How to keep a seedling with an open root system before planting?

Buying plants is a responsible business. Let's talk about that. what you need to pay attention to when choosing seedlings of fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs

SPRING - TIME TO BUY PLANTS, BOTH FRUITS AND DECORATIVE. IT IS IMPORTANT NOT ONLY TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT TREE, SHRUB OR FLOWER, BUT ALSO PRESERVE IT BEFORE PLANTING IN THE GARDEN. LET'S TALK ABOUT THIS

We will learn to choose, store and plant planting material in the spring.

Seedlings grown in containers are easiest to transplant, their root system is well developed, not disturbed, such plants quickly take root and grow. It turns out that we simply transfer the plants: when we take them out of the container and plant them in the garden, we preserve the integrity of the root system.

Seedlings grown in the field, in the nursery, are often wrapped in foil, after adding nutritious soil to the roots and forming a briquette, which is placed in a colorful package. The root system of such plants does not dry out; in this state, the seedling can be stored for several months.

See also: Storage of seedlings - how to save before spring planting?

Fruit trees

WE BUY SEEDLINGS

Before purchasing a seedling, inspect it carefully.

He must be healthy, the bark must not be damaged. This is the first thing to pay attention to.

When buying in a frosty period, pay attention to the buds: they should be dormant, and the seedling itself should not be overdried (which is well displayed on the bark, it becomes wrinkled, a slight crunch is heard when bent).

The shoots of a healthy seedling are elastic, bend easily, have an even bark color, and the buds are clearly visible.

Examine the vaccination site carefully:one hundred accretion of rootstock and scion must be clean, with a characteristic scar.

The tops of the seedlings can be pruned - it's not scary; form a new leader during the growing season, and after a year or two you will not see the cut site.

Blooming buds on a seedling are permissible, in this case, we can plant it immediately on a permanent place, and there is no need for storage.

WE SAVE BEFORE LANDING

Do not bring purchased seedlings into the heat., by doing this you will only stimulate growth. Wrap them in a nonwoven covering material and store them in a cold room until planting (ideally in a cellar, cold basement, garage, or even on a balcony).

Check the condition of the soil, do not let it dry out, moisturize in a timely manner, but also do not fill.

The seedling must be accompanied by a label indicating the variety, it must be attached to the seedling or to the container in which it was grown.

Protect the plant from sunburn before planting (or immediately after);

You can use covering material or garden whitewash.

Fruit shrubs

All seedlings of fruit bushes (currants, gooseberries, raspberries, honeysuckle, blackberries) grown in containers, after purchase, can be stored outdoors in the shade or in a cold room until disembarked in a permanent place.

Seedlings with an open root systempurchased from the nursery, immediately place in a bag, wrap the roots in cloth or paper, moisturize and keep in the shade. On the garden plot, if the planting site is not yet ready, dig in the seedlings in the garden bed, sprinkle the roots with soil, and water well.It is not necessary to soak such seedlings; some immerse them in a bucket of water - that's a mistake! An attempt to soak dried seedlings, of course, has the right to be, but in this case it is much more effective to cut the roots with a sharp pruner, shorten the shoots greatly, and then plant the plant in loose fertile soil and water it well.

Blackberry and raspberry seedlings should be chosen with care... Do not forget that the shoots of these crops live for two years. In the first year they gain vegetative mass, in the second year they bloom and give berries, after which they dry up. Therefore, the seedlings should be shoots of the first year, and they will give the first harvest only in the second year.

Perennials

Perennial flower crops are most often offered by sellers in the spring. The desire to purchase a new variety is great, and colorful packaging appears already in February. But it is still very early, and we do not understand what to do with them, how to preserve them until they are planted in the garden in April-May.

MODERN VARIETIES OF HYBRID Iris amaze the imagination with the shape and color of the flowers (white, pink, crimson, blue, blue). Old varieties are often found on garden plots, many consider them almost weedy, often planted from the site on the side of garden roads; even thrown away, they often take root, grow and bloom beautifully in wastelands.

Modern varieties, in contrast to the "unkillable" old ones, are often capricious, which undoubtedly pays off for their beauty.

In the spring, there are cuttings of the coveted rhizome with one "shovel" of leaves on sale (this is how the fan of iris leaves is called). Carefully inspect the cut: there should be no rot, sores and damage. Remember that it is better to dry this plant (even if the leaves are almost dry, they will tolerate it more easily) than to keep it very moist. It rots easily when wet.

Damaged rhizomes of iris can be cured, rotten parts can be cut with a sharp knife to healthy tissue, and the cut can be powdered with crushed charcoal or treated with ordinary brilliant green, applying it to the cut with a cotton swab. Store the rhizomes in a cool, dry place, rarely dampening slightly to avoid drying out.

Daylilies and hosts have a well-developed root system, often with only one bud. Such delenki are most often found in bags with ventilation holes. Choose healthy specimens with a well-formed kidney. They should be planted in peat pots and placed in a cold room or cellar, periodically slightly moistening. And in the garden, they can be planted in a permanent place along with the pot.

Hosta... Please carefully read the description of the variety before purchasing. Pay attention to the size of the bush: hosts are very different in size of leaves - there are giants with a bush up to a meter in size, and there are babies whose bush is no more than 20 cm. Consider this when planting in a permanent place.

Day-lily... This plant, on the contrary, grows well in the sun - it practically does not bloom in deep shade and grows poorly. The varietal variety of this perennial captivates with its many colors, long flowering and unpretentiousness.

ON A NOTE

I want to draw your attention to the lilac. There is an opinion that it is easy to propagate it - just dig up the growth and plant it.

But disappointment comes when the planted shoots bloom: instead of the desired variety, the most common lilac blooms. The point is this: varieties are often propagated by grafting, grafting varietals on wild shoots - which blooms with you if you separate the shoots from it. Varietal lilacs have a weak root system, so it is advisable to propagate them by grafting, like apple trees, pears, plums.

Reference by topic: Choosing quality seedlings - types of rootstock, planting and care

How to preserve seedlings before planting in open ground

Saplings: how to choose and save the right one. (11.02.16 g.)

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How to preserve seedlings before plantingtasha_jardinierApril 19th, 2015

You bought seedlings with an open root system, but you are not ready to plant yet? Try to store them properly before planting. The best option is to take it to the dacha and dig in there. To do this, you need to choose a place where the sun almost does not look, there is no wind, but not a lowland where cold air accumulates. Don't have time to dig a trench? Okay, fold the seedlings on level ground, if a lot, with a valetic. Pour loose moist soil and stale sawdust onto the root system. It is important that the roots are initially moist, but if they were poorly packed and dry, then immerse them in water for half an hour.

Throw a black, dense non-woven over the ground or sawdust, secure it so that it does not blow away with the wind. Note that only the roots should be covered, and the trunks and branches should be exposed to the light.

Well that's all, the seedlings are ready to wait for you to arrive and plant them.

Saplings of grapes, apple trees, cherries, currants, and other plants are best planted in open ground in the fall, before the onset of the first cold weather. In the overwhelming majority of cases, they survive the winter, adapt to extreme conditions and develop well, starting from the next spring. But what if you purchased planting material too late and would like to keep it until the first spring warmth? You can find the answer to this question in our article.

Storage of seedlings in a personal plot

If you live in a private house, then you can store seedlings right on the street. Are you afraid that they will freeze already with the first frost? We offer two equally simple and effective ways to protect them from the cold:

• the so-called snowing. This method allows you to store seedlings before planting in those regions of the country where snow lies all winter, where the height of its cover is at least 15 centimeters. Snow perfectly keeps warm, so your future plants will be very comfortable under it. To ensure the most comfortable storage conditions, it is enough, firstly, to dig the seedlings to a depth of 8-10 cm in the snow, and secondly, to sprinkle them on top with about the same layer of sawdust. They will act as additional thermal insulation and prevent snow melting during short-term thaws. Finally, with such a protective layer, plants will not be afraid of even strong temperature drops;
• if there is a problem with snow in your region, we suggest storing seedlings in a burrow. It is a trench 60-70 centimeters deep and up to half a meter wide. The length depends on the plants that you intend to submerge under the soil layer. Be sure to make sure that there is no risk of a high rise in groundwater on the site, that the roots will not rot due to the increased level of moisture. You will also need to insulate the hole well - for this purpose, we recommend using branches of pine or other conifers, moss or sawdust. If the trench is being built on heavy soils, it is best to lighten them by mixing with peat and sand. This will reduce stress on the seedlings and can be easily removed before planting.

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Before immersing plants in snow or an earthen trench, they must be carefully prepared.For this, the following procedures are carried out:

• removal of excess, as well as diseased leaves;
• immersing the roots in clean water for 3-5 hours so that they are saturated with moisture;
• removal of dead sections of the root system.

Do you have any opportunity to store plants before planting in your garden? Then we propose to create the most comfortable conditions for them right in an ordinary city apartment.

Features of storing seedlings in an apartment

Where can the planting material be stored in the apartment? For this purpose, a refrigerator is perfect, which will not allow the root system to dry out and will provide ideal conditions for the plant to survive the winter and to be perfectly preserved before planting. This method imposes some restrictions on the size of the seedlings, so it cannot be used for all fruit trees and shrubs.

Preparing a vine or sprout for cold storage is carried out in several steps:

• we prepare several (according to the number of seedlings) plastic bags, and also purchase a nutritious substrate for seedlings in any specialized store;
• steam the composition and cool it well to room temperature;
• we immerse the plant in a bag and gradually add the substrate there so that it completely occupies the space between the roots;
• moisten the composition and tie the bag tightly. A little later, you will need to make several holes in the cellophane to ensure proper ventilation and prevent root rotting;
• we place the bag in the so-called "freshness zone" of the refrigeration unit or simply on the lower shelf, where the temperature is stable 2-5 degrees above zero.

Great if you have a garage with a cellar or a glazed (but not insulated) balcony. In this case, you can ensure efficient storage of large seedlings of fruit trees.

The main task pursued by placing plants in the cold is to prevent their early awakening and budding. Check them regularly.

How to preserve seedlings of various garden plants

The above methods are universal and allow you to effectively store seedlings of various plants purchased in autumn or winter before planting. But still, each of them has its own characteristics, which we will describe in this article:

• fruit trees are best kept in a cellar, and not in a trench or a snow pit - this way you can constantly monitor the state of their root system. If immediately after purchase you find a strong drying out of the roots, be sure to moisturize them by soaking them in clean water for several hours. In addition, you need to regularly moisten the substrate, at least once every two weeks to check if the buds are not blooming;
• grape seedlings are very demanding on the ambient temperature. At zero degrees, their roots may simply dry out, and at +5, the awakening process already begins. Therefore, the temperature will have to be carefully monitored. It is best to organize storage of vines on the balcony or in the basement in specially prepared containers with the same nutrient substrate or in plastic bags. In addition to the mixture, you need to add moistened sand, which provides the necessary air flow to the root system. Let's reveal a little secret - in order to maintain the optimal temperature and humidity level, you can lay a small snowball on the surface of the substrate. It will melt very slowly, creating suitable conditions for the plant and preventing it from waking up prematurely.

Rose seedlings are also quite capricious, which are not recommended to be planted in open ground until the onset of real spring heat. We recommend storing them before planting in several ways that are already known to you, but with some adjustments:

• if you are setting up a pit, it is also very important to have a snow cover.In this case, sprouts are laid in a previously prepared and insulated pit with pine needles and sprinkled with a nutritious substrate. To keep the plant warm, a layer of spunbond is placed on top, which at the same time will maintain a normal moisture level;
• to ensure effective refrigeration, all you need to do is keep a close eye on the roots. They must be constantly moisturized so as not to dry out and die before planting;
• if the plant still wakes up and leaves leaves, the only way to preserve it before transplanting it into open ground is to place it in special containers with loose soil. At the same time, it is important to place containers in a dark room (to exclude premature growth) with a temperature of at least +10 degrees and pack them well in cellophane film. In addition, the root system must be constantly hydrated. But it's important not to overdo it so the roots don't rot before planting.

It is quite difficult to store seedlings effectively, especially in winter. However, if you use our advice, you can easily cope with this task. At the same time, you do not need to regularly monitor the plants - it is enough to look at them once every 1-2 weeks to ensure optimal conditions.

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Regardless of which of the above storage methods you choose, it is important to monitor the condition of the sprouts or vines. Do not let them bloom prematurely, try to create conditions that slow down growth as much as possible if you cannot prevent the appearance of leaves, and also maintain optimal temperature and humidity levels. All this will allow you to plant a plant in open ground, which will be accepted without problems and will develop normally throughout the first year.

Hello dear gardeners, gardeners and flower growers! Spring, you all acquire some plants, some of you have mapped out a road to one garden center, someone mapped a road to some nursery, but be sure, I beg you, I just beg you, get perennial plants here only in good companies, only in good stores, only in good nurseries! In no case do not allow yourself to buy plants somewhere on the roads from some random sellers. You can lose not only money, time, energy, but also nerves.

How to preserve seedlings of trees and shrubs before planting in open ground

So, you have purchased a one-year-old seedling, for example, an apple tree. It should look something like this. An annual seedling is literally a twig. If several lateral shoots have suddenly formed on the seedling, then this is already a two-year-old seedling. Of course, in such packaging it is not entirely clear what is there, what roots, but, nevertheless, firms do not compromise themselves, therefore, as a rule, they make good packaging, as you see in this case. There is a substrate, the roots are clearly moistened, the substrate is moist - now we will see that - well wrapped. See what kind of substrate? Wet. So I touch it with my finger - my finger gets dirty. We must open it, and before planting it is already in the garden - and it is too early to plant, we still cannot prepare the pits, because the soil is frozen - during this time we must help the plant at least a little. We will take it and put it in some kind of container, in a pot. Do not keep it somewhere in the bath or in the kitchen on the floor, but take this plant of yours to the balcony. On the balcony, it will continue to rest remarkably. You see, the kidneys are still dormant. In the meantime, you should try to choose a plant with dormant buds, so that the buds are tight, the tissues are elastic at the shoots. This is how they should bend. This means that the plant is lively, pretty, the kidneys are plump.

We check the condition of the trunk of the purchased tree or shrub sapling

Here is our root system. It often happens that the grower twists the roots when they are too large.And we see with you that the tip of the spine is white. This means that the plant has already come to life, which means that it is about to start growing. And once in such a container as it was, it is clear that this apple tree can simply die, despite the fact that you buy a good product.

So we freed the roots a little from the substrate, gave them freedom. For such a root system, such a two-liter capacity will be enough. You can fill the drainage, or you can not fill it, because if you fill the drainage, the root system will be cramped. Therefore, it's okay, for a month or a month and a half, this plant will simply stay with us in a new container with neat watering, maybe we even have to feed the plant a little. We sprinkle the soil. But what kind of soil? You can take, for example, such a soil - garden, or a universal soil prepared by us in advance, where we have land from the garden, and river sand, and very good peat, and perlite, vermiculite. So the soil - just sit down and grow on its own.

We check the condition of the roots of the purchased seedling of a tree or shrub

So, we take with you, we pour a little soil on the bottom - we should always do this - so that the bottom is not naked, and the roots do not immediately lie on the bottom. Sprinkle our plant with this earth of ours. Good commercial land can be used, but not peat. Dear friends, please do not buy these peat pillows that are selling. The soil will surely dry out, then get wet, there will not be enough food, or, on the contrary, the food will be so unevenly supplied to the roots - it is thick, then empty - and this will not make them feel good, these roots will die. So you can even alternate your land with purchased land - a handful of one soil, a handful of another. The soil should have a reaction somewhere around 5.5-6. This is a very good reaction. This is how we compact the soil, especially around the perimeter. We spill a clod of earth, actively water the soil so that it snuggles to the roots. The roots will immediately feel the moisture, start their work. Let's add a little more. But you don't need to rush the plant, you don't need to wake it up ahead of time. If there is some cold, rather light room, then it will normally stay in it. There is no need to rush. Why? Because sometimes plants wake up early. It would seem that in May you can already plant it, it is already with leaves, but these leaves are not needed, because there may be frosts, and frosts will definitely destroy these leaves, and you will have to cover these plants. Therefore, do not wake up your plants ahead of time.

We transplant the seedling into a seedling container

Thus we watered, temporarily planted. Again, the root system, growing in this pot, covering this new soil, feeding on good elements that we can include after 1-2 waterings, say, mineral fertilizers ... Every third watering we apply mineral fertilizers. Be sure to use annotation. You don't need much. Less is better than more. And be sure to try to treat the plant from diseases and pests during this period before planting. There are a lot of drugs now. From diseases, as a rule, these are copper-containing preparations, from pests you will find these preparations everywhere in the markets and in stores, ask, exactly, good universal preparations, so that no infection can be brought into your garden.

Dear friends, I wish you all the best, great success and the acquisition of wonderful seedlings.

Nikolay Petrovich Fursov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences.