Chrysanthemums spherical planting and care in the open field in the fall

Ball-shaped chrysanthemums were bred quite recently for growing in gardens, and in a short time they managed to gain great popularity. These flowers are distinguished by their exceptional decorativeness and, at the same time, are unpretentious in their care. The flower feels great outdoors and does not cause much trouble with planting.

Varieties and varieties

Recently, spherical chrysanthemums have enjoyed unprecedented popularity. And the number of varieties reaches four thousand hybrids of all kinds of colors, including blue and green shades. Only viewing numerous photos will help you decide on the choice of a variety. Low bushes of chrysanthemums are densely dotted with flowers, which gives them a special charm. These plants bloom from August to the very frost.

The bushes of such a chrysanthemum are in the shape of a ball, densely covered with flowers.

Some of the common varieties are:

1. "Ida" is a ball-shaped bush up to 60 cm tall, dotted with small (up to 3 cm in diameter) flowers. Blooms from September.
2. "Knop" - is distinguished by abundant flowering. A short bush (30-35 cm) during flowering is completely covered with yellow flowers, the number of which reaches 160 flowers at a time.
3. Multiflora is the most widespread variety. Small flowers have a very wide range of colors. Blooms from early September.

Planting a globular chrysanthemum

When grown from seeds, chrysanthemums lose varietal properties, therefore these flowers are planted with shoots. The place for the plant must be chosen illuminated. In the shade, the flower can stretch out and change the timing of flowering. Chrysanthemum prefers nutritious and loose soil. In addition, good drainage will also play an important role in the development of the plant.

Spherical chrysanthemums propagate by cuttings

Planting cuttings is best on days when the sun is out. If this is not possible, then for a few days after planting it is advisable to shade the plant a little, but in such a way that the shelter and the cuttings do not touch. Shoots are planted in pits up to 40 cm deep. The hole must be well watered, a drainage layer should be laid and covered with a mixture of earth and vermicompost in a ratio of 20: 1. It is not necessary to overburden the sprouts.

Advice. If you are planting a tall variety, then take care of the support.

Chrysanthemum care

Often, gardeners recommend a pinching procedure on the 20th day after planting in the ground.To do this, it is necessary to remove the upper part of the shoot, on which several nodes are located. Pinching is done in order to form a spherical shape of the bush. However, there are also such growers who argue that the form is genetically embedded in this type of chrysanthemum, and pinching can be omitted.

Water the plant often, but not liberally.

Watering plays a significant role in proper care. Compliance with simple rules will preserve the splendor of spherical chrysanthemums and prevent lignification of young shoots. In the hot summer, chrysanthemums need frequent but moderate watering.

Advice. Chrysanthemums will be grateful if you water them with rain or settled water.

Despite the fact that spherical chrysanthemums are a perennial culture, it is not recommended to grow it in one place for more than two years in a row. This leads to the degeneration of the variety and the modification of the shape of the bush, the shoots are stretched out and turn pale. Therefore, it is recommended to dig up the plant every two years, divide and replant. This is especially true in the southern regions, where the plant is left for wintering in the open field.

Perennial chrysanthemums should be transplanted to a new location every 2 years.

After the chrysanthemums have faded, the stems are cut to 10 cm and the chrysanthemum is prepared for wintering. In the southern regions, flowers are simply left in the ground, without additional preparations. In the middle lane, the plant can be covered for the winter with spruce branches or other covering material, if the temperature does not drop too low in winter. If the winters are harsh and, moreover, snowless, it is recommended to dig up chrysanthemums for wintering and transplant them into flowerpots, which are stored in a dark, cool place until spring.

Attention. If there is fungus or mold in the basement or cellar in which you plan to leave the chrysanthemum for the winter, this can destroy the plant. To avoid the appearance of unwanted organisms, it is necessary to equip good ventilation, and treat the damaged walls with copper sulfate or used engine oil.

You can wake up a chrysanthemum in a flowerpot as early as April, and the shelter must be removed from the garden right after the onset of heat in order to prevent the flowers from getting wet.

Fertilization and feeding

Globular chrysanthemums are among those flowers that are better undernourished than overfed. Therefore, gardeners recommend feeding a one-time feeding - in the spring at the beginning of the season. Most often, organic matter is used for this - humus or mullein. If the plant still looks weak, you can apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, but only before the formation of buds.

Feed your chrysanthemums with organic fertilizers

Reproduction of spherical chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums can be propagated in three ways:

1. Cuttings.
2. Division of the rhizome.
3. Division of the bush.

Seed propagation, as mentioned above, is not recommended due to the fact that the plant loses all varietal characteristics.

Flowers are transplanted in the spring, when the frost is completely gone. If the plant has wintered in the ground, then during this period it must be dug up and divided. It is recommended to plant the plots in a new place, at a distance of 50 cm from each other.

When replanting a chrysanthemum, give it enough time to root before frost.

You can propagate the plant at the end of summer, but the time must be calculated so that the chrysanthemum has time to take root before winter. If you are not sure that this is possible, it is better to plant young plants in flowerpots, and leave them to winter in a room where the temperature in winter is 4-7 C. Under these conditions, the chrysanthemum is guaranteed to overwinter and in spring young bushes can be planted in the open priming.

Advice. Remember to regularly water your plants that have been planted for the winter.

Cutting is best done in February. At this time, chrysanthemums must be planted in the greenhouse and increased watering. When young shoots appear, you need to choose the strongest ones. The length of the shoots should not exceed 10 cm.Cut cuttings are planted in a prepared mixture of sand, garden soil and humus and covered with glass or film. After 3-4 weeks, the plants are already enough to root for planting in pots, and when the last frosts have passed, the culture can be planted in open ground.

Diseases and pests

Chrysanthemum is quite resistant to various kinds of diseases, but it does not have one hundred percent immunity. Sometimes growers complain that the lower part of the plant stem is bare and the leaves turn black. This is the result of powdery mildew. It appears when waterlogged and too high density of the bush. In addition, a large temperature difference can be the cause. In case of defeat by this disease, it is necessary to treat the plants with preparations containing copper. You can also do preventive spraying in early summer.

Collect caterpillars from chrysanthemum bushes regularly

Occasionally, you may find that all the leaves on the plant turn brown and begin to dry out. This means that the plant has been burned. It is recommended to remove such a bush from the garden and burn it.

Examine the plant regularly for caterpillars that can harm the flowers by eating the buds. In case of invasions of caterpillars, spider mites and aphids, it is necessary to treat the plant with special preparations that are sold in gardening stores.

Fitosporin can be added to the water for irrigation for prevention purposes. This will prevent the appearance of root rot.

Globular chrysanthemums in landscape design and in combination with other plants

If you look at the numerous photos of spherical chrysanthemums, you can see that their use in landscape design is quite diverse.

When choosing a place for chrysanthemums, it is necessary to take into account the size of the bush. Tall plants will be better combined with the same tall neighbors, and short ones, respectively, with small plants. But experimenting should not be avoided. You can plant a bed of chrysanthemums of different heights and shades, placing smaller varieties in the foreground.

Spherical chrysanthemums with conifers look great. Bright, rounded shapes smooth and liven up austere evergreen crops.

Spherical chrysanthemum in landscape design

Low-rise varieties of this perennial flower are widely used to create mixed borders. In addition, they can mark the boundaries of the beds and paths.

The variety of colors of globular chrysanthemums allows you to experiment with color combinations. For example, a green lawn would be the perfect backdrop for white chrysanthemums. And yellow flowers will look spectacular against the background of emerald grass or silver leaves of noble elimus.

Spherical chrysanthemums in combination with cereals, marigolds or cosmea will look interesting.

In autumn, when most of the plants have already faded and are getting ready for the winter, bright flower beds, composed of chrysanthemums of various colors, will delight your eye with festive flowers. Plant yellows, reds, whites and pinks and enjoy a riot of colors.

Chrysanthemums of different colors look very beautiful on the same flower bed

Ball-shaped chrysanthemums are ideal for mixborders. In addition, these lush flowers can be used as a vibrant center of the lawn, along the edges of which cold-resistant plants such as snapdragon and calendula can be planted.

Sometimes gardeners grow chrysanthemums as a home potted flower. Vases with these flowers decorate terraces and balconies. But not all varieties are able to show their full potential in a confined space.

In general, caring for chrysanthemums does not burden and does not require any special skills and abilities. In order for these beautiful autumn flowers to delight you until the very frost, it is enough to follow simple rules. A little attention and patience - and your garden will be irresistible.

Globular chrysanthemum varieties: video

Types of chrysanthemum spherical: photo

All the secrets of spherical chrysanthemum, its cultivation and care will not take much time and effort. These wonderful plants bloom early, they are unpretentious and give your garden an unusual look.

Chrysanthemum globular or Chrysanthemum Multiflora is a relatively recently bred hybrid. Its height is about 50 cm and amazes observers with its bizarre shape. The fact is that the inflorescences take the shape of a regular ball and almost do not require pruning. The foliage is not visible at all, which means that wonderful flower balls will appear in your garden. In addition, they are unpretentious in care and can please the eye for 3 months: from August to October.

Varieties of chrysanthemums

There are several types of plants. Due to the fact that there are several varieties in growth and flowering periods, they remain so popular. Separate undersized, medium-sized and tall chrysanthemums. The first ones reach about 20-30 cm in height, the second 30-40, and the last 60-70 cm. The most common are medium-sized plants because of their moderate flowering and the ability to plant in completely different places. But undersized, you can decorate a garden, flower beds, a loggia, rooms and any room.

Chrysanthemums Multiflora are also distinguished by the flowering period. Early flowering blooms in August, mid-blooming in September, and late blooming chrysanthemums in late September and October. With the right selection of various species, you can provide yourself with a blooming flower bed all the time from summer to the onset of cold weather.

Spherical chrysanthemums

Growing chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum cultivation can take place both in pots and in the open field. If you decide to plant this plant, then it is worth remembering several important features of multiflora chrysanthemum when planting and caring for:

1. First of all, lighting is important. If the shrub is planted in a sunny area, it can prevent late and short-term flowering, as well as protect against the growth of long shoots.
2. The soil should be mixed with compost or humus to improve its fertility. It should be light and loose. But do not overdo it - chrysanthemums can grow a lot and bloom a little.
3. Chrysanthemum Multiflora should be planted on cloudy, sunny days, in summer - early in the morning or in the evening. The dug hole is first watered with high quality, then drainage is placed, and then soil. It is not worth planting a chrysanthemum too deep, since its root system is superficial, a fossa of about 40 cm will be sufficient.
4. After planting, the plant is pinched. The growth point is removed from him. The second pinching is done after 20 days, the shoot and a couple of nodes are removed. Some argue that the shape of the ball in the plant is genetically inherent, so pinching needs to be done only once, and the chrysanthemum will independently take the desired shape. Here each gardener decides on his own, but it is worth remembering that additional pinching does not harm the plant. In the early days, chrysanthemum globular needs shelter from the sun. Non-woven fabrics are used that will not touch the leaves of the plant.

Chrysanthemum care

In addition to pinching and a little shading, chrysanthemums need additional care. Flowers are not very whimsical and finicky, but if you take care of them correctly, you can improve the flowering period.

The soil needs fertilization. This is best done in the spring, during the growing season. Humus or mullein work well. But during the formation of buds, superphosphate is useful in a proportion of 50 g per 1 m². This is necessary for a longer and stronger flowering.

Chrysanthemum multicolor

It is necessary to water Multiflora often, as it loves moisture very much. On dry days, keep the ground moist and dry. For watering, it is better to use standing or rainwater with a few drops of ammonia for softness.

Most chrysanthemums can suffer from caterpillars.Therefore, pay attention to the appropriate chemicals and spray periodically to avoid caterpillar infestation.

If you find blackened leaves or bare stems on the bush, then this means that the soil of the plant is excessively moist, and the bush itself has too many inflorescences. All this is a sign of powdery mildew disease. At the first detection of this disease, it is worth taking the following steps immediately:

1. Tear off damaged stems and foliage.
2. Get rid of the upper soil, where the spores of the fungus damaging the plant are located, and replace it with a new one.
3. Spray the flowers with a copper-soapy solution. To do this, you need to dilute 10 g of copper sulfate in 250 ml of water and add to 10 liters of warm water, where you diluted 100 g of soap in advance. This solution is enough for 5-6 sprays with a break of 7 days.

The plant can get burned if there are high temperatures outside for a long time. You can recognize it if you notice yellowish or brown leaves that have begun to dry out. Such a sheet should be removed immediately. To protect chrysanthemum from root rot, Fitosporin should be added to the water for irrigation. Watering with such water can be used for prophylaxis or courses.

Chrysanthemum storage in winter

If you have spherical chrysanthemums, then how to preserve them in winter is the only thing that requires increased attention and strength. If many varieties of chrysanthemums can easily overwinter in open soil, Microflora is not capable of this. It can endure the winter only in a warm southern climate, where the temperature drops slightly below 0. In most regions of Russia, they need to be dug out in the fall before the onset of severe frosts. And in order for them to stand and please the eye longer, they need to be covered with polyethylene in the evening, especially if low temperatures are expected at night.

The digging of chrysanthemums should be started before a strong cold snap, when the upper part is dry, which means that the bush has retired. To do this, you first need to cut off its stems, and place the roots in a box with earth, sawdust or sand. Such boxes are stored in dark places with a recommended temperature of -3 to +5 C. Cellars are suitable, but if they are not available, then the space in refrigerators for vegetables will do. The ground should not be too wet or dry. At the end of April, the plant wakes up when it is exposed to the sun and warmth without any shelter. And if the soil warms up, then you can safely plant it again.

Even if the plants grow in a room and are cultivated indoors, they also need extra winter care. For chrysanthemums, the overdried air of apartments will be destructive, so they also need to be cut off and placed in the basement. But make sure it is free of mold and mildew. Check the ventilation and air ducts in advance, and if there are traces of fungus on the floor or any surface, they need to be removed, and this place should be rinsed with a solution of copper sulfate or already used machine oil to prevent the death of flowers.

Plant propagation

The best way to propagate spherical chrysanthemums is to reproduce by dividing the rhizomes, because they do not retain varietal characteristics when planted with seeds. A few years later, the plant has dense shoots and stops developing, which means it loses its decorative effect. This means it's time to update it. The right time for this is spring, when the bush is ready to plant. To do this, you need to divide the appeared leaves into several identical parts. Sprinkle the cut area immediately with ash so as not to get infected with the chrysanthemum.

And if you need several shoots at once, then cuttings are suitable for this. Before the plant begins to bloom, it is necessary to cut off the densest branches and lower them into settled water or wet sand. After a few days, these cuttings form new roots and can be transplanted into fertile soil. Thus, Multiflora also reproduces perfectly.It can be replanted in summer and early fall. It is only important to give it time to take root in the soil before the first temperature drops. Or immediately prepare plants in the house in special flowerpots or pots.

Benefits of the globular chrysanthemum

Multiflora is a favorite plant of many gardeners for many reasons. It is used in many areas of gardening and landscape design due to its relative ease of care and unpretentiousness. But besides, they are very easy to combine with various colors and look advantageous in almost any flower bed. Still, it is worth remembering that tall chrysanthemums will look better with neighbors of the same size, and undersized ones with smaller plants. But every flower bed is a place for experiments! Confident gardeners can try planting chrysanthemum lines one after the other, bringing smaller species forward, or experimenting with shades to create gradients.

Garden decoration

Multiflora with evergreen trees looks good. The rounded ball, as it were, smooths out the forms of thorny plants, gives a unique liveliness and makes the view more interesting.

Low-growing chrysanthemums can be used to delineate the boundaries of a specific area, beds, roads or curbs. But as for the color of plants, which is about 4000, then imagination and the desire to transform the site come into battle. Compositions of bright green grass and white or yellow shades will be beneficial. Do not be afraid of the neighborhood and different types of flowers - bright chrysanthemums will go well with any of the planted plants.

And in the autumn period you will be delighted with the Multiflora of late blooming of saturated scarlet, pink flowers. When most of the species have already faded and are about to overwinter, the riot of colors of such chrysanthemums will not go unnoticed.

If you use them for flowering on the balcony, as a home flower, then perhaps not every bush will bloom so vigorously due to the small space allotted to it.

As you can see, caring for chrysanthemums is not such a costly and complicated business. One has only to adhere to the main rules and do not forget some of the nuances - and your garden or balcony will be provided with a beautiful and long flowering of a delightful flower.

The main autumn flowers are chrysanthemums, planting and caring for these flowers in the open field is not particularly difficult, but they require compliance with a number of conditions when growing, both in spring and autumn. Do not break the rules if you want to plant a flower from a bouquet or root a shoot, but to propagate a plant in the fall, check out the main points. If you do not know how to form a beautiful bush with a ball, then remember, you need a pinch and pruning for the winter, or try to grow a special variety that will only need a single pinching ...

Methods and timing of reproduction of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums are annual - they are grown annually from seeds, and perennial - they can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, mother plants or by dividing a bush. Chrysanthemums are planted in spring and autumn, each season has its own advantages:

1. Seeds sown in open ground in May, and when the seedlings grow by 10 cm, they are pinched. In the fall, chrysanthemums are already blooming
2. Cuttings Is a very popular breeding method for chrysanthemums. You can grow a bush by cutting off a stalk even from a bouquet. How to root a chrysanthemum shoot? A shoot about 6 cm long is rooted in a soil consisting of sand and peat. The box covered with glass is kept in a cool place, not higher than + 15 ° C. When the roots appear, the plants are planted in separate pots and then, with the end of the frost, in the open ground. If you purchased a cuttings of the desired variety in the fall, do not plant it in the ground, but root it in a container and leave it in a cool room until spring
3. Uterus - this is the overwintered rhizome of chrysanthemum, from which shoots will go, it can be purchased and planted in early spring
4. Dividing the bush - the only way to plant chrysanthemums in autumn, in which the plant is carefully dug up, the roots of the mother bush with shoots are divided into several specimens with pruning shears and planted. This procedure is supposed to be carried out every two years to rejuvenate the plant.

Chrysanthemums, planting in spring and autumn

Please note that if you decide to grow chrysanthemums, planting and care in the open field differ in spring and autumn - with spring planting, mother plants and cuttings take root better, but in autumn you can choose a flowering bush and not be mistaken with its appearance.

In very frosty winters, choose Korean small-flowered hybrids of chrysanthemums, which are nicknamed the oak - this species unites many varieties zoned in the middle lane and the Moscow region. Large-flowered Indian chrysanthemums are tall - they grow up to a meter, and sometimes up to one and a half, but they are afraid of cold weather and easily freeze out.

For chrysanthemums, choose a sunny, preferably elevated place. Flowers do not like stagnant moisture, therefore, the waterlogged soil is drained by adding a layer of coarse river sand to the planting hole. The soil is preferable slightly acidic or neutral, light and loose. Too dense - mixed with peat, humus or rotted compost.

Chrysanthemum plants are placed every 30-50 cm.The pit is dug shallow so that the shoots on the mother liquor or two-thirds of the cuttings are not covered with earth, when dividing the bush - this is about 40 cm.No more than 0.5 kg of humus or compost is added to the hole. If you overdo it with fertilizers, the flowers will be small, and only foliage will be lush. It is recommended to water the roots with a stimulant (Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin), and then cover it with soil and compact it. After spring planting, it is advisable to cover the cuttings from the sun with a spunbond for a couple of weeks.

When planting in autumn, the chrysanthemum bush must be watered abundantly, this will compact the soil, eliminating voids in it, because of which the roots can freeze. In addition, the flowers are cut and a third of the stems are left for the nutrients to go into the development of the root system.

Chrysanthemums, care - watering, feeding, pruning, shelter

Chrysanthemum cannot stand moisture stagnation, but loves watering - without water, the stems become tough, the flowers become smaller. At the same time, the flower does not tolerate sprinkling, it must be watered at the root, preferably with rain or settled water. After watering, the soil is loosened to avoid crusting.

In spring, for chrysanthemums, nitrogen fertilization is necessary for rapid growth; it can be carried out 2-3 weeks after planting. In the second half of summer, with the beginning of chrysanthemum budding, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied to ensure lush flowering and strengthening of plants before wintering. In the fall, you can feed the flowers a little with organic matter. Tall varieties are tied up, as their fragile stems can break.

The onset of frost is a signal that it is time to leave for the winter. The trunks of chrysanthemums are cut in late autumn, leaving 10-centimeter stumps and insulated with sawdust or foliage. The most delicate varieties are wrapped on top with a covering material and something flat is placed on top to protect it from moisture - for example, a plywood board. Some growers dig up the roots and store them in a dark, cold cellar in winter to make sure the variety is preserved.

How to create globular chrysanthemum bushes

For flowers such as chrysanthemums, planting and care in the open field is not all that is needed and simple processing will allow you to create real masterpieces from them.

Chrysanthemums after winter are pruned and pinched to get a beautiful spherical bush. There is a variety in which the bush itself grows in the form of a ball, without needing to be formed - this is chrysanthemum multiflora, a low-growing bush up to 20 cm in height - when two pairs of leaves appear on the shoot, it is pinched, and then the ball forms itself.

Multiflora can be grown not only in a flower bed, but also in a pot.But, at the end of flowering, the aerial part of the plant is cut off and sent to rest - in a dark, cool place, for the whole winter. Periodically dormant chrysanthemums are watered so that the roots do not dry out. In February, the first shoots appear, which means that the plant has woken up, and it is time to get it out of the basement. If a spherical chrysanthemum grows in a flower bed, the stems should be cut to 10 cm and covered with sawdust and non-woven fabric for the winter.

Multiflora loves soil rich in fertilizers, add more humus and wood ash to the hole when planting. If you grow it in a pot, you can prepare the soil from 30% humus and 20% sand, the remaining 50% is sod land.

You can also form a ball from other types of chrysanthemums, in small and medium-flowered ones, the main shoot is pinched when it reaches 10-12 cm, then the lateral shoots that have grown to the same length are cut off, they then actively branch, pinching is done until the buds appear.

In large-flowered species of chrysanthemums, stems 15 cm long are cut, in total one or two pinches are carried out no later than June, in addition, they are stepchildren - from mid-July, shoots that appear from the leaf axils are removed daily, and starting from August - every three days, then you can get a spherical bush with large flowers up to 10 cm in diameter.

Hello! Every year you have to spend a lot of energy on planting spherical chrysanthemums in summer cottages. They say she can survive the winter? If so, tell us more about such an amazing flower as spherical chrysanthemum - wintering in the open field, preparation and so on.

Chrysanthemum is a favorite plant of many summer residents. Because of her beauty, they are ready to spend a lot of time and effort. And, indeed, chrysanthemum can overwinter outdoors. Depending on the variety, they easily tolerate wintering not only in the south, but also in the middle zone of our country. Of course, in order for such a plant as spherical chrysanthemum, wintering in the open field to pass without consequences, you need to prepare accordingly.

Preparation for wintering

With the arrival of autumn, flowers fall from the chrysanthemum, leaves wither. So it's time to make sure that your favorite flower can easily survive the winter.

For this, the bushes are cut to a height of about 10-12 centimeters. It is advisable to use a sharp pruner for this - the stems are quite delicate and easily damaged. A dull pruner will chew on them more than cut them off.

In the southern regions of the country, where frosts do not occur, this is quite enough. If you are growing chrysanthemums in the middle lane, you need to take care that the first frosts do not kill the stems and roots. For this, the chrysanthemum is covered with spruce branches or a thick layer of sawdust. The first option is more convenient - there will be no need to remove sawdust in the spring. But the second is more affordable - not everyone has the opportunity to stock up on the right amount of spruce branches.

If the winters in the region are very frosty and with little snow, then the only way out is to transfer to flowerpots and store them in the basement or cellar, followed by disembarkation.

Spring works

In the spring, as soon as the snow melts and it becomes warm enough, spruce branches or sawdust should be removed from the chrysanthemum. Excess moisture must go away so that young shoots are not attacked by rot and mold. But if the nights are cold, cuttings should be covered with rags in the evenings.

In general, it is not advisable to grow one chrysanthemum bush for more than two years in a row - there are fewer flowers, and the bush itself disintegrates. Therefore, at the end of the second season, the bush should be divided into cuttings and transplanted. Then the flower bed will delight you with its beauty for more than one year.

The video will tell you in detail about the wintering of chrysanthemums:

The main autumn flowers are chrysanthemums, planting and caring for these flowers in the open field is not particularly difficult, but they require compliance with a number of conditions when growing, both in spring and autumn.Do not break the rules if you want to plant a flower from a bouquet or root a shoot, but to propagate a plant in the fall, check out the main points. If you do not know how to form a beautiful bush with a ball, then remember, you need a pinch and pruning for the winter, or try to grow a special variety that will only need a single pinching ...

Methods and timing of reproduction of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums are annual - they are grown annually from seeds, and perennial - they can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, mother plants or by dividing a bush. Chrysanthemums are planted in spring and autumn, each season has its own advantages:

1. Seeds sown in open ground in May, and when the seedlings grow by 10 cm, they are pinched. In the fall, chrysanthemums are already blooming
2. Cuttings Is a very popular breeding method for chrysanthemums. You can grow a bush by cutting off a stalk even from a bouquet. How to root a chrysanthemum shoot? A shoot about 6 cm long is rooted in a soil consisting of sand and peat. The box covered with glass is kept in a cool place, not higher than + 15 ° C. When the roots appear, the plants are planted in separate pots and then, with the end of the frost, in the open ground. If you purchased a cuttings of the desired variety in the fall, do not plant it in the ground, but root it in a container and leave it in a cool room until spring
3. Uterus - this is the overwintered rhizome of chrysanthemum, from which shoots will go, it can be purchased and planted in early spring
4. Dividing the bush - the only way to plant chrysanthemums in autumn, in which the plant is carefully dug up, the roots of the mother bush with shoots are divided into several specimens with pruning shears and planted. This procedure is supposed to be carried out every two years to rejuvenate the plant.

Chrysanthemums, planting in spring and autumn

Please note that if you decide to grow chrysanthemums, planting and care in the open field differ in spring and autumn - with spring planting, mother plants and cuttings take root better, but in autumn you can choose a flowering bush and not be mistaken with its appearance.

In very frosty winters, choose Korean small-flowered hybrids of chrysanthemums, which are nicknamed the oak - this species unites many varieties zoned in the middle lane and the Moscow region. Large-flowered Indian chrysanthemums are tall - they grow up to a meter, and sometimes up to one and a half, but they are afraid of cold weather and easily freeze out.

For chrysanthemums, choose a sunny, preferably elevated place. Flowers do not like stagnant moisture, therefore, the waterlogged soil is drained by adding a layer of coarse river sand to the planting hole. The soil is preferable slightly acidic or neutral, light and loose. Too dense - mixed with peat, humus or rotted compost.

Chrysanthemum plants are placed every 30-50 cm.The pit is dug shallow so that the shoots on the mother liquor or two-thirds of the cuttings are not covered with earth, when dividing the bush - this is about 40 cm.No more than 0.5 kg of humus or compost is added to the hole. If you overdo it with fertilizers, the flowers will be small, and only foliage will be lush. It is recommended to water the roots with a stimulant (Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin), and then cover it with soil and compact it. After spring planting, it is advisable to cover the cuttings from the sun with a spunbond for a couple of weeks.

When planting in autumn, the chrysanthemum bush must be watered abundantly, this will compact the soil, eliminating voids in it, because of which the roots can freeze. In addition, the flowers are cut and a third of the stems are left for the nutrients to go into the development of the root system.

Chrysanthemums, care - watering, feeding, pruning, shelter

Chrysanthemum cannot stand moisture stagnation, but loves watering - without water, the stems become tough, the flowers become smaller. At the same time, the flower does not tolerate sprinkling, it must be watered at the root, preferably with rain or settled water. After watering, the soil is loosened to avoid crusting.

In the spring, chrysanthemums need nitrogen fertilization for rapid growth, it can be carried out 2-3 weeks after planting. In the second half of summer, with the beginning of budding of chrysanthemums, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied to ensure lush flowering and strengthening of plants before wintering. In the fall, you can feed the flowers a little with organic matter. Tall varieties are tied up, as their fragile stems can break.

The onset of frost is a signal that it is time to leave for the winter. The trunks of chrysanthemums are cut in late autumn, leaving 10-centimeter stumps and insulated with sawdust or foliage. The most delicate varieties are wrapped on top with a covering material and something flat is placed on top to protect it from moisture - for example, a plywood board. Some growers dig up the roots and store them in a dark, cold cellar in winter to make sure the variety is preserved.

How to create globular chrysanthemum bushes

For flowers such as chrysanthemums, planting and care in the open field is not all that is needed and simple processing will allow you to create real masterpieces from them.

Chrysanthemums after winter are pruned and pinched to get a beautiful spherical bush. There is a variety in which the bush itself grows in the form of a ball, without needing to be formed - this is chrysanthemum multiflora, a low-growing bush up to 20 cm in height - when two pairs of leaves appear on the shoot, it is pinched, and then the ball forms itself.

Multiflora can be grown not only in a flower bed, but also in a pot. But, at the end of flowering, the aerial part of the plant is cut off and sent to rest - in a dark, cool place, for the whole winter. Periodically dormant chrysanthemums are watered so that the roots do not dry out. In February, the first shoots appear, which means that the plant has woken up, and it is time to get it out of the basement. If a spherical chrysanthemum grows in a flower bed, the stems should be cut to 10 cm and covered with sawdust and non-woven fabric for the winter.

Multiflora loves soil rich in fertilizers, add more humus and wood ash to the hole when planting. If you grow it in a pot, you can prepare the soil from 30% humus and 20% sand, the remaining 50% is sod land.

You can also form a ball from other types of chrysanthemums, in small and medium-flowered ones, the main shoot is pinched when it reaches 10-12 cm, then the lateral shoots that have grown to the same length are cut off, they then actively branch, pinching is done until the buds appear.

In large-flowered species of chrysanthemums, stems 15 cm long are cut, in total one or two pinches are carried out no later than June, in addition, they are stepchildren - from mid-July, shoots that appear from the leaf axils are removed daily, and starting from August - every three days, then you can get a spherical bush with large flowers up to 10 cm in diameter.

Chrysanthemums are considered one of the most unpretentious garden flowers, and begin their flowering when most of the flowers in the flower beds have already faded (or are finishing their flowering).

And some growers are convinced that caring for these cultivated plants is not needed either in summer or in autumn. It is necessary to understand - is it really so?

It turns out that some chrysanthemums need care in the fall and some preparation for winter. So, they need to be dug up for the winter and stored in a basement or other cool and dark room. But there are varieties of these flowering perennials that can winter well in the open field with appropriate preparation.

Features of care in the fall and preparation for winter

Chrysanthemums are prepared for winter in different regions at different times, starting from about the third decade of August. Usually, caring for these flowers consists of pruning them, applying fertilizers and preparing them for winter. Different types of these flowers require their own approach to wintering:

• some varieties should be dug up and stored in a dark, cool and dry place;
• while other chrysanthemums hibernate in the open field without digging up.

It is worth telling in more detail about the conduct of each of these agrotechnical measures.

Video: caring for chrysanthemums in the fall and preparing for winter

Autumn pruning and fertilization

In the third decade of August - the first decade of September, complex fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus are applied under each chrysanthemum bush. These elements are necessary for flowers in order for their root system to accumulate the nutrients it needs for normal wintering.

Pruning chrysanthemums in the fall is a necessary procedure that makes it easier for flower growers to shelter for the winter those varieties that winter outdoors. And those flowers that are removed to the basement for the winter should also be cut off - this way they are easier to store, long stems can be accidentally broken off.

Chrysanthemum stems are pruned immediately after the onset of the first autumn cold weather. In this case, the length of the cut shoots should not exceed 14-15 cm.

How to keep chrysanthemums in winter

Unlike other flowering perennials, which are left in the open field for the winter and practically do not cover in case of severe cold weather, chrysanthemums require special attention. They should either be dug up and removed to the basement or cellar, or carefully covered before cold weather without digging up if the variety is left for the winter in the open ground.

These activities will keep chrysanthemums in winter for active flowering in the following seasons. And it should be remembered: if you do not carry out these measures, then perennials will simply freeze out even in a fairly warm winter.

Video: how to keep chrysanthemums in winter

What varieties winter in the open field, what kind of digging is required

To chrysanthemums that require mandatory digging, includes most varieties grown exclusively for cutting. But large-flowered species of these flowers also do not tolerate winter well, so it is advisable to dig them up just before frosts and keep them in basements.

Cut varieties (Golden Orpheus, Helen and similar species) are usually carefully dug up and transplanted into greenhouses, greenhouses or glazed loggiaswhere these flowering perennials thrive before the warm season. In regions where the warm summer does not last long, it is recommended to grow cut varieties immediately in heated greenhouses or greenhouses.

But for most regions of our country, flower growers can be offered for cultivation in their areas withthe following varieties of chrysanthemums that can be left in the open field for the winter without digging up... The most popular ones are:

• Oak;
• Korean;
• Chamomile;
• Purple Haze;
• Malchish-Kibalchish;
• Red Moscow;
• Everest.

But in the southern regions, all varieties of these beautiful flowers can be safely left to winter in flower beds. - winters there are so warm that chrysanthemums do not freeze.

Conservation methods: digging and leaving in the ground with shelter

There are only two main ways to prepare these perennial flowering plants for winter:

• digging out;
• leaving in the open ground, followed by shelter.

If chrysanthemums are left to winter in flower beds, then a phased shelter of the bushes should be carried out with the onset of frost. Pruned bushes should be earthed so that there are no pits or depressions around them, in which water can accumulate - plants do not need excess moisture before frost. Hilling chrysanthemums should be carried out so that the cut stems are completely covered with earth. The next stage is to cover the flowers with spruce branches, dry foliage or sawdust. Chrysanthemums should be covered with these materials after the cold weather sets in.

You can also use slate or iron sheets as cover. A "wall" of several rows of bricks is laid around the bushes, on which sheets of slate are laid. Such a shelter does not allow water or snow to enter, but is a well-ventilated structure.

Video: how to cover chrysanthemums for the winter

Features of the conservation of spherical and dwarf chrysanthemums

Spherical chrysanthemums were bred by breeders relatively recently, this species is intended for decorating garden plots or balconies and loggias in an apartment. If such varieties grow in the open field during the summer season, then in order to preserve the globular chrysanthemums in winter, you need to worry about how to properly prepare the plant for the cold weather. In the southern regions, it is enough to cover these perennials with straw or spruce branches. But in colder areas, it is recommended to dig them out before the onset of cold weather. As soon as the aerial part is completely dry, the globular varieties should be dug up, slightly dried in the shade, cleaned from the ground, removed dried shoots and placed in containers filled with straw or sawdust. Store the rhizomes in a cool dark place until spring.

Dwarf chrysanthemums are mainly intended for indoor cultivation, but they are also grown outdoors.... If these flowers grow on a balcony, in an entrance or in a room, they should be cut off before winter, leaving stems no more than 10 cm long.Then the plant is placed in a bright room, the temperature in which is kept at about +8 C, watering every 25-30 days ... If this is not possible, then you can keep cut chrysanthemums in the winter in the room, watering in the same way as in summer.

Not all types of dwarf chrysanthemums can winter outdoors. And if the florist has decided not to dig up these flowering plants, then they should be well covered with the onset of frost. To do this, cut the stems to a length of 10-12 cm, cover with earth or peat (always dry) or foliage. And cover with any covering material on top.

Typical mistakes in caring for chrysanthemums in the fall and preparing for winter

The main mistakes that flower growers make when caring for chrysanthemums in the fall may be as follows:

• do not apply top dressing for flowers in late summer - early autumn;
• do not dig for the winter those varieties that should be kept indoors during the cold season;
• incorrectly produce shelter of these perennials wintering in the open ground.

Caring for chrysanthemums in the fall and preparing these flowers for winter is not a very laborious process. However, improperly performed procedures to preserve these beautiful flowers can lead to the fact that the plants will freeze. And only compliance with all the rules for caring for chrysanthemums will allow you to preserve these flowers in the winter.

Autumn garden decoration - chrysanthemums, this is a real joy for most summer residents. Already many plants are suitable only to cover the beds with their dry tops, and your flower beds continue to burn with gold. Of course, growing chrysanthemums outdoors is a very engaging experience that certainly won't hurt any grower. A bright, unpretentious flower with a tart smell is a generous gift from nature that will extend summer days.

Choice number one

Among the variety of garden flowers, chrysanthemum stands out. The selection of varieties is simply amazing, and each of them is very beautiful in its own way. No wonder she is called the queen of autumn. Today we will talk about how chrysanthemums are grown in the open field. It is not too difficult, bright flowers will willingly grow in almost any conditions. Having correctly composed the composition, you will enjoy the colorful splendor for many years in a row.

Varieties and varieties

Lush, fragrant inflorescences can not only add variety to the garden plot, they also change the life of the gardener. According to legend, they inspire optimism even in the saddest person. Growing chrysanthemums in the open field is a magical activity, and it is almost impossible to stop in the choice of forms. Every time you buy another bag of seeds, you are amazed at the magnificent color of flowers, their durability, plant height, leaf shape, degree of terry.Moreover, over and over again purchasing sets of seeds of different varieties, you can be sure that they will not be repeated.

If you want to see a really bright and elegant flower bed, then you definitely need to combine different varieties and shapes with each other. Growing chrysanthemums outdoors is the same no matter which heads will delight you in the fall. The combination of curb and tall bushes in the background looks best.

Seat selection

Excellent growth and lush bloom - it all depends on you. Chrysanthemum is not very demanding, but very thermophilic plant. First of all, you need to choose a suitable place for her. It must be remembered that these flowers do not tolerate moisture retention and do not tolerate darkened areas very well. Therefore, the lowlands are more likely places for lily of the valley. Choose open, sunny areas that are slightly elevated. Dampness will cause the plants to die in winter, and lack of light will deform the green part.

Growing chrysanthemums in the open field for sale is even more interesting, since in the spring the plots disperse like hot cakes. However, the requirements for the conditions in this case are even higher. After all, you definitely need to get a good result. For excellent flowering and vigorous growth, the plant simply needs good soil. Only the optimal composition of trace elements will allow you to get powerful bushes with great heads. They love loose and permeable soil rich in organic matter. Therefore, if you want to prepare a place for plants in advance, dig a planting hole, fill up drainage and humus, on top - good, fresh soil. And during the warm period, be sure to apply seasonal feeding. However, you should not be zealous. With an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus, the plant heals. You will have huge bushes without flowers.

Sale of cut flowers

This is a very lucrative business, so it is worth considering if you are seriously interested in growing chrysanthemums outdoors. Features of the variety Valentina Tereshkova, Alec Bedser suggest the formation of large inflorescences. Huge flowers on sturdy stems can keep fresh for a long time in vases.

Moreover, it is the large-flowered chrysanthemums that continue to delight us with bright colors even after the onset of cold weather. Here it is necessary to clarify: the warmer the climate, the easier it will be to grow such hybrids. Quite the opposite is the case in regions with a harsh climate. Where can you organize the cultivation of chrysanthemums in the open field without any problems? The Kirov region with a mild climate, without sudden fluctuations, is ideal. Here you do not have to stress the plants every time, dig them up in the fall and plant them again in the spring. Thanks to this, the bushes respond with stunning flowering.

In Siberia, large-flowered chrysanthemums are planted in large pots, which are dug into the ground for the summer. With the onset of autumn cold weather, they are transferred to a room where the temperature remains about -5 degrees throughout the winter. This will ensure a beautiful bloom every year.

Landing

Growing chrysanthemums outdoors for sale requires that you occupy a fairly large area of ​​your garden for growing. May is the best time to decorate a flower bed. Before the onset of cold weather, the plants will have time to get stronger.

In addition, it is very important not to plant the shrubs in bloom. In mid-October, such a planting is guaranteed to lead to the death of the plant. If you bought planting material late, then it is better to leave the flowers not in the open field, but indoors. A dry basement with a stable temperature is perfect. But they will not tolerate dampness and low temperatures.

Some gardeners specially arrange tall beds. There is one trick here that will allow the mother plants to overwinter well and wake up very early in the spring. The bottom layer of the bed is poured from fresh manure, and on top there is already a layer of fertile soil.Burning out, it will give a lot of heat, which will allow the plants to bloom until late autumn, and with good shelter, they will survive even in the most severe frosts.

We decorate the flower bed

With the onset of steady heat, a chrysanthemum wakes up in the street. Outdoor growing conditions should presuppose overwintering at their permanent location. For this, the gardener makes sure that there is no decay of plants, that is, a flower bed must be created on a hill. With the onset of cold weather, the roots of plants are mulched, covered with hay or sawdust. Top - covered with snow, and your plantings can safely survive the whole winter.

In the spring, with the onset of heat, it is necessary to remove all covering materials, after which the plantings will start to grow. If the planting material was stored in the cellar, at the end of May it is time to prepare it for planting. Just at this time, the first frosts end.

Planting must be carried out by varieties. Be sure to supply your flower bed with labels or other markers. A complex fertilizer is preliminarily added to the prepared trench, for example, well-rotted manure. All that remains is proper care. Growing chrysanthemums outdoors is not difficult, even an amateur can handle it.

So, the distance between the planted plants should be from 30 to 50 cm. The larger the bush is planned, the more space must be left for it to grow and develop. Planting and replanting must be done with a large clod of earth. Immediately after this, the soil should be watered abundantly with Kornevin's solution or any other preparation that promotes growth.

The climate of central Russia

In order for beautiful chrysanthemum flowers to turn out in the fall, in the summer they need to be provided with proper care, regular watering and feeding. The cultivation of chrysanthemums in the open field in the Moscow region is especially good. With high-quality shelter, they calmly endure frosts up to 30 degrees, and with the onset of spring they delight you with excellent flowers. Growing mother plants is very easy. We will now consider one of the options, and you will understand that any gardener can have a piece of the sun on his site.

These plants take root very easily. Growing chrysanthemums in the open field in the Moscow region is also facilitated by the fact that every year you can get new plants from some of the old or from green cuttings. Young root shoots, lateral shoots on old stems - all this is material for a new bush.

There is a little subtlety here. It is undesirable to leave plants in one place for a long time. We have already said that they do not like to be disturbed during the flowering period. This is true. But once every two years, they need to be planted in good fertile soil. Otherwise, it loses its attractiveness, the branches become woody. However, if the bush has already lost its charm, it can become the parent for an entire flower bed.

Growing technology in the Urals

The climate here is not so much harsh as it is unpredictable. Heavy snowfalls and frosts, winds and prolonged droughts - all this makes growing chrysanthemums outdoors in the Urals a little more difficult. To make life easier for the gardener, you can advise the following option. After flowering, the stems from the uterine bushes are cut with pruning shears. Hemp of 10-15 cm should remain. Bushes for the winter must be covered with peat crumb, along with manure. The height of the layer should be 10-15 cm. On top, for insulation, lay what is left after cleaning the garden. These are tops and branches. Snow will accumulate on them in winter.

Spring works

With the onset of spring, it is imperative to remove the tops and branches. But it is not at all necessary to sweep the peat. This is mulch and fertilizer, without which it will be difficult to wait for good flowering. After the root growth has appeared, it is removed with a pruner. Cuttings 6-7 cm long are obtained. They need to be dipped in Kornevin's solution and planted on a bed with well-fertilized soil, on top of which there is a layer of sand (about 2 cm).

It is imperative to spray and water the cuttings daily. From above, you need to stretch the film and be sure to organize shading from bright, sun rays. Do not forget to ventilate, and after 2 weeks your plantings will give good roots.

Young plants are planted in a permanent place in May, when the threat of frost has passed. Remember to water and mulch the soil well. As soon as the height of your plants reaches 15 cm, the most painstaking work begins. To get a tall stem with a lush flower, it is imperative to pinch all the side shoots and buds, leaving one. Moreover, the choice is not always obvious, the central one may turn out to be underdeveloped or ugly, so you need to carefully monitor your plant.

Gardening in Siberia

This is both a complex and very exciting process. Growing chrysanthemums in the open field in Siberia is quite possible, but additional tasks fall on the gardener. First of all, you need to choose winter-hardy varieties. It can be Cream or Raspberry early chrysanthemum, Pink Perlinka or Gift. They need to be planted on a high dry bed, but even this does not guarantee a successful wintering.

We have already talked a lot about growing chrysanthemums in the open field. Preparation for winter must be done very carefully. In autumn, the plants are cut off, covered with humus and covered with spruce branches. But even in this case, there is no guarantee that the flowers will successfully overwinter. It happens that the cold season is extremely mild. Then there is a risk that the plants will wake up very early and may die from excess moisture under the covering material. Another time, on the contrary, the ground freezes by 2 meters, which means that the chances of survival for chrysanthemums are even less. Therefore, the only option is to pick up the mother bushes in a cool place. It could be a basement or a garage.

In late autumn, when the first frost hits, the chrysanthemum is carefully dug up and placed in a 5-liter bucket. In this case, it is recommended to cut off the entire above-ground part. You can leave only lignified stumps with a height of 10-15 cm. The excavated mother liquors must be removed to the cellar and kept at a temperature not higher than +2 degrees. Somewhere at +4, chrysanthemums will begin to sprout, which is highly undesirable.

We grow a new variety

If you are lucky enough to get good seeds, you can plant amazing plants on the site, for which all the neighbors will come to you. Growing chrysanthemums outdoors from seeds is not at all too difficult. In this way, you can grow both an annual and a perennial, which will decorate your garden for a long time.

Both the first and the second should be planted in early spring. At the beginning of March, you should already have shallow boxes filled with earthen mixture on the windows. It is advisable to take ready-made, but you can cook it yourself. To do this, take greenhouse soil, humus and peat. All this needs to be calcined or steamed.

Now we start sowing. Annual chrysanthemums fall asleep to a depth of 0.5 cm, and perennials are simply left on the surface. Now the crops need to be watered, covered with glass and placed in a warm place. The crops are checked periodically and sprayed with water.

Planting in open ground

The gardener will have to tinker with his seedlings for a long time before they become beautiful flowering bushes. When the seedlings have sprouted, they are often very densely spaced. Therefore, as soon as the second pair of leaves appears, you need to make a pick into separate cups. When doing this, try not to wrinkle the stem. Now, caring for young seedlings is about timely watering. It is advisable to carry out hardening, that is, to take out the boxes to the balcony.

As soon as the threat of frost passes, you need to plant seedlings in open ground. Remember that chrysanthemums are very fond of light and warmth. Leave the dark corners to other plants, and give her a place in the middle of the site.It is in such conditions that she will reveal all her beauty. And one more thing: right after the transplant, you need to pinch all the tops. This is not the last procedure this season. As soon as the lateral shoots grow 15-20 cm, they also need to “remove their head”. Then you will get compact bushes with many inflorescences. They will delight you with long and very abundant flowering.

For newbies

If you are gardening for the first year, then growing small-flowered chrysanthemums in the open field will be an excellent option for you. These vibrant chamomile-like flowers will be a wonderful fall decoration for your garden. It should be noted that they are unpretentious and do not need warm winter houses in temperate climates. But in Siberia, you cannot give a 100% guarantee that your plants will survive the winter. If the ground gets too cold, then most likely they will not wake up.

To do this, you can leave 2-3 mother plants that can be taken to the cellar. And even easier - to sow annuals. They will delight you until the coldest days and even after the first snow they will remain bright and fresh. And then you can simply remove them and make room for new landings. In this case, you are not limited in your imagination. Flowerbeds may differ in shape and content every year.