Clematis planting and care in the open field in the suburbs

Clematis is the brightest, unforgettable liana on Russian sites. If the summer resident only has to "tame" clematis, planting and caring for them in the open field is the key to success.

If everything is done correctly, the plants have been developing and blooming in one place for more than 20 years, annually decorating the house and the backyard with hundreds of simple and double flowers of different colors and shapes.

Choosing a place and preparing for planting clematis in open ground

Preparing for planting begins with choosing the right place. Clematis are photophilous, but under the direct rays of the sun, the liana feels depressed, the flowers fade and shrink.

Plants have an extremely negative attitude to the wind, the proximity of groundwater. Although plants need a lot of moisture for active growth, its stagnation threatens with root rot.

Novice growers are mistaken when clematis are planted in the ground near the wall of the house, where the vine regularly falls under the drain or, due to the lack of access to fresh air, is attacked by pests and pathogenic fungi.

It is best to find a place at a distance of at least 70 cm from the wall, and build a strong lattice, arch or trellis for support. Such a distance from the capital structure will simplify the care of clematis after planting in the open field and protect it from streams of rain and melt water. Since the vines should grow strongly, without lack of nutrition and moisture, a gap of at least 1-1.5 meters is left between individual bushes.

If a multi-row planting is planned, the planting trenches are located from north to south. This will ensure that all plants are evenly and safely illuminated throughout the day.

For a single bush, it is better to choose a place with good morning light.

When is clematis planted in the ground?

The time of transfer of clematis to open ground depends on the selected planting material. Seedlings with an open or peat-packed root system cannot wait long. When to plant clematis in open ground in the spring?

They are planted in the spring, in April or in the first decade of May, before the shoots grow. Delay or summer planting threatens that clematis will enter the soil weakened, its acclimatization will last longer, and sometimes the plant dies.

An early purchased clematis seedling is often grown at home, so by the usual planting time it already has young shoots. If you take it out into the garden in April, when the main planting of clematis is in the open ground in the Moscow region, the greens will suffer from frost. Such plants are planted in the second half of May, by which time all natural threats have passed.

Seedlings of clematis with a closed root system tolerate planting without problems during the entire warm period. Shading on hot days will make acclimatization easier and faster.

In autumn, clematis is planted in open ground from August to October. For the time remaining before the onset of cold weather, the plant takes root and adapts to life in the garden. The specific dates of planting depend on the weather and climatic conditions of the region. Late leads to freezing of vines that did not have time to settle down. For the winter, the soil is mulched, and the plants themselves are covered with foliage, spruce branches or dense non-woven material.

Planting clematis in the ground

Choosing the right place for clematis, which grows for a long time without transplanting, is very important. Even more important is the competent organization of the pit for planting clematis in open ground in spring or autumn.

In areas with closely lying groundwater, the danger of flooding, or simply dense heavy soil at the bottom of a trench or pit 60 cm deep, a high drainage is made of expanded clay, crushed red brick, stone chips and sand. Additionally, drainage ditches are equipped, through which excess water can freely leave the flower garden.

Supports for clematis are prepared in advance. In order not to disturb the root system, arches, trellises, mesh or other types of supports are dug in at the same time as planting.

A planting pit for a single clematis is made 60 cm deep and wide. Group planting requires the preparation of a single trench at the rate of one running meter per bush.

A drainage pillow is made at the bottom, and the soil selected from the pit is loosened, cleaned of weeds and mixed in equal parts with humus, peat. It is useful to add fertile garden soil to sandy soil. In the clay, dense soil for clematis, on the contrary, loosening sand is mixed. As a fertilizer, 100 grams of complex mineral fertilizing are applied to each bucket of soil, as well as about a liter of purified wood ash. The increased acidity of the soil is neutralized with dolomite flour, slaked lime or other similar means.

The planting hole is half filled, in the form of an equilateral mound in the middle, with a prepared substrate. A seedling with pre-straightened rhizomes is placed on its top. The root collar, or tillering site, should be below the estimated ground level, and the depth depends on the size and age of the decorative liana.

For seedlings 2-3 years old, it is 6-12 cm, that is, you will have to deepen not only the base of the plant, but also the first pair of leaves or buds. 3-4 year old clematis deepen another 5-10 cm more. Such a measure will help the plant to survive the winter frosts and summer heat, and also stimulates the formation of several strong shoots.

After planting, the soil near clematis is watered, compacted and mulched, and protection from the sun and wind is built over the young plant.

Outdoor clematis care

The first year after planting is the time for acclimatization and active growth. Therefore, the soil under the clematis is loosened and weeded as necessary. Watering should be regular, but not excessive. Strong seedlings form buds already in the first summer, but experienced flower growers advise to cut off future flowers, which risk seriously weakening another small plant. If minerals with organic matter were introduced into the planting pit, the first feeding is carried out only a year later, in the spring.

The growing shoots are carefully attached to the installed support and monitor the state of the greenery. At the beginning of summer, there is a high risk of damage to young shoots by sucking insects.Closer to autumn, with an increase in humidity and the difference between day and night temperatures, the risk of fungal diseases increases. Therefore, the care of clematis in the open field must include preventive and urgent treatments with plant protection products.

If the seedling has given only one strong shoot, it can be pushed towards tillering by pinching the tender top. Subsequently, to activate growth, you can use deep watering and fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers. You can add them;

• as a solution on wet ground;
• dry with obligatory loosening and watering;
• as a foliar top dressing, spraying.

In acidic soil, the root system of clematis develops extremely slowly. Spring watering with lime milk at the rate of 200 grams of lime per bucket of water will help deacidify the soil under plantings.

3-4 years after planting clematis in open ground, a summer resident may face unforeseen difficulties in caring for it. Subject to agricultural technology, the flowers become smaller, and the liana grows noticeably more slowly than before. The most common problem is lack of moisture. Compacted soil does not allow water to reach the roots, and loosening at such a depth is impossible. In this case, the system of intra-soil irrigation will help, which allows saturating the deep layers of the soil, and then preventing them from drying out. At a distance of 30–40 cm from clematis, several plastic bottles are poured in with an open neck down. During watering, they are filled with water, which gradually flows to the very roots of the flowering liana.

Perennial clematis also need regular pruning, which helps plants get rid of damaged, old, dried out shoots. And the summer resident, who has mastered the features of cutting different types of clematis, will receive the most lush and early flowering of his wards.

Video about planting clematis

Clematis (clematis) is the most common ornamental vine in our gardens. This plant belongs to the buttercup family and its closest relatives: delphinium, aconite (or lady's shoe), swimsuit and marigold.

Description

Earlier, clematis was considered a greenhouse plant - in Russian fiction it was referred to exclusively as clematis. Everyone, having first seen these huge colored stars in a park, at a flower exhibition or a nearby summer cottage, was fascinated by them. It doesn’t matter monochrome it’s a bouquet or an interweaving of various varieties of vines with contrasting flowers - this is a fascinating sight. Clematis will rightfully be able to perform a solo part in your garden.

Most clematis are perennial vines, moreover, leaf-climbing: they attach to the supports with leaf stalks, but shrubs and dwarf shrubs are also found. There are about 300 species in total.

Clematis are divided into small-flowered and large-flowered. Small-flowered species are less popular, but are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and better winter hardiness. Among them, such types are known as:

• Tunguska,
• Alpine,
• Chinese,
• Virginia.

There are a lot of large-flowered types of clematis:

• Zhakmana (abundant flowering from June to September, color: mainly purple-lilac, white, pink, cherry);
• Viticella (purple, 3v);
• Langunose (last year's shoots bloom in early summer and buds re-bloom in August - September already on young shoots);
• Texas (Taxensis) (blossoms and blooms in the period June - September).

The most important information when choosing a clematis variety: which pruning group it belongs to and how winter-hardy it is.

There are 3 trim groups:

1. Liana is not cut off, because blooms on the shoots of last year. There are practically no flowers on new shoots. With the freezing of the aboveground part of the flowering in the current summer, it is no longer necessary to wait. The cultivation of clematis of this group is within the power of experienced florists, because requires careful shelter for the winter. The unpretentious "princes" belong to the same group of pruning.Their flowers are medium-sized, significantly inferior in appearance to varietal large-flowered clematis, but the plants are more winter-hardy.
2. Requires 1/2 or 1/3 trimming. Representatives of this group bloom both on the shoots of the past and on the shoots of the current year. Moreover, on the shoots of the current year, the flowers are usually simple, on the shoots of the previous year, they are double (if this is inherent in this variety).
3. Liana is cut off almost completely, leaving only "tails" of 10-20 cm. Flowering occurs on the shoots of the current year, and clematis belonging to this group grow very quickly: 10-15 cm per day. It is worth taking care of reliable and high supports in advance: trellises, arches, obelisks, nets, etc. the weight of this vine, the dilapidated support may not withstand and your charming blooming cloud will be on the ground.

Pick-up location

This plant prefers sunny, sheltered places from the wind. The soil should be loamy or clayey, but clematis does not tolerate stagnant water, therefore drainage and a high place are required. It is also important to make sure that the water flowing from the roof does not fall on the plant, otherwise it will die. From a solid fence, wall, foundation, it is necessary to retreat at least 50-60 cm so that the roots of the plants do not overheat and do not block.

The soil at the planting site should be loose, well-cultivated with a neutral reaction.

Be sure to provide support for the vines. Clematis can only climb independently on a net or thin rungs. For the second group of trimming, it is better not to use the net, since when sheltering for the winter, the lashes will be difficult to untangle and remove from the supports.

The choice of planting material

Before going to the store or nursery, you need to decide on the pruning group - it depends on how to cover the vine for the winter. If clematis does not yet grow on your site, then it is better to start with purchasing a plant of the third group, because there will be less worries with it.

It is advisable to buy clematis in specialized stores or nurseries. Most often, these vines are sold with a closed root system in small pots. Check carefully that the seedling is healthy and free of pests. Long flexible whips are already attached to small supports. In order for the vine to not grow too quickly before planting in the ground, pinch the top or remove it from the support and lay it in a ring on the surface of the earth in a pot.

Please note that young shoots are very fragile and must be handled with care.

If you buy a plant with an open root system and it has not yet started to grow, then you can store it in the refrigerator, in the compartment for fruits and vegetables in a perforated bag. Once the buds are awake, the seedling must be planted in a seedling pot (a cut plastic bottle with holes for water drainage) so that the container can be easily cut when planting in the ground. Young clematis is placed in a cool, bright place before planting on the site. The plant is planted in the ground no earlier than in the second half of May.

Growing methods in the Moscow region

Clematis reproduce:

• cuttings,
• dividing the bush,
• layering.

They begin to cuttings before flowering. From the middle part of the lash of a 3-4 year old plant, a 4-7 cm long stalk with one knot is cut off and placed in a heteroauxin solution to accelerate root formation (50 g per 1 liter) for less than 2-3 days. Then the cuttings are planted on a seedling bed, deepening to the bud, in a mixture of fertile soil, sand and peat and watered with diluted heteroauxin. Carefully monitor soil moisture. Rooted cuttings for the winter are covered with spruce branches, and on top with a small box. The next year, in May or August, they are planted in a permanent place.

The bushes are divided at the age of 4-6 years in early spring, until the shoots have started to grow. Cut in turn so that each bush has 2-4 buds and a well-developed root system. Updated clematis bushes can bloom in the same year.But some varieties are quite capricious and take some time to restore flowering.

For reproduction by layering at the beginning of summer, a shallow groove of 5-6 cm is made for the length of the shoot and a lash is placed in it from the main plant, covered with fertile soil on top, while the leaves should be above the ground.

Make sure that the soil is constantly wet. Layers are fed with complex fertilizer 3-4 times per season. Roots should have formed at each node by September. However, it will be possible to divide and transplant young plants not earlier than in a year.

Landing

Clematis are planted mainly in spring, when the plant has just started to grow. When dividing bushes or planting plants in containers with a closed root system, it is possible to plant these vines in August-September.

A sufficiently large landing pit is prepared both in width and depth (40-55x40-55x55-70 (depth) cm), because the roots grow quite actively, especially in Zhakman's clematis.

Before planting, it is recommended to soak the roots of the seedling in a solution of rootite (10g - per bucket of water), heteroauxin or epin for 2-4 hours.

For planting clematis, prepare 1.5-2 buckets of humus, 0.5-1 buckets of sand, 1.5-2 cups of wood ash, 3 tbsp. superphosphate, add garden soil. At the bottom of the pit, large expanded clay or broken brick is poured with a layer of 10-15 cm to ensure good drainage.

Fertile soil is poured onto the drainage with a mound and the roots are spread over it, then they are gradually covered with earth. The root collar should be deepened by at least 8-10 cm, i.e. the plant is planted a little deeper than it grew before. This is necessary for new roots and young shoots to grow from buried buds. Young clematis should be placed in a small hole, but as the ligne of the lash in its lower part becomes lignified, the hole is sprinkled with earth in 2-3 stages during the summer. Thus, by the fall, there should be no deepening.

If planted deeper, the plant may die.

After planting, clematis is watered so as not to damage the root collar, i.e. the water jet must not hit the stems.

It is better to install a support (pergola, arch, etc.) before or during planting in order to avoid damage to the root system.

In case of recurrent frosts, the plant must be covered with a non-woven material.

When planting several copies at once, the distance between them should be at least 1 meter.

Care

Clematis loves loose, well-cultivated and moderately moist soil, so timely weeding, loosening, and watering is required. Lianas also need to substitute supports in time and attach lashes to them with soft garters so that the shoots do not intertwine and they have enough sunlight.

If the plant has no support, then growth will be inhibited.

It is advisable to remove faded flowers so that no energy is wasted on ripening the seeds.

If the summer is hot, then mulching should be carried out around the stems of the creepers: with sawdust, cut grass, so that the soil does not overheat. You can plant low annuals around clematis: calendula, nasturtium or marigolds.

Watering

Clematis must be watered abundantly at least once a week, 2-4 buckets of warm, settled water for each adult plant. In this case, the soil should be moistened to a depth of 60-70 cm for tall vines. In dry hot weather, more moisture is required.

To ensure better watering, you can use plastic tubes covered with expanded clay or replace them with plastic bottles cut from both sides, covered with crushed stone or expanded clay. Drain the drainage tubes around the clematis, stepping back 20-30 cm and watering through them, filling these containers.

Top dressing

In the first year of planting, top dressing can be excluded, provided that the soil is sufficiently fertile. From the second year of growth, the plant must be fed at least 4-5 times per season. Clematis, like roses, love feeding with mullein solution.

In the spring (May), during the growth period, it is required to feed with urea and mullein: per bucket of water (10 liters) - 1 liter of mullein infusion and 1 tbsp. l. urea.

Clematis of the third pruning group can be fed with mullein infusion at the end of May: 1 liter of fertilizer per bucket of water (10 l).

Before flowering (June) - for 10 liters of water - 10 g of Agricola fertilizer for flowering plants and 1 tbsp. potassium sulfate.

Before flowering - foliar podkomka on the leaves with the preparation Bud.

After mass flowering, they are fed with a full complex mineral fertilizer (Kemira, Agricola, Fertika-summer), a solution of organic fertilizers.

In August - phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (Fertika-autumn, autumn fertilization - 1 tbsp. L. Under the bush), excluding nitrogen.

Shelter for the winter

In clematis of the third group, trimming the whip does not need to be preserved, therefore only "tails" of 10-20 cm are left. Fill the vine at the base with a bucket of dry humus to form a mound. If the plant is healthy, then the tangle of lashes can be left as an additional shelter, as well as for better snow retention.

Clematis, in which the lashes should be kept (II and I groups), are removed from the supports at the end of September - October (depending on the weather forecast), humus is also added, spruce branches or boards are laid around the bush, the whips are laid in a ring or laid out along the length. Above - spruce branches or leaves of maple, oak, then you can use an old wooden box so that the whips do not break, which is covered with a piece of roofing material, slate or film (which is at hand) on top to avoid excess moisture, especially during long thaws. In such a shelter, it is necessary to put poison from rodents, which can choose this "apartment" for wintering.

Plants should be covered only in dry weather before the onset of cold weather.

In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the plant is bored, only this must be done in several stages so that the spring frosts do not damage the vine.

In the event that the aboveground part nevertheless froze over the winter, then there is nothing wrong with clematis of the II pruning group, it will bloom a little later.

Diseases

• Wilt (vegetative wilting) - removal and burning of shoots, treatment with a 10% solution of copper sulfate in spring and autumn (100 g per 10 l);
• powdery mildew - Skor (2ml - 10l), Pure flowers (2ml - 5l water);
• rust - collection and burning of infectious shoots and treatment of plants (Fitosporin, Skor (2ml - 10l), Hom (40g - 10l), Topaz (4ml - 10l), 1% solution of copper or ferrous sulfate (10g - 1l of water), Bordeaux liquid (30g - 1L of water).

Note! Drying of the lash due to damage is sometimes taken for wilt: when clematis is tied to a support, weeding or after a strong wind.

Pests

• Slugs - Thunder (granules), Metaldegite (granules);
• mice (during wintering) - Storm (tablet).

Popular varieties for the Moscow region

Clematis III (third) pruning group - flowering on the shoots of the current year, in the fall, the lashes are pruned to the ground:

• Danuta, Pink Fantasy, Krakowiak, Bieszczady (pink);
• Vistula, Arabella, Justa, Moning Sky (lilac);
• Paul Fargez, Khaldin (white);
• Blue Angel, Rhapsody, Mazury, (blue);
• Madame Julia Correvon, Sirena, Ernest Markham, Mazovshe, (cherry);
• Night Vale, Ashva, Stasik, Grunwald, Purpurea Plena Elegance (violet-purple).

Clematis II (second) pruning group - flowering on last year's and current year's shoots:

• Maria Skladovskaya Curie, Ivan Olsson, Queen Jadwiga, Beauty Bride (white);
• Mrs. Chonmondely, Blue Explosion, Blue Light (blue);
• Nelly Moser, Ruran, Innocent Blush, Innocent Glass, Little Mermaid, (pink);
• Teshio, Belle Of Woking, Veronica Choyce (lilac);
• Guernsey Cream (cream);
• Hania, Sunset, Kaiser (crimson);
• Romance, Copernicus, Daniel Deronda (purple).

Princes, I (first) pruning group - small-flowered clematis, some varieties of which do not require shelter for the winter:

• Alpine prince (lilac);
• Albina Plena (cream);
• Lagoon (blue);
• Jenny (pink).

Clematis, or clematis, are beautiful curly large flowers valued by gardeners for their appearance. Clematis - varieties for the Moscow region, the description and photos of which will be given in the article, require special care. The flower got its name because of the peculiarities of the stem: klema means "vine" in Latin.

The stem of clematis is very flexible sturdy and thin - this is a distinctive feature of the plant. Due to its structure, the stem can reach a length of 8 meters. Clematis leaves are flexible (in some species they overwinter, in others they die off for the winter), have a rich green color. In shape, the leaves of clematis are pointed, with edges in the form of cloves. The leaves are attached to the stem oppositely.

The appearance of the leaf plate also depends on the type: in some varieties it is solid, and in some it is divided into three wide blades.

In nature, clematis are found only in temperate and tropical climates. For the first time, they began to grow and cultivate clematis in the UK, but the flower's popularity began to increase only in the 19th century, when the active breeding of new varieties began.

This plant is also cultivated in Russia, but some varieties are suitable only for cultivation in the southern regions and only in a greenhouse. These species include, in particular, Lawson's large-flowered clematis. It is a hybrid cultivar resulting from the crossing of spreading and woolly clematis. Differs in characteristic color of flowers: light blue with a lilac tint and red stripes.

As an ornamental plant, Zhakman's clematis is most valued, characterized by large blue flowers with a purple or violet tint. This species was bred by crossing purple, woolly clematis and Henderson's clematis.

Violet clematis with blue, pink or purple flowers works well for open ground. The opened flowers can be up to 20 cm in diameter.

As already mentioned, clematis grows best in the southern regions, as it is a thermophilic plant. Some species are frost-resistant, and their large, bright flowers fill the garden with wondrous aromas of jasmine, primrose and almond.

Description of varieties of clematis for the Moscow region

In the Moscow region, the weather conditions bear little resemblance to the warm climate of the southern regions. But this cannot be a serious problem for those who decided to plant these beautiful flowers on their site. In order for the plants to survive the winter safely and delight with their flowering all summer, you need to read the description of clematis varieties for the Moscow region before buying and make sure that they can be grown in northern latitudes.

In total, today there are more than 400 varieties. Among them, the following varieties of clematis for the Moscow region are considered the most suitable:

• General Sikorski is a variety of clematis, distinguished by flowers of a delicate lilac color, while, depending on the lighting, their colors change. The flowers are large enough to grow on new shoots. This variety is very resistant to temperature extremes, pests and diseases (including fungi). Withstands moderate cold quite easily, but does not like drafts. It feels best in partial shade, against the wall of a house or in the western part of the garden.
• Gypsy Queen is one of the varieties of Jacqueman's clematis. It grows up to 5 m in length. The plant is very lush, spreading, with many purple-red flowers. The flowering period of Clematis Gypsy Queen is long - they delight with a flowering view from early spring to late autumn. This is one of the most suitable varieties of clematis for the Moscow region. The plant is unpretentious, tolerates significant temperature changes.
• Niobe is distinguished by bright purple flowers that are almost black at first. The flowers are large, up to 15 cm in diameter, appear in early summer on last year's branches after pruning, in autumn the flowers bloom on new shoots.Niobe is one of the most famous varieties, but it is very capricious: for successful flowering, you need to constantly fertilize, loosen and mulch the soil.
• The "Nadezhda" variety is distinguished by its exceptional endurance and unpretentiousness. Clematis varieties Nadezhda for the Moscow region are the best fit. But these flowers still require careful maintenance. The best place for them is on the windless side, near the wall of the house. The height of these plants can reach 3 m, which makes it possible to form a beautiful gazebo out of them.
  NS
• legia - blooms profusely from early spring to the first cold weather. With constant care, regular fertilization and arrangement of a drainage system on the site, clematis will delight with abundant flowering.

It is not the first year that breeders have been breeding varieties that are resistant to our unfavorable weather conditions.

Where is it better to plant clematis

Clematis blooming in the first wave (in May-June) are best suited for planting. Flowers of such plants appear on the branches that appeared after wintering. For the Moscow region varieties of clematis, you can choose any that are suitable in terms of characteristics, but these usually do not include plants with double flowers. Such clematis have an unpleasant property of being reborn: they will either fade only once, in the first wave of flowering, or they will lose the original appearance of the petals.

Despite the fact that plants can tolerate cold weather with proper insulation, it is recommended to plant them in the spring, when the cold weather has already receded, or at the end of summer, when the first frost is still far away. Can be transplanted in summer, when the stems are already lignified.

A characteristic feature of these plants is that they are demanding on the planting site (even varieties of clematis specially bred for the Moscow region). The place must be chosen so that it is protected from strong winds and drafts. Clematis are also very demanding on illumination - they like shaded areas more. Therefore, the place for them must be chosen such that direct sunlight does not fall (because of them, the color of flowers may fade), but it was warm. Cool, dark and damp areas are categorically unsuitable.

Clematis can grow in one area for more than a decade, they can hardly tolerate replanting. Therefore, immediately you need to pay attention to the quality of the soil. The appearance of the plant largely depends on it.

Loose and sufficiently fertile soils, with weak acidity, or slightly alkaline, are best suited for breeding clematis. If the soil is clayey, care must be taken to drain excess moisture. Otherwise, the water will begin to stagnate and cause rotting of the roots - it is clear that this will reduce the flowering of clematis. To avoid this, you will need drainage - a layer of rubble.

Light to medium loamy or clayey soil is best suited for planting. Before planting plants, it will not hurt to add lime and nutrients to the soil.

Fertile soils are considered suitable for planting clematis. But even on poor soil, clematis can feel quite comfortable - provided that its care is especially careful. Before planting, the soil must be prepared in advance: add peat or clay mixed with humus. Humus cannot be used, as it is detrimental to the roots of clematis, especially in the first year.

How to plant a plant correctly

You can plant clematis at any time during the growing season, although flowers grown in a greenhouse should not be planted later than August 25 - they simply will not have time to take root and acclimatize in a new environment.

When planting clematis, it is worth maintaining a distance of 1.2-1.5 m between the plants. In clay soil, which prevails in the Moscow region, you need to dig a hole 0.7x0.7x0.7 m in size.If the soil is wet, drainage must be laid on the bottom of the grooves. The holes are filled with soil mixed with peat and sand. It is also recommended to add 2 glasses of ash and 150 g of mineral fertilizer.

In young seedlings, the growth point is deepened by 5-7 cm, in "adult" seedlings - by 8 cm. Charcoal or ash should be poured into the middle of the seedling. Fill the hole, leaving a small hole 20 cm from the plant - with its help it will be easier to water the clematis. Then pour water until the pit is full.

Small shoots do not need to be buried right away - it is recommended to leave them in the hole and gradually deepen them as clematis grows. Immediately you need to install the shading.

The support for clematis must be installed immediately after planting, until the roots have grown, otherwise they can be damaged. The height of the support is selected taking into account the possible height of the plant, the optimal one is usually 2.4 m.

Clematis care

You can be convinced by looking at the photo that the varieties of clematis for the Moscow region quite successfully endure all the hardships of not the warmest climate and delight with abundant flowering. The main condition for such a result is proper care.

Under natural conditions, clematis grows in the undergrowth, this explains its very unusual "requirements": the roots of the plant need moist and cool soil, and the flowers and leaves need light and warmth.

The plant needs abundant and frequent watering, but an excessive amount of moisture will be detrimental to it. Clematos are severely affected on waterlogged soil: for example, if groundwater comes close to the surface or the site is located near a reservoir. The only way to help the plants is to make a water drainage system. Most often, for this purpose, ditches are dug on the site and drainage is arranged. To protect clematis from getting wet, you can plant them on a high ridge. But in any case, in the landing pit, it is better to arrange a "pillow" of rubble or broken brick with a thickness of at least 25 cm.

The roots of other plants are not at all scary to clematis. Therefore, you can plant it with tulips, crocuses, hyacinths or peonies.

During preparation for winter, you must first of all protect the clematis - after all, it depends on how quickly new shoots grow, which means that flowering will begin. Before covering, it is recommended to greatly shorten the stems of the plant - up to 1 m, remove broken and dried ones. The base of the flower can be covered with peat or a layer of dry earth. Then remove the stems from the support and lay them around the base of the bush.

The easiest way is to close the bush with a wooden box, put a layer of roofing material or plastic wrap on top. Additionally, you can put pine needles and dry leaves under the box. If there is little snow in winter, you can shovel it to the bottom of the box.

It is also necessary to remove the insulation correctly and on time. First, remove the roofing material (film), then the box, remove dry foliage and needles. The last layer - mulch - keeps clematis buds from temperature changes and bright sunlight, so you don't need to remove it right away. Otherwise, the buds will begin to grow too early when the soil has not warmed up. A layer of mulch will also protect against cold snaps: when a crust of ice forms on the surface, it can simply break off the roots. As a result, if clematis grows back, then with a delay of half a month or a month.

How clematis reproduces

Basically, clematis propagates by seeds. To obtain them, the flowers must be artificially pollinated. Seeds do not germinate quickly - about 10-12 months, some can lie in the ground for 2-3 years, and in some cases even longer. Therefore, you have to be patient. Places where clematis seeds are planted should be watered with a solution of potassium permanganate or boric acid. Or choose another method, for example, propagation by layering.

Hybrid varieties are more convenient to grow in a different way. For propagation, cuttings or layers are separated from an adult plant. Ripe shoots with 5 pairs of leaves are used as cuttings. You can select them for grafting in the middle or at the end of summer. The stalk must be divided into parts, in each of which one internode should be left. The roots of cuttings appear in a month, sometimes up to 40 days.To speed up the formation of the root system, you can dip the cutting into a heteroauxin solution.

Plant the cuttings in the ground (you can leave in the greenhouse until next year), leaving a slight slope, and water well.

Rooting takes place faster in warm weather - at least 25 degrees. Therefore, in order to provide the cuttings with the necessary conditions, the box can be closed with foil.

But for this method of reproduction, varieties with a tap root system are not suitable, and besides, they very poorly tolerate transplantation.

Another way of breeding clematis is grafting. This method is more often chosen for varietal plants.

There are many representatives of the flora to decorate the personal plot. Clematis or prince deserves special attention. They are often planted in garden plots, as these vines simply delight in their beauty and tenderness. The flowers are quite large. They have a wide variety of colors. Climbing plants during their bloom resemble a magical waterfall flowing from a height.

Clematis on a support

Clematis Clematis is a perennial plant that belongs to the buttercup family. Other common names are Clematis, Vine, or Warthog. In nature, clematis grow in areas with a temperate climate and subtropics. Plants of this genus are found on the river coast, in bushes, small wooded areas, in the steppe expanses, at the mountain base.

There are two varieties. In some plants, at the end of the warm period, the leaves fly off, while in others they do not. Basically, in Russia (clematis varieties for the Moscow region description of the photo) species grow that shed their foliage. If you plan to breed clematis in Siberia, planting and leaving will be somewhat complicated. Only in areas with a warm climate located to the south are plants that always remain green. Garden clematis planting and breeding care in Ukraine begins to gain momentum. Previously, clematis was grown in Japan as ornamental plants. But after the 16th century they migrated to European countries. And in the 19th century, except for Antarctica and the Far North.

Clematis cultivation and care: description

How to care

The prince begins to bloom in the springtime. The flowering process continues throughout the warm period of time. All summer, clematis delights with beautiful heads of bright, large flowers, which are usually located singly. The petals are painted in a wide variety of shades and colors.

Spring awakening and the beginning of active growth occurs in clematis, when the earth warms up to 5 - 7 degrees. It happens in April. In the second half of May or in June (at the beginning of the month), flowering begins on two-year-old shoots and lasts about a month, it all depends on the variety.

Depending on the illumination, the flowers may differ in the degree of color saturation. In the shade, the flowers become paler, and in the light they have a more intense color. But when the bright sun shines for a long time, the flowers may also fade a little.

Clematis varieties

In nature, there are at least 300 different types of wild clematis. Now many cultivars have been bred. Group classifications are very versatile.

Kidney-forming species:

• The first group includes plants in which flower buds form on shoots that have grown in the current year.
• In the representatives of the second group, flower buds arise on last year's branches.

Typical views:

• There are clematis, which are shrubs. They have a perennial root and lower branches. And everything that above dies off every year at the end of summer.
• Another type is herbaceous, which are perennial vines; in such subspecies, the branches die off at the end of the growing season.
• There are princes, similar to shrubs, in which the stem becomes lignified. They can hibernate without pruning.

Pruning promotes intense new shoots and lush flowering. It never gets boring to look at the photo of clematis during the flowering period.

By the size and shape of the flower

• Small-flowered

  Drooping clematis

• Large-flowered
• Simple. The flowers are kept by representatives of this variety for a week.
• Terry clematis. Duration of flowering of terry varieties is about three weeks.

A wide variety of clematis are grown in the gardens: shrubby and climbing, with small and large flowers, wild. All currently existing cultivars have been bred from wild clematis.

They will look original and therefore, small-flowered subspecies are often used by gardeners: burning, paniculate, serrate-leaved, oriental, drooping or hanging, mountain clematis. Flowers, albeit small in size, but their presence is abundant, they cover almost the entire surface, and various forms of supports help to recreate bizarre compositions in the landscape.

Another advantage of small-flowered forms is their increased frost resistance.

Large-flowered varieties of clematis

Gardeners are especially fond of plants belonging to the large-flowered group. Consider in detail the clematis varieties with photos and descriptions.

Clematis who do not crop video:

Clematis Jacques

This is a four meter hybrid variety. On its vines, about a dozen additional shoots grow. On the basis of this hybrid variety, many modern varieties have been created, which are successfully cultivated by gardeners.

This species is distinguished by large flower heads (12-15 cm), which are painted in rich tones of purple, violet, blue, and are odorless. Young shoots all summer delight with a large number of beautiful large flowers.

In late autumn, sometimes the vines need to be cut to ensure a safe wintering.

Clematis Lanugizona

These vines are also called woolly. These are shrub-type plants with climbing vines. During the summer, they reach a height of 2.5 m. Flowers appear both on last year's shoots and on young ones. Leaves can be up to 12 cm in size, their lower surface is covered with villi that resemble wool. Pedicels are also covered with hairs. Therefore, they are called woolly. The flowers are large, their size is from 12 to 20 cm, the color is lilac or white.

When the season is over, the plants are pruned. The height of the plant after pruning is one meter from the ground. In order for the wintering to be successful, branches must be covered with sawdust or peat.

Clematis Viticella

A climbing plant with five or six meter long vines. The leaves are feathery, with a maximum valley of 6 cm. The maximum size of flower baskets is 12 centimeters. The flowering period begins in the first days of June and ends in September. On one curly branch, approximately one hundred flower heads can bloom at the same time, Their colors and shades are very diverse (violet-blue, lilac, purple-red). Flowers are formed on shoots that have grown in the current year. In the fall, they are cut off completely.

Clematis Patens

Sprawling bushy twining branches that grow up to about three and a half meters. Large single flower heads (15 cm) are star-shaped. The petals can be arranged in one row, and also, there are double flowers, have a color of purple, dark blue, purple.

Flowering begins in spring and ends in late autumn. At the end of the season, the vine is made shorter and covered for wintering.

Clematis Florida

This clematis belongs to a variety of shrub vines. The height of the shoots is three meters. Flowers are found in different shades, but more often they are light. Their size is from eight to twelve centimeters. In early summer, flowers appear on shoots that have grown in the past year. In August, young shoots begin to bloom. For wintering, they are cut off 1-1.5 meters from the ground level and the plant is sheltered for insulation.

Clematis Integlypholia

This variety was bred in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. These are low-growing semi-shrub clematis up to 1.5 m high. They can grow without support.The flowers are bell-shaped, their size can reach 12 cm, drooping in appearance.

All varieties of large-flowered plants look beautiful on vertical supports and racks. They can be planted near walls and fences so that the vines twine around them, giving the structures untold beauty.

We present the most popular and popular varieties of clematis

1. Gipsy Queen '(Gypsy Queen) velvet purple beauty from the Jacquemann group.
2. Crispina (Kryspina) Polish clematis with pinkish burgundy large flowers.
3. The President is a large variety with blue flowers, a petal of a darker shade along the edge.
4. Ville de Lyon red clematis.
5. Mazowsze is a Polish variety with burgundy petals, in the center of which is a fluffy ball of yellow stamens.
6. Mazury is a terry hybrid clematis with delicate blue petals.
7. Solidarity (Solidarność) blood-red velvet inflorescences
8. Viola (Viola) Violet-lilac wide inflorescences.
9. Bella with pure white color.
10. Madame le Cultre white clematis.
11. Henryi velvety white variety with protruding creamy stamens
12. Pink Swing creamy pink drooping flowers
13. Shin shigoku (Shin-shigyoku) with deep purple large inflorescences
14. Rhapsody is a late flowering variety that is simply strewn with large inflorescences of a piercing blue color
15. Winter-hardy variety Tudor (Clematis Tudor), with lilac open petals, in the center of each a wide raspberry strip
16. 
17. Caen (Caen) terry, slightly red flowers, blooming twice a year in May and August
18. Serafina ('Serafina') Polish pattern with pink lavender petals
19. Siebold's hybrid (Clematis Hybrida Sieboldii) has an original color: against the background of creamy petals, purple stamens rise in a soft ball
20. Carnaby is a two-tone variety: strawberry tone with a light edge
21. Early large-flowered Akaishi clematis (AKAISHI). The original two-tone coloration, combining a purplish blue base color with a bright crimson stripe in the middle, immediately attracts all eyes
22. Cloudburst delicate lilac flowers with a bright white spot in the center
23. Late grade Minister (Minister) lilac pink flowers
24. Trikatrei rich dark purple color
25. ANDROMEDA Andromeda planting and caring for it is no different from all clematis. It blooms with snow-white flowers with a wavy edge and a wide crimson stripe in the center.
26. Lawsonia (Clematis Lawsonia) purple blue flowers
27. Terry clematis Dorothy Tolver Lilac flowers with pink flowers.
28. Liberty Description delicate pink color of the petal, as if edged with a crimson stripe.
29. Rebecca is a true red clematis.
30. Durandii (Duranda) is a large-flowered variety from the Integlifolia group, a bright azure blue.
31. Columella (Columella) drooping flowers of bright pink, and inside creamy pink.

How to grow clematis at home

When clematis is planted in the spring, autumn or summer in the ground, let's figure it out.

The best time to plant seedlings is the second half of August and September (the whole month), planting clematis in the fall will be better. The timing depends on the climatic zone, weather conditions. For a planted plant to successfully overwinter, it takes about 30 days for a good growth of the root system. If the seedlings were bought at a later time, then they should be stored in a room in the winter where it is cool and dark (it is possible in the cellar).

Clematis planting and care in the open field

It is very important to choose a suitable place for clematis, because they will have to grow here for about twenty years. Clematis are often not transplanted.

How to choose the right place

Where to plant

Cold northerly winds are undesirable for plants, a sufficient amount of sunlight is needed. However, in southern regions with a hot climate, it is more advisable to plant clematis in a slightly shaded place. Clematis planting care in the Urals is also distinguished by its specificity. Plants should not be planted too close to structures and buildings. Lowlands, places of accumulation of rain and melted snow water are completely unsuitable. If the soil is very waterlogged, the roots will rot. In areas where groundwater is close, it is imperative to make a drainage channel with a depth of at least 20 cm. It will be good if you plant the plants on a hill.

An important point! When clematis is planted in order to be used to decorate the walls of various buildings, it is necessary to take care of such an important factor as flowing water so that it does not fall on them from the roof.

What kind of soil does a prince need

Clematis require soil enriched with essential nutrients for plant nutrition. Therefore, a fertilized, light soil is needed. Roots need air, so plants need loose soil. Clematis do not like acidified soils. On heavy soils, it is necessary to make the holes deeper and wider. And the soil must be mixed with humus, peat, sand.

For disembarkation, you need to make holes:

• On light soils, the length, width and depth should be 50 cm each.
• On heavy soils - 70 cm.

If the seedlings have a bulky root ball, the size of the planting holes should be increased..

It is recommended to fill up with a nutritional mixture of the following composition:

• • one part of sand and peat;
  • two parts of garden soil and compost (manure humus);
  • 400 - 500 g of ash;
  • 150 g dolomite flour,
  • 100 grams of mineral fertilizers.

All components of the mixture must be mixed well and used to fill the landing pits. This soil is great for clematis and can be used on any soil.

How to plant clematis correctly

From the prepared mixture in the planting hole, a mound is created, along the edges of which a horse system is placed, the roots are covered with a soil mixture, gradually filling the entire hole.

The part of the plant from which tillering begins must be deepened during the planting process. Young seedlings should be deepened by 5 - 8 cm, and adult branches by 8 - 10 cm. Filling of tillering nodes should be done with river sand mixed with ash and charcoal. This is necessary to protect against decay. Deepening of the tillering nodes is done to prevent damage to the roots by winter frosts, and overheating did not occur in summer. After completely filling the pits with a soil nutrient mixture, it is imperative to water the clematis. For this purpose, it is necessary to make a hole next to the planted plant (the distance from the seedling to the watering hole is 15-20 cm).

Further, the seedlings must be covered with humus or peat. It is necessary to create shading so that the sun's rays do not fall directly.

Advice! When planting clematis, you need to immediately put supports so that later you do not damage the roots. The height of the supports must be sufficient (different for each grade).

All the time while growth and flowering occurs, the soil should be constantly loosened periodically and often mulched, top dressing and weeding should be done. The importance of regular watering should be mentioned. In the heat, the plant needs more water. To avoid overheating the soil during the summer heat, it is necessary to mulch the surface of the holes.

Pruning clematis

The most important part of clematis care is pruning. In order for plants to grow strong and bloom profusely, pruning must be done correctly.

Some varieties of clematis should never be cut off at all. Their flower buds are formed on the shoots of the vulgar season. If the plantings are too dense, then their thinning should be carried out when the flowering period ends. It is imperative to leave shoots with a minimum length of 1m.

There is another group of clematis. These are large-flowered varieties, in which flowers appear on last year's shoots in spring, and overgrown young twigs begin to bloom in summer. Such plants should be pruned when they are one year old. They are cut so that the height remains 30 cm.When pruning shoots of two years of age, the size of shoots is 1.5 m.

Clematis, which bloom at the end of summer, are pruned to a greater extent. Their height after the pruning process remains 20 to 50 cm above ground level.

Recommendations for feeding

After clematis shoots grow, it is recommended to feed them with nitrogen fertilizer.This will promote good leaf growth and normal shoot development. Fertilizer is applied simultaneously with watering.

1. It is again recommended to feed the plants with potash and phosphorus fertilizers. This must be done while tying the buds.
2. During the entire period of growth and flowering, clematis must be fed with fertilizers with microelements. Within a month, such dressings need to be done 2 times.
3. In September, it is necessary to add double superphosphate to the stem wells.

How can you propagate clematis video

There are several breeding methods:

• dividing a bush
• green shoots
• green cuttings
• summer cuttings
• seed method

By dividing the bush

This method is suitable when the plants have grown well enough, and their age does not exceed 7 years. The bush should be dug up and cut so that each separated part has roots and buds. It is recommended to prune long runs so that the bush takes root better.

Reproduction using shoots

You can propagate the prince by shoots. This is done by fixing green shoots on the ground and sprinkling them with soil in the spring. Separate the plants from the mother bush when sufficiently good roots are formed. They are planted according to the recommendations for planting clematis.

Green cuttings of the prince

A common method is to propagate clematis with green cuttings. This method is possible for the entire growing season of clematis. But best of all, cuttings should be cut in the spring, during the formation of buds. Cuttings of hybrid varieties can be cut until July, and small-flowered varieties - until mid-August. Cutting green shoots should be done in the early morning hours or in the evening at dusk, preferably on a cloudy day, so that enough moisture remains in the cuttings. It is best to cut the cuttings from the middle of the green shoots. The stalk should have one well-developed bud. At the bottom, 5 - 6 cm from it, an oblique cut is made using a sharply sharpened knife. And 2 cm above the kidney, the cut should be straight. Then the cuttings are processed for 10 - 12 hours in a growth stimulant solution. Then they are planted in pots, hotbeds or greenhouses. At first, watering is done daily, after a month the schedule changes. The cuttings are watered 2-3 times during the week. After 1.5 - 2 months, the root system develops. Saplings of clematis should be planted in open ground in the spring.

Summer cuttings

Reproduction by means of summer cuttings. The method is quite simple. The shoot is pulled through the container with the bottom removed. This container is then covered with earth, roots will form there.

Seed method

Seed propagation is used in breeding work to develop new varieties.

Clematis care in autumn

Clematis care in autumn

So that these gentle creatures do not upset you after winter, the necessary preparation should begin in the fall.

Advice! Covering work can be carried out simultaneously with the cover of the floribunda rose.

1. The first method: remove all dried leaves and damaged branches, untie them from the support and lay them directly on the ground. Sprinkle on top with dry leaves or straw.
2. Second: make a simple frame, for example, from a regular box, cover it with roofing paper on top, and put a brick on it.
3. Third: wrap directly on the support with covering material.

The last two methods will serve better, because, despite the fact that shelters, as such, have not been created, there will be protection, because the main thing is if only there was no icing of the shoots.

And that is not all! Now you need to reveal in time... A period is selected when severe frosts are no longer expected and the shelter is removed. Otherwise, the overwintered clematis can dry out.

Pests and diseases

• • Roots are harmed by moles, nematodes and bears. Leaves can be harmed by snails, spider mites, scale insects, aphids, slugs. A specific chemical insecticidal agent should be used for each type of insect.
  • "Karatan" is used for powdery mildew. First, the affected shoots are cut off, and then the treatment is carried out with this drug.
  • For rust (fungal disease), you need to use Bordeaux liquid.
  • With a fungal infection, the root system and the aerial part of the plants are damaged. The plant can dry out completely. It is necessary to remove damaged parts and carry out chemical treatment (Azocene, Fundazol). Leaves with stems should be sprinkled with a remedy for diseases, and clematis should also be watered under the root.

The use of clematis in landscape design photo

Clematis in the landscape

Clematis on the arch

Clematis are very beautiful plants, with their help you can create magnificent compositions to create masterpieces of landscape design. A garden liana is able to decorate any suburban area.

Very beautiful compositions are obtained from all kinds of blooming clematis, soaring up on curved arches and supports. The combination with other plants is very extensive. By planting evergreen conifers next to it, you will shade the color palette, when phlox or perennial snapdragons are planted next to it, it turns out its own charm.

In any case, delicate charming inflorescences of all kinds of shades and shapes attract numerous gazes and, undoubtedly, will become a worthy decoration of your site.

Clematis growing for beginners video