Rosemary planting and care in the open field in the Urals

Rosemary is one of the most exotic plants. However, despite the origin, it is quite easy to grow it in your suburban area. This plant is distinguished by its peculiar leaves, which outwardly resemble coniferous needles. In addition, rosemary is well known to everyone due to its aromatic and healing properties.

This spice is part of many Provencal herbs that are widely used in cooking today. In addition, rosemary is very often used in cosmetology, and in some cases even in traditional medicine.

If we talk about planting and caring for rosemary in the open field, then today the plant is grown by many gardeners in the central part of Russia.

Spreading

Most often, rosemary can be found in North America, Turkey, as well as in southern parts of Europe and Cyprus. In 1813, this unusual plant was first planted in the Crimea, or rather in the botanical garden. For a long time on the peninsula, essential oils were made from it, which had healing properties and an unusual aroma.

Today, the care and planting of rosemary in the open field in the middle zone of the Russian Federation is not difficult. Although the plant likes the Mediterranean climate more, it tolerates Russian winters well. The main thing is to plant the seeds correctly.

Leaving and planting rosemary in the open field in the Urals also does not cause problems. The fact is that very dry winters prevail in this region. Such conditions are considered favorable for a given plant.

Description

Rosemary refers to an evergreen shrub with needle-like leaves that look very much like ordinary spruce needles. During flowering, light lilac, white or pink buds appear on the bush.

The leaves of the plant are covered with a dark green edging (as shown in the photo). Outdoor care and planting of rosemary have their own characteristics. In our climate, on average, it grows up to 50-100 cm. However, there have been cases when gardeners have grown this flower up to one and a half meters high. In warm climates, the plant can even turn into a small tree. Of course, it grows best in the Mediterranean.

Beneficial features

Before studying the peculiarities of the care and planting of rosemary in the open field in the Moscow region and other regions of the central part of Russia, it is worth paying attention to the characteristics of the plant.

As you know, the spice emits a huge amount of essential oils, the aroma of which allows you to disinfect the air in the room. In ancient times, it was believed that this plant is able to fight the bad. In addition, rosemary has anti-inflammatory properties. It also helps to quickly draw out pus.

This plant contains a huge amount of folate. Women will best understand these unusual properties of rosemary, as folic acid is known to have anti-aging effects. In addition, pregnant women need it.The fact is that folic acid helps prevent the formation of defects in the fetal neural tube, due to which DNA synthesis is carried out.

The plant contains vitamin A. Rosemary contains much more of it than carrots. In addition, it contains about 40% of the daily value of vitamin C. This means that consuming rosemary is much healthier than kale or even lemons. It contains magnesium, potassium, copper, manganese, calcium, and iron. The last component allows you to get rid of anemia. He also takes an active part in the formation of hemoglobin in the blood. Potassium is necessary for a person to control the work of the heart. Magnesium has an antioxidant effect.

That is why the care and planting of rosemary in the open field is done not only in order to get an unusual seasoning, but also for health improvement.

If a person eats foods that contain this spice, he will notice that his digestive system has improved significantly. In folk medicine, rosemary is often recommended for hypotensive patients, as this plant helps to increase blood pressure. In addition, it relieves tension and stress. It will also be useful for a growing body, since the spice helps to significantly improve memory, cerebral circulation and vision. If you cook it with lavender, the effect is enhanced.

Men will also be interested in this plant. The fact is that annual shoots of rosemary are very often used in folk medicine in the treatment of impotence, stomach cramps, rheumatism and other diseases, from which a strong half of humanity often suffers. Of course, do not forget about the amazing taste characteristics of the spice, which is why it is very often used as a seasoning in the preparation of vegetable soups, meat, fried, fish, poultry and much more. Rosemary is also added to marinades.

Varieties

Today this plant has become widespread in the territory of the Russian Federation. However, not every rosemary variety is suitable for growing in our difficult weather conditions.

For those who want to independently plant and care for rosemary in the open field, it is recommended to pay attention to 2 types of this plant: medicinal and prostrate. These varieties take root well in the climatic conditions of the central part of the country and regions where winters are not characterized by high humidity.

Most often, gardeners prefer the widespread variety, which is also divided into several categories. Among them, the most popular are lavender, creeping and Corsican open rosemary. This plant can only grow up to 50-60 cm, but this is enough to get this wonderful and healthy seasoning in your suburban area or in your apartment.

What the plant is sick with

If you take care of the care and planting of rosemary in the open field, gardeners' reviews will be very useful. According to the opinion of experienced gardeners, the spice can only suffer greatly from improper conditions of detention. However, there are several signs to watch out for.

For example, if white spots have formed on the foliage, this indicates that the spice is too moisturized, respectively, you need to water it a little less. If rosemary suffers from excess moisture, it will also have a less intense aroma. In this case, it is worth reducing the amount of water for irrigation.

Of the pests, it is most often attacked by a spider mite. To prevent its appearance, it is worth constantly humidifying the air next to the plant. To do this, it is enough just to periodically spray its foliage. If the mite has already settled on spices, then you can get rid of it only with the help of chemicals.

Since this plant does not attract a large number of parasites, it is not necessary to consider beneficial neighborhoods when leaving and planting rosemary outdoors.In addition, because of its rather bright aroma, many insects are not "greedy" for it, so the spice can be planted anywhere in the suburban area.

Before treating the spice with aggressive preparations, it is worth covering the ground with polyethylene or other material, in this case, dangerous poisons will not be able to penetrate into the soil and infect the root system.

Features of growing in the garden

Since in the territory of the Russian Federation today, spring frosts do not differ in increased aggressiveness, rosemary grows much better, but it should be borne in mind that the cold is destructive for it. That is why experts recommend not planting it too early in open ground.

The soil for rosemary should be loose enough and contain a lot of limestone. It is also recommended to plant plants in places where there is least wind. Do not forget that rosemary loves most of all the climatic conditions of the Mediterranean. This means that acidic and too moist soil will not work for him.

If the plant is in a too shaded place, then the content of essential oil in its leaves will be significantly reduced, but if this is not a fundamental problem, then you can plant it anywhere.

Rosemary grows best in central Russia, since it is these conditions that are sufficient for its well-being.

Germinating seeds

First of all, the rosemary seeds must be soaked by placing them between 2 cotton pads and dampening with water. After that, it is enough to wait 2-4 days.

Next, the soil is prepared. To do this, you need to mix leafy soil, peat and sand (or purchase ready-made soil for seedlings). This composition must be poured into a prepared container and spilled with water. After that, you need to spread the seeds on the ground and sprinkle them with soil a little. It is best to put a piece of transparent cellophane on top and remove the blank in a warm place.

As soon as the first shoots appear, you can transfer the pots to the windowsill.

Landing in open ground

Given the weather conditions in Russia, it is recommended to plant rosemary in mid-May or when the first warm days come.

However, it is best to think things through in advance. To do this, it is necessary to prepare the soil for the care and planting of rosemary outdoors in the fall. Before winter, you need to loosen it and fertilize it abundantly with humus.

After planting in open ground, the plant must be watered as the soil dries.

How does it endure wintering

By mid-October, the air temperature drops to zero. During this period, it is recommended to transfer the plant to the house. In conditions of +5 degrees, rosemary will feel great. However, for this, the plant must be very carefully dug out without damaging the delicate root system.

For convenience, rosemary is usually planted in large pots that are buried in the ground in a suburban area. Thanks to this, it is much more convenient to transfer the plant to winter.

In custody

Rosemary is an amazing plant that can be safely grown in the middle lane in most regions of Russia. The main thing is to properly care for the spice and take it home in a timely manner.

Many amateur gardeners willingly try to grow unusual exotic plants on their plots, these are the types of rosemary shrubs.

Good news for those who fell in love with the spice rosemary - planting and care in the open field has become possible in our regions, and there is nothing difficult about it. And if you are ready to experiment, then we present you with detailed instructions on how to grow greens in a garden or vegetable garden and enjoy its aroma.

Planting rosemary at home: basic rules

Before we move on to the farming techniques of this overseas shrub, familiarize yourself with the basic characteristics of the plant.

• Rosemary came to us from southern countries, he loves warmth and sun very much.
• The plant prefers neutral or slightly alkaline loose, light soils.
• Best of all, the shrub propagates by cuttings and division.
• The easiest way to grow in our area is medicinal rosemary (ordinary).
• He needs moderate watering, he is resistant to dryness, but he feels better when the soil is constantly moistened by 40-50%.
• Rosemary does not grow well in drafts and shady places.
• He does not like the neighborhood with the rose and rarely blooms in her presence.
• Due to the high content of ethers, the bush is resistant to pests.
• At temperatures below -8-10 ºC, the grass dies, in cold regions it is covered with greenhouses for the winter.
• The bushes are planted in the beds, at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other, otherwise they will be cramped.
• If you water the rosemary frequently, it can start shedding leaves - this is a signal that it is time to reduce moisture.
• With insufficient watering, the leaves begin to turn yellow.
• Planting greens is best in late spring or summer.

Planting rosemary at home

Propagating rosemary in the garden

There are three main ways this plant propagates:

• division of bushes,
• grafting,
• growing from seeds.

The latter method requires patience and diligence. The fastest and easiest option is to divide an adult bush into small sprouts with roots and plant them. But cuttings also germinate quite successfully. You can buy any seedlings or seeds at a nursery or gardening store.

Cuttings can be obtained in an easier way: by cutting off the tops of the shoots from any rosemary bush. Today it is not uncommon and grows in many gardens, parks, gardeners in the country. If you have your own plot, you will surely find rosemary from some of the neighbors and can ask for several shoots for breeding.

Propagating rosemary in the garden

How to grow rosemary outdoors

Spicy greens should not be planted in lowlands, places with stagnant groundwater, flooded areas. It should be a flat, draft-free surface. What is the shrub most afraid of? - acidic soils and clay sticky earth.

It is advisable to prepare such a substrate for rosemary: mix black soil with dry leaves, neutral peat and coarse river sand in equal parts. For 10 buckets of substrate, it is recommended to add 100 g of crushed lime.

The beds are prepared 8-10 days before planting rosemary, they are moistened in advance. In about 3-4 days, you can fertilize the soil with mineral fertilizing.

If you intend to grow rosemary as a perennial, then take care of the greenhouse right away. In the open air, the plant will not survive the winter. Although, if in your area the frosts do not fall below -10ºC, then it will be enough to remove the shoots and cover the roots with sawdust, hay or other natural insulation.

Many people grow rosemary in their dacha or plot as an annual, that is, they plant new bushes every spring, and in the fall they harvest the entire crop at the root.

Now let's take a closer look at all types of spice propagation.

Growing rosemary from seeds at home

Seeds are germinated indoors in early spring. This will require flower pots, boxes, or any other convenient container.

You can sow seeds directly into open ground, but, firstly, the air temperature must be warm and stable, and secondly, the shrub will only grow closer to autumn. If you want to harvest already in mid-summer, then sow the seed indoors at the end of February, and then transplant the seedlings to the beds in mid-April.

Rules for planting rosemary seeds

• Prepare a clean gauze, fold it several times so that you put the seeds on one part, and cover them with the other.
• Moisten the gauze with water and spread the seeds over it with a thin layer, cover them with the second side of the damp gauze.
• Use a spray bottle to moisten the gauze every day. The room where the seeds are located should be warm (+ 18-22 ºC).
• Prepare the soil in advance where you will sow rosemary.
• After 3-4 days, carefully collect the seeds and sow them in a thin layer into the soil. Sprinkle with earth on top, then no more than half a centimeter layer.Moisten the soil through a spray bottle, cover the container with plastic, punching a few holes in it, and put it in a warm place.
• Water the soil every other day, preferably always using a spray bottle to avoid blurring the thin surface layer of the soil.
• After about a couple of weeks, you should notice the sprouts breaking through. When the seedlings emerge from the ground, remove the film and expose the boxes (pots) to sunlight.
• After about one and a half, two months, the sprouts will get stronger and will be ready for transfer to open ground. They are simply carefully dug up and transplanted into the beds.
• After transplanting, the soil is also immediately moistened.

Growing rosemary from seeds at home

Further, the standard care of rosemary is supported, which we will discuss in more detail below.

Growing rosemary at home using cuttings

Cutting is an easier way to grow a Mediterranean shrub. The tops of the shoots cut from an adult shrub will serve as cuttings. You can even use regular bunches of herbs purchased from the market as a spice.

Cuttings are carried out in April and early May.

Growing rosemary at home using cuttings

• Remove the lower leaves from the branches, exposing part of the stem.
• You can put them in water and wait for root formation, or plant them directly in the soil. But this must be done indoors, the seedlings will be ready for open ground only when they take root.
• If using water, change it every 3-4 days. After "sticking" the cuttings into the substrate, water them every other day, but not too abundantly.
• After about 3 weeks, the branches should form roots. As it happened, transfer them to the beds, pulling out the hole to the length of the roots. Water the soil and continue with your normal care.

Planting rosemary in this way produces more successful results, and the death rate of the plant is significantly reduced.

Planting rosemary by dividing

Unlike growing from seeds or cuttings, dividing is the easiest way to propagate rosemary in the garden. You can plant the branches directly into the open ground.

The best time for dividing seedlings is June.

Planting rosemary in the garden by dividing

• Prepare the soil in advance in the beds as described above.
• Find or shop for an adult, lush rosemary bush with many shoots.
• Gently remove the roots from the ground, shake them off.
• Separate the shoots from each other along with the roots.
• Before deepening the sprouts into the soil, it is advisable to dip them in a growth-promoting mixture (available in stores).
• Dig holes in the soil to the length of the roots and plant the shoots.
• Moisten the soil and continue leaving.

Rosemary: plant care at home

Its health depends on the proper care of this slightly capricious plant. Many people wonder how much to water rosemary, because opinions are often contradictory - some say that the bush loves moisture, others deny it. Let's figure out all the rules for caring for a shrub.

Watering

So, the most important question is: how to water the rosemary? Moisturizing greens growing in a garden or vegetable garden should be done often, but in moderation. Much depends on the climate.

On hot days, watering can be regular every other day, on cooler days - once every 3-4 days. The most important thing is that the soil does not retain moisture and has good drainage properties, for this it must be weeded periodically.

Loosening, weeding

Weed the soil under the bushes in the summer about once a month; by autumn, the frequency of loosening can be reduced. This must be done carefully, not too deep, so as not to damage the root system.

Weeds around the greenery must be removed.

Top dressing

Reinforced top dressing (once a month) of rosemary begins closer to the period of its flowering - at the end of April and continues until August. Mineral fertilizers alternate with organic ones.

With the beginning of autumn and all winter, the spice is fertilized every 2 months.

Rosemary: growing conditions at home

Pruning

To make the shrub lush, in the spring, the upper stems can be cut, then it will take on a beautiful, spherical shape.

Once every few years, shoots are cut at the root in the fall to renew the greenery.

Winter rosemary care

Winter is a difficult period for a heat-loving plant. In order for him to successfully survive the cold, it is advisable to build a plastic greenhouse for him, and cover the roots with sawdust, tyrsa, straw or hay.

Some dig up the bushes, transplant them into pots and bring them indoors for the winter. This is also an option for taking care of the spice.

Read more about growing rosemary on a windowsill here. Watering in winter is reduced to 1 time per week. If the plant is brought home, then you can water it a little more often - 2 times a week, in moderation.

Growing conditions for rosemary during the winter months depend a lot on the climate. In the southern regions, where winters are short and not frosty, the shrub does not need any special care and winters well on its own in the garden or vegetable garden.

So we examined everything about the propagation of rosemary, about planting and care in the open field. Now you can independently practice the cultivation of this spicy, aromatic shrub, which contains a huge amount of useful substances and is used not only in cooking, but also in folk medicine. If this plant "starts" on your beds - consider that you are growing a green first-aid kit.

Everyone knows rosemary as a food additive and spice, but very few people undertook to grow this plant themselves. If you like to add rosemary to your culinary masterpieces, growing will not seem like a difficult task to you, read in more detail later in the article.

The biggest problem in growing and caring for rosemary is its thermophilicity, because it is native to the southern countries. In vegetable gardens and orchards, this perennial plant can only be grown in the warm season, and with the onset of cold weather, it will have to be transplanted into a pot. However, experienced gardeners recommend growing rosemary only in a pot, simply taking it out into the yard in the warm season, and besides, this spice can be grown in this way even in an apartment.

You should start by buying seeds or cuttings. Let's consider both options:

1) Growing rosemary from seeds is, of course, a longer and more painstaking process. In late winter - early spring, place the seeds in pots with lightly watered loose soil. Create a greenhouse effect in the pots - cover them with cellophane or glass. Then keep the containers in this state for 15-20 days in a cool room or on a balcony at a temperature of 4-7 degrees Celsius.

This is a preparatory stage, at the end of the specified period, place the pots in a warm place and wait about 30 more days, the first sprouts will appear.

Now, before the onset of the warm season, keep the seedlings at a temperature of 9-15 degrees and water the soil in pots when it dries out.

With the onset of warmth, the plant is also transferred to a warm room, to a balcony or to a garden.

2) As for growing from cuttings, it should be carried out at the end of cold October - in November. Cuttings are young twigs of an adult plant with the leaves cut off. After preparation, plant the shoots in mixed peat with sand, this will give the most suitable conditions for root formation, in time you need to wait 20-30 days. Until the roots grow, apply water to the cuttings themselves with a spray bottle. After 30 days, repot the rosemary in loose soil.

To grow rosemary, the most important thing is to maintain the correct temperatures at different times of the year. In the summer, it is quite possible to put the pot in the garden or even plant the plant itself in the ground. With a cold snap, pots with plants should be at a temperature of 10 to 15 degrees Celsius, this regime is observed from November to February-March.

The second most important factor is lighting. The more light and the more intense it is, the more comfortable rosemary feels and the better it develops.Even during the winter, try to leave the pot in a bright place.

The minimum daylight hours for rosemary is 7 hours, if it is impossible to provide sunlight, use artificial lighting.

As for fertilizers, the plant may well grow without them, but it will not be superfluous to fertilize the soil in a pot a couple of times a month in the warm season and once a month and a half to two months with the onset of cold weather.

Rosemary does not need large amounts of water. In the warm season, the soil under the plant should be watered with sufficient water so that it becomes moist to the very bottom of the container. Much less in winter - just don't let the soil dry out.

To stimulate the correct lush growth of new leaves and twigs, cut the forks on the shoots that have grown over the past year in March. And once every 6-8 years, shoots are cut off above the soil itself, otherwise the appearance of new branches slows down.

The soil in the pot needs to be changed every 2-3 years, in the case when the plant has lush roots - repot it every year, while trimming off the excess root tips.

That's all! With this knowledge, you can easily provide yourself with fresh rosemary almost all year round.

Can't understand how connected

rosemary

, your site and the sea? It's simple. The fact is that "rosemary" is translated as "sea freshness". And this means that by planting it on your site, you, figuratively speaking, will nurture the freshness of the sea. But today we will not be talking about a beach holiday, but about how to properly plant rosemary, grow it and then use it.

So, rosemary is an evergreen perennial shrub with needle-like leaves.

conifers

... In open ground it can grow up to 2 m in height. Grows wild on the Mediterranean coast. Do you understand now what kind of sea freshness will be on your site?))

Since ancient times, rosemary has been famous for its medicinal and aromatic properties. So, for example, this plant is included in the list of the famous seasonings of Provence. The scent of rosemary is similar to a mixture of eucalyptus, camphor, lemon and pine. I don't even know if sea freshness can smell like that ... But let's move on to the most important thing.

Planting rosemary

Contrary to popular belief, this plant is no longer exotic, it can be grown in our plots with you. However, so that the venture does not end in failure, it is important to know the following features:

1. First, rosemary is light-requiring and thermophilic. Frosts are fatal for him. From this we can conclude: the time of landing in the ground must be determined independently. Better to land later, when there is no longer a threat of frost.
2. Secondly, rosemary loves calcareous, light and loose soils. He does not like heavy, oily, acidic and too wet soils. Here is such a fussy. But this shrub is absolutely not susceptible to disease. Yes, and pests try to bypass it - apparently, it is too fragrant.

You can plant rosemary 4 ways: by seeds, layering, cuttings or dividing the bush. I think the best option for us is growing from seed seedlings with subsequent planting in the ground. Considering all of the above, you can sow seedlings already in February-March. And after a month, the grown seedlings can be planted in separate pots.

By the way, rosemary seeds look like this:

Not that big, of course =) Here they are in full size:

Seeds germinate at a temperature of +12 ° C ... + 22 ° C. By the way, no need to immerse them too deeply in the soil, a depth of 0.3-0.4 cm is enough. And do not fill! The soil should be moderately moist.

The seedlings have grown, and the frost is over? Then we plant our rosemary in the open ground. Usually they use a 50 x 50 cm scheme.But if you do not plan to grow a shrub, a distance of 10 cm will be enough.

If you have topropagate rosemary by cuttingsdo it like this. At the end of June, young shoots are cut from the bush. The length of the cuttings should be 8-10 cm. Then the lower ends of the cuttings are stuck into the ground at an angle of 45o. A depth of 5 cm will be sufficient.There should be at least 10 cm between the cuttings. The cuttings will soon take root and grow.

Now let's find out how to properly care for rosemary.

Rosemary care

Rosemary does not require any special care. It grows in the wild, which means it will grow here too. However…

Watering

Watering should be regular but moderate. If you still remember, rosemary does not like moist soil. You should not underfill either. You will understand that the bush does not have enough moisture if its leaves begin to turn yellow. And if you fill it with water, it can throw off the leaves, letting you know: they say, that's enough, he's gotten drunk already. In general, avoid extremes.

Loosening, weeding and feeding

Well, loosen and weed, of course, it is necessary. This is a matter of course. But what to feed? Some are watered with mullein solution (in a ratio of 1: 5). Others use complex mineral and organic fertilizers containing phosphorus and nitrogen. Once a month is enough.

In the spring, they are watered with nitrogen fertilizers - this is necessary for the formation of the root system. And in the fall, phosphorus is better. Then the plant will feel comfortable and will be able to decorate your site for a long time.

Pruning

With the industrial cultivation of rosemary, once every 7-8 years, its bushes are cut to the level of the soil. So to speak, they rejuvenate - so that new shoots can start. If your rosemary bush is already old, I think it makes sense to do this. In addition, the bushes need to be shaped if you want them to be beautiful. Usually, formative pruning is done in March-April.

Shelter

As far as I know, in the south of Russia, rosemary grows well and so. It was first brought to Crimea in the 19th century and, apparently, he liked it there)). But in our cold climate, it is better to play it safe and cover, if possible. Otherwise it may freeze out.

Often they do it differently: cut the rosemary and transplant it into a pot for the winter. For the middle lane, this is perhaps the most reliable option.

It seems that this is all about leaving. Let's talk about harvesting.

Harvesting

How much can you harvest from a rosemary bush? Naturally, its greenery.

It is advisable to do this in sunny weather. We pluck young shoots, dry them and grind them. So a fragrant seasoning for meat is ready. Sometimes its root is also used, but extremely rarely.

Types and varieties of rosemary

As such, there are few varieties of rosemary. Rosemary is rosemary. As for the species, there are about five of them, but I will not give their Latin names - this is for scientists)) We are interested in the most common species in our strip - rosemary ordinaryhe is rosemary officinalis.

He still has some varieties. True, it will hardly be possible to identify them from photographs: they do not differ in appearance)). Popular domestic varieties: Tenderness, Rosinka, Vishnyakovsky Semko ...

Among the foreign varieties of rosemary, mention should be made of the undersized variety “

Severn sea "(Its height is no more than 50 cm):

Variety "

Prostratus ”Is a rosemary with creeping shoots. Its bushes are about 15 cm high.

Variety "

Roseus "Differs in pink flowers, but"

Albiflorus "- white ...

Our gardeners often plant rosemary not for culinary purposes, but just for the sake of beauty.

Have you tried planting rosemary? And how do you like it? =)