Wisteria planting and care in the open field in the suburbs

The greatest joy and affection are delivered to flower growers by flowering and beautiful plants. One of the most beautiful representatives is Chinese wisteria. Planting her on a personal plot means getting a lot of worries. But the beauty of this flower will reward even gardeners who are intimidated by the difficult care and cultivation of this plant.

Photos in the instructions of florists show falling brushes, which are abundantly strewn with lush inflorescences, and their magical aroma will surely adorn any personal plot.

Description and types of wisteria

In various sources, you can see the definition of wisteria as a flower or tree. But in reality it is a liana, with falling branches and a stiff trunk. Under the necessary conditions, namely, in carefully drained soil, under the hot sun, the stem of this plant can grow up to 20 meters.

In their natural environment, wisterias are found in the warm climates of Asian countries - Japan and China. This plant has been planted in America for a long time. A young shoot has a rather thin stem, an adult liana can have a tree-like trunk up to 25 cm in diameter. On the trunk of the plant there are branches with lush leaves collected from small leaves.

In the summer, wisteria forms flower brushes. Inflorescences in various varieties of this plant differ in color - pure white, purple, blue. The flower has a rather complex shape that resembles an orchid. The very pleasant smell of the inflorescence is the reason for the name of the vine. Wisteria translates to sweet.

Plant fruits - pods with fur bloom... Due to the structure of the liana fruit, it belongs to the legume family.

Varieties

Today there is 10 varieties of Chinese wisteriathat are in vivo. Florists grow only decorative vines. This is wisteria:

• Macrostachia. This hybrid was bred specifically for cold climates - North America, Russia, Scandinavia. The plant is frost-resistant. On a personal plot, it creates an excellent braid for gazebos, terraces, and house facades. Brushes 35 cm in diameter and consist of lilac inflorescences with a pronounced odor.
• Alba. This type of wisteria blooms with white tassels.The aroma is slightly worse than that of other hybrids, but pure white inflorescences are more expressive, they are planted in city squares, in different flower arrangements;
• Chinese. This variety creates quite beautiful clusters with aromatic bluish buds. In the backyard, this plant winds around the pillars of the terrace, gazebos, various frames;
• Floribunda. It is a Japanese plant that looks like a vine with 45cm clusters of various colors. There are also dwarf species of this vine. They take much longer to grow, creating a bush-like shape, which is great for creating bonsai;
• Beautiful. The hybrid, which turned out after the selection of the first two varieties, he absorbed their best qualities. Flower brushes are longer, up to 30 cm, flowers are larger, pure white.

How to grow wisteria?

Wisterias - fast growing plantsthat immediately cling to any possible support. This quality has made them popular with both landscape designers and novice florists who appreciate the romantic style.

A developing liana requires a frame made of thick reinforcement, steel or wood. The more mature the plant, the thicker the stem and the heavier the green foliage. Small wisterias look great in pots as indoor flowers. The pot must be wide and equipped with a sturdy steel rod. Moreover, the vine looks great in a pot on the loggia.

Planting creepers in a personal plot will require reliable support... A lot of effort must be made and pruning creepers. A heavily overgrown, massive plant will break under its own weight without proper pruning.

An ideal place for wisteria on a personal plot is a house facade, well-lit by the sun, a gazebo wall, or a special shed. Chinese wisteria needs constant warmth. Only under the sun will it bloom beautifully with a lot of inflorescences.

Experienced flower growers know that all varieties of this vine are quite capricious. Planting and grooming require great care. There are a number of rules to keep in mind:

• liana, which is planted from seeds, will begin to bloom only after 8 years;
• seedlings purchased in stores take root up to 4 years old, before letting flower buds;
• before flowering weekly, it is necessary to fertilize the soil near the roots;
• it is not necessary to water the liana strongly, but constantly;
• sometimes the plant does not bloom at all for several years. This vine needs to be "pushed" by adding potash groundbaits to the ground in the fall;
• it is advisable to avoid nitrogen additions. In legumes, nitrogen creates a strong deciduous mass, but not the formation of inflorescences.

Pruning

For a more beautiful flowering, the plant requires prune 2 times a year... Large branches form in the summer, after a couple of weeks, when the brushes dry and fade. In this case, you can correct the wireframe. Small vines are pruned in the fall.

In winter, these manipulations with wisteria cannot be performed. In winter, the vine forms buds of inflorescences, and the most beautiful and large ones can be accidentally cut off.

In the fall, it is necessary to remove all dead parts of the shrub that interfere with the germination of young branches. Experienced gardeners recommend looking at the vine from a distance of 7 steps. This way you can better see the difference in color on old branches and new shoots that grow from them.

Side branches need shorten to 20 cm... The old branches are also made smaller so that there are only 5 buds. This will help the vine to concentrate its vitality on creating inflorescences on short branches.

In the summertime, you can perform the same procedure with side branches, leaving a few leaves on each shoot. It is necessary to cut off large "clinging" branches in the form in which they decided to line the vine. Pruning won't do any harm. Elastic shoots They will grow quite quickly, and will fix where they are directed.

How do I prepare the seeds?

Large pods make the plant look less attractive in spring. It is advisable to cut them without removing a significant part of the stem, as there may be buds of inflorescences.

You can plant this plant from seeds that are collected from the pods. Remember - the new plant will not be identical to the mother vine.

Ripened pods placed in a large cardboard bag and left to dry in a warm place. For example, you can leave a package on the torpedo of a car for several weeks. When the pods are open, the seeds are easily removed from the shell.

For cultivation, planting in a deep pot is required. The seeds are deepened into the ground by 3 cm and watered. It is advisable to use a mixture of soil with the addition of sand for growing. The seed pot must be placed in the shade. Many growers cover the pot with glass to protect against heat loss. All the time of germination, it is necessary to add water so that the soil is constantly moistened.

When the shoots appear, the pot must be rearranged to a lighted area (not to direct sunlight). When the shoots form several leaves, they transplanted into different containers... Do not transplant small seedlings directly into the ground. Liana must grow at least 25 cm.

How to grow wisteria in the suburbs?

The natural habitat of this plant is the tropics. In the northern regions, the liana suffers from frost. Many varieties of lianas cannot even endure autumn in our climate. The minimum temperature for a plant should be at least 10C. Even when the roots survive in the soil and then create shoots, the frozen specimen will not discard the inflorescences for a long time.

This plant in the Moscow region develops well only with special protection in the winter. Florists do not place seedlings in the ground in the first spring, but they are planted in special barrels. For escapes a container with a volume of 45-55 liters is required... Liana needs strong support, as well as a garter.

In the fall, you need to keep an eye on the weather forecast. If the temperature drops below 15C at night, the plant must be moved into the house. It is desirable that it be a basement or cellar.

In winter, the vine is inactive. The plant does not need bright lighting, watering can be done every 7 days. In a highly heated and bright room in winter, the vine will die. Already from the beginning of spring, the barrel with the plant is moved to the bright part of the room, and watering is carried out every two days. When the temperature at night will be more than 10C, the vine can be placed on open ground.

An adult liana needs to be spud before winter. In this case, the plant is removed from the supports, fixed to the ground and covered with straw, leaves, unnecessary clothing. By this time, the bulk of the shoots must be cut off. With secure cover, wisteria can tolerate temperature about -22C.

Caring flower growers achieve the survival of the plant for many years, as well as double flowering of wisteria. Growing vines from maternal vines makes wisteria more resistant to frost.

The main disadvantages of wisteria

Certain natural specificity This plant can greatly perplex the grower who first grew wisteria:

• you should not choose a living tree as a support for this plant. Liana will eventually "strangle" the tree with powerful lashes. The plant can only be fixed near dead and dried trees;
• the vine develops late foliage in the spring. Its bare branches will begin to contrast with the greenery of the rest of the plants that has appeared;
• flowering is not constant, and not intense all the time;
• in hot weather, the leaves of this plant acquire a dark brown hue;
• the increased allergy and toxicity of liana pollen makes it impossible to grow it in the backyard, where small children often walk;
• the foliage and fruits of the creeper are very poisonous. After contact with the plant, the whole body should be thoroughly washed with soap.

Chinese wisteria creates a magnificent romantic atmosphere on the backyard.This vine will fit perfectly in any landscape design, masks the facades of old houses, as well as dead trees. The aroma of blossoming inflorescences is very pleasant to the sense of smell, and also clears the air space from pathogens. Caring for a vine is quite difficult, but the result obtained will reward you for all your efforts.

Growing wisteria

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The most luxurious of the southern lianas blooming in spring, wisteria makes an indelible impression on everyone who saw it at this time. Hanging clusters of blue, white or pink flowers envelop the plant so densely that foliage is almost invisible behind them. Its bloom is fantastic in beauty, an unforgettable sight. Native to East Asia and North America, these tall, tree-like lianas belong to the legume family and form the genus Wisteria (Latin for Wisteria).

Types and varieties of wisteria in the Moscow region

Chinese wisteria blue sapphire

Blue sapphire in the Moscow region is a leafy liana, which in natural conditions can grow up to 15-20 meters in height. It has odd-pinnate, large leaves. Young shoots are densely pubescent, but after some time they become smooth. The flowers are pale purple in color, gather in loose clusters, reaching 20-30 centimeters in length.

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Wisteria alba

It is a decorative perennial deciduous liana. The plant has many cascading shoots that can grow up to 25 meters in length. Massive stems (up to 30-35 centimeters in diameter) lignify over time. In the early stages of growth, young shoots should be directed in the right direction, because after they have hardened, it will be almost impossible to give them the desired shape.

Wisteria wisteria floribunda in the Moscow region (abundantly flowering, multi-flowered)

The profusely flowering wisteria is a relatively small, woody vine. With proper care in the Moscow region and timely pruning, it reaches 8-10 meters in height. Abundantly covered with large leaves, consisting of 11-19 dense ovoid leaves and reaching up to 40 centimeters in length. It is interesting that the stems of the plant twist strictly clockwise, their diameter at the base, as a rule, is 20-30 centimeters.

Wisteria macrostachia (large-walled)

The homeland of wisteria macrostachia is North America. It is distinguished from the previous varieties by dense, large inflorescences. The value of this species lies in the fact that it served as the basis for the creation of two frost-resistant varieties: Blue Moon and Clara Mac. The most widespread is the first grade.

Wisteria frost-resistant blue moon

Wisteria blue moon is better than other hybrids suitable for growing in the Moscow region, since it has increased frost resistance, which allows it to winter well even with temperature drops down to -40 ° C. This variety is a tree-like, deciduous, rapidly growing liana, the stems of which grow up to 8 meters in length.

How to plant wisteria in the garden

For growing wisteria, prepare slightly alkaline loose soil, which is well drained. Remember that it is better to grow wisteria on fertile soils; complex mineral fertilizers are applied for digging.

Despite the fact that wisteria becomes more hardy with age, it does not tolerate drafts at all. Arrange boarding with this requirement in mind.

For planting wisteria in Podmovskovye, pits are prepared, the depth of which is not less than 50 cm. A good layer of drainage is laid at the bottom to provide the roots with reliable protection against flooding by groundwater.

Growing wisteria from seeds takes a long time, so be patient.At first, it seems that the seedlings have stopped growing, only in the second year young shoots begin to grow. If you are lucky, then flowering can be seen as early as 5 years of cultivation, although some specimens do not bloom for 10 years.

Growing wisteria from seeds

You can sow wisteria seeds in late autumn. For sowing, it is better to use a mixture of leafy earth 4 parts, turf and sand 1 part each. Water abundantly and cover with glass to create a greenhouse effect, place in a dark place with a temperature of +20 degrees. The soil must be kept moist. After the shoots have appeared, you can move the container to a bright room, but not in direct sunlight. When the seedlings form two leaves, they are dived into separate containers and watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. You can plant seeds directly in open ground in the spring. You need to wait for persistent warming and choose a sunny and draft-free planting site. Approach nutritious, slightly alkaline soil. When planting in the suburbs, they dig a hole of 50/50/60 cm, apply mineral fertilizers to the soil. Wisteria grown from seeds grows for a very long time, and begins to bloom in 5-10 years. Wisteria requires moderate watering, the soil should be slightly moist. For the winter, the plant sheds its leaves, watering stops.

Wisteria care in the suburbs

From spring to late summer, watering is moderate, the soil should be slightly moist all the time. The soil should be light, rich in nutrients. Chlorosis (leaf clarification) often develops on calcareous soils.

Wisteria does not tolerate excess water well. In dry spring, plants should be well watered so that the buds do not crumble. During the budding and flowering period, they are fed with liquid fertilizer once a week.

For a luxurious bloom, wisteria should be in the sun for at least half a day. They require shelter for the winter. But some varieties can withstand frosts down to -20 ° C. To increase the abundance of flowering, wisteria must be cut off at least 2 times.

The first pruning is carried out after flowering, shortening all lateral shoots by two-thirds of their length. The second is done in the fall after leaf fall. At the same time, the trimmed lateral branches in the summer and those that appeared after the summer pruning are shortened, leaving 3-5 buds on which inflorescences will appear. In central Russia, it requires good shelter for the winter.

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Wisteria transplant

It is necessary to transplant wisteria using a transshipment method. Young plants - annually (up to 3 years of age) in a larger pot. Subsequently, replace the top layer (5 cm) with fresh and nutritious soil, annually.

Plant wisteria. Even a small wisteria that adorns a courtyard in the Moscow region in summer creates a holiday of spring and beauty, gives joy and good mood.

Pruning wisteria

The first years of development, wisteria forms long and thin shoots, and in adulthood forms dense knotty wood. Flower buds are laid on the lateral, thinner branches, which should be protected when rejuvenating the plant or thinning its branches. Correct pruning of wisteria is the key to abundant flowering. Flowers are formed on last year and older wood, or on short flower shoots of the current year. Therefore, to obtain flower buds, on the number of which the abundance of flowering depends, it is necessary to cut off last year's shoots every year after spring flowering (their length should not be more than 30 cm). In August, the growth of the current year should also be shortened by 4–5 buds. In general, the pruning procedure is simple, but it must be performed annually to obtain luxurious, fragrant bunches.

With systematic pruning, it is possible to form wisteria in the form of a standard tree. In this case, it is planted taking into account the necessary approach to the plant. Also, this form is chosen for indoor growing.

Wisteria feed

In order for flowering to occur on time and abundantly, it is necessary to timely apply mineral fertilizers in liquid form, alternating them with organic ones, for example, mullein infusion at a concentration of 1:20. From the beginning of the active growing season, feeding is carried out once a week. Chalk water is used in a proportion of 100 g per bucket of water, to ensure the desired reaction of the soil, 1-2 waterings per season are enough.

Watering wisteria

Throughout half a year (from spring to the end of summer), watering for Wisteria should be moderate, it is desirable that the soil in the depths of the pot is always moist, only the top layer dries out, the substrate for the flower should be loose, it does not tolerate oversaturation with moisture.

In winter, watering for Wisteria in the Moscow region should be minimal. When a plant has a budding or flowering period, it is necessary to feed it once a week with liquid fertilizer for indoor plants.

Reproduction of wisteria

You can propagate wisteria and winter grafting (in December). The grafting is done on the roots, since the wood of the wisteria is loose, and the grafting fails. An effective way of propagation is by horizontal layers. In the fall, after the leaves have fallen, the lower shoots are slightly incised and pinned to the ground. Top covered with soil, leaving only the tops on the surface. In the spring, at the beginning of bud break, the shoots ring from the side of the mother plant. In the fall, when a new root system develops, the layers can be detached. If the roots have not grown enough, the layers are grown for another year.

Can be propagated by wisteria and winter cuttings. The optimal time for cuttings is February-March. The prepared shoots are split in half along the axis, and then small cuttings 5 ​​cm long with one bud in the middle of the cutting are cut from these halves. Rooting is carried out in boxes or pots in a greenhouse. To do this, the cuttings are immersed in the soil buds upwards at a distance of 4–5 cm from each other and sprinkled with sand (layer 1–1.5 cm).

Can be propagated by wisteria and seeds. Seeds are sown in a greenhouse in December-January or in open ground in early spring. They remain viable for 2-3 years. Germination is late. Cotyledons are not carried out by seedlings from the soil. Seedlings have odd-pinnate first leaves with a small number of leaflets. Seed propagation has its advantages. From the first days of life, seedlings adapt to the conditions of their habitat and grow quite hardy and resistant to weather surprises. This breeding method is more suitable than others for the northern regions of Ukraine. True, seedlings bloom after 4-6, and some even after 9 years. Well, decorative properties may not be preserved. Seedlings with low decorative qualities are used as a stock for propagation by grafting. However, when growing wisteria in the suburbs from seeds, pleasant surprises also happen. Some seedlings are superior to their parents in decorative qualities. Such plants are used for breeding purposes, selecting the best from them, and then propagating them by cuttings.

Diseases and pests of wisteria

In general, wisteria rarely gets sick or is affected by pests. Its main enemies are aphids and clover mites. Aphids are eliminated with the help of insecticides, and ticks with acaricides. If the soil is too alkaline, then wisteria can develop chlorosis, which is manifested by yellowing of the foliage.

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Most of the questions about wisteria are related to the lack of flowering. Firstly, as already mentioned, wisteria begins to bloom only 3-4 years after planting, and Japanese wisteria - after 10.

Root damage, such as from transplanting, also slows down flowering. In order for flowers to appear on young shoots, you need to cut them off. Also, flowering will be absent if there is a lack of moisture. If you have met all the conditions and wisteria still does not bloom, then most likely you have a plant obtained from seeds.

Wisteria, the care and cultivation of which in the subtropical zone is problem-free, in other climatic zones requires special attention. The second name is wisteria and it is one of the most beautifully flowering plants. Seeing once, one cannot help falling in love with a gorgeous liana with a waterfall of flowering inflorescences and a pleasant sweetish aroma. To have such an asset in your garden is the dream of every gardener.

Let me introduce myself

Wisteria is a plant that looks like a huge decorative liana, belonging to the legume family. It is mainly tree-like and deciduous, but sometimes there are semi-leafy, lignified specimens at the base. The plant got its name in honor of the American professor of anatomy Caspar Wistar and translated from Greek means "sweet". For decorative purposes, the plant is grown all over the world. But the main distribution area is East Asia and North America, mainly in subtropical zones. Also found in the forests of China, in the Kuban, in the Crimea, in the North Caucasus. In general, there are 9-10 varieties, but only two are grown in the garden - lush and Chinese.

It is a fast-growing perennial (trees live for 150 years), growing up to 18 m in height. The branches are represented by climbing vines. They are naked (sometimes there are specimens with pubescence) and drooping. The size of the plant is impressive - the liana can reach 0.4 m in girth. The shoots of wisteria are thin, painted green, and the bark is gray.

The foliage of wisteria is pinnate, painted in a dark or light green shade, is arranged alternately and consists of 7-13 fragments, each of which has an oblong-ovoid or narrow-elliptical shape. In general, the length of the leaf reaches 30 cm in length.

Wisteria blooms twice a year. The first time - in March-May, the second - in the middle or late summer. Some species may have different budding times. Outwardly, the flower is a drooping bunch, consisting of many densely planted buds. On average, the length of the bunch is 10-80 or 100-120 cm. The flowers bloom from the base to the top of the bunch, emitting a delicate aroma. There is a snow-white corolla and a zygomorphic perianth.

The color of the buds is varied. Mostly pink, white, various shades of purple and lilac.

At the end of flowering, fruits are formed - pods measuring 15 cm, containing seeds of a flat-round shape, colored brown-black.

When cultivating and caring for wisteria (photos of the most luxurious specimens are presented), you need to remember that some plants are poisonous, so you should be extremely careful and wash your hands thoroughly after contact.

Wisteria: care and cultivation in the middle lane

Unlike the usual wisteria zone, growth in the middle lane is problematic. Long and very cold winters can save only young shoots and rhizomes. Flowering also expects much to be desired - adult plants bloom only at 6-8 years of age. And where the summer is cold and rainy, you need to try hard to see the buds.

The ideal environment is a constant temperature without sudden changes, both day and night, and a lot of sunlight.

For good development in the middle lane, you need to create growing conditions and care for wisteria close to ideal.

Choosing a landing site and soil

Wisteria is a very thermophilic plant, therefore it prefers sunny areas and walls of buildings facing south. Open areas are not recommended; it is better to plant a vine along a high fence or under the wall of a house.

Achieve full and abundant flowering is possible only in bright light for at least 6 hours a day. In this case, winds and drafts should be avoided.

Wisteria is not particularly demanding on the soil. As a rule, it grows well on any soil, but black soil or rich loams are especially favorite.But a limestone substrate or a waterlogged one is completely unacceptable.

Planting and care features

The vine is planted in the ground at the beginning of June, having prepared a hole 60 * 60 cm and pre-digging mineral fertilizers at the rate of 25-30 g per m2.

To prevent the vine from rotting and getting wet, a good drainage layer must be laid on the bottom of the hole. This will further protect the root.

Like planting wisteria, care has its own subtleties:

1. After planting, the plant must be well watered.
2. You should wait for the adaptation, which lasts about a month. After that, the vine will grow and she will need to install a support.
3. In hot weather or during a drought, watering should be periodic and sufficient.
4. Spraying vines in summer is permissible.
5. When summer approaches the end, watering is reduced.
6. Rotten manure with water (20: 1) or mineral fertilizers (dissolve 20 g in a bucket of water) are used as top dressing.
7. When the foliage falls off, pruning should be done. It is also carried out in the spring during active growth.
8. Before the first frost, the liana is removed from the supports, laid on boards located on the ground and carefully covered with moss, and then with lutrasil. Root areas should be "covered" with earth. This procedure is especially important for young plants.

Leningrad and Rostov region

Many gardeners choose a Chinese or multi-flowered variety for growing wisteria in the Leningrad Region and caring for it. Alas, this is completely unacceptable for this area. As a rule, the plant dies. If it is possible to grow a liana, then its flowering will be very meager - just a couple of frail inflorescences.

It is best to give preference to a hybrid variety with high frost resistance - "Blue Moon". It is a large-leaved variety that will not only develop well, but will also give excellent flowering. Planting is carried out with seedlings, planting in the ground with the onset of June. To prevent the plant from dying in winter, before freezing, the liana should be carefully removed from the supports and carefully insulated with lutrasil. They do the same when planting and caring for wisteria in the Rostov region.

Ural and Moscow region

Wisteria does not tolerate a temperature drop of more than 20 degrees. Therefore, growing and caring for wisteria in the Moscow region is extremely difficult. There are special requirements for the safety of vines in the winter. The plant overwinters best when growing a crop in a container way.

It should be borne in mind that the "house" for the creeper does not require a small one - at least 40 liters. Plastic fonts, tubs, garden barrels are used.

The cultivation of wisteria in the Urals is similar. Yes, you have to work hard, but the result will surprise you.

With the arrival of autumn, before the first snow falls, the liana is sent in containers to winter in a warm room, where a minimum six-hour lighting can be provided. In this case, the plant should be watered once a week. Top dressing is excluded.

With the onset of March, the vine is moved to a bright room and watered well 2-3 times / week. Spraying with growth stimulants is allowed.

The practice of gardeners shows that even with seed growing of frost-resistant wisteria in the Moscow region and in the Urals, the liana will be able to give abundant two-time flowering (in summer and autumn). True, for a start, you will have to wait a long time for the sprout to turn into an adult tree.

Siberia

Wisteria is incredibly beautiful. It is not surprising that absolutely everyone wants to see her. But growing wisteria in Siberia is almost impossible. Even a variety like Blue Moon, which can withstand 40 degrees of frost, bows to its environment. In addition to a mild and warm climate, wisteria needs a long growing season. It is he who is responsible for the abundant and long flowering. The climate of Siberia cannot provide the necessary conditions.Even if you contrive and grow a vine, covering and protecting it at the same time from frost (providing a good shelter for the winter), and carefully watching that the plant does not get wet, flowering most likely will not come. If a miracle happens, the inflorescences will be weak and single.

Belarus and Ukraine

These countries are in a much warmer climate than in central Russia. So summer residents can rejoice - they will be able to grow wisteria. Moreover, they can grow thermophilic varieties, for example, "Chinese".

Growing wisteria in Belarus, they give preference to seedlings. At one year of age, they are planted in a sunny area when the soil and the environment are well warmed up. This time comes in April-May. Adult vines will bloom during the summer months beginning in late June. With the arrival of autumn, the plant should be well insulated.

Reproduction of wisteria

There are several breeding options for wisteria, each of which is good in its own way.

Layers

In addition to reliability and simplicity, the method is good in that it conveys all the signs of the mother plant to the children. They take part of the shoots of the last year and, with the arrival of spring or autumn, dig a row of 20 cm deep near them, add nutrient-rich soil into it, and spill it well with water. On the shoot, just above the buds, small cuts are made and the shoot is placed in a hole, remembering to pin it so that it does not come out, and sprinkle it with earth.

It is impossible to sprinkle the top of the shoot with earth, the plant will "breathe" through it. You just need to tie it to the peg in an upright position.

The shoot rooted in the leaf nodes is separated from the "mother" only after 1-1.5 years. If its root has developed strongly, it is immediately transplanted into the ground permanently, weakly into pots and sent to grow further.

Lignified cuttings

Cut them in the fall from the middle zone of ripe shoots. Each branch should have two buds and a length of 5-8 cm. After they are planted and kept until spring at 3 ° C. With the onset of April-May, cuttings are transplanted into containers with wet sand on the soil surface. Planting is carried out vertically to a depth of 4 cm, observing the distance between the cuttings of 10 cm. In the spring, they are transplanted into pots and sent for growing. After a year, the vines can be planted permanently in the ground.

Winter root grafting

The method is very complex, but it conveys all the varietal characteristics. In the fall, seedlings with off-grade wisteria are dug up, the root is separated (the thickness of the roots should be at least 6 cm), they are transplanted into containers with sand and sent to a cool place devoid of light. In December-January, they are brought into the warmth. Two weeks later, cuttings of varietal wisteria are inoculated with a length of 6 cm, having 2 buds and a sharp cut of 2-3 cm under the lowest. A similar cut is made on the root-rootstock for tighter contact. The vaccination site is well fixed with a plaster.

Next, the cuttings are planted in a container with a nutrient substrate, without deepening the grafting site, and covered with glass. Further conditions of detention: at least 15 ° C and humidity 80%. If everything is done correctly, shoots from the axillary buds should appear in two weeks. Well-rooted vines can be transplanted into the ground.

Wisteria from seed

You can sow seeds in March in open ground or in December in small greenhouses. In the second case, a mixture of leaf and sod land with sand (4: 1: 1) is used as a substrate. The seeds are simply laid out on the soil and lightly sprinkled with sand, covered with glass and sent to a warm (at least 20 ° C) and dark place. At the same time, they control that the soil is constantly moist.

After a month, the seeds will hatch, after another 1.5 weeks they are brought out into the light, shading at first from the sun. When 2 pinnate leaves appear, a pick is made, trying not to damage the roots. In the future, such sprouts can be used for grafting.Please note that homemade wisteria from seeds does not convey varietal characteristics. Therefore, its flowering may not come or be very poor, even after 8 years.

As you can see, growing wisteria and caring for it in the middle climatic zone has significant difficulties. But it's never too late to experiment. Subject to all the nuances, you can grow a real beauty. Of course, not the same as in China, but its bloom will delight you.

Anyone who has seen blooming wisteria once can hardly remain indifferent. If you want to constantly admire a beautiful flower, then you can plant it, even in the suburbs. How to plant and grow wisteria, read about care and cultivation below.

Description and characteristics of wisteria

Wisteria belongs to the legume family. This is a climbing plant with lilac flowers, collected from the cascading brushes, visually somewhat similar to bunches of grapes or lilac flowers. These brushes can be up to 30 cm long.

Often this plant is used to decorate terraces, gazebos and verandas, because it not only wraps beautifully with lilac flowers around the place for rest, but also exudes a pleasant aroma, giving the rest the so-called spa effect.

Wisteria for terrace decoration

Wisteria is a perennial plant, which is why some difficulties arise with caring for it, because it loves warmth and can hardly endure the Russian winter frosts, such as are found in the Urals or north of the Leningrad region. She was born in China, loves the subtropical climate, so she can also be found in the south of Russia and the United States.

Although they say that the height of this plant can reach 18 meters, everything should be borne in mind that it will not become such a growth soon: it grows by about 2 meters in a year.

This fragrant liana blooms from the end of March almost until autumn.

Popular species for cultivation

Distinguish five types of wisteriathat belong to horticultural crops:

• chinese
• Japanese (abundantly flowering)
• beautiful (Blue Moon)
• shrub
• carpal

In the suburbs, St. Petersburg and central Russia the first three bloom well... In the north of Russia and in Siberia, unfortunately, this plant is unlikely to take root: it is not recommended to grow it in places where the air temperature in winter drops below 30 degrees.

So, let's take a closer look at each of the three types:

• chinese - will withstand frosts down to -20! Blossom and bear fruit - beans about 15 cm in size - begins 3-5 years after planting. Reaches a height of over 20 meters in length.
• japanese wisteria (profusely flowering) - the shortest sister of all species: it reaches a height of only 5-9 meters. The short length is compensated by abundant flowering, a large number of small flowers, long large leaves;
• lovely and its variety, the macrostachia Blue Moon or blue sapphire, is a relatively recent variety bred by American geneticists, which, according to them, should withstand frosts of more than 37 degrees below zero. But, as experience shows, even Blue Moon does not always manage to survive in harsh conditions, but she will definitely survive in the suburbs.

So, decide on the variety, now you need to deal with planting and care.

Planting and caring for a wisteria flower

If you intend to grow wisteria and admire its flowering for many years, then you need to follow some recommendations.

We grow from seeds at home

The seeds are in hard pods. Some boxes contain one, some two or three. They are needed from there take out and soak for two weeksand. You do not need to take small seeds of the size of lentils for planting, only large seeds will do.

Take a small container, for example, from the soy sauce or ginger from the roll set, put cotton wool in it, pour water and lower the seed. Then you need to cover the container with the seed with a film to retain moisture and put it in a warm place.

Within two weeks, the seed should germinate and give a root.If there is no root after two weeks, then we do not use such a seed, nothing will grow out of it.

The seed gave a root - it's time to plant it in the ground... Wisteria, as already mentioned, loves air, warmth and moisture. So, for the sprout, you need to prepare drainage: put shells and sand on the bottom of the pot, then fill the pot half with peat, and half the sod and leaf land.

Then cover the pot with the seed with glass to retain moisture and remove it for three weeks in a dark, warm place. After the due date, we dive the plant, waiting for the appearance of two leaves.

Wisteria grown from seed begins to delight with flowering not earlier than five years after landing.

But still, it is better, easier and more reliable to grow wisteria from a cuttings, that is, in a vegetative way.

Layers

Wisteria is well bred using layering. For such reproduction, take a fresh shoot in spring no older than one year, make a thin incision along the shoot through its entire length. Then the shoot is bent over and laid in sod soil. At the end of summer, the established shoot is planted.

In order for the escape to survive the first winter, it is planted not immediately into open soil, and in a container of approximately 55 liters.

From cuttings

Wisteria can also be grown by cuttings. Need to cut cuttings in spring length 20-25 cm and place it in loose soil with peat and sand at a depth of 50 cm in special boxes. Store the cuttings in a greenhouse until they are accepted.

Rooted cuttings of wisteria

The easiest and most realistic way to grow wisteria at home from the three presented is the second. Growing wisteria by layering is the greatest guarantee that everything will work out even for a novice gardener.

How to choose a place for a plant outdoors?

It is not recommended to plant next to live trees, as it becomes stronger over time and can simply "strangle" the neighbor, wrapping its branches around him more and more tightly.

It is good when the creeper has the opportunity to "grab" a good strong support that will withstand even in strong winds. Do not expect the wisteria to wrap around the whole support itself, help it, tie it up, and then, when preparing for the fall for the winter, there will be fewer problems.

Choose a sunny side when planting. Wisteria must be in the sun all the time if you want it to bloom.

How do we care?

• Dry shoots need to cut... As for the recommendations for spring pruning of branches in order for the plant to bloom more abundantly, there are contradictions here. Someone does not cut the branches - and the liana blooms luxuriantly and actively. Look here according to the situation, desire and intuition.
• Curly stems should be tied to some kind of support, ideally with the branches vertically.
• In drought, it is better to water more actively, but with caution: wisteria does not really like excess moisture and can die. During flowering.
• During the period of abundant flowering, it is recommended to fertilize the soil. It is better not to feed with nitrogen fertilizers, as they give an abundance of foliage, but not an abundance of flowers.

What diseases can be and what to do?

• If the creeper leaves turned yellowmost likely it is chlorosis. In the fight against this disease, bait with iron salts is used.
• An insecticide will save you from aphids.
• An acaricidal preparation will help from the clover mite.

We are preparing wisteria for the winter in Russia, the Moscow region and the region

If possible, it is better to plant wisteria in special containers and with the onset of autumn bring her into the house, because it is conditionally frost-resistant.

If it is nevertheless planted in the soil, then you need to detach it from the support, put it on the ground and cover it with earth, and cover it abundantly with leaves and spruce branches on top. The older your vine is, the more firmly it will endure frost.

If during the winter some of the shoots still freeze, you will cut them off in the spring, so do not focus on each branch. The main thing is to preserve the plant itself.

Successful planting and beautiful flowering lianas.As you can see, this is real: to grow wisteria in the suburbs.