How should tomatoes be watered outdoors after planting?

How often to water tomatoes outdoors

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Watering frequency

After planting, the seedlings need to be watered abundantly - up to five liters per plant. Then you can "forget" about watering for about a week. How do you know if tomatoes need moisture? Pay attention to the top layer of the soil. If the soil is dry, then it's time to water the seedlings - after all, the roots of young plants are too weak to absorb liquid at a depth. Tomato seedlings are usually watered once or twice a week.The tomato is suitable for large greenhouses and is financially expensive compared to the previous method. True, the cost of purchasing special equipment will greatly simplify watering and save time.

And if water drops remain on the leaves or fruits, then in the bright sun such a drop becomes a lens that leaves burns.

You need to water such seedlings in the evening and in the morning, in each hole up to 2 liters of water in clear weather, and in cloudy weather you can do with a one-time watering in the evening.

Watering the seedlings is carried out as follows:

It is very important what kind of water to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse - it should be warm, about the same temperature as the soil. In the morning hours, it is most often cool.

The best way to water

The main question - how often you need to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse - we have already partially answered above.

What remains is a hose, a bucket with a ladle and drip irrigation of tomatoes in the greenhouse. Which is better?

What conditions need to be created for these capricious plants? How and how much to water tomatoes in the greenhouse to get a good harvest?

Never direct liquid onto leaves or fruits. If water droplets remain on the leaves, this will damage them. As a result, late blight spores may germinate.Watering tomatoes outdoors is not such an easy procedure as it might seem at first glance. This business has its own characteristics and nuances. Tomatoes love warmth and sunlight, but not heat!

When the bushes begin to bear fruit, the volume of water can be gradually increased. However, experienced gardeners do not recommend getting carried away, since high humidity in the greenhouse can provoke the development of late blight and other fungal diseases.

What water to water

Advantages of drip irrigation:

It is better to water the tomato at the root, which gives a sufficient amount of water to the whole plant and at the same time the air humidity remains the same.

Video "Watering Tomatoes"

In addition, a solution of potassium permanganate can be added to the water.

How to water tomatoes in a greenhouse and maintain normal air humidity

At the initial stage, moderate watering is needed, about a teaspoon of water per plant;

Watering late at night and leaving the greenhouse closed to avoid hypothermia will increase the humidity in the air, which is harmful to tomatoes.
Let's repeat:

Features of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

So:
So:Tap water is very hard and can reduce acid balance and soil temperature. You can also water it in the morning, the main thing is to monitor the temperature of the water.
The frequency of watering a tomato plant outdoors depends on how quickly it dries. It is necessary to moisturize it abundantly, once a week - this will be enough, provided it does not rain. If there is any precipitation, you need to do it less often. There should be enough liquid in the ground after the moment of setting and before the tomato stops pouring. If you do not water the tomatoes in the open field on time, then they will be small, and even worse, they can completely fall off the ovaries. They can be irrigated not often, but the main thing is to do it correctly.
We rarely water tomatoes in the open field, but abundantly - about twice a week. How to water tomatoes in the heat? It is customary here to proceed from the climatic features of the area, since in different regions the heat occurs at different times. Seedlings that have just been planted in the beds need moist soil, so they should be watered more often. We adhere to the same regime during the setting of tomato fruits. And in between we water, as usual - twice a week.

• Moisture penetration exactly to the roots
• Water for watering a tomato should be settled and warm, preferably at the same temperature as the soil.

Watering frequency largely depends on weather conditions:

Before planting seedlings, the prepared holes are abundantly watered;

• In the photo - late blight of tomatoes, often affecting them due to high humidity
  Very young plants need to grow. Their still shallow roots are not able to reach moisture at great depths, so they need to be watered as the topsoil dries out;

Hose watering plants can be difficult to dispense the amount of water. This method is also inconvenient because on large areas the hose has to be pulled far, risking damage to the fit;

Irrigation rules for tomatoes

Tomatoes are moisture-loving plants, but they also tolerate short dry periods quite well;

Watering methods

What water to water tomatoes with also plays an important role. After planting the plants outdoors, water them once or twice every week. A sufficient amount is approximately five liters for one bush. The most ideal option for watering a tomato is rainwater.
And when the tomatoes have developed and grown, then the lack of moisture in them can lead to the fact that they crack.
As well as in greenhouse conditions, tomatoes in the open field do not like "soul". So you need to water only the aisles of the plants, avoiding moisture on the leaves and stems. As for the water, it should be warmed up, ideally to the temperature of the soil. For example, if the earth has warmed up to + 24⁰, then the water temperature should be about the same.

• Reduction of water consumption

Hose watering is not recommended as it can damage the roots of the plant.

• When it is sunny, it is enough to water the tomatoes once a week, spending 3 to 5 liters of water for each plant;If the seedlings are hardened, then they do not need to be shaded, but they need to be watered once a day. Such seedlings will be sufficient from 2 to 3 liters of water per well;
  But the daytime watering takes place with sufficiently warmed water, and after it you can have time to ventilate the greenhouse before the onset of the evening coolness.
• During planting of seedlings in a greenhouse, tomatoes are watered very abundantly, pouring up to 5 liters of water on each plant. After that, you do not need to water for 7-10 days;
  The water pressure from the hose should be moderate

In different periods of the growing season, watering rates should be different: young seedlings are watered often, but in moderation, adult plants - not often, but abundantly. And during the ripening period of fruits, tomatoes should not lack moisture;

Gardeners recommend insisting water for irrigation in containers, and then adding fertilizers to it in the form of manure or weeds. This will make the water much softer.

Irrigation frequency

Tomatoes do not need to be moistened frequently after planting.
When to water tomatoes? Early morning or evening, before sunset. In hot weather, it is better to postpone watering, but in cloudy weather, the watering time does not matter. Indeed, in the absence of the sun, moisture cannot evaporate before it is absorbed into the soil. Watering should be alternated with loosening - tomato roots need air access.

• Exclusion of soil leaching and salinization
• To reduce the hardness of the water, it can be mixed with manure or compost. The best water for irrigating tomatoes is rainwater, which contains carbonic acid.

When fruits appear, water it 2 times a week.

• It is better to water seedlings in the morning, before the beginning of the sun;
  Of course, all these problems can be solved: the water can be heated if necessary, the greenhouse can be equipped with a fan heater, etc. And since there is often no need to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse, this procedure can be timed to coincide with weekends when you are constantly on the site.

Planting seedlings "in the mud"

• You can water from a bucket of a known volume and accurately dose the moisture, but carrying full buckets with you is also not very pleasant.

What time of day is it better to water tomatoes

Especially carefully you need to monitor soil moisture with dense plantings of seedlings
On the record, an experienced gardener talks about the correct watering of tomatoes that are grown in the open field.
In the open field, you also do not need to pour water often. It will be correct to do this less often, but with an abundant amount of water. This is a basic rule to be followed immediately after planting. But if often and in small portions - this is not right, moreover, such watering can negatively affect the fruits.
The main purpose of feeding tomatoes is to saturate the plants with nutrients for good fruit yields. This can be either fertilizing the soil or foliar feeding. In addition, an important task for every gardener is the fight against crop diseases. For this, it is better to choose not chemical preparations, but proven "folk" remedies.

Minimization of physical effort for irrigation

Let's consider each of them in more detail.
The frequency of watering also depends on the variety of tomato:

Conclusion

If the watered earth has dried up during the day, then you can water it in the evening before sunset from 1 to 2 liters of water per hole. In this way, moisture in the root system will be retained.

We hope that the above information, as well as the video in this article, have helped you better understand one of the main questions for growing tomatoes. In addition to watering, they also need other care, but you will learn more about this from other materials on the site.

Before the formation of ovaries and fruits, tomatoes also do not need frequent watering. During this period, you yourself must decide how many times to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse, observing their condition.

In addition, both of these methods lead to the formation of a crust on the surface of the earth as it dries, and to the need for frequent loosening.

Watering tomato seedlings

Advice. You can easily determine if the plants have enough moisture: if the upper leaves begin to curl, urgent watering of the tomato in the greenhouse is necessary. But the cracks on the fruits indicate the opposite - the frequency or intensity of watering should be reduced.

Such a crop is the result of proper care and watering.

If there is a strong heat in the daytime, it is better to water the tomatoes after it subsides, literally before sunset. Since at night the liquid is well absorbed by the root system of the plant.

• Regular baker's yeast contains minerals, organic iron, and various trace elements. To feed the tomato, you need to prepare a special solution - we take a kilogram of yeast for five liters of water. Before watering, such a solution must be diluted with water again (1: 100). Top dressing is carried out in the spring, when the plants are actively growing. However, along with feeding, ash must be added, since yeast tends to absorb potassium from the soil.

• Watering a tomato from bottles is a type of drip irrigation, which is based on the use of ordinary plastic bottles and a little labor of your hands.
• The better to water tomatoes
• Low-growing varieties are not watered very abundantly and eventually cease to water at all, which results in an almost simultaneous harvest;
• But the seedlings should not be poured, since the soil will become dense, there will be no access to oxygen, which will cause it to wither.

Tomatoes are watered abundantly, but rarely. This watering forms a good strong root system.

Irrigation can be rare, 1-2 times a week, but very plentiful so that moisture penetrates to a depth of 15-20 cm;

However, this can be avoided by mulching the tomato in the beds;

It is very important to keep the humidity around 60%. If it is almost impossible to protect tomatoes from high humidity in damp weather in the open air, then in a greenhouse, it would seem, they are not afraid of the vagaries of nature.

Many summer residents agree that growing tomatoes is a rather difficult business in our climatic conditions. This culture is sensitive to the slightest changes in the environment, responding to them with diseases, wilting, crushing of fruits.

By the appearance of the plant, you can determine with the naked eye whether it has enough moisture. With a lack of it, the leaves will become darker and wilted. When the fruits begin to set, the amount of water during watering will need to be increased.

How to get rid of an onion fly permanently - the best ways are here

How often to water tomatoes

How to organize watering of a tomato from bottles? The video shows in detail the manufacturing process of such a homemade irrigation system.

• For a small greenhouse, it is best suited
• Tall varieties are watered every 4 days, 10 liters per plant.

Pay attention

• If tomatoes are watered a little and often, then the roots will take moisture from the soil surface and will not be strong and deep.

• Attention! After watering, carefully observe the microclimate in the greenhouse and when the humidity rises, be sure to ventilate it by opening all the vents.

The most worthy way looks like drip irrigation of a tomato in a greenhouse, and there are several reasons for this. This is the exclusion of physical labor and the preservation of the structure of the upper soil layer, and the absence of excess fumes, leading to high humidity.

But here there is a risk of a greenhouse effect, when, after abundant irrigation, moisture actively evaporates, settling on fruits and leaves. Therefore, the instruction on how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse recommends doing regular ventilation.

How to water tomatoes

It is much easier to create suitable conditions for them in protected ground, but even here certain rules must be strictly followed. In this article, we'll talk about how to water tomatoes in a greenhouse.

No matter how much you watch a video about planting, growing and caring for tomatoes, it's easier than reading an article - nothing will happen. After planting tomatoes in open ground, the best way to water them is by drip.

• A solution of raw milk with iodine will reliably "scare away" many garden pests. Such a product must be applied as a spray, after which the leaves are covered with a thin film of lactose and milk sugar. This repels insects and avoids the penetration of diseases. The recipe for iodine-milk solution: water (4 l), milk (1 l) and iodine (15 drops).

• Watering the tomato with bottles
• Manual watering
• Pay attention

If, a day after watering, the soil is damp or compacted, then you need to reduce the amount of water.

In addition, you can not water often, as the fruits of the tomatoes will crack and will be watery, so they begin to be discarded, and fungi appear on too wet soil. But with rare watering, when the soil dries up, the fruits also begin to crack, and the bush itself rots from above.

When the tomatoes start to sing, frequent watering can speed up ripening. But here it is important not to overdo it, since various fungal diseases can develop from excess moisture (see Diseases of tomatoes: their varieties and how to deal with them), for example, late blight.And the watering itself occurs slowly and evenly, avoiding drying out and waterlogging.Based on these conditions, and should take care of the plants.

The decision to grow tomatoes in protected from external influences is made depending on the climatic zone of the region and weather conditions, which can vary greatly from year to year. However, they are planted in greenhouses not only in northern latitudes or in the middle lane.This method is very easy to equip with your own hands. Plastic bottles make your life easier. When using this method, the yield increases. It also has a beneficial effect on the safety of fruits and plants from the disease of the top rot. It will be correct if you add literally two or three pinches of ash per ten liters of liquid to the water for irrigation. Also, for a good harvest, you can sprinkle ash around the plants.

How to properly water cucumbers so that they do not turn yellow and bitter, see here

• Automatic irrigation system
• Using a hose or watering can. Despite a certain "laboriousness" of the process, with the help of manual irrigation, each tomato bush will be provided with water in the required volume. However, it should be remembered that the water should not be too cold, so you need to take it settled in a barrel. When watering, direct the hose only to the roots to avoid sunburn.
• ​​
• If the tomato seedlings are not hardened, then they just need to be shaded both from the sun and from the wind. To do this, you can use agrofiber, spandbond or shading mesh.

Watering tomatoes with bottles - a master class on video

Watering the seedlings depends on the quality of the seedlings, the quality of the soil and the weather. Tomato seedlings are watered every day for 7-10 days. As soon as the seedlings have hardened and started to grow, you need to loosen the soil carefully and shallowly.

This is one of the most controversial issues. Not everyone thinks about him simply because they can work on the site and in the greenhouse only in the evenings, while at work in the morning and afternoon.

Advice. If you do not have the opportunity to equip a greenhouse with a drip system, the price of which is quite high, you can use its primitive analogue: dig in a cut-off plastic bottle without a lid near each plant and water through it. Water will flow evenly to the roots without wetting the ground.

Experienced growers who have been growing tomatoes for a long time literally feel the state of their pets and know when they need to be watered, and when it is better not to do this, but they are not always unanimous in their opinion which type of irrigation is better and at what time of day to do it. Let's try to figure it out.In the south of the country, this culture suffers not so much from sudden frosts as from high humidity, leading to diseases.

How often to water tomatoes in the greenhouse

If you find a hard crust on the surface of the earth, be sure to loosen it immediately. This often happens after heavy watering or after a rainstorm. And if there is mowed mulch on the ground near your plants, then it is not necessary to loosen the ground every time.

Watering the tomato properly is an important part of growing crops. Follow our recommendations and you will be assured of abundant yields of fragrant red fruits.

Features of watering a tomato in the open field

- an excellent option for large polycarbonate greenhouses, in which tomatoes are usually grown on an "industrial" scale. The installation of such equipment can be entrusted to specialists or you can do it yourself, based on a previously drawn up plan for planting in a greenhouse. However, if you have a small greenhouse and grow tomatoes "for yourself", then it is better to choose a less expensive way of watering the tomato.

Drip irrigation

It is better to water along the furrows or directly under the root: no need to water the fruits, leaves, ovaries and stems, fungi may appear from such watering.

The better to water tomatoes - types of feeding

Shading is done all the time until the seedlings get stronger.

Watering tomatoes with yeast: nutritious feeding

Watering should be alternated with loosening about 3 after 3, that is, watered, loosened after 3 days, then watered again after 3 days, etc., until the tomato bushes become strong and tall.

In warm and hot weather, it doesn't really matter when to do this, but if it's cool outside, it's best to water in the middle of the day. Let us explain why.

Watering tomatoes with iodine and milk: a universal remedy

The neck of the bottle should be as close to the root system as possible

Tomatoes do not like very much when water gets on their stems and leaves, so they are always watered only at the root. It is clear that there is nothing to do with a watering can and sprinklers in a tomato greenhouse.

... And in greenhouses there is an opportunity to regulate and control the microclimate with your own hands.

The stream of water during irrigation should be directed to the planting site, that is, under the root.

Tomatoes, which should be properly planted and nurtured outdoors, are not a very demanding plant. The yield of any of the varieties directly depends on the method of growing seedlings and subsequent care.

Tomato, although not a capricious plant, but it does not tolerate excess moisture, is not friendly with the wind and drafts, while it requires heat and sun. Before you grow tomatoes in your garden, you should carefully read such a guide as the technology of growing tomatoes. Without knowledge in the field of gardening, you are unlikely to grow anything. Today we will tell you how to plant tomatoes correctly and tell you the secrets of growing.

Tomatoes are one of the most delicious vegetables used in many dishes. Many tomatoes were planted in the ground back in the 16th century in South America. In European countries, they were exclusively a decorative adornment of gardens, since their fruits were mistakenly considered poisonous. Today, this vegetable is widely used in cooking - salads, juices, pastas, marinades - this is not the whole list of goodies that can be prepared from this product. But in order for the tomato to be tasty and the dish turned out to be unsurpassed, it is required to grow it correctly, and not everyone succeeds.

Purchase and landing

Few know how to plant tomatoes correctly, therefore they make a lot of mistakes in this, which significantly affects the yield in the future.

The first and most important step is choosing the right seed or plant seedlings. When buying tomato seeds, pay attention to the "outdoor" label. Cultivars intended for cultivation in greenhouses will not survive in open field conditions and will die, and you will waste money, time and nerves. As for the term for growing tomatoes, it should be no more than 100 days. This fact must also be indicated on the packaging. Planting tomato seeds is a fairly simple task and is probably known to all garden lovers.

Growing tomatoes outdoors begins from the moment you remove the seedlings from greenhouse conditions and transplant them outdoors. Planting tomatoes in open ground is carried out from late May to early June. It is very important that there are no night frosts at this time, because this can ruin the entire crop.

Planting tomatoes should be carried out in non-acidic soils, avoid places where potatoes used to grow, the best option for growing tomatoes in open ground are beds where compost was previously taken out or was angrybut. If there is no such place on your site, then a week before planting tomatoes, prepare the soil by fertilizing and digging it well.

Primary watering and planting

Before planting tomatoes in the hole, you need to water it with a small amount of water and only then insert the seedlings there. The depth of the hole directly depends on the height of your seedlings. It is very important not to dig in whole seedlings. It is enough for you that part of the earth covers the soil pot.

2 weeks after planting in the ground, the seedlings are spudded to a depth of about 12 cm.In order for the tomatoes to fully grow in the open ground, develop and bear fruit, a distance of 30 cm is required between them.

If you do not know how to plant tomatoes correctly, and you are doing it for the first time, then we will reveal a secret to you. If your seedling turned out to be with thin stems and short stature, then it is recommended to plant it at a certain slope - this will allow the plant to gain the necessary mass in a short time.

Common varieties and care of tomatoes after planting

Growing tomatoes in the open field differs significantly depending on the type of tomato, and there are a huge variety of them.Modern science has more than 2000 types of tomatoes. 

The most common crops that give a good harvest in our conditions are the following:

• carpal tomatoes;
• hybrid species;
• ordinary tomato;
• beef tomatoes;
• cherry;
• green tomatoes;
• white and yellow species;
• ribbed and pepper-shaped tomatoes.

Speaking about the most "grateful" varieties, which will certainly appreciate the courtship of the hostesses, it is impossible not to mention the following types of tomatoes:

• Alexander - tall plants that give fruits weighing 150 g;
• Blagovest - early tomatoes, very resistant to diseases and pests;
• Waterfall - an ideal plant variety for pickling, but prone to diseases;
• Demidov - a large-fruited variety of tomatoes, which is characterized by a pleasant aftertaste of the fruit;
• Pickled delicacy - the name itself speaks of the value of the fruit, which has a pleasant taste and average size of the fruit;
• Midas - characterized by yellow and orange peppers;
• Search - a novelty of selection, this type of tomato is capable of producing up to 1 kg of fruit from one bush;
• Sultan - unpretentious to weather conditions and has a pleasant taste.

Each of the types of tomatoes has its own characteristics, but the care for their growth is little different. Planting tomatoes in open ground is only half of the work done. The main thing is how you care for the plant.

Outdoor tomato care is somewhat different from greenhouse care.

After planting, tomatoes can be watered for the first time after 10 days, so that they take root a little. It is recommended to water the tomatoes for the first time with a solution of potassium permanganate: this will not only feed the plants, but also make it possible to avoid contamination of tomatoes with harmful microorganisms.

In advance, you need to prepare small pegs for the plants that will help them climb up. Reinforcing bars can be used as props.

Planting tomatoes in open ground is a very stressful period for the plant, so weak specimens will immediately begin to wither. This fact indicates that tomatoes receive little sunlight after planting, but do not despair and do not dig anything out. In a couple of weeks, they will acquire a healthy appearance and will certainly delight you with good yields.

When and how to plant tomatoes in open ground (video)

How to trim stepsons after disembarkation

Caring for tomatoes in the open field requires special care: you need to constantly monitor the plant and not let your stepsons grow. Stepsons are lateral shoots that appear on the plant after some time. These processes take up nutrients and water. If they grow, then this plant will not bear fruit. It is for this reason that it is very important to remove the processes before they become more than 5 cm.

If you cut off the stepsons more than 5 cm, then you can cause severe stress to the plant, since after that a wound may remain and the tomato will wither. A tomato in the open field will bear fruit successfully if you carefully follow the above instructions for caring for the plant. Little stepsons need to be removed in sunny weather, since the wounds from them heal much faster during this period. If you want to grow the highest yielding tomatoes, then this stage of tomato growth cannot be ignored.

Growing tomatoes outdoors requires cutting off new leaves on the stems that appear with the first color. After planting tomatoes in the ground, wait a couple of weeks, and then remove half of the small leaves.

Planting tomato seedlings in the ground (video)

Pollination of tomato flowers

Speaking about how to plant tomatoes correctly, I would like to separately mention the topic of pollination. In order to attract pollinating insects to the tomato inflorescence, it is recommended to plant honey plants on the same beds, for example, the following:

• mustard;
• rape;
• coriander;
• basil and others.

These plants are said to not only help grow the tomato quickly, but also give it a specific sweet flavor. To activate pollination of tomatoes in open ground, it is recommended to shake the plant stem 2 times a day.

Do I need to pick leaves from tomatoes (video)

Correct watering of seedlings

The method of growing tomatoes and their yield directly depends on the quality and quantity of irrigation. Low-growing varieties of tomatoes need to be watered 4 times:

• at the beginning of growth (after disembarkation);
• after 20 days of their growth;
• after flowering;
• at the end of June (if planted in May).

The technology of growing tomatoes of different varieties, in principle, differs only in the amount of watering and the amount of fertilizer. Tall varieties of tomatoes need to be watered a little more often than normal ones. If the weather is dry, then watering is required every 3 days. It is very important to use infused water when growing tomatoes in greenhouses. Never use tap water, cold water, or liquid just drawn from a well. This will negatively affect the growth of the plant and ruin your crop.

The most optimal watering option, if you planted a tomato in open ground, is a technique that involves a trench. In a row planted with tomatoes in the open field, a shallow trench is laid and filled with water. Each plant from that trench will take for itself the amount of liquid that it needs.

How to water tomatoes (video)

Fertilizing tomatoes

The topic of fertilization is very relevant in such a process as agricultural technology for growing tomatoes. Many are mistaken, mistakenly believing that tomatoes require fertilization only before planting. When growing tomatoes in the open field, you need to pay attention to their appearance. He has a lot to say about the plant. And it is precisely in appearance that conclusions can be drawn about the yield of tomatoes in the current year.

The distance between the plants must be exactly observed, because in the future there may be problems with fertilization. There are times when some of the plants gain too much weight in the stem or leaves, while the rest, on the contrary, are too skinny. In such situations, each of the plants needs to be influenced individually. Those plants that are very dry need nitrogen fertilization, and those that gain weight too quickly suffer from an excess of nitrogen, so they need to be fertilized with phosphates. To get the most fruitful fruits of tomatoes, it is recommended to fertilize the plants with ash, but only during flowering.

There are cases when the plant develops very poorly even at optimal air temperature. This means that you have chosen the wrong soil.

This often happens if a river flows nearby. The soil is simply too cold for growing tomatoes. In order to correct the current situation, it can be insulated using horse manure. It is very important to fertilize tomatoes with manure or chicken droppings after the plant has taken out lateral roots, that is, not earlier than a month after planting.

Do not forget to remove the color after planting the tomato in open ground. In plants that develop in a greenhouse, the color is retained for 1 week longer and only after that it is removed.

Diseases of ground tomatoes and methods for their determination

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to achieve the desired result and the yield of tomatoes planted in the ground. This happens in most cases due to pests and diseases that overtake plants.

Among the most common diseases that can affect the growth and productivity of tomatoes, the following can be noted:

• late blight;
• macrosporiosis;
• streak;
• septoria;
• late blight;
• stolbur;
• top rot.

You already know how to grow tomatoes. But there are many parasites that can harm your garden's yield. The most zealous pest of tomatoes is the bear. This is a small-sized cricket, which with its front legs is somewhat reminiscent of a mole. The pest gnaws through the roots of the plant underground and harms their growth.

The lack of nutrients in the plant and the effect of pests and diseases on it can be recognized by the following criteria:

• hard fruits, small leaves and yellow stem or leaves indicate insufficient nitrogen;
• tomato leaves wrapped inside indicate a lack of phosphorus;
• curly leaves of a plant are a sign of a lack of potassium;
• yellow spots on the leaves are a sign of phytophtosis or lack of calcium in the soil;
• red leaves - signs of sulfur starvation of the plant or the effect of septoria on it;
• brown spots on the leaves and black veins in the places where the stem grows indicate such a parasite as whitefly and a lack of boron;
• a stop in the growth of tomatoes may indicate that the plant does not have enough iron.

How to plant tomatoes in open ground (video)

Harvesting ground tomatoes

The final stage in tomato cultivation, which begins with the outdoor planting of tomatoes, is harvesting. It is this moment that is the result of your caring for tomatoes in the open field, the correctness of their planting and fertilization. The harvest of tomatoes in the open field, as a rule, occurs at the end of August. At this time, it is required to collect brown tomatoes. Do not touch green fruits: this will harm the plant.Do not keep ripe tomatoes for too long in the open field: this will reduce the yield, since ripe tomatoes will continue to choose water and nutrients for themselves, and fruits that are not yet ripe will be limited in this.

Reviews about growing tomatoes in open ground indicate that before planting tomatoes in open ground, you need to paint a schedule for their watering and fertilization. This concludes the instructions for growing tomatoes in open ground. Regardless of which type of tomato you choose to grow, your patience and care will do the trick, and you are sure to get a huge harvest of such a delicious vegetable as a tomato. Indeed, it is indeed much tastier to consume fruits grown with your own hands than those bought on the market.

Tomatoes are a favorite and very grateful culture that pleases gardeners with a variety of shapes, sizes, colors, and tastes. To grow a beautiful healthy bush, you need to do a lot of operations, clearly, correctly, but, most importantly, with love.

Watering is a procedure no less important than planting seedlings. With its help, you can compensate for what we receive from nature, correct our own errors, but you can also kill everything that you have achieved through hard work. Tomatoes are very sensitive to moisture. Differing from many crops in relative drought tolerance, they can react completely unexpectedly to improper watering.

Hearing the saying “to water the garden”, a grandmother in a hat with a hose in her hands immediately appears in her imagination, who, putting her finger into a stream of water, sprays it on green plants. Such watering is pleasant for its coolness, it is interesting in the creation of gushing splashes, but it is categorically unacceptable for tomatoes. This culture needs moisture to the roots, not the aerial part. The hose or drip system is laid near the plant so that all moisture goes into the ground, and not to the sides or onto the tomatoes. Wet leaves, stems, and even nearby plants are an excellent environment for fungal infections to develop. Therefore, rain for open field tomatoes is sometimes destructive.

For country gardens, where the amount of water is strictly limited, there is a very correct economical way of watering. In the row between the plants, plastic bottles with pre-burnt holes in the walls and bottom are buried with their neck up. This procedure must be done together with the planting of seedlings, so as not to injure the roots later.

Every weekend, the owner will be able to pour 2-3 liters of water, which is enough for a growing tomato for a week. A stopper is put on the neck to prevent evaporation, but it does not twist. When the root system drops below the level of the bottle, the tomato will be able to extract moisture on its own. This method is primitive, but completely satisfies the needs - it is humid at the bottom, dry at the top.

How often to water?

The frequency of watering depends on many factors - age, air temperature, the amount of precipitation in a given area last fall, winter and spring. Even different varieties of tomatoes require different amounts of water. So, for example, the determinant "Sanka" manages to ripen in the spring moisture, not requiring watering at all under the condition of a snowy winter. A beautiful fruitful variety "Goldfish" with elongated fruits of bright yellow color will please you with the first tomato only by the end of July. And before frost it will have to regularly create aquarium conditions for a three-meter "fish".

There are certain watering rules that are followed under all circumstances:

1. When planting, pour up to 1 liter of water into each hole, even if the ground is wet. This supply will be required by new fast-growing roots in the next 2-3 days. If the weather is hot, dry, the young plant needs to be shaded, but not watered during this period. This trick stimulates the growth of deep roots instead of superficial ones. On the third day after planting, once again abundantly moisten the soil around the stalk. It should be soaked in moisture to the roots.

2. Watering is required when applying dressings and fertilizers. First, the plant more fully assimilates the proposed nutrition from a humid environment. Secondly, with water, trace elements are evenly distributed in the ground, and young roots that are drawn to moisture will be fed with useful additives. Thirdly, with the slightest overdose of drugs, water will save the plant from burns.

3. Watering is not necessary before harvesting, as ripe fruits acquire a watery taste. When removing stepchildren and lower leaves, moisture is also not needed. The wounds should dry out. In addition, increased sap flow after watering will provoke the re-growth of shoots from the same sinuses.

4. If fruit is left on the plant for seeds, watering stops. The seeds should ripen for at least 10 days "in their own juice."

How many times to water tomatoes?

As they grow and develop, tomatoes themselves inform the observant host when they are thirsty. If the fruits cease to grow in size, the flowers crumble without giving an ovary, the leaves wither and curl up into a tube, urgently moisten the area! Do not pour a large amount of water at once - the surviving tomatoes will crack and fall off. It is better to do this in 2 days.

If the tomatoes have gained an impressive size, but do not turn red, the height of the bush exceeds the indicators for this variety, the shoots are actively growing, but only the lower fruit cluster is tied up, excessive watering is obvious. It is necessary to "dry" the plants for 7-10 days, cut off all the lower leaves to the ovary, remove the stepchildren, tie up the shoots so that they do not touch each other. Waterlogging is dangerous due to late blight.

There is another wisdom to understand if a plant needs watering. Dig a 5 cm hole between the tomato bushes - the depth from which the roots draw moisture. If the soil is damp, you need to water it no earlier than every other day.

The most correct natural way to grow strong healthy tomatoes is to mulch the site with organic matter. Grass, hay, weeds are placed between vegetables in a layer of about 10 cm and completely cover the ground from the scorching rays of the sun. The lower layer gradually decays, fertilizing and loosening the soil, and new plant residues are added on top.

How to water mulched tomatoes outdoors?

Mulch-covered tomatoes should be watered only in case of prolonged drought and temperatures above 30 degrees. The organic layer on the soil creates a barrier to moisture evaporation. During the day, in the heat, the droplets hang from below on the dry grass covering the beds, and at night they drain back into the ground. Such a cycle makes it possible not to resort to irrigation at all during the average summer precipitation.

Tomatoes, which are planned to be grown under mulch, are watered 3 times - when planting seedlings, on the 3rd day of stay in the open field and before mulching. With the third watering, they first moisten the earth, then lay out the organic matter and water it again over the mulch. For control, once a week it is necessary to raise the vegetation layer and make sure that the soil is moist. If the soil still dries up, you need to water the area abundantly and increase the organic layer.

Water is the key to life, growth and development. This applies to all living things. As a person needs to drink, so plants need constant watering. And tomatoes are no exception. They are most often grown in a greenhouse. However, outdoor cultivation can also often be found in areas of the country. It is slightly different from what happens in greenhouses and greenhouses in greenhouses, it has its own specifics. Therefore, it is important to know everything about watering outdoor tomatoes.

The importance of proper watering

How well tomatoes grow in your area depends on their nutrition. Of course, the best way to deliver nutrients to them is in the form of solutions, so watering rules are especially important.

The method of watering from plastic bottles will help provide tomatoes with moisture when the garden owner cannot be on the site every day.

In general, the irrigation rate in each case is set differently depending on the growing conditions. However, there are optimal conditions for the growth and development of a tomato that need to be considered. Air humidity should be in the range of 45-50%, and soil moisture 85-90%.

It is easy enough to check these conditions manually. At a shallow depth, part of the earth is taken and rolled with your fingers. If a lump is easily and quickly formed, destroyed by light pressing of the fingers, then everything is observed.

Why is balance so important? Everything is very simple. With an excessive moisture content in the soil, tomatoes will begin to lose their sugar content and become watery. This will create an excellent flora for the multiplication of various bacteria and fungi. Cracks will appear on the fruits, and the fruits themselves will begin to fall off. Overdried land will not lead to good either. The buds and ovaries will begin to crumble, cracks will appear in the fruits again, and there will be a threat of being affected by the top rot.

Watering frequency

A lot of things depend on this factor. It is important to know the measure, since deviation from it can cause a significant delay in plant development. For example, some gardeners, who have the opportunity to constantly look after their plantings, water tomatoes often and little by little. This leads to the fact that the soil temperature drops, and the air humidity rises to 80-100%, which is almost twice the norm. This is especially bad for plants during the period of their getting used to a new place after planting seedlings. During flowering, this can lead to massive loss of flowers and ovaries. In the best case, the fruit will set more slowly due to the impaired pollination of the flowers.

Remember that in the open field, tomatoes grow roots that are much longer than their greenhouse counterparts - up to 1-1.5 meters. This happens especially quickly in dry weather, when the plant goes deep in search of moisture.

It turns out that the tomato is trying to feed itself, which means that it does not require such frequent watering. The option with two watering during the week will be considered correct. Sometimes even once is enough, but it must be abundant in order to supply the plant with water for the next week. It is especially good to grow tomatoes in loam, since such a heavy soil can retain moisture for a long time and retain it in large quantities.

It is better to water the tomato at the root in order to better saturate the root system with moisture

Basic Rules

Watering efficiency depends on several factors. One of them is the type of watering - at the root. This is done in order to saturate the plant with the necessary moisture and at the same time keep the air humidity at the desired level. Watering can also be carried out along the furrows, as long as only drops of water do not fall on the stems and leaves of the tomato. In case of contact with the leaves, the drops turn into lenses, through which the tomato will be burned in the sun. This, in turn, will only accelerate the development of late blight.

As for the air humidity, when watering at the root, it will be maintained at the required level, which will prevent fungal diseases from developing.

The sprinkling method, actively practiced by gardeners, will not work here, since it will not have the best effect on the growth and development of the tomato.

Photo gallery of tomato watering rules

In order for tomatoes to grow correctly and without diseases, you need to water them with settled warm water, which should be approximately equal to the temperature of the soil. Typically, this value varies between 24-26 degrees. Attempting to water the tomatoes with a hose results in a drop in soil temperature, an acid balance disorder and root damage. The best option is to irrigate with rainwater, which contains carbonic acid.This has a softening effect, unlike tap water, which is too hard. If there is no alternative, mix it with a little manure, compost, and weeds to achieve softening.

The weather directly affects the watering time of the plants. In bright sun, it is better to wait for the evening and water it a few hours before sunset. For the rest of the evening and night, the water is well absorbed and absorbed by the plants. In cloudy weather, watering time does not matter.

Mulching will help retain moisture for as long as possible. As a mulching material, you can choose either special films like spunbond or organic residues. So straw, collected weeds and compost, laid on top of the garden in a layer of five centimeters, will significantly retain moisture in the top layer of the soil and allow it to remain friable, while reducing the number of growing weeds. In addition, this composition will begin to decompose over time and will provide the soil with all the necessary nutrients.

Straw mulch helps retain moisture in the topsoil for longer

Determine the amount of water

To determine the amount of water for optimal irrigation, you need to consider how well the soil retains moisture, weather conditions, the presence of mulch, the type of plants and their age, as well as the planting pattern.

You can draw certain conclusions by looking at the appearance of tomato bushes. With a lack of moisture, the color of the leaves darkens, and in dry weather, wilting begins. The lethargy of the leaves is the first sign by which you can understand that the time has come for urgent watering.

During the formation of ovaries, as well as during the period of rapid development, tomatoes are especially in need of moisture. If it hasn't rained all week, the bushes can be watered once, spending three to five liters of water each. At the onset of the fruiting period, it is necessary to prevent the soil from drying out. This requires watering twice at the same rate of water consumption per bush.

Tomatoes especially need water during the period of active growth and fruit setting.

Watering short and tall varieties

The situation is somewhat different with watering bushes of small and large heights. At the beginning of fruiting, low-growing varieties are watered with much less water, and after a while watering is stopped. This allows you to achieve a harmonious return of the crop and increase its volume. Tomatoes will not crack, and they will be protected from late blight and brown spot. Tall varieties are distinguished by the fact that already formed, and ripening, and already growing fruits grow on them at the same time. When the first wave of fruits ripens, watering is maintained at the same level. Tall varieties are watered every four days, spending 10 liters for each bush. With such a volume of water, the fruits reach their largest sizes.

Watering low-growing tomatoes is somewhat different from watering medium- and tall-growing

All the factors listed above should tell you what frequency and rate of water consumption should be set in your case, since only you decide which variety to plant and in what place. Compliance with the rules of watering allows you to grow a high-quality crop and avoid diseases. A good harvest is the best indicator of your work in the season.