Asparagus curly beans outdoor planting and care

Beans are an excellent vegetable crop that is well respected among gardeners for their beneficial qualities, ease of planting and growing. In addition, beans yield excellent yields when properly cared for. Today we will talk about how to properly grow asparagus beans in the open field (photos are attached).

Description of popular varieties and existing varieties

Asparagus, or green beans as they are sometimes called, is a climbing perennial / annual plant with feathery leaves. Flower development takes place in the axils. The fruits are bivalve beans, with large beans inside, between which there is a spongy-looking septum. Beans are high in protein and micronutrients.

Beans are a plant that does not require a lot of light. Enough 12 hours a day to get a rich harvest as a result. The big plus of the culture is that it is capable of self-pollination, which means that you can completely calmly cultivate several varieties on the site at once. And by the way about the varieties. Asparagus beans can be classified in several ways:

1. By ripening terms: early ripening (2 months), mid-early (2.5 months), medium (2.5-3 months), mid-ripening (up to one hundred days) and late (ripening period exceeds 100 days).
2. By the shape of a land plant: climbing, bush.
3. According to taste characteristics and scope of use: shelling, sugar and semi-sugar.

Shelling (grain) beans

Shelling (grain) beans cultivated exclusively for the consumption of grains, since the outer shell is sufficiently hard that it cannot be used for food. Such beans are best grown only in warm climates, since in the middle lane they simply will not ripen, and in this form they will simply be inedible. The most popular varieties of grain beans include:

• Ballad. This mid-season variety is drought tolerant and high in protein. It has green pods and light yellow grains with purple splashes.
• Ruby. This variety is also mid-season. It has narrow pods containing burgundy beans. Possesses excellent taste characteristics.
• Chocolate girl. These are medium late beans, the bush reaches a meter in height. The pods are long, yellow.

Asparagus (sugar) beans it is usually used for food almost entirely, that is, together with the pods, since they do not contain a special permanent layer, as in the shelling. This variety is the tastiest. It also has an interesting property: the removal of excess fluid from the body. The most popular types of green beans include:

• Oil King. An early ripening variety that gives a rich harvest. Has pods with a delicate flavor.
• Hell Rem. Variety with climbing bushes and light pink beans with a delicate mushroom flavor.
• Crane. It has a fairly compact size bushes on which fiberless pods ripen with a delicate taste.

Asparagus (sugar) beans

Planting plants in open ground

Since asparagus beans are a rather thermophilic plant, the plot should be sown with seeds in late spring (not earlier than May), when the weather becomes stable warm and the air warms up to at least 10 degrees with a plus.

Beans "love" fertile soil that is easily permeable to water with deep groundwater. It is undesirable to use areas with clay, too wet or nitrogen-saturated soil for growing asparagus (since asparagus itself is capable of producing it).

The site for planting beans must be prepared in the fall: dig it up with the addition of 4 kg of humus, a couple of tablespoons of dolomite flour, a spoonful of saltpeter and superphosphate and (preferably) potassium chloride for each square meter of the site.

In the spring, a couple of days before sowing the seeds, the ground must be re-dug up and walked over it with a rake in order to slightly "fluff" it. If the soil is viscous, then you can add sand: about 5 kg for each meter of the sown area. Be sure to disinfect the soil with mild potassium permanganate.

Growing beans outdoors

Before planting the seeds of asparagus beans, be sure to sort out and discard beans with any defects. Fill them with hot enough water and leave for fifteen minutes. They will have time to absorb moisture and swell slightly - then the seedlings will appear much faster. After soaking, the seeds are necessarily disinfected in a weak solution of potassium permanganate to protect young seedlings from pests.

Bean seeds are planted to a depth of no more than 6 cm in holes, the distance between which is about 20 cm (this applies to bush varieties). The distance between the rows should be no more than half a meter. The distance between the seeds of the climbing varieties should be somewhat wider - about 30 cm. 5-6 beans are placed in each hole. After planting the seeds, the sown area must be moistened and the soil slightly compacted.

Advice. When the first shoots appear, only the "strongest" seedlings (2-3 pieces) should be left in the holes, the rest should be removed.

Caring for asparagus beans

Caring for asparagus beans includes a number of standard measures that every gardener is familiar with: watering, fertilizing, hilling, feeding. Let's consider each process in more detail.

Plant propagation in the open field

In order for the propagation of asparagus beans in the open field to occur quickly and efficiently, the seedlings must be constantly monitored.Until the first buds appear, bean seedlings need to be watered regularly: abundantly, but infrequently (no more than 1 time per week). The soil must not be dry.

When the plants have the first few leaves, watering should be completely stopped. When the beans begin to bloom, watering is resumed again and its frequency doubles.

Advice. For watering beans, it is better to use either rainwater or settled water.

It is better to start loosening the soil after the sprouts reach a height of 6-7 cm. The second loosening (simultaneously with hilling) is carried out a couple of weeks after the first. The soil is loosened one last time before the bean bushes begin to close.

In order for the development of beans to occur quickly and efficiently, it needs a little help in this. So, for the curly beans, special vertical supports (1.5 m) are made. Either a rope or wire is placed on top of them. Bean shoots are sent along it.

Fertilization and feeding

When the first leaves appear on the bean seedlings, you can start feeding in the form of superphosphate in the amount of 30-40 g per square meter. And when the first buds appear, add potassium salt to the soil - about 10 g per the same unit of area. During the period of fruit ripening, the soil should be fed with fertilizer in the form of a solution of wood ash.

Advice. You should not add nitrogen to the soil, since the beans themselves produce it. If the nitrogen content in the soil is excessive, then the harvest will turn out to be rather modest, but there will be plenty of greenery.

We fight diseases and pests

Most often, beans suffer from such diseases: downy mildew, bacteriosis and anthracnose. It is quite simple to actively prevent the spread of these diseases: you just need to carry out proper care, destroy infected plants, add limestone to the acidic soil, do not forget to disinfect the seeds before sowing. Copper preparations should be used to protect beans from fungal and viral damage.

Bean anthracnose

In addition to all of the above, the plant can be eaten by slugs, the appearance of which can be prevented by removing weeds in a timely manner and regularly moistening the soil. If they do appear, you just need to delete them.

Advice. The yield of beans directly depends on the quality of their pollination. Pollinating insects can help in this. You can lure them with the help of sugar syrup, which should sometimes be sprayed with a flowering plant.

Combining asparagus beans with other plants

The plant reproduces well in the ground with such predecessors as: representatives of the nightshade family (tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant), cabbage. But with predecessors from the legume family, the combination is unlikely (including beans).

Vegetable crops such as onions, cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, beets, etc. will become good "neighbors" for beans.

Harvesting asparagus beans can be started as early as 14 days after the plant has its first flowers (if you want to enjoy the delicate taste of the young pods). Otherwise, you can harvest when the pods are dry and the fruits are fully ripe.

So our article has come to an end. We examined in detail the process of growing asparagus beans and caring for them in the open field. We wish you a good harvest!

How to plant asparagus beans: video

Growing asparagus beans: photo

A small bed of asparagus beans can provide a family with a healthy vitamin vegetable, caring for which is not at all difficult, does not take much time and effort, but it will be much tastier than the analogues sold in the retail network. The main task of the gardener is timely harvesting.

What is the difference between asparagus beans

Asparagus (or green beans) beans are a type of common beans. It differs in that unripe pods are eaten together with the valves. They lack rigid fibers and an inner so-called parchment layer. In terms of taste and cooking methods, such beans resemble young asparagus, hence its colloquial name. Ripe green beans are also used for cooking. They are finer and tougher than common beans and therefore require pre-soaking and longer boiling.

Fresh asparagus beans cannot be stored for a long time, after a couple of weeks they coarse and dry out

Asparagus bean varieties

Everything should start with the selection of the variety. Productivity, choice of location and planting method for different varieties have their own specifics.

First of all, attention should be paid to the timing of the ripening of the culture. For the northern regions, early maturing varieties with a harvest time of 45 to 60 days are preferable. The ripening period of mid-season varieties is up to 80 days, late varieties will ripen no earlier than 90 days after sowing.

The following forms of green beans are distinguished:

• bush, with a plant height of 30-50 cm;

  Bushy asparagus beans are compact and do not require props

• semi-curling, up to 2 m in height;
• curly, up to 5 meters high.

  Vertical planting of climbing beans saves space in small areas and decorates them during flowering and fruiting

Shades of asparagus bean inflorescences are very diverse, so the culture is often used to decorate a garden plot.

During flowering, asparagus beans are very beautiful.

The color of the pods can also be very different: green, yellow, purple, red in all the variety of shades.

Asparagus bean varieties differ in many ways, including fruit color

Table: Most Popular Green Beans

Photo gallery: the best varieties of asparagus beans

The pods of Blue Lake asparagus beans grow up to 16 cm long and are very delicate in taste Bona's green beans are excellent for canning and direct consumption, not recommended for freezing Golden Neck beans are excellent for various culinary processing: canning, freezing, making soups and other various dishes The beans of the Nota variety do not have a parchment layer, are slightly curved, have a weight of 5 to 5.5 g. The fruits of the Snegurochka green beans contain a large amount of protein, mineral salts, B vitamins, as well as C, E, A Fatima asparagus beans - straight , incredibly long, sugar, delicate taste

Planting beans

A well-lit area with light, loose, non-acidic soil is ideal for planting green beans. In low areas with an elevated water table, beans grow poorly. Organic fertilizers for beans are usually not used; it is better to apply them under the previous crops. During the autumn digging of the site for growing beans, it is recommended to add superphosphate (30 g per sq. M), and in the spring, before planting the culture, nitrophosphate sulfate (according to the instructions).

Planting dates depend on the climatic characteristics of the region. In southern regions, beans are sown in open ground in late April-early May, and in the Moscow region and central Russia, sowing can be done in late May or early June. The main condition when choosing a timeline is the end of returnable frosts.

Please note: almost all varieties of green beans are thermophilic. Frosts, cold snaps are not easy to negatively affect the growth processes - they can destroy plants.

The main method of planting bean seeds is in 4–6 cm furrows with a row spacing of 30 to 60 cm. On sandy soils, beans can be planted a little deeper (6–8 cm). It is necessary to maintain a distance of 15–20 cm between the plants. A closer arrangement will interfere with plant maintenance and harvesting.In addition, fungal diseases spread faster in thickened plantings. For curly beans, it is preferable to plant around the supports in the holes.

Sowing can be carried out with dry seeds or soaked (no more than a day) in 1–2% solution of growth stimulants (ash, honey, organic matter) or a very weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Planting asparagus beans can be carried out when the air temperature rises to 15 degrees, and the likelihood of night frosts has passed

The grooves or holes must be watered abundantly. A beneficial effect on the germination rate and yield of green beans will give top dressing when planting with wood ash (sprinkle the furrow with a thin layer).

Caring for asparagus beans

When planted with dry seeds, the first shoots appear in about two weeks. Soaking the seeds will shorten this period to 7–10 days. The main condition for friendly seedlings is regular watering. If the seedlings turned out to be dense, they must be thinned out, and when the sprouts reach 7-10 cm in height, they must be hilled.

Bean seedlings need moderate watering, an excess of moisture will lead to excessive growth of the green part of the plant

The culture does not require special care. The root system of the plant is shallow, therefore, in hot weather, when the soil dries out to a great depth, planting requires watering. It must be carried out at the root, abundantly, and then mulch the ground. This will not only retain moisture, but will also help get rid of weeds. Particular attention should be paid to soil moisture during flowering and fruit setting. If watering, weed control, loosening of row spacings are carried out in a timely manner, then a good harvest will be ensured.

Top dressing with nitrogen fertilizers should be carried out only with obvious signs of a deficiency of this substance (pale color, yellowing, leaf fall, slow growth, drying out). In this case, feeding with infusion of mullein, bird droppings or nettle is recommended. During the budding period, a potassium-phosphorus complex is useful for the plant (15 g of superphosphate + 5 g of potassium chloride per 1 sq. M) or feeding with wood ash (40 g of ash per running meter).

Please note: with additional fertilizing with phosphorus and potash fertilizers, the yield of the crop improves, the protein content in beans increases.

Harvesting

Timely harvest is one of the main conditions for obtaining quality products. After 2-3 weeks after flowering, ovaries form on the plants, which will be ready for harvesting in about 10 days. Picking the pods regularly will help to create new ovaries and thus increase the yield.

Asparagus beans are harvested selectively during the period of milk ripeness, that is, without waiting for the fruits to begin to harden. The length of the pods by this time will reach 10–20 cm (depending on the variety), and the seed inside should be the size of a wheat seed. Overgrown, overripe pods of even the best varieties will be fibrous and tough; it is better to leave them in the garden and wait until the seeds are fully ripe, which can then be used for food or saved for planting next year.

Video: How to Collect and Save Asparagus Bean Seeds

Features of growing bush and curly beans

There are several differences between growing bush and climbing beans. When climbing plants reach the height of the support, it is recommended to pinch their top. The positive results of this procedure:

• the height of the plant is limited, which further facilitates harvesting;
• ripening of pods is accelerated;
• the bush turns out to be more lush, as the growth of lateral shoots is activated.

The main difference is that the climbing varieties need support. Since the plant can reach 3 or more meters in length, have a heavy green mass, the supports must be high and strong enough. What can be used as supports for curly asparagus beans:

• existing buildings and structures: fences, fences, stairs, walls of arbors and houses;
• lower branches of trees. Beans are excellent neighbors with many plants, as they contribute to the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil. The disadvantage of such a support is that a branched tree can create an undesirable excess of shade for the beans, it can be difficult to harvest and remove dry residues;
• mesh netting. The condition for using such a support: the net must be securely fixed so that a heavy plant cannot overwhelm it. It should be noted that the removal of dry residues from the mesh cells is difficult and problematic;
• trellis. They can be made using two posts (metal or wood) firmly dug into the ground. Between the posts, it is necessary to pull in rows of wire, twine or net;
• poles at least 2 meters high. They can be assembled in the form of a hut, T or U-shaped with a twine falling from horizontal poles to the ground;
• tall plants. Sunflower is sown before planting beans. When it reaches a height of 8-10 cm, beans are planted. On the stem of the sunflower, the lower leaves are cut off and the stems of the beans are wrapped around the stem of the sunflower.

Several climbing beans are planted around the supports. As they grow, the shoots twine around the supports, do not spread along the ground, do not cling to neighboring plants.

Please note: the best material for making supports is wood. It is difficult for a plant to wrap around material without roughness (metal, plastic), since beans do not have a mustache.

Photo Gallery: Supports for Climbing Asparagus Beans

The yield of varieties of curly beans is often higher than that of bush beans, but they are no less tasty and biologically valuable.

Growing asparagus beans in the greenhouse and at home

An early harvest of green beans can be obtained by planting the crop not in open ground, but in a greenhouse. With this planting, preference should be given to early varieties. The plant can be planted in a separate area or along the edge of the ridges. In order to avoid shading of the main crops with curly beans, not more than one bean plant is planted per sq. meter.

If for some reason in the greenhouse it was necessary to remove already grown tomato or pepper seedlings, then a bean seed can be planted in the vacant hole. It will quickly overtake the main plantings and have time to bear fruit. The soil in the greenhouse is usually well fertilized, so the beans will branch a lot. In this case, it is recommended to remove lateral shoots to a height of 70–80 cm, and pinch the next ones at the height of the first inflorescence. Free air circulation must be ensured between the plants.

Video: growing beans in a greenhouse

For planting in an apartment or on a balcony, it is better to choose bush varieties of beans, since there is no need for large containers to grow them. For planting, special vegetable containers, large flower pots are suitable. The soil should be used fertile, loose. Its composition can be as follows: 2 parts of the earth and 1 part of humus.

Ordinary flower pots can be used to grow asparagus beans on the windowsill.

The planting process does not differ from planting a crop in open ground. When leaving, you should pay attention to the following points:

• it is impossible to overmoisten the soil, therefore watering should be carried out as the soil dries up;
• since beans are a thermophilic plant, they should be provided with a comfortable temperature regime;
• the plant needs sunlight. With an obvious deficit of sunlight on rainy, twilight days of beans, additional lighting is needed, which can be organized using fluorescent lamps;
• even when growing a bush variety, the plant needs a little support.

Even bush bean varieties need a little support.

Curly bean varieties also thrive on balconies. They can provide a good harvest of wholesome beans, decorate balconies and provide cool shade on hot summer days.It should be borne in mind that for growth they need a container with a volume of at least 3 liters and a reliable support.

When growing asparagus beans, you will receive several benefits: you will get an excellent harvest, diversify your diet with healthy and tasty fruits, improve the composition of the soil and decorate your site with almost no cost.

My name is Ludmila. Higher education, graduated from the Minsk Institute of Culture. I live in Belarus. Rate the article:

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At first, asparagus beans did not become widespread in the garden plots of amateurs. But it’s completely in vain. Over time, people realized that the delicate pods of this variety could find more use in cooking than simple varieties. Although its ripe fruits are tougher, on the other hand pods do not contain parchment walls and hard fibers... That is why the whole pod can be eaten.

Description and characteristics of asparagus beans

These beans owe their name to asparagus, which are reminiscent of ready-made pods in taste. But in terms of biological relationship, asparagus beans are very similar to common beans. Their main difference is the absence of fibers and a solid film inside. Outwardly, they can be distinguished by the shape of the pods. In asparagus varieties, they are narrower and longer in shape. Asparagus varieties also include a separate species called Vigna.

In the northern area, legumes are grown through seedlings. In the south, on the contrary, you can manage to grow two, and sometimes even three crops per season.

There are three main types of asparagus beans:

• bush;
• half-curling;
• curly.

The shades of the pods also differ from cultivar:

• green;
• yellow;
• Violet;
• Red.

Asparagus beans of different shades

They are narrow in shape, but long.

Flowers may differ from each other in different varieties. Sometimes they are even used for decorative purposes. Oddly enough, most varieties are shade tolerant and can be grown even on the northern side of the plot in the open field.

Homeland and regions of growth

South and Central America is considered the homeland of asparagus beans. Since ancient times, the inhabitants of these regions have known about the miraculous properties of asparagus beans. Even the ancient Romans used this plant for cosmetic purposes. This plant came to Europe in the 16th century. In Russia, it was originally used to decorate gardens and flower beds. They began to eat it only after a couple of centuries.

Asparagus beans, especially young ones, cannot stand the slightest frost and even cold snaps.

Nowadays, asparagus beans are grown almost everywhere. Its beneficial properties and taste have found application not only in cooking, but also in cosmetology and other sectors of the national economy.

Most popular varieties

Asparagus beans already have a huge number of varieties. Some of them have become real favorites with domestic gardeners. These include:

• Turk;
• crane;
• tenderness;
• Snow Maiden;
• oil king.

Turk

Turkish asparagus beans

The first one is very often used for decorative purposes. The length of her lashes reaches 3 meters. Decorativeness is achieved due to the fact that the foliage covers the stem very densely. In addition to the beauty on the site, you can also enjoy delicious fruits. The pod length reaches 20 centimeters. Their color can be green and pink. The yield is good enough.

Crane

Asparagus beans Crane

It belongs to the early varieties and tastes very much like asparagus. Vegetable bean bushes are rather small, the height of the lashes is about half a meter. Seeds are green. The yield is high.

Oil king

Asparagus Beans Butter King

Another very popular early variety is the Butter King.The bush is very compact, less than half a meter in height. It is very resistant to diseases and pests, does not require regular watering, and tolerates drought well. The beans are yellow in color, the pod is about 25 centimeters long. Excellent taste, high yield.

Technology and scheme of planting vegetable seeds in open ground

How to plant this legume crop correctly in your country house? Beans are a rather thermophilic plant, they do not tolerate frost. When the temperature drops to +10 degrees, the plant stops growing, and even with the smallest frost it simply dies. For planting, you must try to select loose, well-drained soil. You can pre-apply organic fertilizers.

If the soil on the site is poorly fertile, sandy, then nitrogen fertilizers are applied in the spring (for example, ammonium nitrate 20-30 g / m2).

Sprouted Asparagus Bean Seeds

Beans have a very well developed root system, so they tolerate drought well. But in the absence of rain for a long time, watering is still necessary. But the plant does not tolerate excessive moisture.

Beans should be planted in one place, since their root system introduces a large amount of nitrogen into the soil. It is better to plant this crop in the places where potatoes, cabbage or cucumbers have grown before.

The seeds can be sown either dry or by pre-soaking them in a growth stimulant solution. You don't have to buy chemical stimulants. Honey, ash, humus and manure will be quite suitable. Sowing is carried out at an average depth (about 3-4 cm). If the planting is deep, then the seedlings will have to wait for a very long time, and their root system will be weakened. The seed in the garden is planted according to the following scheme: the distance between the rows should be 40-50 cm, and between the holes - 20-30 cm.

Post-plant care and plant cultivation in the garden

After the asparagus beans have sprung up, caring for it consists in watering, loosening and weeding, fertilizing and pest control.

If after planting there is a threat of night frost, then the sowing should be covered with a film or special material. A month after the emergence of seedlings, you need to carry out the first feeding with nitrogen fertilizers. This procedure is especially important in dry weather. With an insufficient organic content in the soil, complex fertilizers can also be applied.

During the period of pod ovary, it will be appropriate to fertilize with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. For climbing beans, it is advisable to build supports. If the variety you have chosen also has a beautiful flowering, then you can use it as a decorative one.

Rope Trellis for Curly Asparagus Beans

When weeding the beds, the grass can not be thrown away, but used as mulch. Later, it can serve as a good fertilizer, since beans respond well to organics.

Harvesting and proper storage of crops

Asparagus beans are usually harvested without allowing them to ripen. That is why it is very important not to miss the moment of collection. This is best done a couple of weeks after the ovary appears. It is during this period that the supply of nutrients is greatest, the pods are soft and tasty, and the grains are small. When the pods are removed, the plant begins a new wave of flowering and continues to set the pods. This harvesting technique allows you to harvest until the very frost.

Beans should in no case be eaten raw, since there is a toxic substance in its composition. It can cause severe intoxication of the body. That is why, even when added to fresh salads, it is recommended to boil it.

Usually, the harvested crop is consumed both fresh and canned, frozen. The collected pods can also be stored in a cool and dark place for a short time. However, after a week they will begin to coarse and lose their marketable qualities.That is why it is better to use freezers for storage for a longer period.

Asparagus beans are valued not only as a component of culinary dishes, but also as an ornamental plant. In addition, it enriches the soil with nutrients and nitrogen, which is also important. In cultivation, this culture is not capricious, and harvesting is very simple. The beneficial properties of beans have been used since very ancient times, some recipes have survived to this day.

Many people are familiar with such a culture as beans since childhood. Soups are made from it, added to salads, stewed, and prepared. Beans belong to the Legumes family. Grows in the form of a climbing herb or shrub. The color of the fruit can be varied, with a very interesting pattern.

Beans are among the ten most useful foods. Due to the content of about 20% of protein in terms of energy value, it is equal to meat, the balanced composition of the product supplies almost all body systems with useful substances.

Simple agricultural technology and unpretentious care, the possibility of obtaining a generous harvest of useful and nutritious fruits - all this prompts you to set aside a piece of land for beans on your site. Even a novice vegetable grower can handle the cultivation of beans. Beans are successfully cultivated in Belarus, Ukraine, the Moscow region, the Urals and even in Siberia.

Dates for planting beans in open ground

Beans planting in spring photo shoots

Beans are a thermophilic crop. They start planting it in the second half of May, when the threat of return frosts has completely passed. The lowest temperature that young seedlings can survive is 0 ° C, at -1 ° C the seedlings die. If the frost was short, then the sprouts will survive, but their development will be slowed down, which will negatively affect the yield.

Covering with a film, agrotextile or the construction of a temporary shelter will help protect against a sudden drop in temperature, as an option - make a fire at night so that it smokes until morning, this will help ward off small short-term frosts.

When planting beans, be guided by the weather conditions:

• At a depth of 10 cm, the soil should warm up by 12-15 ° C (according to popular observations, this approximately coincides with the period of flowering of chestnuts).
• To start sowing a little earlier (in the future it has a positive effect on the yield), the soil should be "warmed up" by covering it with plastic wrap. After sowing, cover the beds again until the night temperature is + 12 ° C.

Erect varieties should be sown first, after a week, start sowing climbing ones. Bush varieties are recommended to be sown in early July (just at this time, the beds will be free after harvesting early-ripening vegetables).

Planting dates for beans in the middle lane and the Moscow region

Experienced gardeners carry out seeding in several stages. From mid-May to early June, beans can be sown at 10-day intervals.

Planting dates for beans in Siberia and the Urals

In open ground, seeds can be planted in early June.

Do I need to soak beans before planting?

How to soak beans before planting and how to process

Seeds are sown directly into open ground without growing seedlings. Whether to soak beans before planting, think carefully: prepared seeds will need to be planted immediately, regardless of weather conditions or sudden cases that have appeared. Therefore, schedule your time so as not to spoil the seed in vain. In addition, soaked seeds should be planted in moist soil, because if there is a lack of moisture, the sprouts will simply die. Therefore, when planting, water the holes and plant the soaked seeds in the mud, or water after planting.

To get earlier shoots and protect young shoots from diseases, it is advisable to pre-treat the seeds before planting.

Start processing in the evening before sowing. The process takes place in several stages:

• For 10 minutes, place in a slightly boron solution of potassium permanganate, then rinse with water.
• Then soak in wood ash infusion for 2 hours, rinse again.
• Wrap in a damp cloth and leave at room temperature overnight.
• Immediately before sowing, dip in boric acid solution for 5 minutes.

When deciding whether to soak beans before planting, consider the following factors:

• If you plant in dry soil and there is no way to water, do not soak it better.
• If it will rain soon and you are sure you will have time to plant, you can soak and not water when planting.
• It is advisable to soak if it is already late, and you want to get seedlings as soon as possible.
• When planting large areas in the field, it is better not to soak, you will not have time to water, and the seeds may die from a lack of moisture in sufficiently dry weather.

Choosing a place for planting beans

Illumination

Choose a well-lit place for cultivating beans, avoid drafts and strong winds. Young, immature shoots are very sensitive to this. Beans are often sown along fences, under apple trees.

Soil composition

Clay soils are contraindicated, since they do not allow water and air to pass through well, and the roots of the plant do not tolerate dampness (they will simply rot). Loose soils with a nutritious top layer are best.

Predecessors

Take into account the crops that were previously grown on the site. Excellent predecessors are carrots, potatoes, cucumber, peppers, tomatoes, eggplant.

Preparing a site for planting beans

Site preparation consists in digging to the depth of a shovel bayonet and adding one of the nutrient compositions (per 1 m²):

1. Compost or humus (4 kg), 2 tablespoons of superphosphate and dolomite flour, 1 tablespoon of ammonium nitrate.
2. About 2 kg of humus or compost, 30 g of superphosphate, 20 g of wood ash.

Planting scheme for beans in open ground and planting depth

Planting bush beans scheme:

Planting bush beans photo

The holes are made at a distance of 20-25 cm, in the aisles they keep a distance of 40 cm, planting depth of beans is 5-6 cm.

Planting curly beans scheme:

How to plant curly beans photo

For climbing varieties, the row spacing should be 45-50 cm. They will need support.

Place a few seeds (5-6 pcs) in each hole, pour warm water. When the shoots appear and give one true leaf each, leave 3 shoots in the hole (the rest can be transplanted or simply removed).

Planting scheme for green beans or asparagus

How to plant asparagus beans photo

It is also convenient to plant green beans, or asparagus, in rows: the depth of the grooves is about 5-6 cm, the row spacing is left 40-60 cm wide, in the row between the beans, 10 cm is enough.

How to plant beans in rows, look at the video:

The method of planting beans described in the video is very convenient for use in a summer cottage and a personal plot.

Planting corn and beans together

Corn with beans planting and care photos

Climbing beans are often grown in conjunction with corn. Landing is done under a hoe: shallow holes are made with a hoe, shoveling the earth in one direction, throw 2 corn seeds and 2-3 beans each, rake the hole with your foot and move on. The distance between the rows is 0.7 m, in the row between the holes - 30-40 cm.

Further care of the plants is simple: timely weeding, if it is in the steppe. If at home, you can water occasionally to get a rich harvest.

Planting curly beans in the video:

Do I need to water the beans after planting

When planting in the steppe, the beans are not watered, if this is a personal plot, it is better to plant the beans in the mud and sprinkle with damp earth (before planting, pour some water into the holes or rows). This does not form an earthen crust on the surface, and it will be easier for young tender sprouts to break through.

How many bean seeds sprout

The acceleration of germination is facilitated by the treatment of seeds with a growth stimulant and soaking.

Untreated bean seeds begin to sprout 7-10 days after planting. If the temperature of the air and soil is below the recommended values, then the seeds germinate for 5-7 days longer.

How to care for beans outdoors

Beans are unpretentious in care, requiring minimal effort on the part of a person. It is useful to hud up young shoots in order to give them stability.

How to water

The plant is hygrophilous. It is important to ensure regular, balanced watering if you want to get a lot of beans. Pay special attention to this point during the period of pod formation. Watering is carried out about 1 time per week, determine the rate of water for the bush "by eye", the main thing is to prevent the soil from drying out. For irrigation, it is better to use softened water with a temperature of at least 18 ° C. For this purpose, you can install a barrel in the garden to collect rainwater or settle tap water.

How to feed

Beans are usually not fed. However, a high level of agricultural technology will allow you to get a much larger harvest. The culture is responsive to feeding, but don't overdo it. Otherwise, the tops will actively develop, which will reduce the ovary of the pods.

If you have taken care of laying the nutrient layer during planting, it is enough to feed three times per season.

• The first feeding is carried out 1-1.5 months after germination. Apply a complex of mineral fertilizers with an emphasis on nitrogen and phosphorus. You can add superphosphate (30-40 g per 1 m²).
• For the formation of fruits, a second feeding should be carried out 3 weeks after the first. Add 10-15 g of potassium salt per 1 m² of area.
• The third time is fed after another 3 weeks.

Remove weeds from the area regularly.

After watering, gently loosen the soil in the tree trunk circle.

Useful video about growing vegetable beans:

Diseases and pests of beans

Sources of disease are infected seeds, so discard poor quality seeds (shriveled, darkened, unevenly colored, with strange dots or spots) and be sure to pre-treat. Choose more resistant varieties (we talked about them earlier). In southern regions, sow later so that plants form at 25 ° C. Also, a measure of control against diseases and pests is the observance of crop rotation (in the same place they are grown with an interval of about 4 years).

Bean diseases:

Bean anthracnose

• Anthracnose - the whole plant with leaves and fruits is covered with rusty spots.
• Powdery mildew - recognized by the presence of a whitish bloom.
• Ascochitosis - spots with a black core and a blurry outline appear on the leaf plates. The defeat most often occurs at the fruiting stage - it is too late to heal.
• Rust - the leaves become covered with brown spots, which quickly fill the plant, literally killing it. Most often passes from milkweed weeds. If the disease occurred even before flowering, treat with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid.
• Deforming and yellow mosaic - leaf plates are covered with yellow specks, they become wrinkled, the growth rate slows down. However, the virus may not affect the fetus.
• Bacterial wilting - the edges of the leaves are covered with yellow spots, then they turn completely yellow and fall off. The disease develops in high humidity, so avoid sprinkling.

Bean pests

Pests are not often disturbed. Among them:

• Aphid
• Whitefly
• Bean weevil
• Sprout fly

In addition to the preventive measures described above, timely harvesting (before the pods crack) will help protect the beans from pests. To destroy pests, you should hold the beans in the freezer for 3-4 days.

Before and after flowering, you can carry out treatment with a biological product of a wide spectrum of action.

Bean stems and leaves can attack slugs. It is important to carry out weeding in a timely manner, because gastropods love a cool, moist environment.These pests are collected manually or use special traps.

Harvest time of beans

The timing of harvesting depends on the variety and variety of the crop.

Do not overexpose the asparagus beans in the garden - in the dried state, the quality of the product is lost.

If you plan to use the fruit for conservation, it can be picked slightly unripe. To store the beans dry, you must wait until they are ripe. But don't be late so you don't have to harvest beans from the ground.

Ripening can occur unevenly: in the shade of its own tops, some ovaries remain greenish, and at the tops, the pods are already dry. Remove the last, leave the rest to ripen.

It is not necessary to manually remove the beans from the pods. Take a bag or spread a blanket, lay out well-dried pods, and use a stick or other similar object to walk around with moderate effort. Remove the husk and sort the beans, dry them and store them. Store in glass jars with a tight-fitting lid (preferably glass or metal).

Bean varieties with photos and descriptions

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is cultivated for the purpose of producing beans. Among the varieties (curly or bush), bush beans are most often preferred.

The variety of varieties complicates the selection. Consider the classification depending on the adaptability of the variety to the specific climatic conditions of a particular region.

Bean varieties for Ukraine, Belarus, Moscow region

Green beans Moscow white beans 556 photos

Moscow white green-leafed 556 - forms bushes about 25 cm high. The beans are covered with a very thin parchment layer (it boils rather quickly). The variety is resistant to both drought and high humidity. The period from sowing to technical maturity is 100 days.

Curly beans Nomad photo

Nomad is a climbing variety with medium ripening periods. The beans are ovoid and have a shade of ocher with a pale purple pattern. They do not have fibers and parchment layers, which makes the structure soft and delicate.

Bean varieties for the middle lane and the Urals

Orange - shrub plants 35-55 cm high. Ripening early (80-90 days). The fruits are distinguished by their high taste. With 1 m², you can harvest within 200 g.

Pink - the bush curls, the stems reach a length of about 3 m, needs support. The beans have a marbled pink color and are delicate in texture (fibers and interlayer are absent). It is universal in application (the unique taste is preserved in any form). Ripening period is 65-85 days.

Bean varieties for Siberia

Curly beans with red flowering Photo Winner

The winner is the curly variety. The fruits are large, the length of the pods is about 30 cm. Thanks to good immunity, resistance to cold weather, cultivation in Siberia is possible. The variety has fiery red flowers, which is why it is often used for decorative purposes.

Asparagus beans Butter king photo

Butter king - asparagus beans, ripening period is 1.5 months. Tubular fruits will please even gourmets. The length of the pods is about 25 cm. The application is universal: freezing, canning, preparation of beans in dry form.