts has passed, and the soil and air have warmed up enough.

On a note! Sowing seeds in open ground can also be carried out in the fall - in October, but remember that the seed in this case, like the soil, must certainly be dry. After sowing, the site is insulated with sawdust or peat. In the spring, the mulch layer is removed.

Sowing seeds is desirable in a sunny area. The most preferred are places with sandy loam or loamy soil. A couple of weeks before sowing, the bed is dug to a depth of about 20 cm and a mixture of compost and wood ash is added - for each square meter, about 7 kg of organic matter and 250 g of ash. In parallel, you can fertilize the soil with mineral fertilizers for flowering plants - about a tablespoon per square meter. We cover the prepared area with polyethylene and leave for 10-15 days.

We proceed directly to planting a Turkish carnation:

• We make shallow grooves in the soil, leaving a distance of 15 cm between them. Thoroughly spill them with water.
• We put seeds in each groove. Do not forget to leave 2-3 cm between them.
• Sprinkle with substrate on top and slightly compact the soil. Cover the crops from above with woven material.
• When the first shoots appear, we remove the cover.

Growing and care

What kind of Turkish carnation needs care during the growing process so that the plant blooms luxuriantly and brightly? Growing a Turkish carnation is not difficult even for the most inexperienced growers. First of all, caring for a Turkish carnation consists in weeding regularly. The bushes of this plant are very delicate, and they can be easily drowned out by weeds. Simultaneously with weeding, you should loosen the soil around the roots to provide oxygen to them.

Watering

This flower does not like too much watering. It is enough to water the bushes in dry weather twice a week. Watering should be done early in the morning or in the evening. Only 12-15 liters of water should be spent on the square of the plot - this amount of moisture will be enough for the flower. There is no need to be zealous with watering, since the roots of a carnation are prone to various rot. When watering, do not water the plants from above. Watering should be done only at the root with a diffused stream.

Top dressing

How to grow luxuriously flowering bushes of perennial Turkish carnation? They need to be fertilized correctly.Although some growers believe that this plant does not need feeding at all, the Turkish carnation must be fertilized. You can feed the flowers with organic matter or complex mineral fertilizers. The first top dressing is applied under the bushes when they reach a height of about 12 cm. The second time it is necessary to fertilize the plants during the period of bud formation. Perennial garden carnation also needs autumn feeding. If your carnation lacks nutrients, it won't bloom well. Turkish carnation for cultivation is not the most capricious flower and if you follow agricultural technology, then this plant will certainly delight you with abundant and colorful flowering.

Plant after flowering

After flowering, caring for the plant is very simple. The bushes just need to be cut. The bushes are cut almost flush with the ground. After pruning, the plants are watered, weeded, and the ground around them is loosened. Within a month, the bushes will give new shoots, which can even bloom by autumn.

Preparing for winter

This plant is hardy. But, despite the resistance of the carnation to the cold, it should still be covered for the winter. You can cover the bushes with spruce branches, cover them with a peat mixture. In the spring, when the snow melts, the bushes should not be opened immediately, since in spring there is a great threat of severe frosts. When the plant grows in spring, the covering material is removed, and the young shoots are shaded. This plant does not tolerate excess moisture very well, so in winter, if too much snow falls, it is better to remove it. So in the spring there will be no excessively wet soil in a flower bed with Turkish carnations.

Sowing in protected ground, in a greenhouse

• Choose a well-lit place for seed germination, maintaining the temperature there at least 13 degrees.
• Cover the garden with glass or foil to speed up growth.
• The sprouts appear together, about 2-3 weeks after sowing.
• When the seedlings grow up, do not forget to thin them out or plant them in another bed.
• Before transferring the seedlings to the garden, feed them with nitrogen fertilizer - it is used as an anti-stress drug.
• Carnations can be planted in a flower bed at a distance of 25 cm from each other when the weather is warm.

If you grow seedlings and thus extend the growing season, you do not need to cut the flowers and enjoy the flowering this year.

Reproduction by layering

The variety you like can be propagated by layering:

• To do this, take a stem, press it to the ground, pinning it with a V-shaped wire at the crown.
• The peduncle should be removed.
• Sprinkle the stem with wet soil.
• After a month, rooting will occur, the layers can be transplanted to a permanent place.
• Such reproduction completely copies the mother variety.

Propagation by cuttings

They are cut from a stem taken from a plant of the second year of life, planted in loose moist soil, creating a light shade. After about 3 weeks, the seedlings will begin to grow - this can be determined by the appearance of new leaves. They are transplanted in August. They will bloom next year. If you carry out this operation in a greenhouse or greenhouse, then the cuttings will take root much faster. This method is used if you want to keep the variety you like.

Turkish carnation is capable of self-seeding propagation. Of course, there will be much fewer plants, but they will still delight you with magnificent flowering.

Turkish carnation in combination with other plants

An important rule for placing perennials in the open field is to make such combinations of flowers in a flower bed that would not conflict with each other with regard to growing and care. A light-loving carnation will be comfortable surrounded by the same admirers of the sun's rays, like herself. In addition, it is desirable that neighboring perennial crops have the same requirements for the type of soil, irrigation, and fertilization.

Therefore, the combination of carnations in landscape design with such neighbors will be optimal:

• alpine aster;
• Carpathian bell;
• rudbeckia.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

The carnation of the Turkish variety becomes a spectacular border. This feature can be applied in landscape design to decorate flower beds, garden paths, lawns. Low-growing varieties are also suitable for growing on alpine slides. Medium-sized varieties of carnations will harmoniously fit into variegated mixborders.

It is very profitable to make a rabatka from the plantings of a Turkish carnation - this lush plant spreads out with a thick umbrella and hides the soil well under it. Such a flower bed can contain both varieties of the same flower petals, and a combination of burgundy, red, pink, purple, white varieties.

To use the Turkish carnation in landscaping, it is not necessary to reproduce the flower only in the open field. These perennials grow and thrive wonderfully in pots and ornamental urns that adorn the terraces or porch of your country house.

If you dreamed of stealing your flower garden with an elegant and unpretentious flower, your choice should fall on the perennial Turkish carnation. Growing a plant is not a big deal, and flowers will delight you with their appearance for a long time without frequent transplants.

Diseases and pests

The flower must be looked after, and it is imperative to fight pests and diseases. This plant is very vulnerable, and there are quite a few pests. Leaves breaking through in early spring can damage rodents. To prevent mice from nibbling the leaves, you should arrange mousetraps or scatter poisoned grain. In summer, the plant is very often attacked by a dangerous pest - the root knot nematode. If you notice deformed foliage, dull color of leaves, swollen petioles, then the rootworm nematode has started "its work". The only way to save carnation plantings from this pest is to destroy diseased plants and disinfect the soil.

All parts of the plant can be affected by the dangerous fungal disease Fusarium. Signs of this disease are wilting of stems, dying off of plant parts. Bushes can become infected with fusarium from organic fertilizers, for example, through manure. This disease is not amenable to treatment, and growers sometimes have to destroy entire flower beds. As a prophylaxis for the appearance of fusarium, the soil in the flowerbed should be disinfected three times a summer with a weak solution of manganese. Flowers very often suffer from rust. If you notice swollen yellowish pads on the leaves, it means that the plants are infected with rust. You can get rid of rust by treating the soil with a homom. Carnations are constantly attacked by pests.

One of the most dangerous pests is the mountain elephant. The insect gnaws holes in the leaves of plants. A spider mite can also attack a clove, which drinks juice from the foliage. The best ecological way to get rid of these pests is with onion skins. 100 grams of dry husks are brewed in 5 liters of boiling water and insisted for three days. Plants are sprayed with infusion three times with an interval of five days. The unpretentious oriental beauty takes pride of place in our gardens and city flower beds. Novice and experienced florists are happy to grow this flower, which can be the main decoration of any summer garden. The main qualities for which the oriental beauty is so highly valued is a huge palette of the brightest colors and rich colors of inflorescences.

Turkish or bearded carnation is a beautiful flower with a rich, pleasant aroma. The Greek word Dianthus, from which the genus of carnation got its name, means "divine flower". It has about 300 species of herbaceous annuals and perennials and, in addition, an endless variety of varieties and hybrids of valuable decorative flowers, common both for the bright beauty of fragrant inflorescences and for ease of cultivation.

Since ancient times, carnation has been associated with victory in bloody battles.In America, she is considered a symbol of maternal love. According to Christian legend, during the execution of Jesus Christ, where the tears of the Virgin Mary fell, these extraordinary flowers appeared.

Turkish carnation is still highly valued among gardeners for its lush, long-lasting, abundant flowering, a varied palette of colors, unpretentiousness, and a subtle enchanting smell.

Description of Turkish carnation

The Turkish carnation (Dianthus barbatus) is a perennial plant, but it is used as a biennial due to the fact that many specimens disappear in the third year of growth. Another name for this carnation is bearded - each flower has bracts. The English call her Sweet William, they eat flowers. Growing in the foothills of southern Europe and Asia, the Turkish carnation was cultivated by man many centuries ago and spread in many countries as a garden flower. The herbaceous plant consists of a knobby stem, hay-green linear leaves and a variety of flowers collected in corymbose inflorescences.

In the first year of life, a rosette of leaves is formed, in the second year the plant blooms and forms seeds. The flower consists of 5 petals and a long marigold. The petals have a horizontal plate of white, pink or lavender. Several inflorescences with 30 flowers in each can bloom on one plant at the same time - the flower itself looks like a fluffy bouquet. The fruit of a carnation is an oblong box with one nest with black seeds.

Cultural and garden forms surpass their wild relatives in decorativeness and diversity. The diverse range of colors and different forms of flowers - terry and simple - amaze the imagination. There are monochromatic flowers, variegated, two-colored, with a border, with strokes, evoking an association with Turkish ornaments. Coloring ranges from white to raspberry to dark cherry, with new varieties emerging every year with new colors.
There are tall varieties up to 90 cm and undersized ones - below 35 cm.

Growing conditions for garden perennial carnations

• Turkish carnations are planted in slightly fertilized soil or in soil consisting of a mixture of humus, rotten leaves and fine sand, taken equally.
• The best results can be obtained by placing the plants in an open, sunny place, watering regularly, without overdoing it.
• Cloves tolerate short-term lack of moisture well.
• In the period from April to June, once a week, add liquid complex fertilizer to the water for irrigation - the Turkish carnation is very responsive to feeding.

Faded flower stalks are pruned to cause a second wave of flowering.

Planting Turkish carnations in open ground with seeds

Turkish carnation seeds photo

When to plant Turkish clove seeds? These are completely unpretentious flowers that are not afraid of low temperatures. Therefore, you can safely sow a beauty directly into the ground at the first opportunity to go “into the field”: when the land is ripe, since the end of April.

• Prepare shallow furrows because the seeds are very shallow and should not be buried too deep. Enough and 1 cm.
• Leave the distance between adjacent rows sufficient, do not spare space: you need at least 15-20 cm so that the bushes do not clog each other.
• In a row, 15 cm is also left between the plants, simply breaking through the extra seedlings. You can leave 5-7 cm between the seedlings and when they reach a height of 8-10 cm, simply transplant the extra specimens to another place.

Seeds sprout for a long time, so do not worry: friendly shoots will appear necessarily, after which do not forget to break through them so that there is no strong thickening. Turkish carnations are easily bred with seeds even with the onset of summer, the bushes have time to take shape in order to winter well and please with bright flowering next year.

When sowing in early June on the seedling bed, the seeds, as rarely as possible, are laid out along the grooves spilled with water, lightly sprinkled with earth.After the emergence of seedlings, care consists in timely watering and weeding from weeds. Well-developed rosettes are formed at the end of summer.

They can be transplanted to another place with a distance of 15-25 cm from each other. If you intend to leave the seedlings where they grew, then you should thin out to the required interval, replanting the excess to another place.

If young plants have released peduncles, then it is better to remove them.so that the bushes take root well and do not go weakened before winter. Next year, already with the onset of summer, the Turkish carnation will delight you with lush and abundant flowering.

There is another option for sowing Turkish cloves - dry seeds before winter... Seeds are sown before the onset of persistent cold weather directly on the garden bed without watering. Seedlings will appear with the onset of spring - such plants will bloom a little later.

Sowing in protected ground, in a greenhouse

Seedlings of a Turkish carnation photo Planting a Turkish carnation for seedlings

• Choose a well-lit place for seed germination, maintaining the temperature there at least 13 degrees.
• Cover the garden with glass or foil to speed up growth.
• The sprouts appear together, about 2-3 weeks after sowing.
• When the seedlings grow up, do not forget to thin them out or plant them in another bed.
• Before transferring the seedlings to the garden, feed them with nitrogen fertilizer - it is used as an anti-stress drug.
• Carnations can be planted in a flower bed at a distance of 25 cm from each other when the weather is warm.

If you grow seedlings and thus extend the growing season, you do not need to cut the flowers and enjoy the flowering this year.

Turkish carnation from seeds at home Sowing seedlings

Turkish carnation growing from seeds when to plant photo

Bearded carnations are sown on seedlings with the onset of February into a special soil.

• The seeds are small, but it is quite possible to spend a little more time and plant the seeds in a separate glass. So you save yourself from the picking procedure.
• They do not deepen much, by 0.5-1 cm.
• Watering is needed in moderation, a drainage hole in the container is required to prevent stagnation of water.
• Seedlings are placed on a sunny windowsill, where caring for it comes down to watering every two to three days.
• Shortly before planting, the seedlings are hardened by placing them on the street in a place without strong drafts - first for an hour or two, gradually increasing the time to a full day.
• It is possible to plant seedlings from the end of April, but only when the threat of night frosts has passed.

How the picking of a Turkish carnation is made, the video will tell:

If you sowed seeds in a common container rather thickly, you should make a pick. Plants are transplanted into separate containers, while trying to damage the roots as little as possible.

Reproduction by layering

The variety you like can be propagated by layering:

• To do this, take a stem, press it to the ground, pinning it with a V-shaped wire at the crown.
• The peduncle should be removed.
• Sprinkle the stem with wet soil.
• After a month, rooting will occur, the layers can be transplanted to a permanent place.
• Such reproduction completely copies the mother variety.

Propagation by cuttings

They are cut from a stem taken from a plant of the second year of life, planted in loose moist soil, creating a light shade. After about 3 weeks, the seedlings will begin to grow - this can be determined by the appearance of new leaves. They are transplanted in August. They will bloom next year. If you carry out this operation in a greenhouse or greenhouse, then the cuttings will take root much faster. This method is used if you want to keep the variety you like.

Turkish carnation is capable of self-seeding propagation. Of course, there will be much fewer plants, but they will still delight you with magnificent flowering.

Diseases and pests

Carnation garden turkish planting and care photo

These flowers love sunny places, they need to be watered periodically, the soil is loosened well after each watering, which will prevent the appearance of root rot.

An appropriate insecticide is used against thrips and green aphids, which cause white spots on the petals.
When watering and feeding, try to keep the liquid from getting on the flowers.

The variety of varieties and the extraordinary unpretentiousness of the Turkish carnation can satisfy the desires of any grower. Low-growing varieties look great in rock gardens or rockeries, they will decorate an inconspicuous area of ​​the garden as a ground cover plant, planted in pots or containers will fill a balcony or veranda with aroma and paints.

Tall forms, planted on lawns, among shrubs, fit perfectly in natural-style gardens. Fragrant picturesque flowers attract butterflies, bees, birds. Cut flowers are kept in vases for about two weeks. This extraordinary flower will be a decoration of any site.

Turkish carnation is a plant with unusual flowers that have bracts with ciliated edges. For this feature, this plant is also called bearded carnation. And her generic name, translated from Greek, sounds like the flower of Zeus. The homeland of the Turkish carnation is Southern Europe. They began to cultivate it around the middle of the 16th century and since then its popularity has not been lost. Today, this flower can be found in almost every garden, where it is used to create flower beds, rock gardens and borders. Some people prefer to grow this species at home.

In order for the Turkish carnation to grow bright and beautiful, it needs proper care.

The Turkish carnation is a herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Carnation. The stem is straight, glabrous, strong, knotty, ranging in height from 30 to 75 cm. The leaves are lanceolate, oppositely set on the stem, colored green or blue-green.

During the flowering period, the plant produces numerous double, semi-double or simple flowers, the diameter of which is 1.5-3 cm. But the most beautiful umbrellas are, of course, the Turkish double carnation. It is perfect for lawns and borders, and for decorating terraces, balconies and loggias.

Turkish carnations are grown not only for landscaping, but also for cutting: cut plants retain their freshness for two weeks

As you can see in the photos presented in this article, the color of a Turkish carnation can be different: cream, red, white, pink. Flowers can be one-color or two-color, with a border on the petals or with a dark spot in the center.

Many novice florists are interested in the question: is the Turkish carnation perennial or not. This plant is perennial, but in culture it is grown as a biennial. In the first year of life, it gives only a rosette of leaves, and corymbose inflorescences, made up of variegated flowers, open only in the second year after planting. Flowering lasts about a month. At the end of this period, fruits appear on the stems - boxes with dark small flat grains.

Turkish carnation seeds ripen around the end of the summer period and remain viable for three years

Seedling growing

When growing Turkish carnations from seeds, sowing is carried out in March or in the first decade of April. In order to get strong healthy seedlings, the seed must be placed in a previously disinfected substrate. Disinfection is usually carried out with a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate. The substrate itself must be fertile, it is often made up of leaf humus and sand.

So, the cultivation of Turkish carnations in a seedling way.

• We rinse the container for seedlings with hot water, lay a drainage layer on the bottom, and a moistened substrate on top.
• We sow seeds, laying them to a depth of about 1 cm.In this case, the distance between them should be 2-3 cm.
• Cover the container with loose paper and keep it at a temperature of + 16..18 ° C. Moisten the substrate periodically.
• When shoots appear, we transfer the container to a well-lit place and lower the temperature by a couple of degrees.
  

  Note! If the air temperature is high, the seedlings can stretch out a lot!

• As soon as a pair of real leaves appear on the seedlings, we dive them into separate peat cups. We use the same soil mixture.

Until the plants are transplanted to a permanent place, the soil around the seedlings must be regularly loosened and watered

A couple of weeks before transplanting carnations into open ground, you must start the hardening procedure. Every day we take out young plants to fresh air, daily increasing the exposure time. After two weeks, the seedlings should fully get used to the new environment. It is desirable that by this time they spend the night with the window open.

Sowing in open ground

The first step is to figure out when to plant a Turkish carnation outdoors. They do this in the third or fourth decade of May, when the threat of night frosts has passed, and the soil and air have warmed up enough.

On a note! Sowing seeds in open ground can also be carried out in the fall - in October, but remember that the seed in this case, like the soil, must certainly be dry. After sowing, the site is insulated with sawdust or peat. In the spring, the mulch layer is removed.

Sowing seeds is desirable in a sunny area. The most preferred are places with sandy loam or loamy soil. A couple of weeks before sowing, the bed is dug to a depth of about 20 cm and a mixture of compost and wood ash is added - for each square meter, about 7 kg of organic matter and 250 g of ash. In parallel, you can fertilize the soil with mineral fertilizers for flowering plants - about a tablespoon per square meter. We cover the prepared area with polyethylene and leave for 10-15 days.

We proceed directly to planting a Turkish carnation:

• We make shallow grooves in the soil, leaving a distance of 15 cm between them. Thoroughly spill them with water.
• We put seeds in each groove. Do not forget to leave 2-3 cm between them.
• Sprinkle with substrate on top and slightly compact the soil. Cover the crops from above with woven material.
• When the first shoots appear, we remove the cover.

Turkish carnation grows well in well-lit areas with fertile soil.

In open ground conditions

When planting a Turkish carnation in open ground, care for it should be regular.

• Plants are watered twice a week at the rate of 13-15 liters of water per square meter. If the summer is too hot, then watering is carried out more often. In this case, it is advisable to pour water directly onto the soil in the root area of ​​each bush, avoiding water getting on the green part of the plant, otherwise a burn may form on the foliage. If you planted a Turkish carnation in a lowland, then special care must be taken with watering. When the soil is waterlogged, planting can be affected by root rot.
• As for the dressings, the first is introduced into the substrate when the senses reach a 12-centimeter height. In this case, a solution of Nitrofoska and Agricola is usually used (one tablespoon of each drug per bucket of water). The second time, fertilizers are applied during the first bud formation - 15 ml of superphosphate and 15 ml of potassium sulfate in a bucket of water. The third time the plants are fed during the flowering period - 15 ml of Agricola's solution in a bucket of water.
• Remember to loosen the ground periodically, especially after rain and watering. Thus, moisture will not linger. In addition, during weeding, all weeds should be removed and faded shoots should be removed.

Advice! It is recommended to cut the stems at a height of about 12 cm from the ground.Thanks to this event, in about a month, the carnation will release new shoots, which, under favorable conditions, can bloom a second time - in the fall!

The Turkish carnation is characterized by high frost resistance and survives the winter quite well under a 10 cm layer of peat.

In general, if the weather conditions are favorable, then the life of the plant can be about six years, in less good circumstances - no more than three years

At home

If you decide to grow Turkish carnations at home, then it is advisable to use a substrate with a neutral pH level. In this case, a mixture of one part of leafy soil, one part of sand, one part of peat and two parts of turf soil would be a suitable option. Before planting the plants, the soil is disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate.

• Seedlings are planted in such a way that the neck remains above the surface of the substrate.
• During the formation of the sixth pair of true leaves, the plant is pinched - this will allow you to get a more lush bush.
• In the conditions of an apartment, a Turkish carnation can grow in partial shade and at the same time neither its decorative effect nor its state of health will suffer. The optimum temperature is + 15..18 ° C.
• Watering should be abundant. Make sure that the earthen lump in the pot does not dry out, but at the same time there should be no stagnation of moisture. For watering, it is better to use soft water at room temperature.
• In the heat, it is recommended to spray the plant, it is advisable to do this in the evening.
• A month after planting, the care of the Turkish carnation is complemented by the application of fertilizers. In this case, you should use complex mineral fertilizers for flowering plants. They are applied every ten days, from spring to October. In winter, the flowers do not need feeding.

Disease and pest control

Turkish cloves are susceptible to several viral and fungal diseases. Among them:

• Fusarium. The main signs: yellowing of leaves that wither but do not fall off, the stem turns reddish or brown, the buds open weakly or do not open at all, the root part and the root itself rot. Diseased plants are destroyed, healthy plants are sprayed with fungicide twice.
• Rust. It manifests itself in the form of brown spots on the leaves, petioles and stems of the plant. The spots swell and become yellowish. The flower looks depressed, the stem dries up and breaks. The spread of the disease is facilitated by waterlogging of the substrate, potassium deficiency and excess nitrogen. For the treatment of the disease, a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid, the drug "HOM" or another fungicide of similar action is used.
• Mottling. Plants often become infected in the spring. The disease manifests itself in the form of blurred spots on the foliage, variegation and changes in the shape of flowers. There is no cure at the moment, so the diseased specimens are destroyed.

It is necessary to inspect flowers regularly - this will help protect your blooming collection from death.

When growing a Turkish carnation in open ground, sometimes you can encounter such a pest as a bear. It affects the root system of crops growing on the site, and as a result, young shoots and flowers begin to wilt. To combat parasites in the fall, the site must be dug up and several traps organized: we dig holes, fill them with manure and make a cover from the rain on top. Bears will slide into warm pits and remain in them for the winter. In the spring, they can be easily destroyed. If pests attacked the plantings in the summer, then it is recommended to fill their holes with a highly concentrated solution of laundry soap.

Earwigs often appear on the site. They are destroyed with the help of such baits: spread several heaps of rotted hay in the garden and cover them with planks.After a while, pests will crawl into these shelters to hide from the heat, where they can be easily destroyed.

At home, spider mites, mealybugs or aphids can attack Turkish cloves. To combat pests, a soap solution is often used, which is used to wash off adults from the body of the plant. Then the affected specimens are sprayed with infusion of yarrow, celandine or tansy. In case of severe infestation, it is recommended to use insectoacaricides.

H

Moscow, Russia, on the site since 11.01.2017

Have you read it? Don't forget to rate

(

estimates, average:

out of 5)

Since ancient times, the carnation has been a favorite of flower growers in many countries. The smell of a blooming culture is similar to the scent of clove buds - a well-known spice. Hence the name of this flower. But from the Greek language the name of the plant is translated as "divine flower" or "flower of Zeus".

If you decide to plant a carnation in your flower garden, then you need to know some rules for growing, caring for and propagating this flower in the open field. And numerous photos of these wonderful plants will help you choose a variety.

Small, but catchy flowers of the Turkish carnation will look great on any flower bed

Description of Turkish carnation

The Turkish carnation is one of the most common types of plant grown in flower beds. She fell in love with gardeners back in the 16th century for her bright flowering hats. This ornamental plant comes in different shades. There are both monochromatic white and different shades of red, and two- and even tricolor with different patterns on the petals of medium-sized (1-1.5 cm in diameter) flowers. The designs range from petal borders to eyes and intricate shapes. And the carnation petals themselves are very diverse. There are also five-petal varieties and varieties with double flowers. Carnations bloom from the beginning of summer for a month.

Planting a carnation

The most beautiful Turkish carnation grows in fertile soil. It blooms well in open sunny areas, but will grow in partial shade. If fertilizers are added to sandy loam and loamy soils, then they are quite suitable for Turkish cloves. Introduce compost or humus, ash, mineral fertilizers before planting when digging into the soil.

It is not necessary to dig up the future bed too deeply, 25–30 cm is enough. Further, the bed is leveled and moistened if the soil is dry. The prepared area is covered with a thick cloth for two weeks. When time has passed, you can start planting flowers.

If the soil is fertile enough - the flowering of carnations will be long and lush.

Seeds are sown into furrows up to 1.5 cm deep. The intervals between furrows should be at least 15 cm. Seeds are sown into the furrows, watered and sprinkled with earth. The soil needs to be lightly tamped. You no longer need to water, you just need to cover the bed with a thick cloth before the first shoots.

Carnation can be planted both in spring and autumn. It is performed using the same technology.

Attention. During fall planting, both seeds and furrows must be dry.

Turkish carnation care

As already noted, carnations feel best in sunny areas in fertile soils. These flowers are very sensitive to winter temperature fluctuations. This is especially true for young plants. Turkish carnations do not tolerate waterlogging and stagnant water.

Plants are most at risk in early spring, when temperature drops are especially great, because during the day the plants are heated in the sun, and freeze at night. To prevent the plants from dying during this period, frost-resistant varieties should be covered with spruce branches. It is possible to remove the shelter only when the probability of recurrent frosts disappears.

Protect Turkish Cloves from Frost

When the carnation has faded, the stems need to be cut and fertilized.Thus, in a month the plant will already grow new stems, and some varieties will bloom again. Turkish carnation, cultivated according to all the rules, lives up to six years, while poor conditions reduce its life in a flower garden to three years.

Water the cloves once or twice a week. And if the summer is dry, then the amount of watering needs to be increased. Water the plant on the ground, because if water drops on the flower, it can burn out in the sun.

Attention. Carnation does not tolerate waterlogging.

Fertilization and feeding

Turkish carnation, planting and caring for which were described above, also needs feeding. When growing carnations in open ground, the first feeding of the plant is done when it has reached a height of 10 cm. 1 tbsp is used as fertilizer. l. nitrophosphate and 1 tbsp. l. Agricola Forward diluted in 10 liters of warm water.

Feed the crop several times per season

When your flowers begin to acquire buds, you need to carry out a second feeding. This time you need to use 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and the same amount of superphosphate, also diluted in 10 liters of water.

The third top dressing is applied directly during the flowering period of carnations for 10 liters of water, 1 tbsp is needed. l. fertilizers "Agricola for flowering plants".

Attention. Top dressing consumption should be 10 liters per 5 square meters. m.

Plant propagation

Reproduction of the Turkish carnation is most often carried out by seeds or layering. In order to propagate a carnation by layering, you need to follow a simple algorithm of actions:

• in July or August, the shoots must be tilted to the ground, secured and sprinkled with soil;
• tie the stem to the peg, keeping it upright;
• take care of shoots that will appear in a few weeks;
• in the fall, new shoots must be cut off and planted in open ground.

Turkish carnation seeds

Another way of breeding Turkish carnations is cuttings. For this, I most often use shoots that have not formed inflorescences in the current year.

You can also use bushes that have grown in open ground as a result of self-seeding of carnations as seedlings. They just need to be transplanted to the place you need. However, it is worth remembering that self-seeding often loses the distinctive features of varieties.

Diseases and pests of Turkish carnation

The Turkish carnation plant is resistant to diseases, but occasionally, mainly in the southern regions, it can contract a viral disease that is spread by sucking insects. It manifests itself in the inhibition of flower growth, the appearance of a mosaic color on the leaves, followed by their deformation. In this case, the diseased plant must be destroyed immediately, preventing infection of other bushes.

Spider mite

It can also occasionally be found in the Turkish carnation. heterosporiasis... This fungal disease manifests itself on the leaves and stems in the form of medium-sized gray spots. Sometimes the spots have a red border. Subsequently, the spots brighten and merge with each other. In this case, the flower becomes fragile in the place of accumulation of spots, the leaves turn yellow and die off. The fungus lives on the plant even after it has died, therefore, in case of infection, all remnants of the diseased flower must be carefully removed, and the surrounding plants must be treated with Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride.

Of the pests, Turkish carnations planted in open ground can attack spider mites and aphids.

Turkish carnation in a flower bed

The simplest and most reliable means of countering these pests is considered to be a tincture of potato tops. To do this, for 10 liters of water, 1 kg of potato tops is needed, infused for one and a half days. Before spraying, add 1 tbsp to the tincture. l. liquid soap.

Advice. Spray cloves in a cool morning or evening.

Turkish carnation in combination with other plants

In flower beds, cloves are recommended to be planted with the same perennial sun lovers. For example, Turkish carnations will be perfectly combined with Alpine aster, Carpathian bell and rudbeckia. All these perennial flowers have the same requirements for soil, watering and feel great in open sunny areas.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

In landscape design, Turkish carnation is used quite often. The ease of caring for this flower, combined with its incredible beauty, plays a big role in this. Use cloves to create spectacular borders. Can carnations in landscape design and play the role of a lawn and serve as ground cover plants. Bright caps between the tiles of the sidewalks, framed by the steps, and decorate the retaining walls will look great.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

This flower is often used to decorate alpine slides. In addition to colorful flower beds, you can diversify your landscape design with original monochromatic duets, for example, in a combination of red carnations with blood-red geraniums.

In addition, this flower can be planted in pots and decorate terraces and rooms with small flower beds.

This flower also looks great when cut in bouquets, both as a solo plant and in combination with other flowers.

It all depends only on your imagination. And if you do not have enough inspiration - look at the photos with these beautiful flowers, perhaps they will help determine the best place for carnations in the flower garden.

The Turkish carnation is one of the most unpretentious garden flowers to care for, which pleases anyone, even the most capricious grower, with its bright saturated beauty.

Turkish carnation care: video

Turkish carnation: photo