Planting grapes in the suburbs in the fall with an open root system

Despite the fact that grapes are a heat-loving plant, having taken all the necessary measures to create optimal conditions for it, it is quite possible to grow it in the Moscow region, receiving an excellent harvest every year. Read about the peculiarities of growing grapes in Siberia on this page.

The photo shows grapes grown in the Moscow region

Varieties for the Moscow region

Frost-resistant non-covering grape varieties for the Moscow region:

• Alpha grapes. The bushes are vigorous, the berries are dark blue, round in shape.
• Valiant hybrid. Berries are small, black, rounded.
• Kay Gray grapes. The berries are small and amber in color.
• Grapes "Agate Donskoy". The berries are large, dark blue.

Very early grape varieties for the Moscow region:

• Aleshenkin grapes are already ripening by the end of August.
• Very early grape variety "Alexander".
• Agat Donskoy.

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region:

1. Isabella grapes are characterized by a ripening period of 120 - 130 days. Vigorous shrub, large dark blue berries with a waxy bloom. The bunch weighs 140 grams.
2. The Denisovskiy wine grape variety is characterized by an early ripening period. Bushes are vigorous. Berries are medium in size, black.
3. Grapes "Rusven" are characterized by a ripening period of 110 - 115 days. The shrub is medium to vigorous (depending on growing conditions). The berries are large, rounded, matte pink in color.

Grape variety "Rusven" is shown in the photo

It is also worth noting such grape varieties as "Tasok", "Christina", "Radiant Kishmish".

Landing

Grapes in the Moscow region are planted with seedlings in pre-prepared pits with a depth of 30-40 cm. The seedlings are planted at a depth of 25 cm (the roots must be carefully straightened and made sure that they do not break). When planting, the plant should be placed with a slight slope to the north. Then the seedling is sprinkled with earth and everything is thoroughly spilled with water. A guide on how to choose a dog enclosure is here:.

The photo shows the planting material (sprouted cuttings)

Planting grapes with a closed root system in open ground should be in the summer, that is, in May - June. Grapes with an open root system should be planted either in the fall (not earlier than October) or in the spring (in April, early May). It is recommended to plant grapes along the wall of the house, but not closer than 0.8 m.

In the case when it becomes necessary to transplant grapes in the Moscow region, this procedure should be carried out either in late autumn or early spring.

The photo shows the process of planting grapes

You can learn more about the process of planting grapes in the Moscow region by watching the following video:

Growing

The process of growing grapes in the open ground in the Moscow region implies sheltering the vine for the winter, with the exception of frost-resistant varieties. But in any case, it is necessary to take care of the protection of the root system in the winter. To this end, many summer residents - gardeners practice deep planting of seedlings in a trench (this method of planting grapes greatly facilitates the process of covering the vine, it is enough to lay the plant and fix it at the bottom of the trench with special brackets, and close the trench from above with wooden shields, on top of which roofing material or film is laid) ... Read how to breed and keep quail at home.

To grow grapes in the Moscow region and get an annual harvest from it, you should adhere to a number of rules:

• Purchase early maturing and winter-hardy varieties.
• Planting should be placed near various structures and fences, which will be a kind of protection for young seedlings from the winds.
• During development, the vine should be regularly fed with phosphorus potash fertilizers.
• In the autumn, the grapes are subject to mandatory pruning.
• For the winter, grapes are covered with materials at hand.

The formation of a grape bush is carried out in two stages:

• The first stage is carried out in the fall (preliminary pruning). In the fall, the entire ripe vine is left.
• The second stage is carried out in the spring (final pruning and fixing the vine on the trellis). Spring pruning leaves only five buds.

Keep in mind that the vine is cut three centimeters above the bud.

The figure shows the process of forming a bush

Top dressing of grapes in the fall in the Moscow region:

• Mineral dressing. The basis of such feeding is nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus in a ratio of 3: 2: 1.
• Organic fertilizers (compost or rotted manure) - once every three years.

In the Moscow region, the cultivation of grapes is practiced not only in the open field, but also in greenhouse conditions. For greenhouses, you should select a bisexual flower variety characterized by an early ripening period.

The grapes grown in the greenhouse are shown in the picture.

How to care?

Autumn pruning of grapes in the Moscow region is carried out two weeks after all the leaves on the plant fall off. In the fall, only old, diseased and deformed shoots are removed.

The photo shows the process of pruning grapes

August is the ripening time for the earliest grape varieties. In August, pinching and gartering of young shoots also continues. At the beginning of the month, the upper part of the growing shoots should be cut off, by about 30 cm, due to this, nutrients will be supplied to a greater extent for the ripening of the berries. This process is called chasing.

The picture shows the process of minting grape bushes

Preparing for winter

Grapes in the Moscow region are covered after pruning until the first frost. When laying the vine, it is recommended to equip special supplies under it, preventing its contact with the ground. From above, the vine can be covered with sawdust, dry leaves or spruce branches. They can also additionally be installed over the vine arches and stretch the covering material. Some gardeners prefer to equip wooden boxes in which the vines fit and close them on top with wooden shields.

The photo shows the process of preparing a vine for wintering

Vine bushes, sheltered for the winter, are shown in the photo

Look at the video of the shelter of grapes for the winter in the Moscow region:

When to collect?

The ripening time of grapes depends on the cultivated variety, but since the recommended varieties for the Moscow region are early-maturing varieties, the grape harvest in the Moscow region is carried out in August - September. Read about outdoor cultivation of pumpkins to consider.

Diseases and their treatment

Diseases characteristic of grapes grown in the Moscow region:

• Mildew disease affects both shoots and berries. The first signs are yellow spots on green leaves, then a light bloom appears on the inflorescences and leaves of the plant and they begin to rot.
• Oidium disease manifests itself as a dark gray plaque on the leaves. Inflorescences and berries are also affected.

The picture shows a bunch of grapes infected with powdery mildew

These diseases should be fought with the help of such special means as "Vectra", "Quadris", etc. Spraying of plants should be carried out according to the instructions - before flowering, after flowering, when the berries are ripe.

The cost of grape seedlings for the Moscow region

Grape seedlings for the Moscow region, 3 years old, can be purchased for 1,750 rubles. for one plant; a 5-year-old grape seedling will cost 7,500 rubles. for one plant.

Get acquainted with the idea of ​​how to make flower beds from improvised means

can be here

Growing grapes, of course, has its own characteristics, and you need to make a lot of effort to get an excellent harvest. But in fact, growing grapes in the Moscow region is not much more troublesome than growing grapes in regions with a warm climate, the main thing is to initially select suitable frost-resistant varieties.

Oct 22, 2015Tatiana Sumo

25.02.2016

Grape seedlings are planted in different ways. Precisely, they prepare the seat in different ways. For planting seedlings, someone is digging cubic holes. Others bury the heel of the seedling 50-60 cm into the ground. I will tell you how I plant grape seedlings in the suburbs. I also dug cube holes before. But this process is very time consuming and physically difficult. I also tried planting under a mota drill this spring, all the seedlings took root. But this method is suitable for green (vegetative) seedlings. With a closed root system, grown in containers with soil. I think it's not worth planting ordinary grape seedlings under a drill. Since there is no way to spread the roots, they will all be intertwined. That will slow down their survival and growth.

How to plant grapes in the suburbs.

Before you start planting grape seedlings, you need to choose a good place for them. In the Moscow region, the weather is not as warm as in the south. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a place where additional heat will flow to the grape bush. And this is a wall on the south side of houses, sheds and other buildings. Along metal fences. With a wall, fences are a kind of heat accumulators, heating up in the sun during the day. They give this warmth to the ground and vines at night. The place should be well ventilated and sunlit. It is desirable that other garden trees do not grow nearby. The groundwater was at least 1 meter deep. Do not plant in places where rainwater stands for a long time.

Now about the preparation of the planting site for planting a seedling. I began to plant in this way. I dig in the ground, in a square of 1.5 m by 1.5 meters. To the depth on a bayonet, one and a half shovels. Then I pour humus, compost 4-5 buckets. Sand 3-4 buckets. I add a shovel of ash. I level and dig all this. I dig a hole in the center, of any shape. A depth of 40 cm and a width of 30-30 cm. I pour humus, compost, a handful of ash there. And I mix everything with the earth. It is necessary that the depth of the hole is 30 cm. Pour 1-2 buckets of water. In the middle of the hole we make a mound of earth. The entire seat is ready. It is advisable to prepare the seat in advance so that the ground in the hole warms up better.

Now we are preparing grape seedlings for planting. We take a seedling, cut the roots. The length of the roots should be 15-18 cm. We put it in a bucket of water, and leave it for a day. The seedling will absorb water. It is advisable not to water green (vegetative) seedlings before planting. To make it easier to get out of the container and a clod of earth with roots did not crumble.

One-year-old grape seedlings

Green (vegetative) grape seedlings

Now we start planting seedlings.We take a seedling, put it on a mound with soil, straighten the roots, direct them in different directions and down. The upper bud on the seedling should be 5-8 cm below ground level. If the seedling is long and protrudes from the hole, you can plant it at an angle.

Planting a seedling to a depth of 25-30 centimeters Now we cover the roots of the seedling with earth, raking it around the seedling. When the seedling was completely covered, leaving one bud at the top. Around the seedling, there is a saucer-shaped depression in the ground, round, and pour it with water. On top you can put on a 5 liter bottle with a cut off bottom, just do not forget to remove the cap. This will give additional warming up of the earth, better rooting and quickest awakening of the buds. We plant 5-8 cm below ground level. So that when in the fall you fill this groove around the seedling. The sleeves you formed come out directly from the ground. For better warming of the earth in the root zone, you can cover the ground under the seedlings with a black film. The earth will warm up more, the drying out of the earth decreases. Weeds do not grow.

Covering the ground around the seedling with a black film. Another way of additional heating of the earth is to lay stones around the seedling. The stones heat up and give off heat to the ground and the seedling. You can also put bottles of water, it also helps. Green (vegetative) seedlings, I plant at the same depth. We take a container with a seedling. If this is a pot, then carefully take it out and lower it into the prepared hole. Further, as in the first case. If the seedling is planted in a bottle. Then we cut off the bottom of the bottle, put it in the hole. Sprinkle lightly with earth and, shaking, take out the rest of the bottle. Further, as in the first case. Another important point when planting green seedlings. Since we are planting seedlings with green leaves, the leaves may be burned by the sun. Whatever happens. After planting, it is necessary to shade the seedlings. You can use fruit boxes, they are all in holes and limit the penetration of sunlight. Even sticking around branches with leaves from trees, this also gives a shadow.

Well, the grape seedling started growing.

When a grape seedling grows 20 cm, it becomes necessary to tie it up so that the wind does not break the shoot. Here I will tell you one more trick. Stick a stick, a rail, whatever you will tie to, at an angle of about 45 degrees to the ground. This will teach the vine to grow obliquely to the ground. What does it do? In the fall, when you level the ground around the seedling. The vine will grow out of the ground at a slope, making it easier for you to lay the vine for the winter. If the vine grows straight, it is difficult to lay it down for the winter.

So I did not tell you a lot about planting grape seedlings in the Moscow region. If you have any questions on this topic, write, ask. Planting grapes is a very exciting activity. And in the Moscow region you can grow good, early varieties. Which will delight you and your family with a good harvest.
Buy grape seedlings in Pavlovsky Posad. And also buy grape seedlings by mail with delivery throughout Russia. You can in our online store of grape seedlings.

Everything that is written above is my personal opinion and does not pretend in any way to the ultimate truth. Best regards, Igor Evgenievich.

Grapes can be used as a decorative composition to decorate a cozy gazebo. In addition, the bush is grown in order to obtain an appetizing and aromatic berry. If you have a desire to plant this crop in your personal plot, you need to know all the important points of planting grapes in the autumn.

When to plant grapes in autumn, in what month

It is possible to plant grape seedlings in the ground during the entire warm period, starting in early spring. It is generally considered best to root in the spring. This is due to the presence of a long period for the ability to prepare the plant well for the winter cold.

But unlike spring planting procedures, it is better to plant those grape seedlings that already have a root system in the fall. It is recommended to do the procedure from the first days of October. It is at this moment that the most favorable weather conditions come for planting rooted grape cuttings.

Video: when is it better to plant grapes - in spring or autumn

Important! If you start planting grape seedlings early enough, you will have to water them periodically. And also monitor their condition so that they are not exposed to the invasion of parasites or various diseases.

You should not delay planting grapes and get to work during the period of falling temperatures, when it comes to the first frost. The plant will not have time to completely take root, which threatens freezing of the root system and the death of the entire bush.

Thus, the best time to plant grapes in the fall is considered air temperature up to +15 С, but not lower than +5 С. With a rapid decrease in degrees, it is not worth planting. If you carry out the procedure, then immediately insulate both the root system and the ground part.

Advantages and disadvantages of planting grapes in the fall

If the grapes are planted correctly in the autumn, it will be able to give the first harvest in 3 years. Therefore, it is believed that autumn is the best time for such events.

The following advantages of planting grapes in the fall are distinguished:

1. In autumn, seedlings are specially prepared for sale.... The market abounds with a huge selection of quality and healthy cuttings. In the spring, those seedlings that were not sold out in the fall can also be sold. Therefore, the risk of purchasing low-quality planting material increases.
2. In autumn, the soil is most prepared for planting.... It contains the nutrients accumulated over the summer necessary for a successful wintering. In addition, the soil is significantly moistened and does not require additional irrigation.
3. Planted cuttings in the autumn months have time to take root and adapt to new living conditions... This will allow the plant to grow immediately during the first spring sunny days, bypassing the adaptation period.

In addition to the advantages of planting grapes in the fall, it should be noted that there are significant disadvantages of this procedure:

• The first high-quality harvest as a result of planting in the fall, it will be possible to get only after 3 years... While in the spring the planted seedlings give the first bunches the next summer. But it is worth noting that such clusters may not fully ripen.
• The most dangerous thing in autumn work is sharp appearance of the first frost... Such a decrease in temperature can negatively affect young plantings, which will nullify all efforts.
• Not all cuttings that have migrated to permanent residence survive by the spring. Especially cold winters freeze young roots and their terrestrial growth buds.

Note! Before starting planting work, it is recommended to weigh all the pros and cons of the planting season in the autumn. Measure the temperature regime that is optimal for rooting, so that the plant will successfully take root. The main thing is to purchase a high-quality seedling that can survive even in the cold winter.

How to plant grapes in autumn - features and step-by-step instructions

Before starting planting work, you need to carefully select a high-quality specimen. The stalk should be taken one year old with a well-developed root system - from 3 to 5-6 young roots. Green shoots should be placed on the trunk, stretching 15-20 cm.

Worth knowing! Ideal for planting is considered to be a seedling length of 40-55 cm, the thickness of the intended planting material is not less than 8 mm. The stalk must contain healthy growth buds, stem and heel roots. The latter should be at least 15 cm long.

If you cut off a small piece of the trunk from the cutting, it should be green in the cut area. This indicates a healthy state of the shoot.

How to prepare a seedling for planting

Before planting, you should check whether there is any mechanical damage, growths or mold on the seedling. If there are any, the stalk is not suitable for planting.

When 2 days remain until the estimated landing date, a number of activities are required:

1. The seedling is placed in boiled cold liquid to soak for 12-24 hours.
2. Some farmers add root stimulants. But most gardeners are inclined to believe that this method of exposure is not needed, because the procedure negatively affects the growth of green shoots.
3. After the stalk is examined for damage to the roots.
4. The roots located at the top of the cutting must be removed.
5. The lower roots, branching at the main node, are slightly trimmed - by 2 cm.
6. Green shoots should also be pruned. Only 3-4 eyes are left on it from the base of the shoot.
7. Spraying with chemical fungicides against diseases and pests is carried out.

Video: how to prepare a grape seedling for planting

How to choose a seat for landing

Before you start planting grapes, you should decide on a planting site. You should not place the seedling on the north side, the plant does not like strong winds or penetrating drafts. It also does not need to be rooted in lowlands or swampy soil. The best for grapes is the south side, fenced off by a wall.

In addition, do not plant seedlings in a shaded area. For the vine, the grape requires an abundance of sunlight. Also, close proximity to fruit crops is not recommended. The grapes can crush them.

Important! The soil for grapes needs fertile, loose soil so that nutrient fluid and oxygen pass through well. If one is not available, it does not matter. In this case, you need to carefully prepare the landing pit.

Pit preparation for landing

The hole for the seedling deepening is dug to a depth of 80 cm, and to the same width. The shape of the pit does not really matter. All holes are tamped in the same way.

The bottom of the recess - a tube with a diameter of 1 cm is installed on the edge. It is necessary for watering at the root. A small drainage layer is laid out on the bottom. It can be done with pebbles, expanded clay or broken brick.

1 layer - a batch of humus (up to 10 buckets) and garden soil (fertile soil substrate). The height should not exceed 10-15 cm.

Layer 2 - a mixture of fertile soil with mineral fertilizers (300 grams of superphosphate and potassium salt, 3 liters of wood ash). Layer height - 10 cm.

3rd layer - 5-10 cm of fertile substrate is compacted.

It takes about 30-35 cm out of an 80 cm deepening lined with layers. Such preparation should be performed 1-1.5 months before the planned planting time. This is required in order for all the components to saturate the earth and not burn the young roots of the seedling.

Direct planting of a seedling into the ground

Planting grapes is carried out according to the following step-by-step instructions:

1. A small mound is poured at the bottom.
2. A seedling is installed on it, while all the roots are neatly straightened, evenly distributing them throughout the territory.
3. Soil is poured onto the roots from above, without any fertilizers, 10-15 cm high.
4. Well soaked in water - 2-3 buckets under the bush.

Attention! The seedling is covered with a plastic eggplant on top. You can cut off the bottom of the bottle and push it into the ground so that the neck is on top. This is necessary so that you can open the lid and air or water the sprout.

Thus, planting does not require much effort, the main thing is to know all the nuances of planting and choose a high-quality seedling. Before winter, the sprouts must be insulated.Otherwise, all efforts to grow will come to naught.

Video: planting grapes in autumn with seedlings

Care after planting grapes

After planting, you need careful care and watering of a young grape seedling. In addition, a number of mandatory activities are additionally required. The following requirements for caring for the vine should be adhered to:

1. Watering - it is imperative to shed the plant once every 7 days. If a drainage pipe has not been laid for internal watering to the roots, then a slight depression should be dug near the trunk. This is necessary so that during irrigation the water does not spread, but falls strictly according to the intended purpose.
2. Loosening - in the first year after planting, you need to carefully carry out the procedure so as not to damage the roots. In subsequent years, you can safely dig 10-15 cm deep. Required for better oxygen and water penetration to the roots.
3. Fertilizer - carried out in late August - early September. Phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are introduced. Nitrogen is strictly prohibited.
4. Shrub treatment against pests and diseases - irrigation with chemical insecticides is carried out so that the emerging parasites or diseases of a different nature do not destroy the planting of new varieties.

In an older age, grapes are pruned. It is recommended to perform it in the autumn months. For this purpose, sanitary and formative pruning is carried out. It is also recommended to cover the grapes for the winter.

Note! The most important component in caring for grapes after planting in the fall is its proper shelter for the winter.

You can watch the following video and read in detail about caring for grapes in the fall and preparing it for winter in this article.

Landing features in different regions of Russia

Grapes are a fairly common culture. If it is planted correctly, and carefully wrapped before frost, it can live in any climatic zone. The main rule for choosing grapes for the region is the right variety for full ripening.

In outskirts of Moscow

The planting of grapes is widespread in the Moscow region. For the successful ripening of juicy and aromatic berries, early ripening varieties are chosen for this region. Their ripening process ends 100-120 days after waking up. The most popular varieties in the Moscow region are Harold, Kodryanka, Arcadia, Elegant, Michurinsky, Victoria.

In addition to early ripening, these varieties are distinguished by high frost resistance up to -30-35 C. In spring, prepared cuttings are planted in this climatic zone when the soil warms up to +10 C. In autumn, the optimal time for planting is mid-October.

In the Volga region

The Volga region is a zone of risky farming. But even in such a zone, grapes are actively grown in large quantities and an extensive list of different types.

Important! The main danger of growing grapes in the Volga region is severe frosts. If the vine does not have time to ripen, it often freezes over. Therefore, experienced gardeners carefully cover all their plantings, while capturing the near-trunk circle, where the root system is located.

For the Volga region, varieties of a very early ripening period are recommended - 90-105 days from the beginning of the growing season. The most suitable plant species: Superearly Cicatricial, Zarif, Liepajas Dzintars, Avgustovsky, Rylines Pink Sidlis, Augusta, Golubok.

In the spring, it is recommended to plant seedlings in the Volga region during the May holidays. In autumn, you should have time to root grape seedlings before the cold comes. The optimal time is the end of September - mid-October.

In Siberia and the Urals

For a long time in Siberia and in the Urals, gardeners could not achieve not only the harvest, but also simply for the plant to overwinter. The reason was the use of agricultural technology in the southern regions. When the farmers realized their problem, things got better.

Now, in severe frost, gardeners carefully cover the vine, digging a depression in the ground to a depth of 1 m. In addition, grafts are made for frost resistance. During the last spring frosts, they continue to insulate the dug plant with rags or burlap. A specific pruning is carried out, which allows the plant to be loaded 2 times stronger than similar southern specimens.

By the way! For cultivation in Siberia and the Urals, only super early grape ripening varieties are used: Thumbelina, Zagadka, Buratino, Sibirskaya Cheryomushka, Savraska Bely, Seyanets Sharova.

Video: how to plant grapes in the Urals

Landing is carried out in conditions when the ground warms up to +15 C. This period occurs in the second half of May. It is better not to plant in autumn in Siberia and the Urals seedlings grapes. If you had to carry out the procedure, it is recommended to insulate the seedling with the maximum opportunity.

Video: how to properly plant grapes in Siberia

Thus, different regions require specific grape varieties and some separate planting requirements. Shelter methods also differ.

Possible mistakes when planting grapes in autumn

Experienced gardeners, planting young grape seedlings in the fall, try not to make mistakes. If rooting is done according to all the rules, then the plant will develop rapidly and will be able to please with the first harvest in the next 3 years.

But not all farmers have rich experience, so a number of mistakes are made from time to time:

1. The stalk is diseased, weak or poorly rooted - the plant will be sick for a long period and most often does not survive. You should carefully choose the planting material when buying.
2. Undefined grade, which does not fit the climatic conditions of the territorial region - if such seedlings survive, they cannot fully provide the harvest. It either does not have time to ripen, or deteriorates due to weather conditions.
3. Planting cuttings on the north side - the plant does not like strong winds and drafts. Also, during the wind, the young vine can break, which threatens the penetration of infection or colonization by pests.
4. Planting in a shaded area - the sun is vital for grapes. Otherwise, it will develop poorly and will not give the planned harvest.
5. The landing recess is not the right size - when planting, it will not be possible to properly lay out the layers and deepen the roots of the plant. The result will be disease and lack of yield.
6. Planting a number of same-sex varieties - such plants will not be able to pollinate qualitatively, so all flowers will fall off, and there will be no berry ovary.

Note! Knowing all the possible mistakes when landing, you can avoid them. By correctly planting grapes, it develops faster and better. The vine thickens well and gives rich yields and strong replacement shoots.

Thus, the planting of grapes should be carried out based on certain conditions for choosing a seedling and a planting site. It is imperative to dig a hole of the required size. Otherwise, an inappropriate volume will provoke diseases and poor growth of the shrub.

Video: detailed step-by-step planting of grapes in autumn in 2 parts

Many gardeners want to grow grapes in the country to please themselves, their loved ones and enjoy ripe berries or aromatic wine. The grape is a thermophilic plant and thrives in the southern regions, characterized by an abundance of sunny days and stable positive temperatures. However, not only the happy inhabitants of the southern regions, but also the inhabitants of Moscow dream of wine growing.

WITHToday, planting grapes in the Moscow region is quite common. It became possible to cultivate a crop in an unstable and cold climate thanks to the scientific discoveries of breeders who bred hybrid varieties with a short ripening period of berries. Previously, grapes in the Moscow region were used mainly for decorative purposes, for decorating gazebos, arches, and landscape design. But with the emergence of new early varieties with a growing season and the formation of mature bunches of about 110 days, it became possible to get a full harvest before the onset of the winter period.

You can find out how to plant grapes from our website. We will also consider the features of grapes for the Moscow region, non-covering varieties.

Cultivation factors

If you decide to grow grapes in the suburbs, pay attention to a number of factors that determine the success of your business:

• selection of the optimal landing site;
• competent planting of bushes;
• correct and careful plant care;
• selection of a variety corresponding to the climatic conditions of the area.

Seat selection

A heat-loving plant needs an abundance of sunlight, so it is recommended to plant it in the southern part of your site, protected from open drafts and strong winds. You can choose the southern wall of a house or outbuilding, or a blank fence. Grapes are not whimsical to soils, but they do not like wetlands, so choose a place with low groundwater levels or a hill. If the soil of the site is not very fertile, it can be fertilized in advance with natural compost.

Planting bushes

Scheme

If you are planting grapes near a wall, you need to retreat from the building from 0.5 to 1.5 meters so as not to harm the structure. The bushes are planted at a distance of about two meters from each other, and three meters are left between the rows. This will create comfortable conditions for the development of the plant and will facilitate further care and harvesting of a ripe crop. In case of non-observance of the recommended norms, it is possible that the lighting and airing of the plant are disrupted, which will lead to the development of diseases and the formation of a low-quality crop. The bushes are placed in the direction from south to north, which will provide the best lighting on both sides. Trellis for grapes are installed from the west, at a distance of 25 to 30 cm.

Time

It is recommended to grow grapes in the open ground in the Moscow region in spring, when a stable positive temperature has been established and the likelihood of late frosts has disappeared. The optimal time for planting seedlings with an open root system is June, and with a closed one - early spring or autumn.

Peculiarities

At the beginning, holes are dug with an approximate size of 40 x 40 x 40 cm.A drainage layer of gravel is installed at the bottom, covered with earth, organic fertilizers and a stake is driven into the center, which will serve to support the vine. The soil is allowed to settle for two weeks and then the seedlings are lowered into it at a slight slope to the north. In order to increase the survival rate of seedlings, they are soaked in water or humate solution to form roots. Then everything is covered with soil, watered with water and mulching is carried out.

For more information on how to plant grapes, you can find out from the video on our website.

Care

Despite its unpretentiousness, caring for grapes in the Moscow region should be correct and careful.

Pruning

Different grape varieties are characterized by high fertility, this leads to an abundance of buds that are forming, which must be removed periodically in order to avoid overloading the bush and the formation of small berries. To standardize the yield, the vine is pruned 3 cm above the bud for every 7 to 9 eyes in spring and autumn.

Autumn pruning of grapes is carried out when all the leaves have fallen, while removing old and diseased shoots. In August, the top of the stepchildren is minted and pruned to provide the main shoots with nutrients and to strengthen the plant.

Watering

It is recommended to water the vineyard along the grooves between the bushes to avoid direct moisture ingress on the plant stem, as it does not like sudden changes in moisture levels. It is usually watered during the growing season, while the plant is gaining green mass, and when the berries ripen.

Top dressing

The ripening of the vine requires a large amount of additional nutrients that must be supplied to the plant periodically. Every autumn, mineral fertilizing is carried out with nitrogen, potash and phosphorus fertilizers, and organic fertilizers are used every three years.

Spraying

Depending on the selected grape variety and on its resistance to fungal diseases, it is recommended to periodically spray the bushes to protect against diseases and rot. The most dangerous is mildew, characterized by the formation of light yellow spots on the leaves, passing on to the berries and causing them to rot. Oidium is a dark gray formation that affects inflorescences and berries. It is advisable to spray in compliance with all instructions before, after and during the ripening of berries.

Shelter bushes for the winter

One of the mandatory activities is preparing the plant for wintering. Even if you have chosen frost-resistant grape varieties for your site, you need to know how to cover the grapes in order to protect the fruiting buds from freezing temperatures and not harm the plant during the winter. It is recommended to cover the bushes before the onset of the first frost so that the vine does not come into contact with the ground and does not rot. It is covered with sawdust, leaves, or covering material or wooden shields are installed. After the snow falls, the bushes can be covered with it.

In addition to growing grapes in an open area, it can be grown in greenhouses. To do this, they prefer to use varieties with an early ripening period and bisexual flowers, which facilitate the process of pollination and do not require additional pollinators.

Opening bushes

In the spring, at the end of March, at the beginning of April, after the snow thaws, the bushes are gradually opened after wintering during the day to dry them, and at night they are closed again to protect them from frost. With the onset of constant positive temperatures, the vine is tied to trellises.

Harvesting

The final ripening of the berries occurs in late August, early September. Some grape varieties can remain on the bushes for about a month after reaching full maturity, but it is still recommended to harvest on time so as not to harm the quality of the final product. Many hybrid grape varieties are distinguished by good transportability, satisfactory keeping quality and high commercial qualities. This will allow you to cultivate crops not only for personal purposes, but also on an industrial scale.

Variety selection

It is not difficult to grow grapes in the Moscow region, since planting and caring for a plant is simple and quite accessible to both experienced winegrowers and beginners. However, you need to choose a suitable variety with high frost resistance, capable of withstanding negative temperatures from minus 25 degrees. Grapes in the Moscow region, the cultivation of which is possible thanks to the bred hybrid varieties, will become not only a decoration of your table, but also of the site.

It is worth paying attention to the varieties of raisins, which do not contain seeds and are distinguished by excellent taste and appearance. The Lydia variety is suitable not only for fresh consumption, but also for making table wine. Muscat grapes are also popular and frost-resistant. Alpha variety of American selection of uncovered grapes for the Moscow region is able to withstand negative temperatures up to 40 degrees Celsius. Find out more about grape varieties for the Moscow region.

Grapes planted in early spring will yield a rich harvest by autumn.Hybrid forms are easy to care for due to their stability and high survival rate. After reading the recommendations, you can easily get a high-quality harvest of a healthy product.

Video about caring for grapes in the suburbs